The Darkest Dawn
Page 38
43. Mose Sandford letter, Ford’s Theater archive.
44. Portsmouth (N.H.) Journal, May 27, 1865.
45. Roscoe, Web of Conspiracy, 404, 405.
46. Ben Graf Henneke, Laura Keene: A Biography (Tulsa, Okla.: Council Oak Books, 1990), 218.
47. Sandford letter, Ford’s Theater archives.
48. Daggett letter, Ford’s Theater archives.
49. Springfield (Ohio) Daily News and Republic, May 9, 1865.
50. Washington Evening Star, May 11, 1865.
51. Maggie Robinson letter, April 16, 1865, Buckley Family papers, Indiana Historical Society, Indianapolis.
52. Portsmouth (N.H.) Journal, July 15, 1865.
53. Langsdorf, “The Mad Hatter of Kansas.”
54. Ibid.
55. Ibid.
56. Francis E. Leupp, The True Story of Boston Corbett: A Lincoln Assassination Mystery Fifty Years After (Putnam, Conn.: Privately printed, 1916), 10, 12.
57. Lafayette (Ind.) Daily Courier, May 4, 1865.
58. Newark (N.J.) Daily Advertiser, May 1, 1865.
59. “Courtmartial of Sergeant Boston Corbett,” Boston Corbett collection, Kansas State Historical Society, Topeka.
60. Leupp, The True Story of Boston Corbett, 12.
61. Fusz diary, April 30, 1865.
62. Washington Evening Star, May 11, 1865.
63. Ibid., May 27, 1865.
64. Chicago Tribune, May 6, 1865.
65. Francis Tumblety, A Few Passages in the Life of Dr. Francis Tumblety, the Indian Herb Doctor, etc. (Cincinnati: Francis Tumblety, 1866), 25.
66. Ibid., 25, 26.
67. Washington Evening Star, June 10, 1865.
68. Newark (N.J.) Daily Advertiser, May 1, 1865; Washington Evening Star, May 2, 6, 1865.
32. The Living Dead
1. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
2. Ibid.
3. Ibid.
4. Turner, Beware the People Weeping, 159; Paullin, “The Navy and the Booth Conspirators,” 273.
5. Washington Evening Star, May 9, 1865.
6. Mrs. Burton Harrison, Recollections, Grave and Gay (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1911), 230–31.
7. Henry Kyd Douglas, I Rode with Stonewall (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1940), 343.
8. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 7, 1865; Washington Evening Star, April 28, 1865.
9. Brooks, Washington, D.C. in Lincoln’s Time, 238; Edward Goodwin letter, to wife, June 1, 1865, Edward Payson Goodwin collection, Illinois State Historical Library, Springfield; “The Executions at Washington,” Monthly Religious Magazine, August 1865.
10. Washington Evening Star, May 19, 1865.
11. Brooks, Washington, D.C. in Lincoln’s Time, 239.
12. Ibid., 239.
13. Goodwin letter, June 1, 1865.
14. New York Times, July 8, 1865.
15. David Miller DeWitt, The Assassination of Abraham Lincoln, and Its Expiation (New York: Macmillan, 1909), 122.
16. Pittsburgh Chronicle, undated clipping, online edition, “The Trial of the Conspirators”; Goodwin letter, June 1, 1865.
17. New York Times, May 18, 1865; Washington Evening Star, May 19, 1865.
18. Chicago Tribune, May 15, 1865.
19. New York Times, July 8, 1865.
20. Turner, Beware the People Weeping, 158.
21. Ibid., 199.
22. New York Times, May 18, 1865.
23. Goodwin letter, June 1, 1865.
24. Washington Evening Star, June 5, 1865.
25. Ibid., June 13, 1865.
26. Ibid., July 7, 1865.
27. Philadelphia Inquirer, undated clipping, online edition, “The Trial of the Conspirators.”
28. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 7, 1865.
29. Brooks, Washington, D.C. in Lincoln’s Time, 238.
30. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 7, 1865.
31. Ibid.
32. Albany (N.Y.) Evening Journal, May 26, 1865.
33. John A Gray, “The Fate of the Lincoln Conspirators: The Account of the Hanging, Given by Lieutenant-Colonel Christian Rath, the Executioner,” McClure’s, October 1911, 633.
