PRINCIPAL WORKS ON J.R.R. TOLKIEN
Carpenter, Humphrey, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1977)
Carpenter, Humphrey, The Inklings: C.S. Lewis, J.R.R. Tolkien, Charles Williams, and their friends (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1978)
Flieger, Verlyn, Splintered Light: Logos and Language in Tolkien’s World (Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans, 1983)
Foster, Robert, The Complete Guide to Middle Earth: from The Hobbit to The Silmarillion (New York: Ballantine Books, 1978)
Giddings, Robert (ed.), J.R.R. Tolkien: This Far Land (London: Vision and Barnes & Noble, 1983)
Isaacs, Neil D., and Zimbardo, Rose A. (eds), Tolkien and the Critics (Notre Dame and London: University of Notre Dame Press, 1968)
Kocher, Paul H., Master of Middle Earth: The Fiction of J.R.R. Tolkien (Boston, Massachusetts: Houghton Mifflin, 1972)
Moseley, Charles, J.R.R. Tolkien (Plymouth: Northcote House Publishers, 1997)
Rosebury, Brian, Tolkien: A Critical Assessment (London: St Martin’s Press, 1992)
Salu, Mary, and Farrell, Robert T. (eds), J.R.R. Tolkien, Scholar and Storyteller: Essays In Memoriam (Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1979)
Shippey, T.A., The Road to Middle-Earth (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1982)
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Notes
PREFACE
1
Humphrey Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1981, p. 288. Back to text.
2 Ibid. Back to text.
3 Ibid. Back to text.
CHAPTER 1
1 Sunday Times, 26 January 1997. Back to text.
2 Ibid. Back to text.
3 Bookworm, BBCI. 27 July 1997. Back to text.
4 Times Literary Supplement, 24 January 1997. Back to text.
5 Guardian, 4 March 1997. Back to text.
6 Guardian, 20 January 1997. Back to text.
7 Sunday Times, 26 January 1997. Back to text.
8 The Times, 20 January 1997. Back to text.
9 Independent, 20 January 1997. Back to text.
10 Daily Telegraph, 23 April 1997. Back to text.
11 The Times, 23 April 1997. Back to text.
12 Independent, 20 January 1997. Back to text.
13 The Bookseller, 31 January 1997. Back to text.
14 The Times, 22 January 1997. Back to text.
15 Times Educational Supplement, 24 January 1997. Back to text.
16 Independent Education, 23 January 1997. Back to text.
17 Independent, 22 January 1997. Back to text.
18 Independent Education, 23 January 1997. Back to text.
19 Guardian, 21 January 1997. Back to text.
20 Sunday Times, 26 January 1997. Back to text.
21 W Magazine, Winter / Spring 1997. Back to text.
22 Daily Telegraph, 21 January 1997. Back to text.
23 New Statesman, 31 January 1997. Back to text.
24 Daily Telegraph, 1 February 1997. Back to text.
25 Thought for the Day, BBC Radio 4, 23 January 1997. Back to text.
26 Catholic Herald, 31 January 1997. Back to text.
CHAPTER 2
1 Humphrey Carpenter, Tolkien: A Biography, London: George Allen &. Unwin, 1977, p. 9. Back to text.
2 C.S. Lewis, Of This and Other Worlds, London: Fount, 1984, pp. 170-1. Back to text.
3 J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, London: George Allen & Unwin, one-volume paperback ed., 1978, p. 9. Back to text.
4 Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, p. 24. Back to text.
5 Ibid., p. 30. Back to text.
6 Ibid., p. 30. Back to text.
7 Ibid., pp. 30-1. Back to text.
8 Ibid., p. 32. Back to text.
9 Brian Rosebury, Tolkien: A Critical Assessment, London: St Martin’s Press, 1992, p. 122. Back to text.
10 Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, p. 36. Back to text.
11 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 3 54. Back to text.
12 Ibid., p. 395. Back to text.
13 Charles A. Coulombe, The Lord of the Rings: A Catholic View, unpublished manuscript, pp. 3-4. Back to text.
14 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, pp. 353-4. Back to text.
15 Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, p. 39. Back to text.
16 Ibid. Back to text.
17 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters ofJ.R.R. Tolkien, p. 255. Back to text.
