The New York Intellectuals (10th Anniversary Edition)

by Alan M Wald

  28. Ibid., p. 249.

  29. Ibid., p. 260.

  30. Ibid., p. 271.

  31. The biographical information on Norman Podhoretz is from Podhoretz’s Making It (New York: Random House, 1969).

  32. This transit is well documented in Louis Harap, “Commentary Moves to the Right,” Jewish Currents 25, no. 11 (December 1971): 4–9, 27–33, 35.

  33. See Paul Johnson, “The Race for South Africa,” Commentary 80, no. 3 (September 1985): 27–61, and Louis Wolf and Fred Clarkson, “Arnaud de Borchgrave Boards Moon’s Ship,” Covert Action 24 (Summer 1985): 34–35.

  34. Norman Podhoretz, “The Culture of Appeasement,” Harper’s (October 1977). See “Podhoretz’s Kulturkampf” in Inquiry, 21 November 1977, p. 4.

  35. See Christopher Hitchens’s analysis in “On ‘Anti-Semitism,’” Nation 235, no. 11 (9 October 1982): 325–26.

  36. See the critique by Theodore Draper, “The Revised Version,” New Republic 186, no. 30 (10 March 1982): 30–34.

  37. Podhoretz, Making It, p. 96.

  38. Norman Podhoretz, Breaking Ranks (Harper and Row, 1979), pp. 296–301.

  39. Ibid., p .363.

  40. See Kathleen Teltsch, “400 Intellectuals Form ‘Struggle for Freedom’ Unit,” New York Times, 19 February 1981, p. A19, and John S. Friedman, “Culture War II,” Nation 232, no. 15 (18 April 1981): 452–53.

  41. Norman Podhoretz, “New Sport: Ridiculing the Yuppies,” Los Angeles Times, 11 July 1985, pt. 2, p. 5.

  42. Midge Decter, “Liberalism and the Jews,” Commentary 69, no. 1 (January 1980): 31.

  43. Owen Harries, “A Primer for Polemicists,” ibid. 78, no. 3 (September 1984): 57–60.

  44. Gertrude Himmelfarb, “The University and Its Discontents,” in Our Country and Our Culture: A Conference of the Committee for the Free World, pp. 46–52 (New York: Orwell Press, 1983).

  45. See Nathan Glazer, Affirmative Discrimination: Ethnic Inequality and Public Policy (New York: Basic Books, 1973).

  46. See Paul L. Montgomery, “Criticism of Israel among U.S. Jews Seems to Be Rising,” New York Times, 15 July 1982, p. 10; advertisement, “A Call to Peace,” ibid., 4 July 1982, p. E7; and Nathan Glazer and Seymour Martin Lipset, “Israel Isn’t Threatened,” New York Times, 30 June 1982, p. A23.

  47. See Hilton Kramer, “The Blacklist and the Cold War,” New York Times, 3 October 1976, sec. 2, pp. 1, 16, 24, and ibid., 17 October 1976, sec. 2, pp. 12, 28.

  48. Hilton Kramer, “Professor Howe’s Prescriptions,” New Criterion 2, no. 8 (April 1984): 1–5. See the response by Robert Boyers, “The Neo-Con-servatives and the Culture,” Salmagundi, no. 66 (Winter-Spring 1985): 192–204. See also Pinsker, “Revisionism with Rancor,” pp. 243–61.

  49. The biographical information is based on the author’s interview with Alfred Kazin, May 1981, New York City.

  50. Alfred Kazin, “Saving My Soul at the Plaza,” New York Review of Books, 31 March 1983, p. 40.

  51. See the discussion of Lynn’s article in Mark Shechner, “Rhapsody in Red, White and Blue,” Nation 238, no. 24 (23 June 1984): 759–61.

  52. The biographical information is drawn from the author’s interview with Lionel Abel, May 1981, New York City. See also Lionel Abel, The Intellectual Follies (New York: Norton, 1984).

  53. See n. 24.

  54. Lionel Abel, “A Critic without a Country,” New Criterion 3, no. 2 (October 1984): 82.

  55. Geoffrey Sampson, “Censoring 20th Century Culture: The Case of Noam Chomsky,” New Criterion 3, no. 2 (October 1984): 7–16.

