Searight, Thomas B. The Old Pike: A History of the National Road. Uniontown, PA: Published by the Author, 1894.
Semi-Centennial Register of the Members of the Phi Kappa Sigma Fraternity, 1850–1900. Philadelphia: Avil Printing Co., 1900.
Seventeenth Regiment C.V.I. Reunion at Fairfield, Ct., 1862–1883, August 28, 1883. Bridgeport, CT: The Standard Association, Printers, 1884.
Sledge, E. B. With the Old Breed: At Peleliu and Okinawa. New York: Random House, 1981.
Slutz, Mahlon. Tribute to Major Augustus Vignos. Kent, OH: n.p., 1926.
Smith, Henry Perry, ed. History of the City of Buffalo and Erie County. Syracuse: D. Mason & Co., 1884.
Speech of John Brough at the Union Mass Meeting, at Marietta, Ohio, June 10, 1863. Springfield, OH: Springfield Republic, 1863.
Speeches, Arguments, Addresses, and Letters of Clement L. Vallandigham. New York: J. Walter & Co., 1864.
Spencer, Jesse Ames. History of the United States: From the Earliest Period to the Administration of Andrew Johnson. New York: Johnson, Fry and Company, 1866.
Staudenraus, P. J., ed. “A War Correspondent’s View of St. Augustine and Fernandina: 1863.” Florida Historical Quarterly 41, no. 1 (July 1962).
Stiles, Robert. Four Years Under Marse Robert. New York and Washington: Neale Publishing Company, 1910.
Thigpen, Allan D., ed. The Illustrated Recollections of Potter’s Raid, April 5–21, 1865. Sumter, SC: Gamecock City Printing, 1998.
Thomas, Henry W. History of the Doles-Cook Brigade, Army of Northern Virginia. Atlanta: Franklin Printing & Publishing Company, 1903.
Thompson, D. G. Brinton, ed. “From Chancellorsville to Gettysburg: A Doctor’s Diary.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 89, no. 3 (July 1965).
Thompson, Edwin Porter. History of the Orphan Brigade. Louisville, KY: Lewis N. Thompson, 1868.
The Traveller’s Tour Through the United States: An Instructive Pastime, Performed on a Map. New York: Roe Lockwood, 1842.
The Tribune Almanac and Political Register for 1864. New York: Tribune Association, 1864.
Trowbridge, John T. The South: A Tour of Its Battlefields and Ruined Cities. Hartford: L. Stebbins, 1866.
The Union Army: Cyclopedia of Battles. Madison, WI: Federal Publishing Co., 1908.
Vallandigham, James L. A Life of Clement L. Vallandigham. Baltimore: Turnbull Brothers, 1872.
Vanderslice, John Mitchell. Gettysburg, Then and Now: The Field of American Valor. New York: G. W. Dillingham Co., 1897.
Wheeler, Robert A., ed. Visions of the Western Reserve: Public and Private Documents of Northeastern Ohio, 1750–1860. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 2000.
Wheelock, Julia S. The Boys in White: The Experience of a Hospital Agent In and Around Washington. New York: Lange & Hillman, 1870.
Whitman, Walt. The Complete Prose Works of Walt Whitman. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1902.
Whittier, Edward N. “The Left Attack (Ewell’s) at Gettysburg,” in Civil War Papers Read Before the Commandery of the State of Massachusetts, Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. Reprint ed. Wilmington, NC: Broadfoot Publishing Company, 1993.
Williams, William. History of the Fire Lands, Comprising Huron and Erie Counties, Ohio. Cleveland: Press of Leader Printing Company, 1879.
Woolson, Constance Fenimore. Castle Nowhere: Lake-Country Sketches. Boston: James R. Osgood and Company, 1875.
SECONDARY SOURCES
Abbott, Richard H. Ohio’s Civil War Governors. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1962.
Adams, John. Warrior at Heart: Governor John Milton, King Cotton, and Rebel Florida, 1860–1865. Victoria, BC, Canada: Friesen Press, 2015.
Adams, Michael C. C. Living Hell: The Dark Side of the Civil War. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2014.
Andreasen, Bryon C. “Lincoln’s Religious Critics: Copperhead Christian Reactions to the President and the War,” in Daniel M. McDonough and Kenneth W. Noe, eds., Politics and Culture of the Civil War Era: Essays in Honor of Robert W. Johannsen. Selinsgrove, PA: Susquehanna University Press, 2006.
