8 R. Service, Russia: Experiment with a People, pp. 273–4.
9 E. Chebankova, ‘Putin’s Struggle for Federalism: Structures, Operation and the Commitment Problem’, pp. 295–7.
10 P. Chaisty, Legislative Politics and Economic Power in Russia, p. 69.
11 RIA-Novosti 1 May 2008.
12 A. Campbell, The Blair Years. Extracts from the Alistair Campbell Diaries, p. 694.
13 M. Kasyanov, Bez Putina: politicheskie dialogi s Yevgeniem Kiselëvym, p. 128.
14 P. Chaisty, Government and Opposition, no. 3, pp. 446 and 449.
15 V. Jauvert, ‘Histoire secrète d’un revirement: Sarko le Russe’, Nouvel Observateur, 13 November 2008.
16 RIA-Novosti, 16 November 2008.
17 Kommersant, 15 May 2008.
18 May 2008: www.visionofhumanity.org/gpi/results/rankings.php.
19 R. Sakwa, Putin Redux, pp. 22 and 27.
29 And Russia? (From 2009)
1 Rosstat report, 3 June 2014; see also P. Chaisty and S. Whitefield, ‘The Effects of the Global Financial Crisis on Russian Political Attitudes’, Post-Soviet Affairs, no. 2 (2012), p. 201.
2 E. Gontmakher, ‘Poverty and Social Inequalities in Contemporary Russia’, p. 8: Institute of Contemporary Development, Moscow.
3 R. Sakwa, Putin Redux, pp. 86-8.
4 P. Chaisty, ‘ The Preponderance and Effects of Sectoral Ties in the State Duma’, Europe-Asia Studies, no.4 (2013), pp. 724 and 729.
5 R. Sakwa, Putin Redux, pp. 27-8 and 64.
6 Central Electoral Commission: http://www.cikrf.ru/banners/duma_2011/itogi/result.html.
7 R. Sakwa, Putin and the Oligarch, p. 164.
8 FAO Agriculture and Trade Policy: Background Note – Russia (Washington, DC, 2014), pp. 3-4.
9 V. Ryzhkov, Moskovskie Novosti, 12 August 2013 (online edition); ‘Srednedushevye denezhnye dokhody naseleniya’, Rosstat, July 2014: http://www.gks.ru/bgd/regl/b13_14p/IssWWW.exe/Stg/d1/04-02.htm.
10 E. Shvarts, Birdsong on the Seabed, pp. 27 and 151.
11 V. V. Putin, address to the Federal Assembly, 13 December 2013: http://eng.kremlin.ru/transcripts/6402.
12 M. Klein and K. Pester, ‘Russia’s Armed Forces on Modernisation Course Progress and Perspectives of Military Reform’, SWP Comments, Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik, pp. 1-5.
13 Personal observation, Stanford University, 23 June 2010.
14 R. Enikolopov, V. Korovkin, M. Petrova, K. Sonin and A. Zakharov, ‘Electoral Fraud in Russian Parliamentary Elections in December 2011: Evidence from a Field Experiment’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2013), pp. 1-5.
15 P. Chaisty and S. Whitefield, ‘The Effects of the Global Financial Crisis on Russian Political Attitudes’, Post-Soviet Affairs, no. 2 (2012), pp. 196 and 198.
16 M. Gessen, The Man Without a Face: The Unlikely Rise of Vladimir Putin, pp. 254-9.
17 R. Sakwa, Putin Redux, p. 200.
18 V. V. Putin, address to the Federal Assembly, 13 December 2013: http://eng.kremlin.ru/transcripts/6402.
19 Ibid.
20 R. Allison, Russia, the West and Military Intervention, pp. 193-4.
21 Kommersant, 24 April 2014.
22 Oral information from Paul Mitchard QC of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP and Affiliates: 29 August 2011.
23 Witness statement of A. S. Voloshin, 29 April 2011, pp. 1-10: High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division, Commercial Court, Boris Abramovich Berezovsky and Roman Arkadevich Abramovich.
24 Oral information from Sir Roderic Lyne who witnessed the conversation: 23 January 2014.
25 R. Service, Sunday Times, 9 February 2014.
Bibliography
Russian history is graced by many works that are absent from the Bibliography, which – I want to stress – includes only those documents, books and articles which are cited in the chapters.
