by Robert Lacey
102Linda Pressly, BBC News, 21 May 2007.
103Alan Travis, The Guardian, 24 August 2002.
104Newton, Paving the Empire Road, p. 87.
105Mark Olden, The Independent, 29 August 2008.
106‘Why 492 West Indians came to Britain’, Manchester Guardian, 23 June 1948.
107Schofield, Enoch Powell and the Making of Postcolonial Britain, p. 235.
108Christmas 1961 Broadcast Script by Queen Elizabeth II.
109Anthony Bevins, The Independent, 7 July 1997.
110Janice Williams, Newsweek, 20 April 2018.
111Audrey Woods, Everett Herald, 9 February 2002.
112‘Leslie Arthur Julien “Hutch” Hutchinson’, Harlem World Magazine, 28 September 2017.
113Keith Dovkants, Evening Standard, 11 February 2002.
114Michael Thornton, Daily Mail, 14 November 2008.
CHAPTER FIVE
115Malcolm Muggeridge, ‘Royal Soap Opera’, New Statesman, 22 October 1955.
116Ibid.
117‘Press criticizes royal house for silence over Margaret’, The San Francisco Examiner, 21 October 1955.
118Ward, Britishness Since 1870, p. 28.
119Lord Altrincham, ‘The Monarchy Today’, National and English Review, August 1957.
120Ward, British Culture and the End of Empire, p. 40.
121Rafael Epstein, The World Today, 19 April 2006.
122Humphry Berkeley, ‘The Finances of the Monarchy’, National and English Review, August 1957.
123B. A. Young, ‘Foundation-Stones and Things’, National and English Review, August 1957.
124Ibid.
125Lord Altrincham, ‘The Monarchy Today’, National and English Review, August 1957.
126Ibid.
127Ibid.
128Ibid.
129Ibid.
130‘Lord Altrincham hits back’, The Manchester Guardian, 31 August 1957.
131The Crown Broadcast Script, Episode 205 NETFLIX, ‘Marionettes’ by Peter Morgan, 00:01:33.
132‘Lord Altrincham’s assailant fined’, The Times, 8 August 1957.
133Ziegler, Crown and People, p. 131.
134John Grigg, ‘Punched, Abused, Challenged’, Spectator, 16 August 1997.
135Altrincham et al., Is the Monarchy Perfect?, pp. 93–6.
136Ibid., p. 57.
137‘The Last Debutantes’, Country Life, 17 July 2008.
138Pimlott, The Queen, p. 283.
139‘Peerage Act of 1963’, UK Parliamentary Archives, 2019.
140Pilkington, The Politics Today Companion to the British Constitution, p. 117.
141Wrigley, Winston Churchill, p. 54.
142Ibid.
143Lord Altrincham, ‘A Word in Edgeways: Goodbye to the gallows’, The Manchester Guardian, 25 January 1962.
144Altrincham and Gilmour, The Case of Timothy Evans, p. 4.
145Ibid., p. 3.
146‘United Kingdom marks 50th anniversary of death penalty abolition’, Death Penalty Information Center, 2015.
147Ibid.
148Block and Hostettler, Hanging in the Balance, p. 196.
149Ibid., p. 249.
150John Grigg, ‘A Second Opinion’, Manchester Guardian, 13 October 1966.
151John Grigg, ‘“Look” & the Kennedys’, Manchester Guardian, 20 October 1966.
152Ibid.
153John Grigg, ‘Punched, Abused, Challenged’, The Spectator, 16 August 1997.
CHAPTER SIX
154Lambert, Documents of German Foreign Policy, Series D, Volume X, title page.
155Ibid., p. 2.
156Ibid., p. 187.
157Robert Pear, ‘U.S. Says 1939 German-Soviet Treaties Are Real’, The New York Times, 5 June 1989.
158‘GFM 35: German War Documents Project’, UK National Archives, 2019.
159Windsor, The Heart Has Its Reasons, p. 332.
