61. Norman Ornstein, “Ending the Permanent Campaign,” The Nation, August 12, 2010.
62. Michelle Goldberg, “Democrats Should Embrace Impeachment,” New York Times, October 23, 2017.
63. “32% Favor Bush Impeachment,” Rasmussen Reports, December 15, 2005.
64. USA Today, “As You May Know, Impeachment Is the First Step…?” Gallup/USA Today Poll Question 14 of 85, July 6, 2007. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University, Roper Center for Public Opinion Research, iPOLL.
65. David D. Kirkpatrick, “Call for Censure Is Rallying Cry to Bush’s Base,” New York Times, March 16, 2006.
66. Editorial, “The Impeachment Agenda,” Wall Street Journal, March 15, 2006.
67. Kirkpatrick, “Call for Censure.”
68. Kirkpatrick, “Call for Censure.”
69. Charles Babington, “Democrats Won’t Try to Impeach President,” Washington Post, May 12, 2006.
70. Susan Ferrechio, “Pelosi: Bush Impeachment ‘Off the Table’,” New York Times, November 8, 2006.
71. Susan Milligan, “Democrats Scuttle Proposal to Impeach Bush,” Boston Globe, June 12, 2008.
72. Carl Hulse, “The Why-Haven’t-You-Impeached-the-President-Tour,” New York Times, August 15, 2008.
73. Jon Greenberg, “It’s True: Donald Trump Once Supported Impeaching George W. Bush,” Politifact, February 16, 2016.
74. Catalina Camia, “Sen. Coburn: Obama ‘Perilously Close’ to Impeachment,” USA Today, August 23, 2013.
75. Ruth Tam, “Rep. Farenthold Say House Could Impeach Obama,” Washington Post, August 12, 2013.
76. “Chaffetz Doesn’t Rule Out Impeachment for Obama,” CNN, May 14, 2013.
77. Mollie Reilly, “GOP Congressman Suggests Obama Could Be Impeached over Health Care Delays, Immigration,” Huffington Post, March 12, 2014.
78. Rachel Weiner, “Rep. Steve Stockman Threatens to Impeach Obama over Guns,” Washington Post, January 15, 2013.
79. Aaron Blake, “GOP Congressman: Impeaching Obama Would Be a ‘Dream Come True’,” Washington Post, August 21, 2013.
80. Jonathan Easley, “Bachmann: House Could Impeach ‘Dictator’ Obama for His Offenses,” The Hill, October 9, 2013.
81. “Judge Jeanine to Obama: ‘You Have Defrauded the American People’,” Fox News, May 4, 2014.
82. Sarah Palin, “Exclusive—Sarah Palin: ‘It’s Time to Impeach’ President Obama,” Breitbart, July 8, 2014.
83. Andrew McCarthy, Faithless Execution: Building the Political Case for Obama’s Impeachment (New York: Encounter Books, 2014), 6.
84. Peter Moore, “One Third of Americans Want to Impeach Obama,” YouGov, July 14, 2014; Paul Steinhauser, “CNN/ORC Poll: Majority Say No to Impeachment and Lawsuit,” CNN, July 25, 2014; Philip Bump, “One-Third of Americans Support Impeaching Obama; One-fifth Don’t understand “Impeachment’,” Washington Post, July 25, 2014.
85. Nick Corasaniti, “Impeachment, on GOP Lips, Animates Democrats’ Base,” New York Times, July 29, 2014.
86. Lauren Carroll and Steve Contorno, “Republicans Are Trying to Impeach Obama, Civil Rights Group Says,” Politifact, October 30, 2014.
87. David A. Graham, “21 Emails From the Democratic Party About Impeachment,” The Atlantic, July 30, 2014.
88. Neil Irwin, “Impeachment Julep,” New York Times, August 1, 2014.
89. Darren Samuelsohn, “Could Trump Be Impeached Shortly After He Takes Office?,” Politico, April 16, 2016.
90. Mike DeBonis, “Republicans Are Discussing Their Plans for President Clinton—Starting with Impeachment,” Washington Post, November 3, 2016.
