The Grapes of Wrath

by John Steinbeck

  Ma said fiercely, “You ain’t got the right to get discouraged. This here fambly’s goin’ under. You jus’ ain’t got the right.”

  Pa inspected his scraped nail. “We gotta go,” he said. “We didn’ wanta go. It’s nice here, an’ folks is nice here. We’re feared we’ll have to go live in one a them Hoovervilles.”

  “Well, if we got to, we got to. First thing is, we got to eat.”

  Al broke in. “I got a tankful a gas in the truck. I didn’ let nobody get into that.”

  Tom smiled. “This here Al got a lot of sense along with he’s randypandy.”

  “Now you figger,” Ma said. “I ain’t watchin’ this here fambly starve no more. One day’ more grease. That’s what we got. Come time for Rosasharn to lay in, she got to be fed up. You figger!”

  “This here hot water an’ toilets —” Pa began.

  “Well, we can’t eat no toilets.”

  Tom said, “They was a fella come by today lookin’ for men to go to Marysville. Pickin’ fruit.”

  “Well, why don’ we go to Marysville?” Ma demanded.

  “I dunno,” said Tom. “Didn’ seem right, somehow. He was so anxious. Wouldn’ say how much the pay was. Said he didn’ know exactly.”

  Ma said, “We’re a-goin’ to Marysville. I don’ care what the pay is. We’re a-goin’.”

  “It’s too far,” said Tom. “We ain’t got the money for gasoline. We couldn’ get there. Ma, you say we got to figger. I ain’t done nothin’ but figger the whole time.”

  Uncle John said, “Feller says they’s cotton a-comin’ in up north, near a place called Tulare. That ain’t very far, the feller says.”

  “Well, we got to git goin’, an’ goin’ quick. I ain’t a-settin’ here no longer, no matter how nice.” Ma took up her bucket and walked toward the sanitary unit for hot water.

  “Ma gets tough,” Tom said. “I seen her a-gettin’ mad quite a piece now. She jus’ boils up.”

  Pa said with relief, “Well, she brang it into the open, anyways. I been layin’ at night a-burnin’ my brains up. Now we can talk her out, anyways.”

  Ma came back with her bucket of steaming water. “Well,” she demanded, “figger anything out?”

  “Jus’ workin’ her over,” said Tom. “Now s’pose we jus’ move up north where that cotton’s at. We been over this here country. We know they ain’t nothin’ here. S’pose we pack up an’ shove north. Then when the cotton’s ready, we’ll be there. I kinda like to get my han’s aroun’ some cotton. You got a full tank, Al?”

  “Almos’—’bout two inches down.”

  “Should get us up to that place.”

  Ma poised a dish over the bucket. “Well?” she demanded.

  Tom said, “You win. We’ll move on, I guess. Huh, Pa?”

  “Guess we got to,” Pa said.

  Ma glanced at him. “When?”

  “Well—no need waitin’. Might’s well go in the mornin’.”

  “We got to go in the mornin’. I tol’ you what’s lef’.”

  “Now, Ma, don’ think I don’ wanta go. I ain’t had a good gutful to eat in two weeks. ’Course I filled up, but I didn’ take no good from it.”

  Ma plunged the dish into the bucket. “We’ll go in the mornin’,” she said.

  Pa sniffled. “Seems like times is changed,” he said sarcastically. “Time was when a man said what we’d do. Seems like women is tellin’ now. Seems like it’s purty near time to get out a stick.”

  Ma put the clean dripping tin dish out on a box. She smiled down at her work. “You get your stick, Pa,” she said. “Times when they’s food an’ a place to set, then maybe you can use your stick an’ keep your skin whole. But you ain’t a-doin’ your job, either a-thinkin’ or a-workin’. If you was, why, you could use your stick, an’ women folks’d sniffle their nose an’ creep-mouse aroun’. But you jus’ get you a stick now an’ you ain’t lickin’ no woman; you’re a-fightin’, ’cause I got a stick all laid out too.”

  Pa grinned with embarrassment. “Now it ain’t good to have the little fellas hear you talkin’ like that,” he said.

  “You get some bacon inside the little fellas ’fore you come tellin’ what else is good for ’em,” said Ma.

  Pa got up in disgust and moved away, and Uncle John followed him.

  Ma’s hands were busy in the water, but she watched them go, and she said proudly to Tom, “He’s all right. He ain’t beat. He’s like as not to take a smack at me.”