  56. Editorial, New Republic, 29 October 1984, p. 3.

  57. See Alan Wald, “A Trans-Atlantic Smear Campaign against Chomsky,” Guardian, 3 April 1985, p. 19; Noam Chomsky, “Chomsky’s Defense,” New Republic 191, no. 26 (24 December 1984): 2; Noam Chomsky, “Chomsky and 20th-Century Culture,” New Criterion 4, no. 1 (January 1985): 81–84; Alexander Cockburn, “Disgusting Case,” Nation 229, no. 21 (22 December 1984): 670–71; and Christopher Hitchens, “The Chorus and Cassandra,” Grand Street 5, no. 1 (Autumn 1985): 106–31.

  58. Committee for The Free World, “Report on Activities: The Committee for The Free World, September 1980–September 1981,” p. 2.

  59. Novak’s background is atypical for the New York intellectuals, but he was a New Leftist in the 1960s and is a neoconservative today. See the two-part essay by Peter Steinfels, “Michael Novak & his ultrasuper democrat-icapitalism,” Commonweal 110, no. 1 (14 January 1983): 11–16, and ibid. 110, no. 3 (11 February 1983): 79–85.

  60. This publication has referred to feminists as “ugly,” called liberal women faculty members “professorettes,” published without authorization the membership of the Gay Student Alliance, and carried an article on affirmative action allegedly in “Black English” under the title, “Dis Show Ain’t No Jive, Bro.” See David Kupferschmid, “Alternative Papers Turn Conservative,” Los Angeles Times, 27 December 1984, pp. 1, 18; Fran R. Schumer, “The New Right’s Campus Press,” Nation 234, no. 13 (3 April 1982): 395–401; Peter H. Stone, “The I.E.A.—Teaching the ‘Right’ Stuff,” ibid. 233, no. 8 (19 September 1981): 231–34.

  61. Jason Epstein, “The CIA and the Intellectuals,” New York Review of Books 8, no. 7 (20 April 1967): 16.

  62. Stone, “The I.E.A.—Teaching the ‘Right’ Stuff,” pp. 231–35.

  63. William Barrett, The Truants (New York: Doubleday, 1982), p. 237.

  64. Ibid., p. 197.

  65. Hilton Kramer, “Partisan Culture, Partisan Politics,” New York Times Book Review, 7 February 1982, pp. 32–33.

  EPILOGUE

  1. Noam Chomsky, American Power and the New Mandarins (New York: Vintage, 1967), p. 325.

  2. Hannah Arendt, unpublished lecture at the New School for Social Research, 1947 or 1948, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

  3. Daniel Aaron, “Edmund Wilson’s Political Decade,” in Literature at the Barricades, ed. Ralph Bogardus and Fred Hobson, p. 186 (University: University of Alabama Press, 1982).

  4. Raymond Williams, “Alignment and Commitment,” Marxism and Literature (New York: Oxford, 1977), pp. 199–205.

  5. Robert Tucker, ed., The Marx-Engels Reader (New York: Norton, 1978), p. 717.

  6. Philip Rahv, Essays on Literature and Politics, ed. Arabel J. Porter and Andrew J. Dvosin (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1978), pp. 341–45.

  7. Ibid., pp. 352–53.

  8. Mark Krupnick, “He Never Learned to Swim,” New Review (January 1976): 37.

  9. Ibid., p. 39.

  10. Rahv, Essays on Literature and Politics, pp. 335–40.

  11. Ibid., p. xii.

  12. Krupnick, “He Never Learned to Swim,” p. 38; Noam Chomsky to AW, 2 April 1986.

  13. For a more detailed analysis of the problems of socialist political commitment, see Alan Wald, “Marxism and Intellectuals: Towards a Critical Commitment,” Changes 6, nos. 11–12 (November–December 1984): 14–21.