Archer, John M. East Cemetery Hill at Gettysburg: “The Hour Was One of Horror.” Gettysburg: Thomas Publications, 1997.
Baltzell, George F. “The Battle of Olustee (Ocean Pond), Florida.” Florida Historical Quarterly 9, no. 4 (April 1931).
Barton, Michael. Goodmen: The Character of Civil War Soldiers. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1981.
Bearden-White, Christina. “Illinois Germans and the Coming of the Civil War: Reshaping Ethnic Identity.” Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 109, no. 3 (Fall 2016).
Bergeron, Jr., Arthur W. Guide to Louisiana Confederate Military Units, 1861–1865. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1989.
Bergquist, James M. “German Communities in American Cities: An Interpretation of the Nineteenth-Century Experience,” Journal of American Ethnic History 4, no. 1 (Fall 1984).
Bigelow, Jr., John. The Campaign of Chancellorsville: A Strategic and Tactical Study. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1910.
Blight, David W. Race and Reunion: The Civil War in American Memory. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001.
Bonner, Robert E. The Soldier’s Pen: Firsthand Impressions of the Civil War. New York: Hill & Wang, 2006.
Brasher, Glenn David. The Peninsula Campaign & The Necessity of Emancipation. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2012.
Brooke, John. “There Is a North”: Fugitive Slaves, Political Crisis, and Cultural Transformation in the Coming of the Civil War. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2019.
Broomall, James J. Private Confederacies: The Emotional Worlds of Southern Men as Citizens and Soldiers. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2019.
Brown, Kent Masterson. Retreat from Gettysburg: Lee, Logistics, and the Pennsylvania Campaign. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2005.
Brown, Thomas J. Civil War Canon: Sites of Confederate Memory in South Carolina. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2015.
——. Civil War Monuments and the Militarization of America. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2019.
Browning, Judkin, and Timothy Silver. An Environmental History of the Civil War. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2020.
Burke, Eric. “Facing the Enemy: The Crucible of Combat Forged Unique Unit Cultures Within Civil War Regiments.” Civil War Times Illustrated (June 2019).
Burlingame, Michael. The Inner World of Abraham Lincoln. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1994.
Burton, Crompton B. “ ‘The Dear Old Regiment’: Maine’s Regimental Associations and the Memory of the American Civil War.” New England Quarterly 84, no. 1 (March 2011).
Burton, E. Milby. The Siege of Charleston, 1861–1865. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1970.
Burton, William L. Melting Pot Soldiers: The Union’s Ethnic Regiments. Ames: Iowa State University Press, 1988.
Carmichael, Peter S. The War for the Common Soldier: How Men Thought, Fought, and Survived in Civil War Armies. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2018.
Cashin, Joan. War Stuff: The Struggle for Human and Environmental Resources in the American Civil War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018.
Coco, Gregory A. A Strange and Blighted Land: Gettysburg: The Aftermath of a Battle. Reprint ed. El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie, 2017.
——. A Vast Sea of Misery: A History and Guide to the Union and Confederate Field Hospitals at Gettysburg, July 1–November 20, 1863. Reprint ed. El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie, 2017.
Coddington, Edwin B. The Gettysburg Campaign: A Study in Command. New York: Touchstone Books, 1997.
Coles, David J. “ ‘Shooting Niggers Sir’: Confederate Mistreatment of Black Soldiers at the Battle of Olustee,” in Gregory J. W. Urwin, ed., Black Flag Over Dixie: Racial Atrocities and Reprisals in the Civ
il War. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 2004.
Conner, Jr., Albert, and Chris Mackowski. Seizing Destiny: The Army of the Potomac’s “Valley Forge” and the Civil War Winter that Saved the Union. El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie, 2016.
Cronon, William. “Storytelling,” The American Historical Review 118, no. 1 (February 2013).
Das, Santanu. Touch and Intimacy in First World War Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Davis, William C. The Orphan Brigade: The Kentucky Confederates Who Couldn’t Go Home. New York: Doubleday, 1980.
Davis, William Watson. The Civil War and Reconstruction in Florida. New York: Columbia University Press, 1913.
Davison, Kenneth E. Cleveland during the Civil War. Columbus: Ohio State University Press for The Ohio Historical Society, 1962.
