Yamarāja – the demigod who punishes the sinful after death.
Yoga – spiritual discipline to link oneself with the Supreme.
Yoga-māyā – the internal, spiritual energy of the Lord.
Yuga – an “age.” There are four yugas, which cycle perpetually: Satya-yuga, Tretā-yuga, Dvāpara-yuga and Kali-yuga. As the ages proceed from Satya to Kali, religion and the good qualities of men gradually decline.
Sanskrit
Pronunciation Guide
The system of transliteration used in this book conforms to a system that scholars have accepted to indicate the pronunciation of each sound in the Sanskrit language.
The short vowel a is pronounced like the u in but, long ā like the a in far. Short i is pronounced as i in pin, long ī as in pique, short u as in pull, and long ū as in rule. The vowel ṛ is pronounced like ri in rim, e like the ey in they, o like the o in go, ai like the ai in aisle, and au like the ow in how. The anusvara (ṁ) is pronounced like the n in the French word bon, and visarga (ḥ) is pronounced as a final h sound. At the end of a couplet, aḥ is pronounced aha, and iḥ is pronounced ihi.
The guttural consonants – k, kh, g, gh, and ṅ – are pronounced from the throat in much the same manner as in English. K is pronounced as in kite, kh as in Eckhart, g as in give, gh as in dig-hard and ṅ as in sing.
The palatal consonants – c, ch, j, jh, and ñ – are pronounced with the tongue touching the firm ridge behind the teeth. C is pronounced as in chair, ch as in staunch-heart, j as in joy, jh as in hedgehog, and ñ as in canyon.
The cerebral consonants – ṭ, ṭh, ḍ, ḍh, and ṇ – are pronounced with the tip of the tongue turned up and drawn back against the dome of the palate. Ṭ is pronounced as in tub, ṭh as in light-heart, ḍ as in dove, ḍh as in red-hot, and ṇ as in nut.
The dental consonants – t, th, d, dh, and n – are pronounced in the same manner as the cerebrals, but with the forepart of the tongue against the teeth.
The labial consonants – p, ph, b, bh, and m – are pronounced with the lips. P is pronounced as in pine, ph as in uphill, b as in bird, bh as in rub-hard, and m as in mother.
The semivowels – y, r, l, and v – are pronounced as in yes, run, light, and vine respectively. The sibilants – ś, ṣ, and s – are pronounced, respectively, as in the German word sprechen and the English words shine and sun. The letter h is pronounced as in home.
Index of Sanskrit Verses
This index gives a listing of the first and third lines of each four-line Sanskrit verse of the Bhagavad-gītā, and both lines of each two-line verse. The references are to chapter and text.