  Tom laughed. “You jus’ a-treadin’ him on?”

  “Sure,” said Ma. “Take a man, he can get worried an’ worried, an’ it eats out his liver, an’ purty soon he’ll jus’ lay down and die with his heart et out. But if you can take an’ make ’im mad, why, he’ll be awright. Pa, he didn’ say nothin’, but he’s mad now. He’ll show me now. He’s awright.”

  Al got up. “I’m gonna walk down the row,” he said.

  “Better see the truck’s ready to go,” Tom warned him.

  “She’s ready.”

  “If she ain’t, I’ll turn Ma on ya.”

  “She’s ready.” Al strolled jauntily along the row of tents.

  Tom sighed. “I’m a-gettin’ tired, Ma. How ’bout makin’ me mad?”

  “You got more sense, Tom. I don’ need to make you mad. I got to lean on you. Them others—they’re kinda strangers, all but you. You won’t give up, Tom.”

  The job fell on him. “I don’ like it,” he said. “I wanta go out like Al. An’ I wanta get mad like Pa, an’ I wanta get drunk like Uncle John.”

  Ma shook her head. “You can’t, Tom. I know. I knowed from the time you was a little fella. You can’t. They’s some folks that’s just theirself an’ nothin’ more. There’s Al—he’s jus’ a young fella after a girl. You wasn’t never like that, Tom.”

  “Sure I was,” said Tom. “Still am.”

  “No you ain’t. Ever’thing you do is more’n you. When they sent you up to prison I knowed it. You’re spoke for.”

  “Now, Ma—cut it out. It ain’t true. It’s all in your head.”

  She stacked the knives and forks on top of the plates. “Maybe. Maybe it’s in my head. Rosasharn, you wipe up these here an’ put ’em away.”

  The girl got breathlessly to her feet and her swollen middle hung out in front of her. She moved sluggishly to the box and picked up a washed dish.

  Tom said, “Gettin’ so tightful it’s a-pullin’ her eyes wide.”

  “Don’t you go a-jollyin’,” said Ma. “She’s doin’ good. You go ’long an’ say goo’-by to anybody you wan’.”

  “O.K.,” he said. “I’m gonna see how far it is up there.”

  Ma said to the girl, “He ain’t sayin’ stuff like that to make you feel bad. Where’s Ruthie an’ Winfiel’?”

  “They snuck off after Pa. I seen ’em.”

  “Well, leave ’em go.”

  Rose of Sharon moved sluggishly about her work. Ma inspected her cautiously. “You feelin’ pretty good? Your cheeks is kinda saggy.”

  “I ain’t had milk like they said I ought.”

  “I know. We jus’ didn’ have no milk.”

  Rose of Sharon said dully, “Ef Connie hadn’ went away, we’d a had a little house by now, with him studyin’ an’ all. Would a got milk like I need. Would a had a nice baby. This here baby ain’t gonna be no good. I ought a had milk.” She reached in her apron pocket and put something into her mouth.

  Ma said, “I seen you nibblin’ on somepin. What you eatin’?”

  “Nothin’.”

  “Come on, what you nibblin’ on?”

  “Jus’ a piece a slack lime. Foun’ a big hunk.”

  “Why, tha’s jus’ like eatin’ dirt.”

  “I kinda feel like I wan’ it.”

  Ma was silent. She spread her knees and tightened her skirt. “I know,” she said at last. “I et coal oncet when I was in a fambly way. Et a big piece a coal. Granma says I shouldn’. Don’ you say that about the baby. You got no righ
t even to think it.”

  “Got no husban’! Got no milk!”

  Ma said, “If you was a well girl, I’d take a whang at you. Right in the face.” She got up and went inside the tent. She came out and stood in front of Rose of Sharon, and she held out her hand. “Look!” The small gold earrings were in her hand. “These is for you.”

  The girl’s eyes brightened for a moment, and then she looked aside. “I ain’t pierced.”

  “Well, I’m a-gonna pierce ya.” Ma hurried back into the tent. She came back with a cardboard box. Hurriedly she threaded a needle, doubled the thread and tied a series of knots in it. She threaded a second needle and knotted the thread. In the box she found a piece of cork.

  “It’ll hurt. It’ll hurt.”

  Ma stepped to her, put the cork in back of the ear lobe and pushed the needle through the ear, into the cork.