Archives
Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Rossiiskoi Federatsii (GARF): Moscow
Hoover Institution Archives (HIA): Stanford, CA
Osobyi arkhiv (OA): Moscow
Rossiiskii Tsentr dlya Khraneniya i Issledovaniya Dokumentov Noveishei Istorii (RTsKhIDNI): Moscow
Smolensk Party Archives (on microfilm): Birmingham
Documentary Collections
Akademicheskoe delo 1929–1931. Delo po obvineniyu akademika S. F. Platonova (eds V. P. Leonov et al: St Petersburg, 1993)
Bol’shevistskoe rukovodsto. Perepiska, 1912–1927 (eds A. V. Kvashonkin, O. V. Khlevnyuk, L. P. Kosheleva and L. A. Rogovaya: Moscow, 1996)
The Cominform. Minutes of the Three Conferences, 1947/1948/1949 (ed. G. Procacci et al.: Milan, 1994)
Dekrety Sovetskoi vlasti, vol. 1 (Moscow, 1957)
Desyatyis”ezd RKP (b). Mart 1929g. Stenograficheskii otchët (SX: Moscow, 1963)
Devyatnadsataya vsesoyuznaya konferentsiya Kommunisticheskoi Partii Sovetskogo Soyuza (Moscow, 1988)
Dvadtsat’ chetvërtyi s”ezd Kommunisticheskoi Partii Sovetskogo Soyuza. 30 marta – 9 aprelya 1917 goda. Stenograficheskii otchët (SXXIV: Moscow, 1971)
Dvadtsat’ sed’moi s”ezd Kommunisticheskoi Partii Sovetskogo Soyuza. 25 fevralya – 6 marta 1986 goda. Stenograficheskii otchët (SXXVII: Moscow, 1986)
Dvadtsat’ vtoroi s”ezd Kommunisticheskoi Partii Sovetskogo Soyuza. 1–31 oktyabrya 1961. Stenograficheskii otchët (SXXII: Moscow. 1962)
Dvadtsatyi s”ezd Kommunisticheskoi Partii Sovetskogo Soyuza. 14–25 fevralya 1956 goda. Stenograficheskii otchët (SXX: Moscow, 1956)
J. A. Getty and O. V. Naumov, The Road to Terror: Stalin and the Self-Destruction of the Bolsheviks, 1932–1939 (London, 2001)
M. S. Gorbachëv, Gody trudnykh reshenii, 1985–1992 (Moscow, 1993)
M. S. Gorbachëv, Izbrannye rechi i stat’i, vol. 1 ff. (Moscow, 1987–)
‘Iz rechi tov. Bukharina na vechere vospominanii 1921g.’, Proletarskaya revolyutsiya, no. 10 (1921)
Kaklomali NEP. Stenogrammy plenumov TsK VKP(b), 1928–1929, vols 1–5 (eds V. P. Danilov, O. V. Khlevnyuk, A. Yu. Vatlin et al.: Moscow, 2000)
Konstitutsiya Rossiiskoi Federatsii (Moscow, 1993)
Konstitutsiya SSSR (Moscow, 1977)
Krest’yanskoe vosstanie v Tambovskoi gubernii v 1919–1921gg. ‘Antonovshchina’ (eds V. P. Danilov and T. Shanin: Moscow, 1994)
V. I. Lenin, Leninskii sbornik, vols 1–50 (Moscow, 1924–85)
V. I. Lenin, Polnoe sobranie sochinenii, vols 1–55 (PSS: 5th edn: Moscow, 1958–65)
Materialy plenuma Tsentral’nogo Komiteta KPSS (27–28 yanvarya 1987) (Moscow, 1987)
IV Moskovskaya oblastnaya. i III gorodskaya konferentsii Vsesoyuznoi kommunisticheskoi partii (b). Stenograficheskii otchët (Moscow, 1934)
Neizvestnaya Rossiya, vols 1 ff (ed. V. I. Kozlov: Moscow, 1992–)
Obshchestvo i vlast’. 1930-e gody. Povestvovanie v dokumentakh (eds. A. K. Sokolov, S. V. Zhuravlëv, L. P. Kosheleva, L. A. Rogovaya and V. B. Tel’pukhovskii: Moscow, 1998)
Perepiska TsK RSDRP(b) s mestnymi partiinymi organizatsiyami. Sbornik dokumentov, vol. 2 (Moscow, 1957)
Pis’ma I. V. Stalina V. M. Molotovu, 1925–1936 g.g. Sbornik dokumentov (Moscow, 1993)
Prezidium TsK KPSS, 1954–1964. Chernovye protokol’nye zapisi zasedanii: stenogrammy, vol. 1 (ed. A. A. Fursenko: Moscow, 2004)