Dell, Christopher. Lincoln and the War Democrats: The Grand Erosion of Conservative Tradition. Cranbury, NJ: Associated University Presses, 1975.
Dell’Orto, Giovanna. “The Arrest and Trial of Clement L. Vallandigham in 1863,” in Words at War: The Civil War and American Journalism, ed. David B. Sachsman, S. Kittrell Rushing, and Roy Morris, Jr. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press, 2008.
Diffley, Kathleen, ed. To Live and Die: Collected Stories of the Civil War, 1861–1876. Durham: Duke University Press, 2002.
Downs, Gregory P. The Second American Revolution: The Civil War–Era Struggle over Cuba and the Rebirth of the American Republic. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2019.
Doyle, Don. The Cause of All Nations: An International History of the American Civil War. New York: Basic Books, 2014.
Dunkelman, Mark H. Gettysburg’s Unknown Soldier: The Life, Death, and Celebrity of Amos Humiston. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1999.
——. “Hardtack and Sauerkraut Stew: Ethnic Tensions in the 154th New York Volunteers, Eleventh Corps, during the Civil War.” Yearbook of German-American Studies 36 (2001).
Eckert, Ralph Lowell. John Brown Gordon: Soldier, Southerner, American. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1989.
Edwards, Tom J., ed. Raising the Banner of Freedom: The 25th Ohio Volunteer Infantry in the War for the Union by Bvt. Col. Edward C. Culp. Bloomington, IN: iUniverse, 2003.
Egerton, Douglas R. Thunder at the Gates: The Black Civil War Regiments that Redeemed America. New York: Basic Books, 2016.
Elmore, Thomas. “The Whistle and Hiss of The Iron: The Effects of Artillery Fire on Infantry at Gettysburg.” Gettysburg Magazine 5 (July 1991).
Elmore, Tom. Potter’s Raid through South Carolina: The Final Days of the Confederacy. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2015.
Engle, Stephen D. Gathering to Save a Nation: Lincoln and the Union’s War Governors. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2016.
——. Yankee Dutchman: The Life of Franz Sigel. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1993.
Fahs, Alice. The Imagined Civil War: Popular Literature of the North and South, 1861–1865. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
Farge, Arlette. The Allure of the Archives. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2013.
Fehrenbacher, Don E. The Slaveholding Republic: An Account of the United States Government’s Relations to Slavery. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Fernandez, Kathleen. “The Happy Valley: Constance F. Woolson’s View of Zoar.” [Unpublished paper in author’s possession].
——. Zoar: The Story of an Intentional Community. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 2019.
Fitzpatrick, Mike, et al. “Immigrants in the Ranks: A Collection of Vignettes of Foreigners in the Union Army.” Military Images 19, no. 3 (November/December 1997).
Flagel, Thomas R. War, Memory, and the 1913 Gettysburg Reunion. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 2019.
Fleche, Andre. The Revolution of 1861. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2010.
Florance, Jr., John E. “Morris Island: Victory or Blunder?” South Carolina Historical Magazine 55, no. 3 (July 1954).
Frank, Joseph Allan. With Ballot and Bayonet: The Political Socialization of American Civil War Soldiers. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1998.
Furgurson, Ernest B. Chancellorsville 1863: The Souls of the Brave. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1992.
Gallagher, Gary W., ed. Chancellorsville: The Battle and its Aftermath. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.
—. The First Day at Gettysburg: Essays on Union and Confederate Leadership. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1992.
——. The Fredericksburg Campaign: Decision on the Rappahannock. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995.
——. The Second Day at Gettysburg: Essays on Union and Confederate Leadership. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1993.
Gannon, Barbara A. “ ‘She Is a Member of the 23rd’: Lucy Nichols and the Community of the Civil War Regiment,” in This Distracted and Anarchical People: New Answers for Old Questions About the Civil War–Era North, ed. Andrew L. Slap and Michael Thomas Smith. New York: Fordham University Press, 2013.
Garrison, Zachary Stuart. German Americans on the Middle Border: From Antislavery to Reconciliation, 1830–1877. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 2019.
Geary, James W. We Need Men: The Union Draft in the Civil War. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1991.
Geary, Linda Leigh. Balanced in the Wind: A Biography of Betsey Mix Cowles. Lewisburg, PA: Bucknell University Press, 1989.
Glatthaar, Joseph T. General Lee’s Army: From Victory to Collapse. New York: Free Press, 2008.