34. Philadelphia Inquirer, undated clipping, online edition, “The Conspiracy Trials.”
35. Lafayette (Ind.) Daily Courier, May 22, 1865.
36. Swanson and Weinburg, Lincoln’s Assassins, 19.
37. Roscoe, Web of Conspiracy, 442; Ford, “Behind the Curtain of a Conspiracy,” 486.
38. David Miller Dewitt, The Judicial Murder of Mary E. Surratt (Baltimore, Md.: John Murphy, 1895), 18–19.
39. Harrison, Recollections, Grave and Gay, 232.
40. Douglas, I Rode with Stonewall, 341–42.
41. Edward Goodwin letter, June 1, 1865.
42. Brooks, Washington, D.C. in Lincoln’s Time, 241; Washington Evening Star, May 29, 1865.
43. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
44. Richard Watts memoir, Lincoln Museum, Fort Wayne, Indiana.
45. William Spangler letter, John Ford Papers, Maryland Historical Society, Baltimore.
46. Washington Evening Star, June 5, 1865.
47. Gray, “The Fate of the Lincoln Conspirators,” 634.
48. Harrison, Recollections, Grave and Gay, 232, 234.
33. The Most Dreadful Fate
1. Van Deusen, William Henry Seward, 416; Washington Evening Star, June 21, 1865.
2. Charles C. Appel diary.
3. Washington Evening Star, June 15, 1865; Washington Daily Times, May 4, 1865.
4. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
5. New York Times, July 18, 1865.
6. Washington Evening Star, June 5, 6, 1865.
7. New York Times, July 18, 1865.
8. Goodrich, The Day Dixie Died, 31, 77; Columbia Missouri Statesman, July 7, 1865.
9. Council Bluffs (Iowa) Bugle, May 25, 1865.
10. Ibid.
11. Goodrich, The Day Dixie Died, 170.
12. New Orleans Daily Picayune, May 7, 1865; Washington Evening Star, May 10, 1865.
13. Goodrich, The Day Dixie Died, 172.
14. Paul H. Bergeron, ed., The Papers of Andrew Johnson, vol. 8 (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1989), 11.
15. A. C. Proctor letter, Library of Congress.
16. John W. Tuttle diary, Kentucky Historical Society, Frankfort.
17. Ibid.
18. Goodrich, The Day Dixie Died, 174.
19. Thomas Goodrich, Black Flag: Guerilla Warfare on the Western Border, 1861–1865 (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1995), 164.
20. Goodrich, The Day Dixie Died, 173.
21. Donald O. Dewey, ed., “Hoosier Justice: The Journal of David McDonald, 1864–1868,” Indiana Magazine of History, September 1966, 204.
22. Council Bluffs (Iowa) Bugle, June 1, 1865; Alton (Ill.) Telegraph, May 26, 1865; Gus Frey letter, June 11, 1865, A. G. Frey collection, Illinois State Historical Library, Springfield.
23. Alton (Ill.) Telegraph, June 2, 1865.
24. Louis Philip Fusz diary.
25. Washington Evening Star, July 5, 1865.
26. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 7, 1865.
27. New York Times, July 8, 1865.
28. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 7, 1865; Washington Evening Star, July 6, 1865.
29. Washington Evening Star, July 6, 1865; Philadelphia Inquirer, July 7, 1865.
30. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 7, 1865; Swanson and Weinburg, Lincoln’s Assassins, 25.
31. New York Times, July 8, 1865.
32. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 7, 1865; Washington Evening Star, July 6, 1865.
33. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 7, 1865.
34. Ibid.
35. Swanson and Weinburg, Lincoln’s Assassins, 25.
36. New York Times, July 8, 1865.
37. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
38. Providence Daily Journal, July 10, 1865.
39. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
&nb
sp; 40. Ibid.
41. Dewitt, The Judicial Murder of Mary E. Surratt, 120.
42. Providence Daily Journal, July 10, 1865.
43. Ibid.
44. Ibid.; untitled clipping, July 8, 1865, Ford’s Theater archive.
45. New York Times, July 8, 1865.
46. Undated, untitled clipping, box 8, Otto Eisenshiml collection, Illinois State Historical Library, Springfield.
47. Gray, “The Fate of the Lincoln Conspirators,” 635.
48. Ibid.; Dewitt, The Judicial Murder of Mary E. Surratt, 141.
49. Harrison, Recollections, Grave and Gay, 234.
34. Beads on a String
1. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 8, 1865; Swanson and Weinburg, Lincoln’s Assassins, 24.
2. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865; New York Times, July 8, 1865.
3. New York Times, July 8, 1865.
4. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
5. Ibid.
6. Ibid.; Philadelphia Inquirer, July 8, 1865.
7. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
8. Swanson and Weinburg, Lincoln’s Assassins, 24.
9. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
10. Ibid.
11. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 8, 1865.
