The government began arresting and deporting all German, Japanese, and Italian nationals considered dangerous in November 1942 through a memo distributed to all US diplomats in Latin America. Initially, the US deported only men and left women and children alone. Without their main source of income, families became destitute and justifiably angry, which might ignite anti-American sentiments. Therefore the government began to subsidize the incarceration and/or deportation of entire families for the eighteen participating countries in the Caribbean and South America. Meanwhile, Mexico, Venezuela, and Brazil implemented their own anti-German policies and programs. Chile, Mexico, Brazil, and Venezuela permitted deportation of Axis nationals to the United States. The US government argued that Germans could infiltrate and influence Latin American governments and engage in espionage against the United States. The OSS, the FBI, and the British Security Coordination reported a degree of suspicious Nazi activity in Latin America.559
To make matters worse, on March 23, 1943, the Treasury Department, using a 1941 law, froze all Axis assets, including those of internees, who had to fill out a two-page document describing their holdings, most of which were no longer under their control. Because of their incarceration, they lost their homes, businesses, and bank accounts, if not through bankruptcy, then through theft.560
After 1939, 64 percent of the people whom the FBI arrested and evicted from their homes were white and from European “enemy nationalities.” Due to massive propaganda, Americans feared German foreigners more than they did the Japanese. America arrested 4,058 Germans in Latin America. By 1938, the US government began evacuating Germans while it did not target the Japanese for another three years until Pearl Harbor. The government released most of the Japanese by 1945 but did not free most Germans until 1948. It allowed the Japanese to resume their lives in America and promoted them as exemplary Americans. Officials shifted the Germans and Italians to camps designated as prisoner of war facilities under the Geneva Convention. They did not view most German inmates as potential good citizens and deported them. Yet officials released most Italians into American society on Columbus Day in 1942. It is amazing, given the original composition of early America that the government would consider Asians more suitable Americans than white Europeans.561
Kristallnacht, a False Flag
Cui Bono, Who Benefits
To establish a Jewish state, Jews had to expel the indigenous Arab population to neighboring countries and import Jews from those same areas. Theodor Herzl imagined that they could accomplish that feat through social engineering. On June 12, 1885, he wrote in his diary that “Zionist settlers would have to ‘spirit the penniless population across the border by procuring employment for it in the transit countries, while denying it any employment in our own country.’” 562 The Jewish Agency was the main organization in charge of the immigration, Aliyah, and absorption of Jews from the Diaspora. The Sixteenth Zionist Congress, July 28 to August 11, 1929, held in Zurich, Switzerland, created the Jewish Agency via the Zurich Agreement.
In mid-June 1931, at least 150 Jewish leaders in Germany convened a conference to discuss the desired cooperation between the two factions of the Jewish Agency, Zionist and non-Zionist. Felix M. Warburg sent his greetings via a telegram. The attendees included Oscar Wassermann, head of the Keren HaYesod, Eugen Landau, Dr. Bernhard Kahn, European Director of the JDC; Dr. Sobernheim, Kurt Blumenfeld, President of the German Zionist Federation, Bruno Asch, Rabbi Leo Baeck, President of the German B’nai B’rith, Dr. Georg Bernhard, and Dr. Schocken. Dr. Arthur Ruppin, of the Palestine colonization authority and the Jewish Agency Executive, spoke about the importance of middle-class colonization in Palestine. 563
Vladimir Jabotinsky
Vladimir Jabotinsky, the dedicated leader of the Zionist Revisionist Party, broke from the main Zionist Party on April 25, 1925 to alter the methods used to settle more Jews in Palestine. He regularly visited Germany to conduct conferences, lecture, and recruit agitators to his movement. He spoke German as well as seven other languages. He hated Germany, Hitler and the National Socialists. He began his Anti-Hitler campaign on April 28, 1933 by calling for a worldwide boycott over Radio Warsaw. He persuaded Jewish leaders to hold sixty-nine mass protests in cities throughout Eastern Europe. During a press conference on August 25, 1933, he declared that his Revisionist party was in charge of the worldwide boycott of Germany for Europe. 564
