Doughnut Economics: Seven Ways to Think Like a 21st-Century Economist

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by Kate Raworth


  and overseas development assistance (ODA), 198–200

  and taxation, 277

  power, 91–92

  pre-analytic vision, 21–2

  prescription medicines, 123

  price-takers, 132

  prices, 81, 118–23, 131, 160

  Principles of Economics (Mankiw), 34

  Principles of Economics (Marshall), 17, 98

  Principles of Political Economy (Mill), 288

  ProComposto, 226

  Propaganda (Bernays), 107

  public relations, 107, 281

  public spending v. investment, 276

  public–private patents, 195

  Putnam, Robert, 76–7

  Q

  quantitative easing (QE), 184–5

  Quebec, 281

  Quesnay, François, 16, 73

  R

  Rabot, Ghent, 236

  Rancière, Romain, 172

  rating and review systems, 105

  rational economic man, 94–103, 109, 111, 112, 126, 282

  Reagan, Ronald, 67

  reciprocity, 103–6, 117, 118, 123

  reflexivity of markets, 144

  reinforcing feedback loops, 138–41, 148, 250, 271

  relative decoupling, 259

  renewable energy

  biomass energy, 118, 221

  and circular economy, 221, 224, 226, 235, 238–9, 274

  and commons, 83, 85, 185, 187–8, 192, 203, 264

  geothermal energy, 221

  and green growth, 257, 260, 263, 264, 267

  hydropower, 118, 260, 263

  pricing, 118

  solar energy, see solar energy

  wave energy, 221

  wind energy, 75, 118, 196, 202–3, 221, 233, 239, 260, 263

  rentier sector, 180, 183, 184

  reregulation, 82, 87, 269

  resource flows, 175

  resource-intensive lifestyles, 46

  Rethinking Economics, 289

  Reynebeau, Guy, 237

  Ricardo, David, 67, 68, 73, 89, 250

  Richardson, Katherine, 53

  Rifkin, Jeremy, 83, 264–5

  Rise and Fall of the Great Powers, The (Kennedy), 279

  risk, 112, 113–14

  Robbins, Lionel, 34

  Robinson, James, 86

  Robinson, Joan, 142

  robots, 191–5, 237, 258, 278

  Rockefeller Foundation, 135

  Rockford, Illinois, 179–80

  Rockström, Johan, 48, 55

  Roddick, Anita, 232–4

  Rogoff, Kenneth, 271, 280

  Roman Catholic Church, 15, 19

  Rombo, Tanzania, 190

  Rome, Ancient, 13, 48, 154

  Romney, Mitt, 92

  Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 37

  rooted membership, 190

  Rostow, Walt, 248–50, 254, 257, 267–70, 284

  Ruddick, Will, 185

  rule of thumb, 113–14

  Ruskin, John, 42, 223

  Russia, 200

  rust belt, 90, 239

  S

  S curve, 251–6

  Sainsbury’s, 56

  Samuelson, Paul, 17–21, 24–5, 38, 62–7, 70, 74, 84, 91, 92, 93, 262, 290–91

  Sandel, Michael, 41, 120–21

  Sanergy, 226

  sanitation, 5, 51, 59

  Santa Fe, California, 213

  Santinagar, West Bengal, 178

  São Paolo, Brazil, 281

  Sarkozy, Nicolas, 43

  Saumweder, Philipp, 226

  Scharmer, Otto, 115

  Scholes, Myron, 100–101

  Schumacher, Ernst Friedrich, 42, 142

  Schumpeter, Joseph, 21

  Schwartz, Shalom, 107–9

  Schwarzenegger, Arnold, 163, 167, 204

  ‘Science and Complexity’ (Weaver), 136

  Scotland, 57

  Seaman, David, 187

  Seattle, Washington, 217

  second machine age, 258

  Second World War (1939–45), 18, 37, 70, 170

  secular stagnation, 256

  self-interest, 28, 68, 96–7, 99–100, 102–3

  Selfish Society, The (Gerhardt), 283

  Sen, Amartya, 43

  Shakespeare, William, 61–3, 67, 93

  shale gas, 264, 269

  Shang Dynasty, 48

  shareholders, 82, 88, 189, 191, 227, 234, 273, 292

  sharing economy, 264

  Sheraton Hotel, Boston, 3

  Siegen, Germany, 290

  Silicon Valley, 231

  Simon, Julian, 70

  Sinclair, Upton, 255

  Sismondi, Jean, 42

  slavery, 33, 77, 161

  Slovenia, 177

  Small Is Beautiful (Schumacher), 42

  smart phones, 85

  Smith, Adam, 33, 57, 67, 68, 73, 78–9, 81, 96–7, 103–4, 128, 133, 160, 181, 250

  social capital, 76–7, 122, 125, 172

  social contract, 120, 125

  social foundation, 10, 11, 44, 45, 49, 51, 58, 77, 174, 200, 254, 295–6

  social media, 83, 281

  Social Progress Index, 280

  social pyramid, 166

  society, 76–7

  solar energy, 59, 75, 111, 118, 187–8, 190

  circular economy, 221, 222, 223, 224, 226–7, 239

  commons, 203

  zero-energy buildings, 217