abhayaṁ sattva-saṁśuddhir, 16.1
abhisandhāya tu phalaṁ, 17.12
abhito brahma-nirvāṇaṁ, 5.26
abhyāsād ramate yatra, 18.36
abhyāsa-yoga-yuktena, 8.8
abhyāsa-yogena tato, 12.9
abhyāsena tu kaunteya, 6.35
abhyāse ’py asamartho ’si, 12.10
abhyutthānam adharmasya, 4.7
ā-brahma-bhuvanāl lokāḥ, 8.16
ācaraty ātmanaḥ śreyas, 16.22
ācāryāḥ pitaraḥ putrās, 1.33
ācāryam upasaṅgamya, 1.2
ācāryān mātulān bhrātṝn, 1.26
ācāryopāsanaṁ śaucaṁ, 13.8
acchedyo ’yam adāhyo ’yam, 2.24
adeśa-kāle yad dānam, 17.22
adharmābhibhavāt kṛṣṇa, 1.40
adharmaṁ dharmam iti yā, 18.32
adhaś ca mūlāny anusantatāni 15.2
adhaś cordhvaṁ prasṛtās, 15.2
adhibhūtaṁ ca kiṁ proktam, 8.1
adhibhūtaṁ kṣaro bhāvaḥ, 8.4
adhiṣṭhānaṁ tathā kartā, 18.14
adhiṣṭhāya manaś cāyaṁ, 15.9
adhiyajñaḥ kathaṁ ko ’tra, 8.2
adhiyajño ’ham evātra, 8.4
adhyātma-jñāna-nityatvaṁ, 13.12
adhyātma-vidyā vidyānāṁ,10.32
adhyeṣyate ca ya imaṁ, 18.70
āḍhyo ’bhijanavān asmi, 16.15
ādityānām ahaṁ viṣṇur, 10.21
adṛṣṭa-pūrvaṁ hṛṣito ’smi, 11.45
adveṣṭā sarva-bhūtānāṁ, 12.13
ādy-antavantaḥ kaunteya, 5.22
āgamāpāyino ’nityās, 2.14
aghāyur indriyārāmo, 3.16
agnir jyotir ahaḥ śuklaḥ, 8.24
aham ādir hi devānāṁ, 10.2
aham ādiś ca madhyaṁ ca, 10.20
aham ātmā guḍākeśa, 10.20
aham evākṣayaḥ kālo, 10.33
ahaṁ hi sarva-yajñānāṁ, 9.24
ahaṁ kratur ahaṁ yajñaḥ, 9.16
ahaṁ kṛtsnasya jagataḥ, 7.6
ahaṁ sarvasya prabhavo, 10.8
ahaṁ tvāṁ sarva-pāpebhyo, 18.66
ahaṁ vaiśvānaro bhūtvā, 15.14
ahaṅkāra itīyaṁ me, 7.4
ahaṅkāraṁ balaṁ darpaṁ, 16.18
ahaṅkāraṁ balaṁ darpaṁ, 18.53
ahaṅkāra-vimūḍhātmā, 3.27
āhārā rājasasyeṣṭā, 17.9
āhāras tv api sarvasya, 17.7
ahiṁsā samatā tuṣṭis, 10.5
ahiṁsā satyam akrodhas, 16.2
aho bata mahat pāpaṁ, 1.44
āhus tvām ṛṣayaḥ sarve, 10.13
airāvataṁ gajendrāṇāṁ, 10.27
ajānatā mahimānaṁ tavedaṁ, 11.41
ajñānaṁ cābhijātasya, 16.4
ajñānenāvṛtaṁ jñānaṁ, 5.15
ajñaś cāśraddadhānaś ca, 4.40
ajo nityaḥ śāśvato ’yaṁ purāṇo, 2.20
ajo ’pi sann avyayātmā, 4.6
akarmaṇaś ca boddhavyaṁ, 4.17
ākhyāhi me ko bhavān ugra-, 11.31
akīrtiṁ cāpi bhūtāni, 2.34
akṣaraṁ brahma paramaṁ, 8.3
akṣarāṇām a-kāro ’smi, 10.33
amānitvam adambhitvam, 13.8
amī ca tvāṁ dhṛtarāṣṭrasya, 11.26
amī hi tvāṁ sura-saṅghā, 11.21
amṛtaṁ caiva mṛtyuś ca, 9.19
anādi-madhyāntam ananta-, 11.19
anādi mat-paraṁ brahma, 13.13
anāditvān nirguṇatvāt, 13.32
ananta deveśa jagan-nivāsa, 11.37
anantaś cāsmi nāgānāṁ, 10.29
anantavijayaṁ rājā, 1.16
ananta-vīryāmita-vikramas, 11.40
ananya-cetāḥ satataṁ, 8.14
ananyāś cintayanto māṁ, 9.22
ananyenaiva yogena, 12.6