160Sontag and Beddie, Nazi-Soviet Relations, 1939–1941, p. 157.
161Donaldson, Edward VIII, p. 359.
162King, The Duchess of Windsor, p. 330.
163Frederick Birchall, ‘Windsor Received Warmly by Nazis; Sees Model Plant’, The New York Times, 12 October 1937.
164Andrew Morton. 17 Carnations: The Windsors, the Nazis and the Cover-Up, London, Michael O’Mara Books, 2015, p.55.
165Rory Tingle, ‘When Edward VIII went to see Hitler: Never-before-seen photos emerge for sale of Duke of Windsor’s infamous trip to Nazi Germany in 1937’, Daily Mail, 8 October 2018.
166Lambert, Documents of German Foreign Policy, Series D, Volume X, p. 97.
167Ibid., p. 187.
168Ibid.
169Ibid., p. 68.
170Ibid., p. 290.
171Ibid.
172‘Not the truth, says Duke’, The Manchester Guardian, 1 August 1957.
173Ziegler, King Edward VIII, pp. 366–7.
174Dahl, Quisling, p. 186.
175‘War Situation’, House of Commons Debate, 4 June 1940.
176Lambert, Documents of German Foreign Policy, Series D, Volume X, p. 377.
177Ibid.
178Ibid., p. 398.
179Ibid.
180St John, William Heinemann, p. 275.
181Paul Sweet, ‘The Windsor File’, The Historian, Winter 1997.
182Payn and Morley, The Noël Coward Diaries, p. 520.
183Colville, The Fringes of Power, p. 197.
184Gilbert, Winston S. Churchill, Volume 6, p. 703.
185Bloch, Operation Willi, p. 122
186December 11, 2017. Just As I Am, by Billy Graham quoted in ‘Billy Graham Reflects on His Friendship with Queen Elizabeth II’. https://billygraham.org/story/billy-graham-and-the-queen/
187Holy Bible, New Testament, Gospel of St. John, chapter 5, verse 8.
188Graham, Just As I Am, p.698
CHAPTER SEVEN
189de Lisle, The Sisters Who Would Be Queen, p. 4.
190Warnicke, The Marrying of Anne of Cleves, p. 138.
191‘Statement by Princess’, The Times, 1 November 1955.
192Kynaston, Modernity Britain, p. 14.
193de Courcy, Snowdon, p. 9.
194de la Haye et al., A Family of Fashion, p. 95.
195de Courcy, Snowdon, p. 10.
196Author interview with Francis Wyndham, 1976.
197de Courcy, Snowdon, pp. 9–10.
198Smallman-Raynor and Cliff, Poliomyelitis, p. 318.
199‘The International Year of Disabled People’, House of Lords Debate, 14 January 1981.
200Tony Jones, The Independent, 13 January 2017.
201Simon Hattenstone, The Guardian, 30 May 2005.
202Elizabeth Grice, The Daily Telegraph, 5 March 2010.
203Ibid.
204Nan Robertson, The New York Times, 10 November 1979.
205de Courcy, Snowdon, p. 29.
206Lord Snowdon interview, British Journal of Photography, January 14, 2017.
207Ibid.
208Ibid.
209‘Our London Correspondence’, The Guardian, 26 June 1957.
210de Courcy, Snowdon, p. 52.
211Geoffrey Levy, Daily Mail, 20 September 2009.
212de Courcy, Snowdon, p. 37.
213Haslam, Redeeming Features, p. 103.
214Warwick, Princess Margaret, p. 215.
215‘Why Margaret’s smile is rare these days’, The Des Moines Register, 24 April 1960.
216The Crown Broadcast Script, Episode 207 NETFLIX, ‘Matrimonium’ by Peter Morgan, 00:13:26.
217de Courcy, Snowdon, p. 37.
218Tony Allen-Mills, The Times, 26 November 2017.
219Off-the-record interview.
220Ibid.