18 Verlyn Flieger, Splintered Light: Logos and Language in Tolkien’s World, Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B Eerdmans, 1983, pp. 3-4. Back to text.
19 Ibid., p. 4. Back to text.
CHAPTER 3
1 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters ofJ.R.R. Tolkien, p. 53. Back to text.
2 Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, p. 48. Back to text.
3 Ibid., p. 50. Back to text.
4 Ibid., p. 51. Back to text.
5 Ibid. Back to text.
6 Ibid. Back to text.
7 Ibid. Back to text.
8 Ibid., pp. 49-51. Back to text.
9 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 5 3. Back to text.
10 Charles Moseley, J.R.R. Tolkien, Plymouth: Northcote House Publishers, 1997, pp. 16-17. Back to text.
11 Ibid., p. 16. Back to text.
12 Ibid., p. 17. Back to text.
13 The Times, 3 September 1973. Back to text.
14 Ibid. Back to text.
15 Ibid. Back to text.
16 Ibid. Back to text.
17 Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, p. 68. Back to text.
18 Ibid., p. 69. Back to text.
19 Ibid., p. 70. Back to text.
20 Ibid., p. 73. Back to text.
21 Ibid. Back to text.
22 Ibid., p. 74. Back to text.
23 Ibid., p. 76. Back to text.
24 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 53. Back to text.
25 Ibid. Back to text.
26 Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, p. 91. Back to text.
27 Ibid., p. 89. Back to text.
28 Moseley, J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 10. Back to text.
29 Mary Salu and Robert T. Farrell (eds), J.R.R. Tolkien, Scholar and Storyteller: Essays In Memoriam, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1979, p. 34. Back to text.
30 Ibid., p. 33. Back to text.
31 Ibid., pp. 33-4. Back to text.
CHAPTER 4
1 G.K. Chesterton in Joseph Pearce, Wisdom and Innocence: A Life of G.K. Chesterton, London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1996, p. 83. Back to text.
2 Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, p. 161. Back to text.
3 Ibid., p. 160. Back to text.
4 The Listener, 12 May 1977. Back to text.
5 Rosebury, Tolkien: A Critical Assessment, p. 158. Back to text.
6 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 60. Back to text.
7 Ibid., pp. 48-9. Back to text.
8 Ibid., pp. 51-2. Back to text.
9 Rosebury, Tolkien: A Critical Assessment, pp. 124-5. Back to text.
10 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 100. Back to text.
11 Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, pp. 158-9. Back to text.
12 Valentine Cunningham, British Writers of the Thirties, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988, p. 151. Back to text.
13 Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, p. 159. Back to text.
14 C.S. Lewis, The Four Loves, London: Fontana, 1963, p. 55. Back to text.
15 Robert Giddings (ed.), J.R.R. Tolkien: This Far Land, London: Vision and Barnes & Noble, 1983, p. 182. Back to text.
16 Lewis, The Four
Loves, pp. 57-8. Back to text.
17 Humphrey Carpenter, The Inklings: C.S. Lewis, I.R.R. Tolkien, Charles Williams, and their friends, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1978, pp. 22-3. Back to text.
18 Ibid., p. 28. Back to text.
19 Ibid., p. 30. Back to text.
20 Ibid., p. 32. Back to text.
21 C.S. Lewis, Surprised by Joy, London: Geoffrey Bles, 1955, p. 173. Back to text.
22 Walter Hooper, interview with the author, Oxford, 20 August 1996. Back to text.
23 Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, p. 151. Back to text.
24 Carpenter, The Inklings, p. 44. Back to text.
25 Lewis, Surprised by Joy, pp. 178-9. Back to text.
26 Carpenter, The Inklings, p. 45. Back to text.
27 Walter Hooper (ed.), They Stand Together: The Letters of C.S. Lewis to Arthur Greeves (1914—1963), London: Collins, 1979, pp. 427-8. Back to text.
28 Carpenter, The Inklings, p. 52. Back to text.
CHAPTER 5
1 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 64. Back to text.
