10 Herbert Romerstein and Eric Breindel, The Venona Secrets: Exposing Soviet Espionage and America’s Traitors (Washington: Regnery, 2000), 257, 266, 277.
11 Sudoplatov, Special Tasks, 175–176.
12 Sudoplatov, Special Tasks, 194.
13 Sudoplatov, Special Tasks, 186–187.
14 Sudoplatov, Special Tasks, 184.
CHAPTER FIVE – DISINFORMATION: THE ORIGINAL FAKE NEWS
1 As in previous chapters on the Oppenheimer case, unless otherwise noted, all material in this chapter can be found in Pavel Sudoplatov’s Special Tasks.
2 Sudoplatov, Special Tasks, 177.
3 Christopher Andrew and Vasili Mitrokhin, The Sword and the Shield: The Mitrokhin Archive and the Secret History of the KGB (New York: Basic Books, 1999).
4 John Earl Haynes, Harvey Klehr, and Alexander Vassiliev, Spies: The Rise and Fall of the KGB in America (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009), 56–57. There are many references to Kheifetz and to the nonrecruitment of Oppenheimer in several books based on Vassiliev’s documents.
5 Sudoplatov, Special Tasks, 197, 214, 218.
6 Andrew and Mitrokhin, The Mitrokhin Archive, 107–108, 122–124. The information on Zarubin’s awards is attributed to Samolis (ed.), Veterany Vneshnei Razvedki Rosii [Veterans of Russian Foreign Intelligence], 53–55, not to Mitrokhin.
7 Haynes, Klehr, and Vassiliev, Spies, 529–530.
8 Sudoplatov, Special Tasks, 197.
9 Jerrold and Leona Schecter, Sacred Secrets: How Soviet Intelligence Operations Changed American History (Washington: Brassey’s, 2002), 81–82.
10 Andrew and Mitrokhin, The Mitrokhin Archive, 123–124.
11 Sudoplatov, Special Tasks, 197.
12 Haynes, Klehr, and Vassiliev, Spies, 52.
13 Jerrold and Leona Schecter, Sacred Secrets, 315–317.
14 Sudoplatov, Special Tasks, 197.
15 The author has the original letter.
16 Herbert Romerstein and Eric Breindel, The Venona Secrets: Exposing Soviet Espionage and America’s Traitors. (Washington: Regnery, 2000) 15–17
17 Christopher Andrew and Oleg Gordievsky, KGB: The Inside Story of Its Foreign Operations from Lenin to Gorbachev, (New York: HarperCollins, 1990), 287-288 and passim.
“DEVELOPING THE SECRET INK”
p. 3 The “Walker Note” – Commission Ex. 1: Unsigned note to Marina Oswald, in Hearings Before the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, 88th Cong. 16:1 (1964), accessed September 14, 2020, www.govinfo.gov/features/warren-commission-report-and-hearings.
p. 5 Photocopy of Oswald’s Nov. 9, 1963, Letter – Commission Ex. 15: Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the Russian Embassy, November 9, 1963, in Hearings Before the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, 88th Cong. 16:33 (1964), accessed September 14, 2020, www.govinfo.gov/features/warren-commission-report-and-hearings.
p. 5 Draft of the Same Letter Found in Ruth Paine’s Garage – Commission Ex. 103: Draft of letter written by Lee Harvey Oswald to the Russian Embassy, in Hearings Before the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, 88th Cong. 16:443 (1964), accessed September 14, 2020, www.govinfo.gov/features/warren-commission-report-and-hearings.
p. 6 Esta Semana Cover & Photocopy – Commission Ex. 2486: Photos of pamphlet entitled This Week—Esta Semana, for the week September 28–October 4, 1963, in Hearings Before the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, 88th Cong. 25:683, 685 (1964), accessed September 14, 2020, www.govinfo.gov/features/warren-commission-report-and-hearings.
p. 6 Oswald’s Letter – Commission Ex. 15: Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the Russian Embassy, November 9, 1963, in Hearings Before the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, 88th Cong. 16:33 (1964), accessed September 14, 2020, www.govinfo.gov/features/warren-commission-report-and-hearings.
p. 7 Letter Translation – Report of the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy (Warren Commission Report), 88th Cong. 309-311 (1964), accessed September 14, 2020, www.govinfo. gov/features/warren-commission-report-and-hearings, U.S. Government Publishing Office, September 14, 2020.
p. 8 Photocopy of Oswald’s Address Book – Commission Ex. 18: Address book of Lee Harvey Oswald, in Hearings Before the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, 88th Cong. 16:53 (1964), accessed September 14, 2020, www.govinfo.gov/features/warren-commission-report-and-hearings.