  Index

  Aaron, Daniel, 368; “The Treachery of Recollection,” 14

  Abel, Lionel (born Abelson), 7, 11, 360–62, 418 (n. 75); biographical sketch, 361–62

  Abel, Sherry, 361

  Abern, Martin (born Abramowitz), 170, 171, 183; biographical sketch, 174–75

  Abstract expressionism, 218, 222

  Adler, Nathan, 76

  Adorno, Theodore, 95 “Adversary Culture,” 356

  Affirmative action, 258

  Afro-Americans, 15, 28, 48, 59, in, 195, 221, 330, 383 (n. 2)

  Agee, James: Let Us Now Praise Famous Men, 96

  Alienation, 233

  Allen, Devere, 130

  Alter, Robert, 30

  Altman, Jack, 109

  Americana, 301

  American Committee for Cultural Freedom, 218, 227, 267–68, 271–80 passim, 309–10, 352, 357, 361

  American Committee for the Defense of Leon Trotsky, 87, 128–39, 141, 157, 200, 215, 365

  American Enterprise Institute, 353, 363

  American Forum, 325, 326
>
  American Forum for Socialist Education, 325

  American Marxist Association, 153

  American Mercury, 32, 149

  American Socialist, 300

  American Workers Party, 3, 4, 62, 63, 89, 90, 102–6, 123, 173, 178, 294

  American Writers’ Congresses, 65, 79, 80, 81, 141

  Amter, Israel, 48

  Anarchism, 9

  Anderson, Sherwood, 58, 62, 78, 86; Winesburg, Ohio, 337

  Anti-Communism, 5, 11; definition, 6

  Anticommunism, 5, 11, 12; definition, 6

  Anti-Stalinism, 5–13 passim, 16, 21, 24, 27, 97, 121, 147–56, 157, 159, 275, 309–10, 366–67

  Anvil (edited by Jack Conroy), 81

  Anvil (published by the New York Student Federation Against War), 319

  A. Philip Randolph Institute, 328

  Appeal Group (Trotskyist faction of the Socialist Party), 17

  Arendt, Hannah, 7, 210, 361, 366–67; biographical sketch, 269; Origins of Totalitarianism, 269

  Arens, Egmont, 54

  Arvin, Newton, 58, 87

  Atlas, James, 9

  Austen, Jane, 40

  Babbitt, Irving, 86

  Baldwin, Roger, 104

  Baran, Paul, 328

  Barrett, William, 7, 365; The Truants, 18–20, 364–65

  Bazelon, David, 247

  Beals, Carleton, 136

  Beard, Charles, 29, 89, 154

  Beard, Mary, 29

  Beichman, Arnold, 5, 279–80

  Bell, Daniel, 7, 210, 224, 240, 273, 277, 315, 331, 351, 353, 359

  Bellow, Saul, 7, 11; Herzog, 67 “The Hell It Can’t,” 246; biographical sketch, 246–47; Dangling Man, 246–47; The Adventures of Augie March, 247; “The Mexican General,” 247

  Bellussi, Antonio, 104

  Benda, Julian: The Treason of the Intellectuals, 368, 372

  Benét, Stephen Vincent, 55

  Benjamin, Walter, 95, 221

  Berg, Louis, 33, 49, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 102, 104, 112

  Berger, Morroe, 312

  Bernstein, Edward, 121, 125

  Birnbaum, Norman, 9

  Birney, Earle, 302

  Blackmur, R. P., 209

  Blankfort, Michael, 72; A Time to Live, 408 (n. 25)

  Bleucher, Heinrich, 269, 410 (n. 8)

  Bloch, Peter (pseud. Trent Hutter), 303

  Bloom, Alexander: Prodigal Sons, 9–10

  Boas, Franz, 57, 213

  Bodenheim, Maxwell, 301

  Boggs, James: The American Revolution, 304; Racism and the Class Struggle, 304

  Borodin, Michael, 136

  Boudin, Louis, 116, 127

  Bourne, Randolph, 29–30, 36

  Branch, Edgar, 262

  Braverman, Harry (pseud. Harry Frankel): biographical sketch, 298; Labor and Monopoly Capital, 300, 335