  The girl twitched. “It sticks. It’ll hurt.”

  “No more’n that.”

  “Yes, it will.”

  “Well, then. Le’s see the other ear first.” She placed the cork and pierced the other ear.

  “It’ll hurt.”

  “Hush!” said Ma. “It’s all done.”

  Rose of Sharon looked at her in wonder. Ma clipped the needles off and pulled one knot of each thread through the lobes.

  “Now,” she said. “Ever’ day we’ll pull one knot, and in a couple weeks it’ll be all well an’ you can wear ’em. Here—they’re your’n now. You can keep ’em.”

  Rose of Sharon touched her ears tenderly and looked at the tiny spots of blood on her fingers. “It didn’ hurt. Jus’ stuck a little.”

  “You oughta been pierced long ago,” said Ma. She looked at the girl’s face, and she smiled in triumph. “Now get them dishes all done up. Your baby gonna be a good baby. Very near let you have a baby without your ears was pierced. But you’re safe now.”

  “Does it mean somepin?”

  “Why, ’course it does,” said Ma. “’Course it does.”

  Al strolled down the street toward the dancing platform. Outside a neat little tent he whistled softly, and then moved along the street. He walked to the edge of the grounds and sat down in the grass.

  The clouds over the west had lost the red edging now, and the cores were black. Al scratched his legs and looked toward the evening sky.

  In a few moments a blond girl walked near; she was pretty and sharp-featured. She sat down in the grass beside him and did not speak. Al put his hand on her waist and walked his fingers around.

  “Don’t,” she said. “You tickle.”

  “We’re goin’ away tomorra,” said Al.

  She looked at him, startled. “Tomorra? Where?”

  “Up north,” he said lightly.

  “Well, we’re gonna git married, ain’t we?”

  “Sure, sometime.”

  “You said purty soon!” she cried angrily.

  “Well, soon is when soon comes.”

  “You promised.” He walked his fingers around farther.

  “Git away,” she cried. “You said we was.”

  “Well, sure we are.”

  “An’ now you’re goin’ away.”

  Al demanded, “What’s the matter with you? You in a fambly way?”

  “No, I ain’t.”

  Al laughed. “I jus’ been wastin’ my time, huh?”

  Her chin shot out. She jumped to her feet. “You git away from me, Al Joad. I don’ wanta see you no more.”

  “Aw, come on. What’s the matter?”

  “You think you’re jus’—hell on wheels.”

  “Now wait a minute.”

  “You think I got to go out with you. Well, I don’t! I got lots a chances.”

  “Now wait a minute.”

  “No, sir—you git away.”

  Al lunged suddenly, caught her by the ankle, and tripped her. He grabbed her when she fell and held her and put his hand over her angry mouth. She tried to bite his palm, but he cupped it out over her mouth, and he held her down with his other arm. And in a moment she lay still, and in another moment they were giggling together in the dry grass.

  “Why, we’ll be a-comin’ back purty soon,” said Al. “An’ I’ll have a pocketful a jack. We’ll go down to Hollywood an’ see the pitchers.”

  She was lying on her back. Al bent over her. And he saw the bright evening star reflected in her eyes, and he saw the black cloud reflected in her eyes. “We’ll go on the train,” he said.

  “How long ya think it’ll be?” she asked.

  “Oh, maybe a month,” he said.

  The evening dark came down and Pa and Uncle John squatted with the heads of families out by the office. They studied the night and the future. The little manager, in his white clothes, frayed and clean, rested his elbows on the porch rail. His face was drawn and tired.

  Huston looked up at him. “You better get some sleep, mister.”

  “I guess I ought. Baby born last night in Unit Three. I’m getting to be a good midwife.”

  “Fella oughta know,” said Huston. “Married fella got to know.”

  Pa said, “We’re a-gittin’ out in the mornin’.”

  “Yeah? Which way you goin’?”

  “Thought we’d go up north a little. Try to get in the first cotton. We ain’t had work. We’re outa food.”

  “Know if they’s any work?” Huston asked.

  “No, but we’re sure they ain’t none here.”

  “They will be, a little later,” Huston said. “We’ll hold on.”

  “We hate to go,” said Pa. “Folks been so nice here—an’ the toilets an’ all. But we got to eat. Got a tank of gas. That’ll get us a little piece up the road. We had a bath ever’ day here. Never was so clean in my life. Funny thing—use ta be I on’y got a bath ever’ week an’ I never seemed to stink. But now if I don’t get one ever’ day I stink. Wonder if takin’ a bath so often makes that?”