221Tim Heald, Evening Standard, 3 July 2007.
222de Courcy, Snowdon, pp. 80–81.
223Tony Allen-Mills, The Times, 26 November 2017.
224de Courcy, Snowdon, p. 81.
225Tim Heald, Evening Standard, 3 July 2007.
226Andrew Alderson, The Daily Telegraph, 31 May 2008.
CHAPTER EIGHT
227Myers, ‘Harold Macmillan’s ‘“Winds of Change” Speech: A Case Study in the Rhetoric of Policy Change’, Rhetoric and Public Affairs, 2000.
228Butler and Stockwell, The Wind of Change, p. 31.
229‘Ghana’s “National Welcome” to Duchess of Kent’, The Manchester Guardian, 5 March 1957.
230Pimlott, The Queen, p. 305.
231Ibid.
232Beeston, Looking for Trouble, p. 74.
233Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 255.
234Murphy, Monarchy & the End of Empire, p. 77.
235Catherine Armecin, ‘“Elizabeth: Our Queen”: Queen Has “Heart And Stomach Of A Man”’, International Business Times, 22 February 2018.
236Cathcart, The Queen Herself, p. 178.
237Marr, The Diamond Queen, p. 233.
238‘The Queen at Accra Ball’, The Times, 20 November 1961.
239‘Queen mobbed by Ghanaians’, The Canberra Times, 20 November 1961.
240African shuffle enjoyed by Queen’, Fort Myers News-Press, 20 November 1961.
241‘Disgusted with Queen’, Lethbridge Herald, Alberta, 25 November 1961.
242‘The Queen’s dance with Dr. Nkrumah’, The Times, 26 November 1961.
243Caroline Howe, ‘Sammy Davis Jr. endured being called ‘boy, ‘c**n’ and the N-word’, Daily Mail, 18 April 2014.
244Lacey, Monarch, p. 260.
245Lacey, God Bless Her!, p. 112.
246Botwe-Asamoah, Kwame Nkrumah’s Politico-Cultural Thought and Politics, p. 128.
247Greene and Butcher, The Servant Queen and the King She Serves, p. 1.
248Colquhoun, Harringay Story, p. vii.
249Graham, Just As I Am, p. 426.
250Gilbreath, ‘Level Ground at the Cross’, Christianity Today Billy Graham Commemorative Issue, pp. 80–81.
251Christmas 2004 Broadcast Script by Queen Elizabeth II.
252Ibid.
CHAPTER NINE
253Fiammetta Rocco, ‘A Strange Life: Profile of Prince Philip’, The Independent, 13 December 1992.
254Eilish O’Gara, ‘Prince Philip: Married to the Monarchy’, Newsweek, 12 June 2015.
255Ken Purdy, ‘Prince Philip: England’s Most Understood Man’, LOOK, 7 April 1964.
256Vickers, Alice, p. 148.
257‘King Paul Gained Wide Popularity’, The New York Times, 7 March 1964.
258Seward, My Husband and I, p. 34.
259‘How a Prince was saved’, Launceston Daily Telegraph, 21 March 1923.
260‘The Greek War in Asia Minor: Prince Andrew’s History’, The Times, 1 July 1930.
261Alexandra, Prince Philip, p. 14.
262Heald, Philip, p. 22.
263Alexandra, Prince Philip, p. 41.
264‘About’, Kurt Hahn, 2019.
265Lacey, Majesty, p. 102.
266The Crown Broadcast Script, Episode 209 NETFLIX, ‘Paterfamilias’ by Tom Edge and Peter Morgan, 00:19:14.
267Bradford, Queen Elizabeth II, p. 54.
268Marina Ewald cited in Veevers and Allison, Kurt Hahn, p. 11.
269Chatfield and Glenn, Leadership the Outward Bound Way, pp. 30–31.
270‘“If” by Rudyard Kipling’, Poetry Foundation, 2019.