  zero-marginal-cost revolution, 84

  Solow, Robert, 135, 150, 262–3

  Soros, George, 144

  South Africa, 56, 177, 214, 216

  South Korea, 90, 168

  South Sea Bubble (1720), 145

  Soviet Union (1922–91), 37, 67, 161, 279

  Spain, 211, 238, 256

  Spirit Level, The (Wilkinson & Pickett), 171

  Sraffa, Piero, 148

  St Gallen, Switzerland, 186

  Stages of Economic Growth, The (Rostow), 248–50, 254

  stakeholder finance, 190

  Standish, Russell, 147

  state, 28, 33, 69–70, 78, 82, 160, 176, 180, 182–4, 188

  and commons, 85, 93, 197, 237

  and market, 84–6, 200, 281

  partner state, 197, 237–9

  and robots, 195

  stationary state, 250

  Steffen, Will, 46, 48

  Sterman, John, 66, 143, 152–4

  Steuart, James, 33

  Stiglitz, Joseph, 43, 111, 196

  stocks and flows, 138–41, 143, 144, 152

  sub-prime mortgages, 141

  Success to the Successful, 148, 149, 151, 166

  Sugarscape, 150–51

  Summers, Larry, 256

  Sumner, Andy, 165

  Sundrop Farms, 224–6

  Sunstein, Cass, 112

  supply and demand, 28, 132–6, 143, 253

  supply chains, 10

  Sweden, 6, 255, 275, 281

  swishing, 264

  Switzerland, 42, 66, 80, 131, 186–7, 275

  T

  Tableau économique (Quesnay), 16

  tabula rasa, 20, 25, 63, 291

  takarangi, 54

  Tanzania, 121, 190, 202

  tar sands, 264, 269

  taxation, 78, 111, 165, 170, 176, 177, 237–8, 276–9

  annual wealth tax, 200

  environment, 213–14, 215

  global carbon tax, 201

  global financial transactions tax, 201, 235

  land-value tax, 73, 149, 180

  non-renewable resources, 193, 237–8, 278–9

  People’s QE, 185

  tax relief v. tax justice, 23, 276–7

  TED (Technology, Entertainment, Design), 202, 258

  Tempest, The (Shakespeare), 61, 63, 93

  Texas, United States, 120

  Thailand, 90, 200

  Thaler, Richard, 112

  Thatcher, Margaret, 67, 69, 76

  Theory of Moral Sentiments (Smith), 96

  Thompson, Edward Palmer, 180

  3D printing, 83–4, 192, 198, 231, 2
64

  thriving-in-balance, 54–7, 62

  tiered pricing, 213–14

  Tigray, Ethiopia, 226

  time banking, 186

  Titmuss, Richard, 118–19

  Toffler, Alvin, 12, 80

  Togo, 231, 292

  Torekes, 236–7

  Torras, Mariano, 209

  Torvalds, Linus, 231

  trade, 62, 68–9, 70, 89–90

  trade unions, 82, 176, 189

  trademarks, 195, 204

  Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), 92

  transport, 59

  trickle-down economics, 111, 170

  Triodos, 235

  Turkey, 200

  Tversky, Amos, 111

  Twain, Mark, 178–9

  U

  Uganda, 118, 125

  Ulanowicz, Robert, 175

  Ultimatum Game, 105, 117

  unemployment, 36, 37, 276, 277–9

  United Kingdom

  Big Bang (1986), 87

  blood donation, 118

  carbon dioxide emissions, 260

  free trade, 90

  global material footprints, 211

  money creation, 182

  MONIAC (Monetary National Income Analogue Computer), 64–5, 75, 142, 262

  New Economics Foundation, 278, 283

  poverty, 165, 166

  prescription medicines, 123

  wages, 188

  United Nations, 55, 198, 204, 255, 258, 279

  G77 bloc, 55

  Human Development Index, 9, 279

  Sustainable Development Goals, 24, 45

  United States

  American Economic Association meeting (2015), 3

  blood donation, 118

  carbon dioxide emissions, 260

  Congress, 36

  Council of Economic Advisers, 6, 37

  Earning by Learning, 120

  Econ 101 course, 8, 77

  Exxon Valdez oil spill (1989), 9

  Federal Reserve, 87, 145, 146, 271, 282

  free trade, 90

  Glass–Steagall Act (1933), 87

  greenhouse gas emissions, 153

  global material footprint, 211

  gross national product (GNP), 36–40

  inequality, 170, 171

  land-value tax, 73, 149, 180

  political funding, 91–2, 171

  poverty, 165, 166

  productivity and employment, 193

  rust belt, 90, 239

  Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), 92

  wages, 188

  universal basic income, 200

  University of Berkeley, 116

  University of Denver, 160

  urbanisation, 58–9

  utility, 35, 98, 133

  V

  values, 6, 23, 34, 35, 42, 117, 118, 121, 123–6

  altruism, 100, 104

  anthropocentric, 115

  extrinsic, 115

  fluid, 28, 102, 106–9

  and networks, 110–11, 117, 118, 123, 124–6