Jabotinsky offered Samuel Untermeyer his cooperation but wanted to lead the whole movement. Untermeyer led the movement in America while Jabotinsky, with headquarters in Paris, facilitated the operation in Europe. He maintained the names of shops and companies to determine if they conducted business with any German firms. He set up Boycott-Propaganda-Bureaus to apply pressure to those who failed to observe the boycott. He held meetings, posted newspaper articles, and did whatever he could, among Jews and non-Jews, to incite others against Germany and Hitler and focused on agitating Jews in Germany. He viewed Germans who embraced National Socialism as criminals. He understood that the Jews in Germany would suffer as a result of his worldwide war but saw them as only representative of “only a very small proportion of World Jewry.” 565
Jabotinsky sent out circulars and directives to all of the Zionist organizations in Germany to awaken the Jews to the potential peril that they faced throughout the nation. Meanwhile, Untermeyer was working with the Jewish populations in New York and Amsterdam. In 1933, in Paris, Jabotinsky reconnected with and collaborated with Bernard Lecache, a Russian Jew who headed a propaganda office. He had worked with Lecache in 1925. Initially, Lecache concentrated on fighting anti-Semitism in Poland. Previously, Lecache depended on private contributions but suddenly he had huge sums of money at his disposal which he used it to convert his propaganda center into the Ligue International Centre l’Antisémitisme (LICA) which then worked exclusively on anti-German propaganda. 566
LICA’s first operation followed the Reichstag Fire in Berlin (February 27-28, 1933). Vincent de Moro-Giafferi, the attorney also participated in the propaganda enterprise and promoted the idea that Göring arranged the fire. Moro-Giafferi, in his work for LICA, initially defended David Frankfurter, who murdered Wilhelm Gustloff. 567 In 1932, Gustloff joined the NS movement and became the leader of its Switzerland Group. Frankfurter, an orthodox Jew, and son of a rabbi, purchased a revolver, then a few days later, travelled to Davos, which did not have the death penalty for murder. On February 4, 1936, Frankfurter went to Gustloff’s apartment and asked to see Gustloff on an important matter. Mrs. Gustloff led him to her husband’s study. Gustloff greeted him and in response, Frankfurter exclaimed that he was a Jew, and had come to avenge his people. He fired and hit Gustloff who died immediately. The Swiss gendarmerie arrested Frankfurter that same night. 568
The Jewish press referred to him as a new David who had slain the German Goliath. A Zurich jurist replaced Moro-Giafferi. Frankfurter said that someone had incited him to kill Gustloff, and then he changed his mind and claimed that Gustloff wanted to take his own life and that it was an accident. The court sentenced Frankfurter to sixteen years but they released him after 1945. Then he relocated to the Israeli state and as late as 1979, was living there on reparations from the Germans. Dr. Friedrich Grimm, as counsel for Mrs. Gustloff, maintained years later that Frankfurter must have had hidden accomplices, possibly LICA. 569
Jabotinsky reiterated that force was absolutely essential in the transfer of populations. On July 12, 1937, over a year before Kristallnacht in Germany, David Ben-Gurion, Israel’s first prime minister, told a Zionist Conference that in order to establish a Zionist state, they would have to “transfer Arab populations out of the area, if possible of their own free will, if not by coercion.” The Zionists uprooted 750,000 Palestinians and then confiscated their lands in 1948-1949. Ben-Gurion wanted the Jews in Islamic countries to relocate to Israel. To do that, he sent agents into those countries to persuade the Jews to immigrate, “either by trickery or fear.�
� 570 On June 12, 1938, according to the minutes recorded during a meeting of the Jewish Agency Executive, Ben-Gurion said, “I am for compulsory transfer; I do not see anything immoral in it.” He devised the ethnic cleansing of Palestine. In his Diary, on July 12, he noted that the only course of action for Zionism to flourish was, “The Arabs will have to go.” 571 In 1935, Ben-Gurion would succeed Ruppin as President of the Jewish Agency which played a huge role in founding and building the Israeli state.