Programma partii Liberal’no-demokraticheskoi partii. (Partiya Zhirinovskogo) (Moscow, 1993)
Protokoly Tsentral’nogo Komiteta RSDRP(b) (Moscow, 1958)
Resheniya partii i pravitel’stva po khozyaistvennym voprosam, vol. 1: 1917–1918 (Moscow, 1967)
Semnadtsatyi s”ezd VKP(b): 26 yanvarya – 10 fevralya 1934 goda. Stenograficheskii otchët (SXVII: Moscow, 1934)
Shestoi s”ezd RSDRP(b). August 1917 goda. Protokoly (SVI: Moscow, 1958)
Skrytaya Pravda voiny: 1941 god (eds P. N. Knyshevskii et al.: Moscow, 1992)
Smert’ zagovora. Belaya kniga (eds Yu. Kazarin and B. Yakovlev: Moscow, 1992)
Soprotivlenie v Gulage. Vospominaniya. P
is’ma. Dokumenty (Moscow, 1992)
Sovetskoe rukovodstvo. Perepiska, 1928–1941 (eds A. V. Kvashonkin, L. P. Kosheleva, L. A. Rogovaya and O. V. Khlevnyuk: Moscow, 1999)
Soyuz mozhno bylo sokhranit’. Belaya kniga. Dokumenty i fakty o politike M. S. Gorbachëva po reformirovaniyu i sokhraneniyu mnogonatsional’nogo gosudarstva (eds A. B. Veber, V. T. Loginov, G. S. Ostroumov and A. S. Chernyaev: Moscow 1995)
I. V. Stalin, Sochineniya, vols 1–12 (Moscow, 1946)
I. V. Stalin, Sochineniya, vols 13–15 (ed. R. H. MacNeal: Stanford, CA, 1967)
Stalin i Kaganovich. Perepiska. 1931–1936 gg. (eds O. V. Khlevnyuk, R. W. Davies, E. A. Rees, L. A. Rogovaya: Moscow, 2001)
Stalinskoe Politbyuro v 30-e gody. Sbornik dokumentov (eds O. V. Khlevnyuk, A. V. Kvashonkin, L. P. Kosheleva and L. A. Rogovaya: Moscow, 1995)
Stenogrammy zasedanii Politbyuro TsK RKP(b)-VKP(b), 1923–1938 gg., v trëkh tomakh (eds K. M. Anderson, A. Yu. Vatlin, P. Gregory, A. K. Sorokin, R. Sousa and O. V. Khlevnyuk: Rosspen, Moscow, 2007)
V. Stepankov and Ye. Lisov, Kremlëvskii zagovor (Moscow, 1992)
Tak eto bylo. Natsional’nye repressii v SSSR, 1919–1952 gody (ed. S. Alieva: Moscow, 1993)
The Trotsky Papers, 1917–1922 (TP: ed. J. Meijer: The Hague, 1964–1971)
Ustav Kommunisticheskoi Partii Sovetskogo Soyuza (Moscow, 1961)
Vos’moi s”ezd RKP(b). Mart 1919 goda. Protokoly (SVIII: Moscow, 1959)
Vosemnadtsatyi s”ezd. 10–21 marta 1939 goda. Stenograficheskii otchët (SXVIII: Moscow, 1939)
Vserossiiskaya konferentsiya RKP (bol’shevikov). 4–7 avgusta 1922. g. Byulleten’ (Moscow, 1922)
Diaries, Memoirs and Single Works by Participants
A. Adzhubei, Te desyat’ let (Moscow, 1989)
Yu. V. Andropov, ‘Uchenie Karla Marksa i nekotorye voprosy sotsialisticheskogo stroitel’stva’, Kommunist, no. 3 (1983)
G. Arbatov, Svidetel’stvo sovremennika, Zatyanuvsheesya vyzdorovlenie (1953–1985 gg.) (Moscow, 1991)
V. Bakatin, Izbavlenie ot KGB (Moscow 1992)
O. Bauer, Bolschewismus oder Sozialdemokratie? (Vienna, 1920)
V. Bukovskii, Moskovskii protsess (Moscow, 1996)
F. Burlatskii, Vozhdi i sovetniki. O Khrushchëve, Andropove i ne tol’ko o nikh … (Moscow 1990)
A. Campbell, The Blair Years. Extracts from the Alistair Campbell Diaries (eds A. Campbell and R. Stott: London, 2007)
Ye. Chazov, Zdorov’e i vlast’ (Moscow, 1992)
A. S. Chernyaev, Shest’ let Gorbachëvym. Po dnevnikovym zapisyam (Moscow, 1992)
F. Chuev (ed.) Sto sorok besed s Molotovym. Iz dnevnikov F. Chueva (Moscow, 1991)
F. Chuev (ed.), Tak govoril Kaganovich. Ispoved’ stalinskogo apostola (Moscow, 1992)