91. Ed Kilgore, “If Clinton Wins, Get Ready for Another Impeachment,” New York, November 3, 2016; Editorial, “Donald Trump’s Impeachment Threat,” New York Times, November 3, 2016.
92. DeBonis, “Republicans Are Discussing Their Plans for President Clinton.”
93. Laurence H. Tribe, “Donald Trump Will Violate the US Constitution on Inauguration Day,” The Guardian December 19, 2016.
94. See, e.g., Emily Jane Fox, “The Evidence to Impeach Donald Trump May Already Be Here,” Vanity Fair, December 20, 2016; Robert Kuttner, “Impeaching Trump,” Huffington Post, January 1, 2017.
95. Jay Willis, “How to Impeach a U.S. President (Say, Donald Trump), Explained,” GQ January 20, 2017.
96. Ricki Harris, “If You’re Going to Bet on Trump’s Impeachment, Now Is a Good Time to Do It,” Esquire, January 20, 2017.
97. Carrie Dann, “Poll: Just 35% of Americans Indicate They Would Vote for Trump in 2020,” NBC News, December 20, 2017.
98. Celeste Katz, “Donald Trump Is an ‘Idiot’ and a ‘Liar,’ Americans Say in New Poll,” Newsweek, December 12, 2017.
99. Jessica Kwong, “Will Trump Be Impeached in 2018? Here’s What the Odds Say,” Newsweek, December 22, 2017.
100. Masha Gessen, “One Year After Trump’s Election, Revisiting ‘Autocracy: Rules for Survival,’” New Yorker, November 8, 2017.
101. “GOP Tax Plan Benefits Rich, U.S. Voters Say Almost 3–1, Quinnipiac University National Poll Finds; Trump Job Approval Stuck at 35 Percent,” Quinnipac University Poll, December 5, 2017.
102. Donald Trump (@realDonaldTrump), Twitter (Jan. 2, 2018, 7:49 PM).
103. Tim Marcin, “Trump Eats McDonald’s Because He’s Afraid of Being Poisoned Elsewhere,” Newsweek, January 3, 2018.
104. Klein, “The Case for Normalizing Impeachment.”
105. Laura Koran et al., “US Science Envoy Steps Down, Spells Out “Impeach” In Resignation Letter,” CNN, August 24, 2017.
106. Donald Trump (@realDonaldTrump), Twitter (Oct. 27, 2017, 6:58 AM).
107. Niall Stanage, “The Memo: Impeachment Fervor Fuels Dem Tensions,” The Hill, December 22, 2017.
108. Abigail Tracy, “Will Impeachment Mania Doom the Democrats?,” Vanity Fair, November 1, 2017.
109. Heather Caygle, “Pelosi Moves to Muzzle Trump Impeachment Talk,” Politico, November 1, 2017.
110. Sam Stein, “Chuck Schumer to Dems: Chill out with the Donald Trump Impeachment Talk,” The Daily Beast, November 10, 2017.
CHAPTER 6: IMPEACHMENT, INCAPACITY, AND BROKEN POLITICS
1. Pew Research Center, The Partisan Divide on Political Values Grows Even Wider, Pew Research Center, October 5, 2017.
2. Pew Research Center, Partisanship and Political Animosity in 2016, Pew Research Center, June 22, 2017.
3. Bill Bishop, The Big Sort: Why the Clustering of Like-Minded America Is Tearing Us Apart (Boston: Mariner Books, 2009), 5.
4. Sunstein, #Republic, 10.
5. Ross Douthat, “The Swine of Conservatism,” New York Times, November 11, 2017.
6. Paul Harris, “One in Four Americans Think Obama May Be the Antichrist, Survey Says,” The Guardian, April 2, 2013.
7. Charles J. Sykes, “Charlie Sykes on Where the Right Went Wrong,” New York Times, December 15, 2016.
8. Lee Drutman, “We Need Political Parties. But Their Rabid Partisanship Could Destroy American Democracy,” Vox, September 5, 2017.