In May 1938, Zionist leaders, Chaim Weizmann, president of the Jewish Agency, David Ben-Gurion, Moshe Shertok, head of the Jewish Agency’s political department, and Bernard Joseph, legal adviser to the Agency, met with the Partition Commission, which had just returned from a two-week tour of Palestine and were preparing to conduct open hearings. 572
In June 1937, the Peel Commission, headed by Lord William Peel, had recommended boundary reductions for Israel, to just four hundred square miles of the coastal plain. Given the Zionist dissatisfaction with that proposal, “it was not difficult to predict Jewish reaction…” 573 Weizmann and Ben Gurion reluctantly agreed but with huge reservations while the Arabs opposed the plan. 574 Thus, the disgruntled British expected revolts and began planning for another world war because, for them, Palestine was an important crossroads and they wanted it to remain peaceful. In March 1938, the British installed a new High Commissioner, Sir Harold MacMichaels who immediately directed two British divisions to crush the revolts. He promised the Arabs that he would halt Jewish immigration and suggested that Britain abandon its plan to partition Palestine. 575
Ben-Gurion and his associates recognized that the British would not honor their commitment to the Balfour Declaration and the creation of a Jewish national home because of numerous events, including the German annexation of Austria in March 1938, which the British allowed. On June 5, 1938, Jabotinsky spoke at the Anglo-Palestine Club where he cited the distress of 6,000,000 European Jews who centered their hopes on Palestine. He maintained that 14,000,000 Jews were interested in Palestine’s future. On September 28-29, the major powers signed the Munich Pact which permitted Germany to annex Czechoslovakia. 576 577
In 1938, Jewish Zionists were desperate to get Jews to emigrate from Germany and were using every means possible to augment the economic base of that country. Jabotinsky, in his writings, used the term, “propitious storm,” in describing the events that the Jews must employ in their host countries to make life “unbearable” in order to motivate them to opt for immigration to Palestine. He wrote, “This ‘storm,’ however terrifying it may be, blows the Jewish ship in the direction in which we ourselves want to guide it.” Later, he stated that the events in NS Germany would have the “effect of a hurricane,” a desirable consequence, “just as long as it drove the Jewish ship to Palestine.” He was relieved that other countries closed their doors to Jews coming from Germany. Certain Jews were willing to sacrifice anything, and maim or kill others, even fellow Jews. 578
On October 15, 1938, Polish officials decreed that everyone holding a Polish passport must obtain a visa to validate that passport, effective after October 29. Without that visa, one would be unable to cross into Poland, which affected thousands of Polish Jews living abroad. Polish officials apparently wanted to prevent the 70,000 Polish Jews in Germany from returning to Poland. On October 9, Police Chief Heinrich Himmler asked Dr. Werner Best to discuss recent Polish policies with the German Embassy in Warsaw so that he could gain assurance from the Polish Government that the Polish Jews living in Germany could return to Poland without this visa. Those Polish policies necessitated the ejection of all Polish Jews from Reich territory as quickly as possible. 579
On October 28, Reich officials, per the Polish passport-ordinance, took about 15,000 Jews, mostly adult males, into custody and accompanied them to the Polish border. They provided them with sufficient food and water and put them into special transports for their return to Poland. However, officials in Warsaw reneged and instructed the Polish border guards not to accept the thousands of documented deportees who had now converged in the border villages and were causing problems. Ultimately, 12,000 Jewish deportees went into Poland, some at the official crossings but many through the countryside and forests. Germany did not intend to permanently expel them. It was Poland’s policy! The Polish government then initiated the deportation of German Jews residing in Poland. By October 29, though relations between the two countries had deteriorated, they halted the expulsions. Germany released the Polish Jews still in custody so they could return to their homes. The deportees already in Poland returned to Germany with the necessary documentation. 580