271Stewart and McCann, The Educational Innovators, p. 192.
272Emily Hanford, ‘Kurt Hahn and the roots of Expeditionary Learning’, American RadioWorks, 10 September 2015.
273Veevers and Allison, Kurt Hahn, p. 70.
274Prince Charles’s confidential letter of 8 February 1964, cited in Dimbleby, The Prince of Wales, p. 65.
275Bedell Smith, Prince Charles, p. 296.
276Wilson, The Windsor Knot, p. 48.
277Emily Hanford, ‘Kurt Hahn and the roots of Expeditionary Learning’, American RadioWorks, 10 September 2015.
278Ibid.
279Ibid.
280Patrick Jones, ‘My Schooldays with Prince Charles’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 30 June 1963.
281Eade, Young Prince Philip, pp. 67–8.
282Seidler, Remembering Diana, pp. 64–5.
283Heald, Philip, p. 45.
284Kurt Hahn, ‘Prince Philip Was My Pupil’, Maclean’s, 15 August 1947.
285Bedell Smith, Elizabeth the Queen, p. 27.
286Alexandra, Prince Philip, p. 66.
287Georgian, ‘This is the Man’, Woman’s Journal, June 1953.
CHAPTER TEN
288Riginos, Platonica, p. 177.
289Eldridge, The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Literature, p. 144.
290Programme for Beyond the Fringe by Bennett, Cook, Miller and Moore at the Fortune Theatre, London. Playbill, 1961.
291The Crown, Episode 210, ‘Mystery Man’ by Peter Morgan, 00:21:53.
292Turnock, Television and Consumer Culture, p. 72.
293Levin, The Pendulum Years, pp. 49–50.
294Davenport-Hines, An English Affair, pp. 290–91.
295Pimlott, The Queen, p. 325.
296Ibid., p. 344.
297Ibid., pp. 263–4.
298Ibid., p. 324.
299‘Prince Philip and the Profumo Scandal’, Daily Mirror, 24 June 1963.
300Eade, Young Prince Philip, p. 217.
301Thompson, Stephen Ward, p. 131.
302‘His Royal Highness Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh: A Portrait from the Life’, Illustrated London News, 24 June 1963.
303Summers and Dorrill, The Secret Worlds of Stephen Ward, p. 292.
304‘Prince Philip and the Profumo Scandal’, Daily Mirror, 24 June 1963.
305Donald Macintyre, ‘The 1963 Cabinet Papers / The Leadership Crisis: The Queen sent “reviver” to sick Macmillan’, The Independent, 1 January 1994.
306Thorpe, Supermac, p. xii.
307Pimlott, The Queen, p. 324.
308Horne, Macmillan 1957–1986, p. 533.
309Beckett, Macmillan, p. 67.
310Iain Macleod, ‘Tory Leadership’, The Spectator, 17 January 1954.
311Campbell, Pistols at Dawn, p. 259.
312Horne, Macmillan 1957–1986, p. 540.
313‘Peerage Act of 1963’, UK Parliamentary Archives, 2019.
314Bedell Smith, Elizabeth the Queen, pp. 163–4.
315Horne, Macmillan 1957–1986, p. 555.
316Bedell Smith, Elizabeth the Queen, p. 165.
317Pimlott, The Queen, p. 331.
318Horne, Macmillan 1957–1986, p. 566.
319Pimlott, The Queen, p. 329.
320Ibid., p. 332.
321Ibid., p. 335.
322Butler and King, The British General Election of 1964, p. 294.
CHAPTER ELEVEN
323The Crown, Episode 301, ‘Olding’ by Peter Morgan, Scene 19.
324Pimlott, Harold Wilson, p. 3.
325Butler and King, The British General Election of 1964, p. 294.
326Cannadine and Quinault, Winston Churchill in the Twenty-First Century, p. 111.
327Wilson, The Labour Government 1964–70, p. 22.
328Crines and Hickson, Harold Wilson, p. 23.