p. 8 U.S. Secret Service Report – Commission Ex. 1143: Excerpt from Secret Service Report, August 28, 1964, in Hearings Before the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, 88th Cong. 22:153 (1964), accessed September 14, 2020, www.govinfo.gov/features/warren-commission-report-and-hearings.
p. 9 Photocopy of Russian Book – Commission Ex. 1971: “Book of Useful Advice,” in Russian, in Hearings Before the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, 88th Cong. 23:828 (1964), accessed September 14, 2020, www.govinfo.gov/features/warren-commission-report-and-hearings.
p. 10 Marina’s Letter to the Russian Embassy – Commission Ex. 12: Undated letter from Marina Oswald to the Russian Embassy, in Hearings Before the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, 88th Cong. 16:25 (1964), accessed September 14, 2020, www.govinfo.gov/features/warren-commission-report-and-hearings.
p. 10 Lee Harvey Oswald’s Letter to the Russian Embassy – Commission Ex. 13: Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the Russian Embassy, July 1, 1963, in Hearings Before the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, 88th Cong. 16:30 (1964), accessed September 14, 2020, www.govinfo.gov/features/warren-commission-report-and-hearings. p. 11 Translation of Marina’s Letter – Commission Ex. 12: Undated letter from Marina Oswald to the Russian Embassy, in Hearings Before the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, 88th Cong. 16:26, 28 (1964), accessed September 14, 2020, www.govinfo.gov/features/warren-commission-report-and-hearings.
p. 12 Photocopies of Oswald’s “Historic Diary” – Commission Ex. 24: Lee Harvey Oswald’s “Historic Diary,” in Hearings Before the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, 88th Cong. 16:94-95 (1964), accessed September 14, 2020, www.govinfo.gov/features/warren-commission-report-and-hearings.
p. 13 Photocopies of Oswald’s Letters – Commission Ex. 252: Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the American Embassy in Moscow, May 1961, in Hearings Before the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, 88th Cong. 16:705-06 (1964), accessed September 14, 2020, www.govinfo.gov/features/warren-commission-report-and-hearings.
p. 14 Photocopies of Oswald’s Letters to His Brother – Commission Ex. 298: Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, May 5, 1961, in Hearings Before the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, 88th Cong. 16:826 (1964), accessed September 14, 2020, www.govinfo.gov/features/warren-commission-report-and-hearings.
p. 15 Photocopy of Oswald’s Photograph – Commission Ex. 133-A: Photograph of Lee Harvey Oswald holding a rifle, May 5, 1961, in Hearings Before the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, 88th Cong. 16:510 (1964), accessed September 14, 2020, www.govinfo.gov/features/warren-commission-report-and-hearings.
p. 15 Back of Oswald’s Photograph – Ex. 133-A DEM: Reverse of photograph of Lee Harvey Oswald holding a rifle, in Appendix to Hearings Before the Select Committee on Assassinations of the U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Cong. 6:151 (1979), accessed September 14, 2020, https://history-matters.com/archive/contents/hsca/contents_hsca_vol6.htm.
p. 16 De Mohrenschildt Manuscript – Manuscript by George de Mohrenschildt, in Appendix to Hearings Before the Select Committee on Assassinations of the U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Cong. 12:255-56 (1979), accessed September 14, 2020, https://history-matters.com/archive/contents/hsca/contents_hsca_vol6.htm.
p. 17 Title Page of Joesten/PGU
Book – Joachim Joesten, Oswald: Assassin Or Fall Guy? (New York: Marzani & Munsell, 1964), 2.
p. 18 Joesten’s Dedication Page – Joachim Joesten, Oswald: Assassin Or Fall Guy? (New York: Marzani & Munsell, 1964), 3.
p. 19 Dear Mr. Hunt Letter – Ex. 47: Handwritten letter to Mr. Hunt, in Appendix to Hearings Before the Select Committee on Assassinations of the U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Cong. 8:357 (1979), accessed September 14, 2020, https://history-matters.com/archive/contents/hsca/contents_hsca_vol6.htm. p. 20 Photocopy of De Mohrenschildt’s Manuscript – Manuscript by George de Mohrenschildt, in Appendix to Hearings Before the Select Committee on Assassinations of the U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Cong. 12:204 (1979), accessed September 14, 2020, https://history-matters.com/archive/contents/hsca/contents_hsca_vol6.htm.
CHAPTER SIX – THE KILLING OF PRESIDENT KENNEDY
1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev
2 Literaturnaya Gazeta, February 24, 1988, cited in Andrew and Gordievsky, p. 424.
3 Nikita Khrushchev, Khrushchev Remembers, translated and edited by Strobe Talbot (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1970), P. 337. (This is the first volume of Khrushchev’s memoirs and will henceforth be referred to as Khrushchev I.)