9. Charles E. Cook Jr., “The Urgent Need to Repair Our Broken Politics,” Cook Political. Report, September 15, 2017.
10. Sunstein, #Republic, 122–124.
11. Maeve Duggan and Aaron Smith, The Political Environment on Social Media, Pew Research Center, October 25, 2016.
12. Craig Silverman, “This Analysis Shows How Viral Fake Election News Stories Outperformed Real News on Facebook,” BuzzFeed, November 16, 2016.
13. Sunstein, #Republic, 3.
14. Jonathan Haidt and Sam Abrams, “The Top 10 Reasons American Politics Are So Broken,” Washington. Post, January 7, 2015.
15. Tim Dickinson, “How Roger Ailes Built the Fox News Fear Factory,” Rolling Stone, May 25, 2011.
16. Thomas E. Mann and Norman J. Ornstein, It’s Even Worse Than It Looks: How the American Constitutional System Collided with the New Politics of Extremism (New York: Basic Books, 2012), 44.
17. See, e.g., Jordan
Ellenberg, “How Computers Turned Gerrymandering into a Science,” New York Times, October 6, 2017.
18. Pew Research Center, Political Polarization in the American Public: Political Engagement and Activism, Pew Research Center, June 12, 2014.
19. Darrell M. West, “Broken Politics,” Issues in Governance Studies, no. 33, Brookings Institution, March 2010.
20. Mann and Ornstein, It’s Even Worse Than It Looks, 50.
21. David Fontana, “The Geography of Campaign Finance Law,” 90 Southern California Law Review 90 1247, 1249 (2017).
22. Jonathan Rauch, “How American Politics Went Insane,” Atlantic Monthly, July/August 2016.
23. Heather K. Gerken, “The Real Problem with Citizens United: Campaign Finance, Dark Money, and Shadow Parties,” Marquette Lawyer, Summer 2014.
24. Glenn Kessler, “When Did McConnell Say He Wanted to Make Obama a ‘One-Term President’?” Washington Post, September 25, 2012.
25. Drutman, “We Need Political Parties. But Their Rabid Partisanship Could Destroy American Democracy.”
26. Roberto Foa and Yascha Mounk, “Are Americans Losing Faith in Democracy?” Vox, December 18, 2015.
27. Nathaniel Persily and Jon Cohen, “Americans Are Losing Faith in Democracy––and in Each Other,” Washington Post, October 14, 2016.
28. Hannah Fingerhut, Deep Racial, Partisan Divisions in Americans’ Views of Police Officers, Pew Research Center, September 15, 2017; Rich Morin and Renee Stepler, The Racial Confidence Gap in Police Performance, Pew Research Center, September 29, 2016.
29. Art Swift, “Americans’ Trust in Mass Media Sinks to New Low,” Gallup News, September 14, 2016.
30. Art Swift, “Democrats’ Confidence in Mass Media Rises Sharply from 2016,” Gallup News, September 21, 2017.
31. Daniel T. Rodgers, Age of Fracture (Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2012).
32. Kurt Andersen, Fantasyland: How America Went Haywire: A 500-Year History (New York: Random House, 2017), 5.
33. Ibid., 11.
34. Ibid., 425.
35. Sykes, “Charlie Sykes on Where the Right Went Wrong.”
36. David Roberts, “Donald Trump Is the Sole Reliable Source of Truth, Says Chair of House Science Committee,” Vox, January 27, 2017.
37. Masha Gessen, “The Putin Paradigm,” New York Review of Books, December 13, 2016.
38. Alexander Hamilton, Enclosure: Objections and Answers Respecting the Administration (August 18, 1792).
39. Timothy Snyder, On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century (New York: Tim Duggan Books, 2017), 65.
40. Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1973), 382.