  “Maybe you couldn’t smell yourself before,” the manager said.

  “Maybe. I wisht we could stay.”

  The little manager held his temples between his palms. “I think there’s going to be another baby tonight,” he said.

  “We gonna have one in our fambly ’fore long,” said Pa. “I wisht we could have it here. I sure wisht we could.”

  Tom and Willie and Jule the half-breed sat on the edge of the dance floor and swung their feet.

  “I got a sack of Durham,” Jule said. “Like a smoke?”

  “I sure would,” said Tom. “Ain’t had a smoke for a hell of a time.” He rolled the brown cigarette carefully, to keep down the loss of tobacco.

  “Well, sir, we’ll be sorry to see you go,” said Willy. “You folks is good folks.”

  Tom lighted his cigarette. “I been thinkin’ about it a lot. Jesus Christ, I wisht we could settle down.”

  Jule took back his Durham. “It ain’t nice,” he said. “I got a little girl. Thought when I come out here she’d get some schoolin’. But hell, we ain’t in one place hardly long enough. Jes’ gits goin’ an’ we got to drag on.”

  “I hope we don’t get in no more Hoovervilles,” said Tom. “I was really scairt, there.”

  “Deputies push you aroun’?”

  “I was scairt I’d kill somebody,” said Tom. “Was on’y there a little while, but I was a-stewin’ aroun’ the whole time. Depity come in an’ picked up a frien’, jus’ because he talked outa turn. I was jus’ stewin’ all the time.”

  “Ever been in a strike?” Willie asked.

  “No.”

  “Well, I been a-thinkin’ a lot. Why don’ them depities get in here an’ raise hell like ever’ place else? Think that little guy in the office is a-stoppin’ ’em? No, sir.”

  “Well, what is?” Jule asked.

  “I’ll tell ya. It’s ’cause we’re all a-workin’ together. Depity can’t pick on one fella in this camp. He’s pickin’ on the whole darn camp. An’ he don’t dare. All we got to do is give a yell an’ they’s two hunderd men ou
t. Fella organizin’ for the union was a-talkin’ out on the road. He says we could do that any place. Jus’ stick together. They ain’t raisin’ hell with no two hunderd men. They’re pickin’ on one man.”

  “Yeah,” said Jule, “an’ suppose you got a union? You got to have leaders. They’ll jus’ pick up your leaders, an’ where’s your union?”

  “Well,” said Willie, “we got to figure her out some time. I been out here a year, an’ wages is goin’ right on down. Fella can’t feed his fam’ly on his work now, an’ it’s gettin’ worse all the time. It ain’t gonna do no good to set aroun’ an’ starve. I don’ know what to do. If a fella owns a team a horses, he don’t raise no hell if he got to feed ’em when they ain’t workin’. But if a fella got men workin’ for him, he jus’ don’t give a damn. Horses is a hell of a lot more worth than men. I don’ understan’ it.”

  “Gets so I don’ wanta think about it,” said Jule. “An’ I got to think about it. I got this here little girl. You know how purty she is. One week they give her a prize in this camp ’cause she’s so purty. Well, what’s gonna happen to her? She’s gettin’ spindly. I ain’t gonna stan’ it. She’s so purty. I’m gonna bust out.”

  “How?” Willie asked. “What you gonna do—steal some stuff an’ git in jail? Kill somebody an’ git hung?”

  “I don’ know,” said Jule. “Gits me nuts thinkin’ about it. Gets me clear nuts.”

  “I’m a-gonna miss them dances,” Tom said. “Them was some of the nicest dances I ever seen. Well, I’m gonna turn in. So long. I’ll be seein’ you someplace.” He shook hands.

  “Sure will,” said Jule.

  “Well, so long.” Tom moved away into the darkness.

  *

  In the darkness of the Joad tent Ruthie and Winfield lay on their mattress, and Ma lay beside them. Ruthie whispered, “Ma!”

  “Yeah? Ain’t you asleep yet?”

  “Ma—they gonna have croquet where we’re goin’?”

  “I don’ know. Get some sleep. We want to get an early start.”

  “Well, I wisht we’d stay here where we’re sure we got croquet.”

  “Sh!” said Ma.

  “Ma, Winfiel’ hit a kid tonight.”

  “He shouldn’ of.”