  Breitman, George (pseud. Albert Parker), 302

  Brenner, Anita (pseud. Jean Mendez), 33, 49, 60, 61, 62, 63, 102, 104, 112

  Breton, André, 18, 131; “Manifesto for a Free Revolutionary Art,” 145–46

  Brooks, Van Wyck, 81, 240

  Browder, Earl, 58, 120, 123, 169, 172, 211, 394 (n. 59) Brown, Irving, 277

  Brown, Spencer, 303

  Buhle, Paul, 9

  Bukharin, Nikolai (and Bukharinism) 13, 20, 153–54, 269, 374

  Bureaucratic collectivism, 188–92

  Burke, Kenneth, 97

  Burnham, James (pseuds. John West, Kelvin), 4, 12, 14, 17, 20, 47, 48, 86, 87, 102, 105, 116, 117, 130, 146, 152, 153, 154, 156, 166, 183, 187, 189, 192, 200, 204, 255, 259, 274, 276, 277, 282, 285, 313, 319, 324, 368; “Lenin’s Heir,” 20, 190; Introduction to Philosophical Analysis, 176; biographical sketch, 176–82; “Marxism and Aesthetics,” 177; “Thirteen Propositions,” 177; “Intellectuals in Retreat,” 183, 280–81; The Managerial Revolution, 190, 205–6

  Burnham, Philip, 176

  Burnshaw, Stanley, 46

  Caldwell, Erskine, 58

  Calmer, Alan, 81

  Calverton, Victor Francis. See Goetz, George

  Cannon, James Patrick, 21, 53, 60, 102–12 passim, 123, 151, 164–92 passim, 204, 215, 253–57, 259, 298, 306, 307, 308, 309, 350, 400 (n. 10), 403 (n. 31); biographical sketch, 167–72, 308–9; view of World War II, 197–98

  Cannon, John, 169

  Cannon, Lista (born Makimson), 168, 170, 171

  Cantwell, Robert, 58, 80, 86

  Carr, E. H., 189

  Carter, Joseph. See Friedman, Joseph

  Cell Number Five of the Spartacus Youth League, 246

  Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 267, 277, 288, 351, 357, 363

  Challenge of Youth, 313

  Chamberlain, John, 61, 62, 156

  Chambers, Whittaker, 16, 38, 49, 52, 53, 148, 214, 215, 243, 248, 259; Witness, 357

  Chase, Stuart, 89

  Chiaromonte, Nicola, 210

  Chomsky, Noam, 362, 371

  Civil Rights Defense Committee, 249

  Clark, Eleanor, 40, 133, 191; The Bitter Box, 246, 248–49; biographical sketch, 248; Gloria Mundi, 248

  Clarke, George, 299; biographical sketch, 298

  Cochran, Bert (pseud. E. R. Frank), 299, 307, 309; biographical sketch, 298; Adlai Stevenson: Patrician Among Politicians, 300; Harry Truman and the Crisis Presidency, 300; Labor and Communism, 300

  Cohen, Elliot Ettleson (pseuds. Thomas Cotton, David Ernst), 37, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 47, 48, 52, 57, 58, 60, 61, 62, 63, 65–74 passim, 102, 103, 104, 111, 112, 259, 273, 276–77, 287, 289, 305, 317, 383 (n. 45); biographical sketch, 31–33; “An Elder of Zion,” 32; “Notes for a Modern History of the Jews,” 32; “The Age of Brass,” 46, 383 (n. 2); The Yellow Dog Contract, 57; “Stalin Buries the Revolution—Prematurely,” 110–11

  Cohen, Henry, 31

  Cohen, Jesse (pseuds. Joe Cohen, Carlo), 303

  Cohen, Mandel, 57

  Cohen, Morris, 51, 77

  Cohen, Rose (born Ettleson), 31

  Cohen, Stephen, 202

  Cold War, 8, 10, 149, 217, 311–12, 347

  Collier, Peter, 349

  Commentary, 7, 8, 12, 20, 34, 72, 111, 269, 276, 317, 318, 320, 321, 324, 330, 347, 351, 354–63 passim

  Commission of Inquiry into the Charges Against Leon Trotsky in the Moscow Trials, 65, 130–39 passim, 151, 248, 259; The Case of Leon Trotsky, 139; Not Guilty, 139

  Committee for the Free World, 357, 362, 363; supports Reagan’s policy in El Salvador, 7

  Common Sense, 140, 147

  Commonweal, 170

  Communist, 17, 59, 122

  Communist International (Comintern, Third International), 18, 50, 79, 80, 81, 112, 125, 143, 145, 150, 170, 182

  Communist Labor Party, 169, 174

  Communist League of America, 60, 102–7, 123, 171, 181, 298, 301

  Communist Party (Opposition), 102. See also Lovestone, Jay Communist Party (U.S.A.), 3, 4, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 20, 40, 43, 46, 47, 48, 50–74 passim, 76–97 passim, 101–6 passim, 111–12, 113, 122, 140, 141, 142, 147, 151, 152, 153, 163, 165, 167, 168, 170, 177, 182, 194, 195–96, 211, 214, 220, 227, 260, 271, 274, 299, 311, 325, 326, 340, 341, 367