41. Angel Au-Yeung, “Billionaire ‘Doubling Down’: Commits $20 Million to Trump Impeachment Campaign,” Forbes, November 9, 2017.
42. Abby Ohlheiser, “The Creator of Godwin’s Law Explains Why Some Nazi Comparisons Don’t Break His Famous Internet Rule,” Washington Post, August 14, 2017.
43. “Full Text of John McCain’s Senate Floor Speech: ‘Let’s Return to Regular Order,’” USA Today, July 25, 2017.
44. Norm Ornstein, “Let’s Be Realistic: The Senate Is Almost as Broken as the House,” Atlantic Monthly, June 27, 2013.
45. Michael M. Grynbaum, “Trump Calls the News Media the ‘Enemy of the American People’,” New York Times, February 17, 2017; Amy B. Wang, “Trump Lashes Out at ‘So-called Judge’ Who Temporarily Blocked Travel Ban,” Washington Post, February 4, 2017.
46. David Frum, “How to Build an Autocracy,” Atlantic Monthly, March 2017. See also David Frum, Trumpocracy (New York: Harper Collins 2015), 235.
47. Dexter Filkins, “Rex Tillerson at the Breaking Point,” The New Yorker, October 16, 2017.
48. Tina Nguyen, “An ‘Idiot’ and a ‘Dope’: McMaster Reportedly Unloads on Trump During a Private Dinner,” Vanity Fair, November 20, 2017.
49. Philip Rucker and Karoun Demirjian, “Corker Calls White House ‘An Adult Day Care Center’ in Response to Latest Trump Tirade,” Washington Post, October 8, 2017.
50. Leinz Vales, “James Clapper Calls Trump Speech ‘Downright Scary and Disturbing,’” CNN, August 24, 2017.
51. Ross Douthat, “The 25th Amendment Solution for Removing Trump,” New York Times, May 16, 2017.
52. Joe Scarborough, “Trump’s Mental Meltdown,” Washington Post, December 7, 2017.
53. Joseph Frankel, “Joe Scarborough Claims Sources Say Trump Has ‘Early Signs of Dementia.’ What Does That Mean?,” Newsweek, January 8, 2018.
54. Bandy Lee, The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2017).
55. Tweet from @realDonald Trump, January 6, 2018 at 4:25 a.m.
56. Bandy X. Lee and Norman Eisen, “On Trump’s Mental Fitness, the Experts Are Silenced and the Public’s in the Dark,” USA Today, January 19, 2018.
57. Douthat, “The 25th Amendment Solution.”
58. David Brooks, “When the World Is Led by a Child,” New York Times, May 15, 2017.
59. Quoted in John D. Feerick, The Twenty-Fifth Amendment: It’s Complete History and Applications, 3rd ed. (New York: Fordham University Press, 2014), 115.
60. Ibid.
61. Ibid., 117.
62. Ezra Klein, “The Case for Normalizing Impeachment,” Vox, December 6, 2017.
63. Keith Whittington, “Will the 25th Amendment Save Us? Lessons from the Nation’s First Impeachment Trial,” Vox, May 18, 2017.
64. Jennifer Rubin, “Let’s Be Clear About What the 25th Amendment Does and Doesn’t Do,” Washington Post, May 17, 2017.
65. Jeannie Suk Gersen, “Will Trump Be the Death of the Goldwater Rule?,” The New Yorker, August 23, 2017.
66. Cass R. Sunstein, Impeachment: A Citizen’s Guide (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2017), 145.
67. Brian Kalt, “The Case Against Using the 25th Amendment to Get Rid of Trump,” New York, October 14, 2017.
68. Michael Grunwald, “Trump Is a Consequential President. Just Not in the Ways You Think,” Politico, December 30, 2017.
69. Sam Friedlander (Publisher), “Impeachara,” YouTube, March 9, 2017.
70. Dahlia Lithwick, “Is It Too Late for Robert Mueller To Save Us?,” Slate, December 1, 2017.
71. Andrés Miguel Rondón, “To Beat President Trump, You Have to Learn to Think Like His Supporters,” Washington Post, December 26, 2017.