4 Andrew and Gordievsky, p. 424.
5 Ion Mihai Pacepa, Programmed to Kill, (Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2007).
6 John Barron, KGB: The Secret Work of Soviet Secret Agents (New York: Reader’s Digest Books, 1974, reprinted by Bamtam Books), p. 429.
7 The Kremlin’s disinformation operation, codenamed Dragon, was described in my book Programmed to Kill: Moscow’s Responsibility for Lee Harvey Oswald’s Assassination of President John Fitzgerald Kennedy. In 2010, this book was presented at the Organization of American Historians conference with a review by Prof. Stan Weber (McNeese State University), describing it as “a superb new paradigmatic work on the death of President Kennedy” and a “must read for everyone interested in the assassination,” from the “most casual reader to the serious student preparing his or her own magnum opus.”
8 Stan Weber, “A New Paradigmatic Work on the JFK Assassination,” H-Net Online, October 2009, http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=25348. In 2010, Pacepa’s book Programmed to Kill was presented at the Organization of American Historians conference. Prof. Stan Weber (McNeese State University) described it as a “must read for everyone interested in the assassination.”
9 WC Report, pp. 183–187.
10 WCE 1.
11 WC Vol. 1, p. 17.
12 WC Report, p. 183.
13 Warren Commission Exhibit 2486.
14 Testimony of Ruth Hyde Paine, Warren Commission Vol. 3, pp. 12–13.
15 Warren Commission Exhibit 1400.
16 Priscilla Johnson McMillan, Marina and Lee (New York: Harper & Row, 1977), p. 496.
17 Edward Jay Epstein, Legend: The Secret World of Lee Harvey Oswald (New York: Reader’s Digest Press), p. 16.
18 George J. Church, “Crawling with Bugs,” Time, April 20, 1987, pp. 14–24.
19 Molly Moore and David B. Ottaway, “2nd Ranking Embassy Marine A Suspect in Security Breach,” The Washington Post, April 1, 1987, pp. A1, A19.
20 Kritika Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 14(2):279-312, as published in http://www.researchgate.net/publication/270617204_Khrushchev%27s_Second_First_Secretaries_Career_Trajectories_after_the_Unification_of_Oblast_Party_Organizations
CHAPTER SEVEN – GHEORGHIU-DEJ, CEAUSESCU, AND “RADU”
1 Vladimir Kuzichkin, Inside the KGB: My Life in Soviet Espionage (New York: Pantheon Books, 1990), pp. 215–218.
2 For details on General Militaru’s recruitment by Soviet intelligence see Pacepa, Red Horizons, pp.193–5 and 201–2.
3 Der Spiegel, November 9, 1987, p. 186
4 Dumitru Mazilu, “Revolutia Furata (“The Stolen Revolution”), serialized in Lumea Libera (New York), July 27, 1991, p. 9
5 Vladimir Tismaneanu, Reinventing Politics: Eastern Europe from Stalin to Havel (New York: The Free Press, 1992), p. 234.
6 Andrei Codrescu, The Hole in the Flag: A Romanian Exile’s Story of Return and Revolution (New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc., 1991), pp. 47–8.
7 “Ion Iliescu: Romania’s ex-leader charged with crimes against humanity,” World Justice News, April 20, 2019.
CHAPTER EIGHT – THE GLASNOST SWINDLE
1 Zhores Medvedev, Gorbachev (New York: Norton, 1987), p. 37.
2 Vladimir Solovyov and Elena Klepikova, Behind the High Kremlin’s Wall. (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1987), pp. 173–6.
3 Christian Schmidt-Häuer, Gorbachev: The Path to Power (London: I. B. Tauris, 1987), p. 64.
4 Tolkovyy SlovarRusskogo Yazyka (Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language), ed. D.N. Ushakov (Moscow: “Soviet Encyclopedia” State Institute, 1935), Vol. I, p. 570.
5 GLASNOST: Dostupnost obshchestvennomy obsuzhdeniyu, kontrolyu; publichnost (meaning, the quality of being made available for public discussion or control), Tolkovyy SlovarRusskogo Yazyka (Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language), ed. D.N. Ushakov (Moscow: “Soviet Encyclopedia” State Institute, 1935), Vol. I, p. 570.
6 Sam Marcy, “The collapse of the USSR and the destiny of socialism,” [email protected], pp. 12–13.
7 Cal Thomas, “20/20 hindsight and insight,” The Washington Times, March 24, 2002, internet edition.
8 David Wise, “Closing Down the KGB,” The New York Times Magazine, November 24, 1991, pp. 68, 71.
9 Uri Dan and Leo Standora, “KGB claims it has no record on Rosenbergs,” The New York Post, November 25, 1991, p. 1.
10 (State Security Organs), internet, fsb.ru/history/organi, p. 2.
11 (State Security Organs), internet, fsb.ru/history/organi, p. 2.