12. Washington Daily Times, July 8, 1865; Alexandria Louisiana Democrat, July 26, 1865.
13. Washington Daily Times, July 8, 1865.
14. Providence Daily Journal, July 10, 1865.
15. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 8, 1865; New York Times, July 8, 1865.
16. New York Times, July 8, 1865.
17. Alexandria Louisiana Democrat, July 26, 1865.
18. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
19. Alexandria Louisiana Democrat, July 26, 1865.
20. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865; “The Clemency Plea Debate,” Surratt Courier, May 1986.
21. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
22. Ibid.; Washington Daily Times, July 8, 1865.
23. Providence Daily Journal, July 10, 1865.
24. Kunhardt and Kunhardt, Twenty Days, 214.
25. Ibid., 208.
26. Mary E. Trindal, “History at Its Worst,” Surratt Courier, June 1991, Ford’s Theater archive.
27. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 8, 1865.
28. Trindal, “History at Its Worst.”
29. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 8, 1865.
30. Ibid.
31. Kunhardt and Kunhardt, Twenty Days, 209.
32. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 8, 1865.
33. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865; Daniel Pearson, ed., “One of the Grimmest Events I Ever Participated In: William E. Coxshall and the Execution of the Lincoln Conspirators,” The Lincoln Ledger, November 1995, 5.
34. Pearson, “One of the Grimmest Events,” 4.
35. Ibid., 5.
36. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 8, 1865.
37. Undated, untitled newspaper clipping, Ford’s Theater archive.
38. Dewitt, The Assassination of Abraham Lincoln, 140.
39. Trindal, “History at Its Worst.”
40. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865; Swanson and Weinburg, Lincoln’s Assassins, 25.
41. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 8, 1865.
42. Ibid.
43. Providence Daily Journal, July 10, 1865; Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
44. Swanson and Weinburg, Lincoln’s Assassins, 28.
45. Washington Evening Star, July 10, 1865.
46. Abram Dunn Gillette, “The Last Days of Payne,” Ford’s Theater archives.
47. New York Times, July 8, 1865; Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865; Philadelphia Inquirer, July 8, 1865.
48. Untitled clipping, July 8, 1865, Ford’s Theater archive.
49. “Hanging the Conspirators Told by an Eyewitness in an Old Letter,” Ford’s Theater archive.
50. Alexandria Louisiana Democrat, July 26, 1865; Turner, Beware the People Weeping, 171; Weichmann, A True History of the Assassination, 283; Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
51. Washington Daily Times, July 8, 1865; Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
52. “Hanging the Conspirators,” Ford’s Theater archive.
53. Trudeau, Out of the Storm, 374.
54. Providence Daily Journal, July 10, 1865; New York Times, July 8, 1865.
55. New York Times, July 8, 1865.
56. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
57. Ibid.; Philadelphia Inquirer, July 8, 1865.
58. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 8, 1865.
59. New York Times, July 8, 1865.
60. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
61. Swanson and Weinburg, Lincoln’s Assassins, 31.
62. New York Times, July 8, 1865.
63. Porter, “How Booth’s Body Was Hidden,” Eisenshiml collection, box 7, Illinois State Historical Library, Springfield.
64. Swanson and Weinburg, Lincoln’s Assassins, 31.
65. Turner, Beware the People Weeping, 171.
66. Hanchett, The Lincoln Murder Conspiracies, 70–71.
67. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
68. Ibid.
69. Providence Daily Journal, July 10, 1865.
70. New York Times, July 8, 1865; Philadelphia Inquirer, July 8, 1865.
71. Providence Daily Journal, July 10, 1865.
72. Alexandria Louisiana Democrat, July 26, 1865.
73. Ibid.; Washington Evening Star, July 10, 1865; Pearson, 6; Philadelphia Inquirer, July 8, 1865; Gray, 636; Milwaukee Free Press, February 1, 1914; Undated New York Press clipping, “Hangman of President Lincoln’s Assassins Tells His Story,” Otto Eisenshiml collection, box 8, Illinois State Historical Library, Springfield.
74. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 8, 1865.
75. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865; Swanson and Weinburg, Lincoln’s Assassins, 29; New York Times, July 8, 1865.
76. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 8, 1865; Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
77. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
78. John J. Toffey letter, Ford’s Theater archive.
79. Providence Daily Journal, July 10, 1865; Washington Evening Star, July 7, 1865.
80. Swanson and Weinburg, Lincoln’s Assassins, 30.
81. Washington Evening Star, July 7, 8, 1865.
82. Trindal, “History at Its Worst.”
83. Washington National Tribune, October 22, 1903.
84. Ibid.
85. Swanson and Weinburg, Lincoln’s Assassins, 30; Washington Evening Star, July 10, 1865; Undated New York Press article, “Hangman,” Eisenshiml collection.