72. W.B. Yeats, The Second Coming (1919).
73. Abraham Lincoln, First Inaugural Address (March 4, 1861).
INDEX
Abrams, Sam, 205
Acton, Lord (John Dalberg-Acton), 106
Adams, John, 151
Hermione controversy, 34–35, 84, 101, 155
Adams, John Quincy, 20
Afghanistan, 31, 97, 178
Agnew, Spiro, 149
Al Qaeda, 31, 97
“Alternative facts,” xviii
Amar, Akhil, 33, 50, 79
American Civil War, 119
impeachment of Johnson and, 54–55, 155
Reconstruction, 54–55, 96, 156–157
American President, The (film), 237
American Revolution, 3, 10, 125, 151, 154
Anderson, Kurt, 211
Anti-Muslim media and policy, 65, 188
Anti-Semitism, 64, 160
Archbald, Robert, 45
Arendt, Hannah: The Origins of Totalitarianism, 213
Arpaio, Joe, 63–64
Articles of Confederation, 8, 125
Assassination
impeachment and, 1, 13, 23–24
of Julius Caesar, 24
of Kennedy (John F.), 212
of Lincoln, 149
Bachmann, Michele, 183
Baldridge, Holmes, 166–167
Barr, Bob, 80
Barrow, Washington, 87
Bayh, Birch, 226
Benedict, Michael Les, 55
Benghazi attack (2012), 182–183
Bentivolio, Kerry, 1
83
Berger, Raoul, 3
Bigotry, 64–65, 160–161, 185, 188
Bills of attainder, 10, 41, 46–47, 85
Bin Laden, Osama, 97
Bishop, Bill, 202
Black, Charles L., Jr., 41, 50, 137, 139
Black sites, 178
Blackmun, Harry, 122
Blitzer, Wolf, 180–181
Blount, William, 11
Blumenthal, Sidney, 134
Boehner, John, 184, 195
Bolton, Susan, 63
Borah, William, 159
Breitbart, 204, 211, 227
Breyer, Stephen, 14
Bribery
emoluments and, 33
federal criminal law and, 31–33, 49
Framers and, 5–6, 32–33, 36, 37, 45–46
Impeachment Clause and, 10, 27, 29, 31–34, 37–39, 42
impeachment of Alcee Hastings and, 44
McDonnell v. United States, 32
Brooks, David, 226
Bryce, James, 107
Buchanan, James, 35, 101, 156
Burger, Warren, 122
Burgess, Michael, 182
Burke, Edmund, 45–46
Burr, Aaron, 43–44, 132
Burwell, William, 152
Bush, George H. W., 130
impeachment talk and, 172–174
Iran-Contra Affair, 73–74, 172–174
Bush, George W., impeachment talk and, xviii, 130, 153, 178–184, 195, 215, 217, 237
Bush v. Gore, 109–112
Byrd, Robert, 69–71, 78, 108
Calhoun, John C., 86
Campaigns, 22, 169, 207
electoral fraud, 4–6, 33, 99
foreign interference, 58–61, 95, 188, 192
permanent, 175–177, 184
Carroll, Lewis
Alice in Wonderland, 136
Through the Looking Glass, 68
Carter, Jimmy, 103, 170, 174
Censure, 75, 85–88, 146, 155, 218
Chafetz, Josh, 83
Chaffetz, Jason, 182
Charles II of England, 5
Chase, Salmon, 132
Chase, Samuel, 44, 89
Checks and balances, xiii, 4, 8–9, 21, 47, 62, 102, 104–105, 113, 193, 219, 238
Chernow, Ron, 43, 156–157
Chong, Jane, 52, 61–62, 100
Civil War. See American Civil War
Clapper, James R., 225
Clay, Henry, 20, 86
To End a Presidency Page 30