12 Natalia Gevorkian, “Revanchism in the Security Forces,” Crossroads: A Monitor of Post-Soviet Reform, March 15, 1993, p.4.
13 “Russian successor to KGB gains extensive powers, alarming right activists,” The Baltimore Sun, April 7, 1995, p. 6A.
14 John Lloyd, “The Russian Devolution,” The New York Times Magazine, August 15, 1999, p. 38.
15 Richard Lourie, “Who Stole Russia?” The Washington Post Book World, October 15, 2000, p. 3.
16 “Could it lead to fascisms?” The Economist, July 11, 1998, U.S. edition, p. 19.
17 Yevgenia Albats, The KGB: The State Within a State (New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 1994), pp.23.
18 Yevgenia Albats, “Democratic Façade in Russia,” The Washington Post, June 6, 2000, p. B7.
19 “The Perils of Catching Cold,” Time, December 1997, p. 38, Internet Edition, geocities.com/CapitolHill/Lobby/9802/yelt1.
20 “Can the crisis end in a coup?” Moscow, the Nezavisimaya Gazyeta, July 7, 1998, p. 1.
21 Barry Renfrew, “Boris Yeltsin Resigns,” The Washington Post, December 31, 1999, 6:48 a.m.
22 The Drudge Report, December 31, 1999, 11:00 a.m. UTC.
23 Robert Amsterdam, Obama and McCain Fumble Russian Debate, October 9, 2008 http://www.robertamsterdam.com/2008/10/obama_and_mccain_both_fumble_r.htm.
24 “Russians tune up for Soviet-style start of the New Year,” AFP, Moscow, December 31, 2000, internet edition.
CHAPTER NINE – AS RUSSIAN AS THE BALALAIKA
1 “Clan of FSB Provide a ‘Foundation’ for the Putin Regime,” Novaya Gazeta, June 2003, republished by Center for the Future of Russia.
2 “The Return of the KGB,” Center for the Future of Russia, March 23, 2003, p. 1.
3 Michael R. Gordon, “Putin, in a Rare Interview, Says He’ll Use Ex-K.G.B. Aides to Root Out Graft,” The New York Times, March 24, 2000, internet edition, p. 2.
4 http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB121824156547126077
5 Douglas J. Brown, “Chekists Around the World Celebrate 9/11,” NewsMax.com, September 19, 2002, published in www.newsmax.com/archives/articles/2002/18/170000.shtml.
6 http://spectator.org/archives/2009/06/26/an-open-letter-to-the-psdrn-ge<
br />
7 http://www.cnbc.com/id/101852656
8 http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB121824156547126077
9 http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/putin-changes-course-admits-russian-troops-were-in-crimea-before-vote/2014/04/17/b3300a54-c617-11e3-bf7a-be01a9b69cf1_story.html
10 http://www.cnbc.com/id/101852656
11 Julius Strauss, “False teeth for children of Stalin’s victims,” The Age, January 29, 2003, published on the internet at www.theage.comau/articles/2003/01/28/1043534055349.html.
12 “What happened to Kursk,” www.aeronautics.ru., synopsis.
13 “Russian Elite’s Old Reflexes,” Izvestiya, August 18, 2000, p. 1.
14 “Kursk Submarine Disaster: Russian Elite Scored, Democracy Tested,” www.usinfo.state.gov-admin/005.
15 “Sub’s Crew Are Victims Of Putin’s Misplaced Pride,” Daily Express, lead editorial, August 18, 2000.
16 Journey for Our Time: The Russian Journals of the Marquis de Custine, edited and translated by Phyllis Penn Kohler. (Washington, D.C.: 1987), Gateway Editions, p. 171.
17 “Chernobyl—the accident,” internet, www.bellona.no/12663.
18 Graham Young, “Chernobyl: The Disaster and its Legacy,” internet, www.geocities.com/graham-young-uk/Chernobyl.html., chapter on environmental and health implications.
19 Joe Topino, “Putin could be world’s richest man with stolen 200 Billion fortune,” New York Post, February 16, 2015.
20 “Putin offers sympathy and support for US,” Radio Free Europe Newsline, September 12, 2001, internet edition.
21 Oleg Kalugin, The First Directorate: My 32 Years in Intelligence and Espionage Against the West (New York: St. Martins Press, 1994).
22 Leonid Berres, “Oleg Kalugin to Be Tried in Absentia,” trans. Vitaly Baskakov, Kommersant, June 5, 2002, p.1
23 http://spectator.org/archives/2009/06/26/an-open-letter-to-the-psdrn-ge
24 “Defector: Putin’s KGB trained Top al-Qaeda Terrorist,” written by staff, The New American, August 8, 2006, http://www.thenewamerican.com/world-news/europe/item/15162-defector-putin-s-kgb-trained-top-al-qaeda-terrorists.
Operation Dragon Page 19