2 Stratford Caldecott, ‘Tolkien, Lewis and Christian Myth’, unpublished manuscript, p. 1. Back to text.
3 Owen Barfield, interview with the author, Forest Row, 31 December 1996. Back to text.
4 Lewis, Surprised by Joy, p. 180. Back to text.
5 Ibid., p. 187. Back to text.
6 Walter Hooper, C.S. Lewis: A Companion and Guide, London: HarperCollinsPublishers, 1996, p. 671. Back to text.
7 Owen Barfield, interview with the author. Back to text.
8 Lewis, The Four Loves, p. 5 8. Back to text.
9 Lewis, Of This and Other Worlds, p. in. Back to text.
10 C.S. Lewis, ‘On Stories’, in Essays presented to Charles Williams, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1947, p. 104. Back to text.
11 Roger Lancelyn Green and Walter Hooper, C.S. Lewis: A Biography, London: HarperCollinsPublishers, 1988, p. 130. Back to text.
12 Ibid. Back to text.
13 Christopher Derrick, C.S. Lewis and the Church of Rome, San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1981, p. 46. Back to text.
14 Ibid. Back to text.
15 Christopher Derrick, interview with the author, Wallington, 26 August 1996. Back to text.
16 Carpenter, The Inklings, p. 50. Back to text.
17 Walter Hooper, interview with the author. Back to text.
18 Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, p. 155. Back to text.
19 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 96. Back to text.
20 Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, p. 154. Back to text.
21 Ibid. Back to text.
22 Ibid., p. 173. Back to text.
23 Ibid., p. 198. Back to text.
24 Walter Hooper, interview with the author. Back to text.
25 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 102. Back to text.
26 Ibid., p. 103. Back to text.
27 Ibid., p. 95. Back to text.
28 Ibid., pp. 95-6. Back to text.
29 Carpenter, The Inklings, p. 192. Back to text.
30 Louis Aragon (ed.), Authors Take Sides on the Spanish War, London: Left Review, 1937; quoted in Donat Gallagher (ed.), The Essays, Articles and Reviews of Evelyn Waugh, London: Methuen, 1983, p. 187. Back to text.
31 Peter Alexander, Roy Campbell: A Critical Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982, p. 151. Back to text.
32 Roy Campbell, Light on a Dark Horse: An Autobiography, London: Hollis & Carter, 1951, p. 317. Back to text.
33 Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, p. 200. Back to text.
34 Ibid., p. 201. Back to text.
35 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 115. Back to text.
36 Ibid., p. 349. Back to text.
37 Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, p. 204. Back to text.
38 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 352. Back to text.
39 Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, pp. 207-8. Back to text.
40 Carpenter, The Inklings, p. 160. Back to text.
41 Time and Tide, August 1954. Back to text.
42 Chad Walsh in the New York Times Book Review, 14 March 1965. Back to text.
43 Visual Corporation Ltd, A Film Portrait of J.R.R. Tolkien, 1992. Back to text.
44 Ibid. Back to text.
45 Daily Telegraph, 20 January 1996. Back to text.
46 New York Times Book Review, 14 March 1965, pp. 4-5. Back to text.
47 University of Portland Review, 20, No. 1 (1968), p. 43. Back to text.
48 Philip Yancey (ed.), Reality and the Vision, Dallas: Word Publishing, 1990, pp. 29-31. Back to text.
CHAPTER 6
1 Time and Tide, August 1954. Back to text.
2 T.A. Shippey, The Road to Middle-Earth, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1982, p. 176. Back to text.
3 Ibid. Back to text.
4 Ibid. Back to text.
5 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, pp. 109-10. Back to text.
6 Rosebury, Tolkien: A Critical Assessment, p. 97. Back to text.
7 The Month, January 1993. Back to text.
8 Crisis, March 1992. Back to text.
9 J.R.R. Tolkien, The Silmarillion, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1979, paperback ed., p. 15. Back to text.
10 Richard Jeffery, interview with the author, Oxford, 23 September 1997. Back to text.
11 Tolkien, The Silmarillion, pp. 18-19. Back to text.
12 Ibid., p. 19. Back to text.
13 Ibid. Back to text.
14 Ibid., p. 27. Back to text.
15 Richard Jeffery, interview with the author Back to text.
16 Tolkien, The Silmarillion, p. 19. Back to text.
17 Ibid., p. 22. Back to text.
18 Ibid., p. 34. Back to text.
19 Ibid., pp. 34-5. Back to text.
20 Ibid., p. 35. Back to text.
21 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 283. Back to text.