  and nudging, 112, 113, 114, 123–6

  and pricing, 81, 120–23

  Veblen, Thorstein, 82, 109, 111, 142

  Venice, 195

  verbal framing, 23

  Verhulst, Pierre, 252

  Victor, Peter, 270

  Viner, Jacob, 34

  virtuous cycles, 138, 148

  visual framing, 23

  Vitruvian Man, 13–14

  Volkswagen, 215–16

  W

  Wacharia, John, 186

  Wall Street, 149, 234, 273

  Wallich, Henry, 282

  Walras, Léon, 131, 132, 133–4, 137

  Ward, Barbara, 53

  Warr, Benjamin, 263

  water, 5, 9, 45, 46, 51, 54, 59, 79, 213–14

  wave energy, 221

  Ways of Seeing (Berger), 12, 281

  Wealth of Nations, The (Smith), 74, 78, 96, 104

  wealth ownership, 177–82

  Weaver, Warren, 135–6

  weightless economy, 261–2

  WEIRD (Western, educated, industrialised, rich, democratic), 103–5, 110, 112, 115, 117, 282

  West Bengal, India, 124, 178

  West, Darrell, 171–2

  wetlands, 7

  whale hunting, 106

  Wiedmann, Tommy, 210

  Wikipedia, 82, 223

  Wilkinson, Richard, 171

  win–win trade, 62, 68, 89

  wind energy, 75, 118, 196, 202–3, 221, 233, 239, 260, 263

  Wizard of Oz, The, 241

  Woelab, 231, 293

  Wolf, Martin, 183, 266

  women’s rights, 33, 57, 107, 160, 201

  and core economy, 69, 79–81

  education, 57, 124, 178, 198

  and land ownership, 178

  see also gender equality

  workers’ rights, 88, 91, 269

  World 3 model, 154–5

  World Bank, 6, 41, 119, 164, 168, 171, 206, 255, 258

  World No Tobacco Day, 124

  World Trade Organization, 6, 89

  worldview, 22, 54, 115

  X

  xenophobia, 266, 277, 286

  Xenophon, 4, 32, 56–7, 160

  Y

  Yandle, Bruce, 208

  Yang, Yuan, 1–3, 289–90

  yin yang, 54

  Yousafzai, Malala, 124

  YouTube, 192

  Yunnan, China, 56

  Z

  Zambia, 10

  Zanzibar, 9

  Zara, 276

  Zeitvorsoge, 186–7

  zero environmental impact, 217–18, 238, 241

  zero-hour contracts, 88

  zero-humans-required production, 192

  zero-interest loans, 183

  zero-marginal-cost revolution, 84, 191, 264

  zero-waste manufacturing, 227

  Zinn, Howard, 77

  PICTURE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

  Illustrations are reproduced by kind permission of:

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  Wikimedia Commons.

  Diagrams designed by:

  Christian Guthier: 11, 44, 51.

  Marcia Mihotich: 26, 39, 47, 54, 64, 71, 96, 108, 127, 132, 140, 168, 207, 212, 220, 257, 251, 259.

  Every effort has been made to trace copyright holders and to obtain their permission for the use of copyright material. The publisher apologises for any errors or omissions in the above list and would be grateful if notified of any corrections that should be incorporated in future reprints or editions of this book.

  This ebook is copyright material and must not be copied, reproduced, transferred, distributed, leased, licensed or publicly performed or used in any way except as specifically permitted in writing by the publishers, as allowed under the terms and conditions under which it was purchased or as strictly permitted by applicable copyright law. Any unauthorized distribution or use of this text may be a direct infringement of the author’s and publisher’s rights and those responsible may be liable in law accordingly.

  Epub ISBN: 9781473517813

  Version 1.0

  Published by Random House Business Books 2017

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  Copyright © Kate Raworth 2017

  Cover photo © Getty Images

  Kate Raworth has asserted her right to be identified as the author of this Work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

  First published by Random House Business Books in 2017

  Random House Business Books

  The Penguin Random House Group Limited

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SW1V 2SA

  www.penguin.co.uk

  Random House Business Books is part of the Penguin Random House group of companies whose addresses can be found at global.penguinrandomhouse.com

  A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

  ISBN 9781847941374 (hardback)

  ISBN 9781847941381 (trade paperback)

 

 

 


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