329Wilson, The Labour Government 1964–70, p. 22.
330Roth, Sir Harold Wilson, p. 309.
331Philip Ziegler, ‘Prime Ministers in the Post-War World.’ Lecture at Gresham College, 21 February 2006.
332Morrison, Essential Public Affairs for Journalists, p. 20.
333Jackson, Women Leaders of Europe and the Western Hemisphere, p. 82.
334Bedell Smith, Elizabeth the Queen, p. 165.
335Shawcross, Queen and Country, p. 99.
336Vickers, Elizabeth, p. 409.
337Ramsden, Man of the Century, p. 26.
338Ibid.
339Christopher Lehmann-Haupt, ‘Michael Straight, Who Wrote of Connection to Spy Ring, Is Dead at 87’, The New York Times, 5 January 2004.
340Lucy Clarke-Billings, ‘Top secret report on Cambridge spies Burgess and Maclean emerges from Foreign Office’, The Daily Telegraph, 16 October 2015.
341‘Former Foreign Office Officials (Disappearance)’,
House of Commons Debate, 7 November 1955.
342‘Mr. Harold Philby’, House of Commons Debate, 1 July 1963.
343Riordan, Comrade Jim, p. 168.
344‘Renegade British Diplomats Deny Being Communist Agents’, Ottawa Journal, 13 February 1956.
345Lubenow, The Cambridge Apostles, p. xii.
346Christopher Lehmann-Haupt, ‘Michael Straight, Who Wrote of Connection to Spy Ring, Is Dead at 87’, The New York Times, 5 January 2004.
347Ibid.
348Ibid.
349‘Obituary: Michael Straight’, The Daily Telegraph, 17 January 2004.
350Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Michael Straight’, The Guardian, 8 January 2004.
351Christopher Lehmann-Haupt, ‘Michael Straight, Who Wrote of Connection to Spy Ring, Is Dead at 87’, The New York Times, 5 January 2004.
352‘Mr. Anthony Blunt’, House of Commons Debate, 21 November 1979.
353Pimlott, The Queen, p. 337.
354‘Mr. Anthony Blunt’, House of Commons Debate, 21 November 1979.
355Andrew and Mitrokhin, The Mitrokhin Archive, p. 528.
356Ellis, Britain, America and the Vietnam War, p. 40.
357Ben Macintyre, ‘Operation Labour: how Soviet spooks infiltrated the left’, The Times, 24 February 2018.
358Roy Jenkins, ‘Wilson, (James) Harold’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 7 January 2016.
359Bewes, Swiss Watching, p. 108.
360Andrew and Mitrokhin, The Mitrokhin Archive, p. 528.
361Malcolm Gladwell, ‘Trust No One: Kim Philby and the hazards of mistrust,’ New Yorker, 20 July 2014.
362Ben Macintyre, ‘Operation Labour: how Soviet spooks infiltrated the left’, The Times, 24 February 2018.
363‘Lord George Brown is dead at 70’, The New York Times, 4 June 1985.
364John Kelly, ‘The 10 most scandalous euphemisms’, BBC News Magazine, 15 May 2013.
CHAPTER TWELVE
365Adam Helliker and Jane Slade, The Daily Telegraph, 10 February 2002.
366Milligan, The Whistling Spy Enigma, 28 September 1954.
367‘From a royal family album’, Detroit Free Press, 26 October 1965.
368Tim Heald, Evening Standard, 3 July 2007.
369Elizabeth Grice, The Daily Telegraph, 5 May 2010.
370de Courcy, Snowdon, pp. 102, 114–15.
371Ibid., p. 131.
372Ibid., p. 136.
373Ibid., p. 139.
374Hutchinson and Kahn, A Family Affair, p. 101.
375‘July 20, 1957,’ BBC: On This Day, 2008.
376The Economist cited in Dorey, The Labour Governments 1964–70, p. 67.
377Dan Rather, The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, 2019.