22 Ibid., pp. 190-1. Back to text.
23 Tolkien, The Silmarillion, p. 311. Back to text.
24 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 80. Back to text.
25 Tolkien, The Silmarillion, p. 20. Back to text.
26 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 99. Back to text.
27 Visual Corporation Limited, A Film Portrait of J.R.R. Tolkien. Back to text.
CHAPTER 7
1 T.S. Eliot, Selected Essays, 1917—1932, New York: Faber &. Faber, 1932, p. 218. Back to text.
2 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 377. Back to text.
3 George Sayer, interview with the author, 3 September 1997. Back to text.
4 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 172. Back to text.
5 Ibid., pp. 171-2. Back to text.
6 Ibid., p. 172. Back to text.
7 The Month, January 1993. Back to text.
8 Ibid. Back to text.
9 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, pp. 99-100. Back to text.
10 J.R.R. Tolkien (ed. Christopher Tolkien), The Monsters and the Critics and Other Essays, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1984, pp. 153-4. Back to text.
11 Ibid., pp. 156-7. Back to text.
12 Ibid. Back to text.
13 King’s Theological Review, Vol. 12, No. 1, 1989. Back to text.
14 Stratford Caldecott, ‘Tolkien, Lewis, and Christian Myth’, p. 15. Back to text.
15 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, pp. 100-1. Back to text.
16 Moseley, J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 60. Back to text.
17 Paul Pfotenhauer, Cresset (Valparaiso University), 32, No. 3, January 1969, pp. 13-15. Back to text.
18 Mythlore, 3, No. 2, 1975, pp. 3-8. Back to text.
19 Mythlore, 1, No. 1, January 1969, pp. 27-9. Back to text.
20 Dr Patrick Curry, letter to the author, 30 August 1997. Back to text.
21 Carpenter (ed.), The Lett
ers of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 172. Back to text.
22 Ibid., p. 237. Back to text.
23 Ibid., p. 387. Back to text.
24 Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, p. 6 5 6. Back to text.
25 Ibid. Back to text.
26 Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, p. 89. Back to text.
27 Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, p. 974. Back to text.
28 Ibid., p. 976. Back to text.
29 Ibid., p. 760. Back to text.
30 Desert Call, Colorado, Winter 1992. Back to text.
31 Caldecott, ‘Tolkien, Lewis, and Christian Myth’, pp. 4-5. Back to text.
32 Ibid., p. 6. Back to text.
33 Ibid. Back to text.
34 Ibid., p. 8. Back to text.
35 Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, p. 459. Back to text.
36 King’s Theological Review, Vol. 12, No. 1, 1989, p. 6. Back to text.
37 Ibid., p. 8. Back to text.
38 Ibid. Back to text.
39 Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, p. 608 and 618. Back to text.
40 King’s Theological Review, Vol. 12, No. 1, 1989, p. 8. Back to text.
41 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 246. Back to text.
42 Mythlore, 55, Autumn 1988, p. 6. Back to text.
43 Tolkien, The Silmarillion, p. 48. Back to text.
44 Ibid., pp. 318-19. Back to text.
45 Ibid., p. 320. Back to text.
46 Ibid., p. 321. Back to text.
47 Ibid., p. 47. Back to text.
48 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, pp. 285-6. Back to text.
49 Mythlore, 55, Autumn 1998, p. 9. Back to text.
50 Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, pp. 1068-9. Back to text.
51 Tolkien, The Silmarillion, p. 367. Back to text.
52 Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, p. 1069. Back to text.
53 Tolkien, The Silmarillion, p. 20. Back to text.
54 Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, p. 1076. Back to text.
CHAPTER 8
1 G.K. Chesterton, The Well and the Shallows, London: Sheed&Ward, 1935, p. 72. Back to text.
2 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 172. Back to text.
3 Ibid. Back to text.
4 Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, p. 222. Back to text.
5 Ibid. Back to text.
6 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 184. Back to text.
7 Ibid., p. 229. Back to text.
8 Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, p. 225. Back to text.
9 Carpenter (ed.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, p. 230. Back to text.
Tolkien: Man and Myth Page 21