T. Dan, The Origins of Bolshevism (translation: London, 1964)
M. Djilas, Conversations with Stalin (London, 1962)
Ye. Gaidar, Gosudarstvo i evolyutsiya (Moscow, 1995)
N. Gevorkyan, N. Timakova and A. Kolesnikov, Ot pervogo litsa. Peregovory s Vladimirom Putinym (Moscow, 2000)
M. S. Gorbachev, The August Coup. The Truth and the Lessons (London, 1991)
M. S. Gorbachëv, Dekabr’-91. Moya pozitsiya (Moscow, 1992)
M. S. Gorbachev, Perestroika. New Thinking for Our Country and the World (London, 1987)
M. S. Gorbachëv Zhizn’ i reformy, vols 1–2 (Moscow, 1995)
R. Gorbachëva, Ya nadeyus’ (Moscow, 1991)
M. Gorbačov and Z. Mlynář, Reformátoři Nebývají štastni (Prague, 1995)
M. Gor’kii, L. Averbakh and S. Firin (eds). Belomorsko-Baltiiskii Kanal imeni Stalina, Istoriya stroitel’stva (Moscow, 1934)
L. N. Gumilëv, Ritmy Evrazii (Moscow, 1993)
L. N. Gumilëv, V poiskakh vymyshlennogo tsarstva (Moscow, 1970)
I. A. Il’in, O soprotivlenii zlu siloyu (Berlin, 1925)
K. Kautsky, The Dictatorship of the Proletariat (translated by H. J. Stenning: Manchester, 1919)
N. Khrushchev, Khrushchev Remembers (London, 1971)
N. Khrushchev, Khrushchev Remembers. The Glasnost Tapes (New York, 1990)
S. N. Khrushchev, Khrushchev on Khrushchev (London, 1990)
I. S. Klemashev, Fenomen Andropova, Vospominaniya i razmyshleniya lechashchego vracha (Moscow, 1992)
A. Korzhakov, Boris Yel’tsin: ot rassveta do zakata (Moscow, 1997)
V. Kravchenko, I Chose Freedom: The Personal and Political Life of a Soviet Official (London, 1947)
A. Larina, This I Cannot Forget (London, 1994)
Yu. Martov, Mirovoi bol’shevizm (Berlin, 1923)
R. Medvedev, On Socialist Democracy (London, 1975)
Vadim Medvedev, V komande Gorbachëva. Vzglyad izunutri (Moscow, 1994)
Vladimir Medvedev, Chelovek za spinoi (Moscow, 1994)
Z. Medvedev, A Question of Madness (London, 1975)
A. Mikoyan, Vospominaniya i mysli o Lenine (Moscow, 1970)
N. S. Patolichev, Ispytanie na zrelost’ (Moscow, 1977)
B. Russell, The Practice and Theory of Bolshevism (London, 1920)
N. Ryzhkov, Perestroika: istoriya predatel’stv (Moscow, 1992)
A. D. Sakharov, Memoirs (London, 1990)
A. D. Sakharov, Progress, Co-Existence and Intellectual Freedom (London, 1968)
G. Seniga, Una bagaglia che scotta (Milan, 1970)
G. Shakhnazarov, Tsena svobody. Reformatsiya Gorbachëva, glazami ego pomoshchnika (Moscow, 1993)
E. Shevardnadze, Moi vybor. V zashchitu demokratii i svobody (Moscow, 1991)
E. Shvarts, Birdsong on the Seabed (translated by Sasha Dugdale: Hexham, 2008)
K. Simonov, Glazami cheloveka moego pokoleniya (Moscow, 1990)
A. I. Solzhenitsyn, Kak nam obustroit’ Rossiyu? Neposil’nye soobrazheniya (Paris, 1990)
A. I. Solzhenitsyn, Letter to the Soviet Leaders (London, 1974)
I. V. Stalin, Ekonomicheskie problemy sotsializma v SSSR (Moscow, 1952)
L. Sukhanov, Tri Goda s Yeltsinym. Zapiski pervogo pomoshchnika (Riga, 1992)
L. Trotsky, My Life. An Attempt at Autobiography (London, 1975)
L. D. Trotskii, O Lenine. Materialy dlya biografii (Moscow, 1924)
L. D. Trotsky, The Revolution Betrayed: What is the Soviet Union and Where is it Going? (London, 1937)