At age fifteen, Herschel Grynszpan left Germany and ultimately ended up in Paris where he lived with his uncle who soon kicked him out of the house. He then began associating with Paris’s criminal element and on April 15, 1938, the police arrested him and ordered him out of the country. Instead, he went underground, staying in France without a residence permit, and living in a small Paris hotel, one block from his uncle’s residence. On November 3, Grynszpan somehow received word from his father, allegedly via a postcard. Four days later, he purchased a revolver for 250 francs which is interesting in that he had no papers, no apparent means of support and what does a person of his age need or even know how to shoot a revolver? When the police expelled Grynszpan, it is very likely that LICA, a Jewish militant organization, located in an old Parisian apartment house very close to the small hotel where he lived, financed him. LICA probably supplied him with the money to buy the gun. 581
Grynszpan, supposedly upset over his family’s deportation then visits the German Embassy in in Paris on November 7, and asks to see the German ambassador. The bureau chief took Grynszpan to the office of the Third Legation Secretary, Ernst vom Rath. Grynszpan announced “I am a Jew, and have come to avenge the Jewish people!” He then drew his revolver and shoots, perhaps as many as five times, and injures vom Rath who later undergoes surgery but dies from his wounds on November 9. The Paris police records do not indicate any other verbal exchange. According to the medical record, two bullets hit vom Rath. Grynszpan admitted that he murdered vom Rath because of what Germany had done to his family. Later, he said that it was an accident and that he meant to kill himself. Then even later, he said he did not remember or did not know what happened and perhaps he “had acted under hallucination.” No one ever determined exactly why he shot vom Rath. The Paris authorities, with the influence of LICA attorney, Vincent de Moro-Giafferi, ultimately relented and accepted his plea of “personal revenge.” 582
In early October, 1938, MacMichaels had persuaded the British government to agree to his proposals. However, the Jews understood that this closed Palestine to them. The Jews then began trying to determine how to obstruct the British government. There were many Jews who thought that the British might reevaluate its decision if there were an anti-Jewish pogrom. The government was supposed to announce its findings on November 8. Then on November 7, just as if someone had planned an event that the Jews could exploit, Grynszpan shot vom Rath. Possibly, they sent provocateurs into Germany on the 8th, to bust shop windows, loot stores and set synagogues ablaze on the 9th. When the British heard about Kristallnacht, they decided to delay their announcement for a day, publishing it on November 10. While the terrorism failed to alter Britain’s plans, it accomplished other Zionist objectives. 583 After a lengthy study, the Woodhead Commission announced that they would limit the Jewish State to the coastal region while placing northern Palestine, including the Jezreel Valley, and all the semi-arid part of southern Palestine, under a separate mandate. This reduced the Jewish State to 400 square miles of the coastal plain.
LICA hired Moro-Giafferi to defend Grynszpan although he never mentioned his LICA connection. LICAs office was a block away from Abraham Grynszpan. There were common elements between the murders of Ernst vom Rath and Wilhelm Gustloff. The Paris police concluded their investigation of the case in August 1939 when it should have then gone
to the state’s attorney’s office. Then war broke out and the Paris authorities did not convene a trial. In 1940, after Germany invaded France, the Paris police turned Grynszpan over to the German officials who took him to Berlin. The Ministry of Justice decided to try him and invited all of the French witnesses to Berlin. The police interrogated him twice during which he withdrew all of his previous statements. He claimed that he killed vom Rath for personal rather than political reasons. The Germans never held a trial and the attorney for the vom Rath family, Dr. Friedrich Grimm, never discovered the reason for this. 584
Court historians readily assumed that the evil Nazis had killed Grynszpan, without the benefit of a trial, allegedly along with the millions of other Jews that they slaughtered. The Grynszpan family found shelter in Poland via the assistance of the JDC which assisted them to ultimately immigrate to Palestine. Herschel Grynszpan probably spent the war years in a German prison but the Allies released him at the end of the war when he assumed a new name, created a new identity and returned to Paris where he probably still had an association with LICA. 585
The worldwide media exaggerated the events of the night of November 9-10, 1938, when a few NSDAP leaders and storm troopers, purportedly directing mobs of angry Germans, looted Jewish homes and businesses and burned synagogues throughout Germany. Obviously, these activities negatively impacted German-Jewish relations. An editorial in The New York Times, November 9, 1938, stated that one thousand Jews died during Kristallnacht. Actually, fewer than a hundred perished. Security Chief, Reinhard Heydrich told Hermann Göring that the instigators had killed thirty-six. Another account indicated that ninety-one died.
The Ruling Elite Page 21