  Congress for Cultural Freedom, 277, 351, 357, 363

  Conroy, Jack, 80, 81; The Disinherited, 96

  Contemporary Jewish Record, 34

  Converse, Gilbert C., 61

  Corey, Lewis (born Louis Fraina), 11, 58, 59, 112, 127, 271–72, 259, 367

  Correspondence, 304

  Coser, Lewis (pseuds. Louis Clair, Europicus), 153, 206, 210, 331; biographical sketch, 323–24

  Council communism, 13

  Cowley, Malcolm, 56, 58, 81, 97, 129, 132, 140

  Craipeau, Yvan, 187

  Croly, Herbert, 29; The Promise of American Life, 89

  Cuba (and the Cuban Revolution), 191, 296, 308, 329, 340, 345, 354

  Cullen, Countee, 58

  Cultural pluralism, 27–45 passim

  Daily Worker, 47, 48, 59, 77, 97, 112, 175, 279, 326

  Dana, H. W. L., 58

  Dartmouth Re
view, 363, 421 (n. 60)

  Darwin, Charles, 116

  Davis, Frank, 65

  Debs, Eugene V., 360

  Decter, Midge (born Rosenthal), 7, 20, 330, 357–58, 359; biographical sketch, 357; Liberal Parents, Radical Children, 357; The Liberated Woman and Other Americans, 357; The New Chastity and Other Arguments Against Women’s Liberation, 357

  Decter, Moshe, 274, 357; McCarthy and the Communists, 272–73

  Dell, Floyd, 14, 57

  Democratic Socialists of America (formerly Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee), 289, 295, 328

  De Silver, Margaret, 40, 61, 109, 131, 133, 138

  Deutscher, Isaac, 27–28, 189, 299, 328, 349; “The Non-Jewish Jew” 27–28

  Dewey, John, 29, 48, 51, 80, 89, 114, 121–22, 124, 126, 130, 131, 132, 136, 147, 213, 251, 282, 307; Art as Experience, 228

  Dewey Commission. See Commission of Inquiry into the Charges Against Leon Trotsky in the Moscow Trials

  Diamond, Martin (pseud. Martin Eden), 282, 283, 312

  Dissent, 7, 12, 217, 276, 287, 312, 323–34, 339

  Dobbs, Farrell, 104

  Dos Passos, John, 46, 57, 58, 61, 63, 68, 86, 249, 337; U.S.A., 96

  Dostoyevski, Feodor, 40, 69, 209

  Douglas, Ann, 262

  Draper, Hal, 322; biographical sketch, 181; Karl Marx’s Theory of Revolution, 304

  Draper, Theodore, 187

  Dreiser, Theodore, 56, 57, 62, 78, 132, 337

  Dubinsky, David, 6, 109, 135, 279

  Dunayevskaya, Raya (pseud. Freddie Forrest), 319; Marxism and Freedom, 304; Philosophy and Revolution, 304

  Dunne, William F., 168

  Dunne brothers, 151

  Dupee, F. W., 88, 91, 96, 140, 163, 218, 273; biographical sketch, 85–87

  Duranty, Walter, 130

  Eagleton, Terry, 299–300

  Eastman, Daniel, 114, 180–81

  Eastman, Eliena (born Krylenko), 114

  Eastman, Max, 7, 11, 12, 14, 51, 62, 68, 74, 120, 123, 125–26, 131, 148, 154–56, 160, 161, 170, 176, 179, 206, 259, 273, 324, 367; Venture, 67–68; biographical sketch, 112–18; Leon Trotsky: Portrait of a Youth, 113; Since Lenin Died, 113, 114; History of the Russian Revolution, 114; The Real Situation in Russia, 114; Artists in Uniform, 114, 118, 154–55; The Last Stand of Dialectical Materialism, 115–16; Marxism: Is It a Science?, 115–16, 155; Marx, Lenin and the Science of Revolution, 115–16, 155; “The End of Socialism in Russia,” 155; Stalin’s Russia and the Crisis in Socialism, 155