N. S. Trubetskoi, K probleme russkogo samosoznaniya: sobranie statei (Paris, 1927)
N. Ustryalov, Pod znakom revolyutsii (2nd revd edn: Harbin: China, 1920)
N. Valentinov, Novaya ekonomicheskaya politika i krizis partii (California, 1971)
N. Valentinov, Vstrechi s Leninym (New York, 1962)
A. Vol’skii, Literaturnaya gazeta (4 July 1990)
N. Yegorychev, ‘Posle XX s”ezda’, VIKPSS, no. 5 (1991)
B. Yeltsin, Against the Grain. An Autobiography (London, 1990)
B. Yeltsin, Midnight Diaries (London, 2000)
B. Yeltsin, The View from the Kremlin (London, 1994)
T. Zaslavskaya, ‘The Novosibirsk Report’, Survey, no. 28/1 (1984)
V. Zhirinovskii, Poslednii brosok na yug (Moscow, 1993)
G. E. Zinov’ev, N. Lenin, Vladimir Il’ich Lenin. Ocherki zhizni i deyatel’nosti (Petrograd, 1918)
G. Zyuganov, Rossiya i sovremennyi mir (Moscow, 1995)
G. Zyuganov, Veryu v Rossiyu (Moscow, 1995)
Periodicals
Argomenty i fakty (Moscow)
Arkheologicheskii ezhegodnik (Moscow)
Centre for Transition Economies Briefing (London)
Current Legal Problems (London)
East European Markets (Financial Times) (London)
Economic History Review (Kendal)
Europe/Asia Studies (London)
Financial Times (London)
Forschungen zur osteuropäischen Geschichte (Berlin)
Istochnik (Moscow)
Istoricheskii arkhiv (IA: Moscow)
Istoriya SSSR (Moscow)
Izvestiya (Moscow)
Izvestiya Tsentral’nogo Komiteta Komm
unisticheskoi Partii Sovetskogo Soyuza (ITsKKPSS: Moscow)
Journal of Communist Studies (London)
Journal of Modern History (Chicago)
Kapital (Moscow)
Kommersant (Moscow)
Kommunist (Moscow)
Komsomol’skaya Pravda (Moscow)
Krasnaya zvezda (Moscow)
Literaturnaya gazeta (Moscow)
L’Unità (Rome)
Moskovskie novosti (Moscow)
New Left Review (London)
Nezavisimaya gazeta (London)
NG-Stsenarii (Moscow)
Novaya i noveishaya istoriya (Moscow)
Ogonëk (Moscow)
Otechestvennye arkhivy (Moscow)
Politicheskoe obrazovanie (Moscow)
Pravda (Moscow)
Revolutionary Russia (London)
RIA-Novosti (Moscow)
Rodina (Moscow)
Rossiiskaya gazeta (Moscow)
Rossiiskie vesti (Moscow)
Russia and the Successor States Briefing Service (London)
Saratovskie izvestiya (Saratov)
Sbornik (Leeds)
Segodnya (Moscow)
Slavic Review (Columbus, Ohio)
Slavonic and East European Review (SEER: London)
Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya (Moscow)
Sovetskaya etnografiya (Moscow)
Sovetskaya Rossiya (Moscow)
Soviet Studies (Glasgow)
Svobodnaya mysl’ (Moscow)
Trud (Moscow)
Voprosy istorii (Moscow)
Voprosy istorii Kommunisticheskoi Partii Sovetskogo Soyuza (VIKPSS: Moscow)
Znamya (Moscow)
Secondary Accounts
A. Agosti, Togliatti (Turin, 1996)
L. Alekseeva, Inakomyslie v SSSR (Paris, 1984)
G. Alexopoulos, Stalin’s Outcasts: Aliens, Citizens, and the Soviet State, 1926–1936 (Ithaca, NY, 2003)
R. Allen, Farm to Factory: A Reinterpretation of the Soviet Industrial Revolution (Princeton, 2003)
R. Allison, Russia, the West and Military Intervention (Oxford, 2013)
J. Anderson, Religion, State and Politics in the Soviet Union and Successor States (Cambridge, 1994)
C. Andreyev, Vlasov and the Russian Liberation Movement: Soviet Reality and Émigré Theories (Cambridge, 1987)
The Penguin History of Modern Russia Page 73