86. Washington Daily Times, July 8, 1865.
87. Burnett, “Assassination of President Lincoln,” online edition.
88. Swanson and Weinburg, Lincoln’s Assassins, 26.
89. “Killing Women,” photocopy, Ford’s Theater archive.
90. “Eyewitness Accounts,” binder, Ford’s Theater archives.
91. Washington Evening Star, July 8, 1865.
92. Harrison, Recollections, Grave and Gay, 235.
93. Ibid.
Epilogue
1. Swanson and Weinburg, Lincoln’s Assassins, 30.
2. Anna Surratt letter, Edwin Stanton papers, Library of Congress.
3. Bryan, The Great American Myth, 291.
4. Ibid., 297; Washington Evening Star, July 10, 11, 1865.
5. Randall, The Diary of Orville Hickman Browning, 37–38.
6. Ibid., 38.
7. Washington Evening Star, June 10, 1865.
8. Bryan, The Great American Myth, 297.
9. New York Times, July 17, 1865.
10. Letter to Ford, July 9, 1865, John Ford papers.
11. Hyman and Thomas, Stanton, 435.
12. Alexandria Louisiana Democrat, July 12, 1865.
13. Ibid.
14. Memphis Daily Avalanche, April 4, 1866.
15. Baker, “An Eyewitness Account,” n., 427.
&nbs
p; 16. Boston Daily Advertiser, August 9, 1865; Leupp, The True Story of Boston Corbett, 11.
17. Undated clipping, Cleveland Leader, Ford’s Theater archives.
18. Leupp, The True Story of Boston Corbett, 12.
19. M. V. B. Sheafor statement, Boston Corbett pension files, National Archives; Kubicek, “The Case of the Mad Hatter,” 713–14; Langsdorf, “The Mad Hatter of Kansas,” 63.
20. Langsdorf, “The Mad Hatter of Kansas,” 64–65; Kubicek, “The Case of the Mad Hatter,” 714.
21. Langsdorf, “The Mad Hatter of Kansas,” 65–66.
22. Kubicek, “The Case of the Mad Hatter,” 714–15; Langsdorf, “The Mad Hatter of Kansas,” 66.
23. Kubicek, “The Case of the Mad Hatter,” 715.
24. Ibid.
25. Kubicek, “The Case of the Mad Hatter,” 716; Langsdorf, “The Mad Hatter of Kansas,” 67.
26. Bryan, The Great American Myth, 307.
27. Fleet, “A Chapter of Unwritten History,” n., 404.
28. Asia Booth letter, May 22, 1865, Ford’s Theater archives.
29. Clarke, The Unlocked Book, 183, 185.
30. Ibid., 186; Bryan, The Great American Myth, 310.
31. Bryan, The Great American Myth, 92.
32. Ibid., 307.
33. Roscoe, Web of Conspiracy, 516; undated, untitled article, Ford’s Theater archives.
34. Nicolay and Hay, Abraham Lincoln, 295.
35. “Major Rathbone and Miss Harris Guests of the Lincolns in the Ford’s Theater Box,” Lincoln Lore, August 1971, 3.
36. Rathbun, “Rathbone Connection”; New York Times, December 30, 1883.
37. “Major Rathbone and Miss Harris,” 3; New York Times, December 28, 30, 1883; Reck, “The Tragedy of Major Rathbone,” 205.
38. Reck, “The Tragedy of Major Rathbone,” 205.
39. Ibid., 205, 206; undated, untitled newspaper clippings, Ford’s Theater archives; Nicolay and Hay, Abraham Lincoln, 295.
40. Turner and Turner, Mary Todd Lincoln, 258.
41. Ibid., 225; Burlingame, Lincoln Observed, 197.
42. Neely and McMurtry, The Insanity File, 5; Turner and Turner, Mary Todd Lincoln, 238–39.
43. Keckley, Behind the Scenes, 212–13.
44. Randall, Mary Lincoln, 392–93.
45. Turner and Turner, Mary Todd Lincoln, 291, 295.
46. Randall, Mary Lincoln, 413.
47. Undated, untitled clipping, Ford’s Theater archives.
48. David B. Chesebrough, “His Own Fault: Rev. Charles H. Ellis of Bloomington Sermonizes on the Assassination of Abraham Lincoln,” Illinois Historical Journal, Autumn 1993, 146.