——. The March to the Sea and Beyond: Sherman’s Troops in the Savannah and Carolinas Campaign. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1985.
Gordon, Lesley J. A Broken Regiment: The 16th Connecticut’s Civil War. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2014.
Gottfried, Bradley M. The Artillery of Gettysburg. Nashville: Cumberland House, 2008.
——. The Maps of Gettysburg: An Atlas of the Gettysburg Campaign, June 3–July 13, 1863. El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie, 2007.
Gray, Wood. The Hidden Civil War: The Story of the Copperheads. New York: Viking Press, 1964.
Greene, A. Wilson. “From Chancellorsville to Cemetery Hill: O. O. Howard and Eleventh Corps Leadership,” in Gary W. Gallagher, ed., The First Day at Gettysburg. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1992.
——. “From Gettysburg to Falling Waters: Meade’s Pursuit of Lee,” in Gary W. Gallagher, ed., The Third Day at Gettysburg & Beyond. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994.
——. “Morale, Maneuver, and Mud: The Army of the Potomac, December 16, 1862—January 26, 1863,” in Gary W. Gallagher, ed., The Fredericksburg Campaign: Decision on the Rappahannock. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995.
Gregor, Sharon. Rockefeller’s Cleveland. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2010.
Griffith, Paddy. Battle Tactics of the Civil War. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989.
Grimsley, Mark. And Keep Moving On: The Virginia Campaign, May–June 1864. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2002.
——. The Hard Hand of War: Union Military Policy Toward Southern Civilians, 1861–1865. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
Guelzo, Allen C. Gettysburg: The Last Invasion. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2013.
——. Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation: The End of Slavery in America. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2004.
Hager, Christopher. I Remain Yours: Common Lives in Civil War Letters. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2018.
Hamblen, Charles P., and Walter Powell, eds. Connecticut Yankees at Gettysburg. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1993.
Handley-Cousins, Sarah. Bodies in Blue: Disability in the Civil War North. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2019.
Harris, M. Keith. “Slavery, Emancipation, and Veterans of the Union Cause: Commemorating Freedom in the Ag
e of Reconciliation, 1885–1915.” Civil War History 53, no. 3 (September 2007).
Hartwig, D. Scott. “The Unlucky 11th: The 11th Army Corps on July 1, 1863.” Gettysburg Magazine 2 (January 1990).
Hebert, Walter H. Fighting Joe Hooker. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Company, 1944.
Helbich, Wolfgang, and Walter D. Kamphoefner, eds. German-American Immigration and Ethnicity in Comparative Perspective. Madison, WI: Max Kade Institute for German-American Studies, 2004.
Hendricks, Norine S. “An Illustrated Lecture: The Civil War Paintings of William Siffert,” Timeline 16, no. 3 (May-June 1999).
Hennessy, John J. “Evangelizing for Union, 1863: The Army of the Potomac, Its Enemies at Home, and a New Solidarity,” The Journal of the Civil War Era 4, no. 4 (December 2014).
——. “We Shall Make Richmond Howl: The Army of the Potomac on the Eve of Chancellorsville,” in Gary W. Gallagher, ed., Chancellorsville: The Battle and Its Aftermath. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.
Hess, Earl J. Civil War Infantry Tactics: Training, Combat, and Small-Unit Effectiveness. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2015.
——. Lee’s Tar-Heels: The Pettigrew-Kirkland-MacRae Brigade. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.
——. Trench Warfare Under Lee and Grant: Field Fortifications in the Overland Campaign. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007.
——. The Union Soldier in Battle: Enduring the Ordeal of Combat. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1997.
Hicken, Victor. Illinois in the Civil War. 2nd ed. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1991.
Hodes, Martha. Mourning Lincoln. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2015.
Hofmann, Annette. “One Hundred Fifty Years of Loyalty: The Turner Movement in the United States.” Yearbook of German-American Studies 34 (1999).
Holzer, Harold. Lincoln at Cooper Union: The Speech That Made Abraham Lincoln President. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2004.
Honeck, Mischa. “Men of Principle: Gender and the German American War for the Union,” Journal of the Civil War Era 5, no. 1 (March 2015).
Howe, Henry. Historical Collections of Ohio: An Encyclopedia of the State. Cincinnati: C. J. Krehbiel & Co., 1902.
A Thousand May Fall Page 37