anapekṣaḥ śucir dakṣa, 12.16
anārya-juṣṭam asvargyam, 2.2
anāśino ’prameyasya, 2.18
anāśritaḥ karma-phalaṁ, 6.1
anātmanas tu śatrutve, 6.6
aneka-bāhūdara-vaktra, 11.16
aneka-citta-vibhrāntā, 16.16
aneka-divyābharaṇaṁ, 11.10
aneka-janma-saṁsiddhas, 6.45
aneka-vaktra-nayanam, 11.10
anena prasaviṣyadhvam, 3.10
anicchann api vārṣṇeya, 3.36
aniketaḥ sthira-matir, 12.19
aniṣṭam iṣṭaṁ miśraṁ ca, 18.12
anityam asukhaṁ lokam, 9.33
annād bhavanti bhūtāni, 3.14
anta-kāle ca mām eva, 8.5
antavanta ime dehā, 2.18
antavat tu phalaṁ teṣāṁ, 7.23
anubandhaṁ kṣayaṁ, 18.25
anudvega-karaṁ vākyaṁ, 17.15
anye ca bahavaḥ śūrā, 1.9
anye sāṅkhyena yogena, 13.25
anye tv evam ajānantaḥ, 13.26
apāne juhvati prāṇaṁ, 4.29
aparaṁ bhavato janma, 4.4
aparaspara-sambhūtaṁ, 16.8
apare niyatāhārāḥ, 4.29
apareyam itas tv anyāṁ, 7.5
aparyāpta�
� tad asmākaṁ, 1.10
apaśyad deva-devasya, 11.13
aphalākāṅkṣibhir yajño, 17.11
aphalākāṅkṣibhir yuktaiḥ, 17.17
aphala-prepsunā karma, 18.23
api ced asi pāpebhyaḥ, 4.36
api cet su-durācāro, 9.30
api trailokya-rājyasya, 1.35
aprakāśo ’pravṛttiś ca, 14.13
aprāpya māṁ nivartante, 9.3
aprāpya yoga-saṁsiddhiṁ, 6.37
apratiṣṭho mahā-bāho, 6.38
āpūryamāṇam acala-, 2.70
ārto jijñāsur arthārthī, 7.16
ārurukṣor muner yogaṁ, 6.3
asad ity ucyate pārtha, 17.28
asakta-buddhiḥ sarvatra, 18.49
asaktaṁ sarva-bhṛc caiva, 13.15
asaktir anabhiṣvaṅgaḥ, 13.10
asakto hy ācaran karma, 3.19
asammūḍhaḥ sa martyeṣu, 10.3
asaṁśayaṁ mahā-bāho, 6.35
asaṁśayaṁ samagraṁ māṁ, 7.1
asaṁyatātmanā yogo,6.36
āśā-pāśa-śatair baddhāḥ, 16.12
aśāstra-vihitaṁ ghoraṁ, 17.5
asat-kṛtam avajñātaṁ, 17.22
asatyam apratiṣṭhaṁ te, 16.8
asau mayā hataḥ śatrur, 16.14
āścarya-vac cainam anyaḥ, 2.29
āścarya-vat paśyati kaścid, 2.29
asito devalo vyāsaḥ, 10.13
asmākaṁ tu viśiṣṭā ye, 1.7
aśocyān anvaśocas tvaṁ, 2.11
aśraddadhānāḥ puruṣā, 9.3
aśraddhayā hutaṁ dattaṁ, 17.28
āsthitaḥ sa hi yuktātmā, 7.18
āsurīṁ yonim āpannā, 16.20
āśvāsayām āsa ca bhītam enaṁ, 11.50
aśvatthaḥ sarva-vṛkṣāṇāṁ, 10.26
aśvatthāmā vikarṇaś ca, 1.8
aśvattham enaṁ su-virūḍha-, 15.3
atattvārtha-vad alpaṁ ca, 18.22
atha cainaṁ nitya-jātaṁ, 2.26
atha cet tvam ahaṅkārān, 18.58
atha cet tvam imaṁ, 2.33
atha cittaṁ samādhātuṁ, 12.9
athaitad apy aśakto ’si, 12.11
atha kena prayukto ’yaṁ, 3.36
atha vā bahunaitena, 10.42
atha vā yoginām eva, 6.42
atha vyavasthitān dṛṣṭvā, 1.20
ātmaiva hy ātmano bandhur, 6.5
ātmany eva ca santuṣṭas, 3.17
ātmany evātmanā tuṣṭaḥ, 2.55
ātma-sambhāvitāḥ stabdhā, 16.17
ātma-saṁsthaṁ manaḥ kṛtvā, 6.25
ātma-saṁyama-yogāgnau, 4.27
ātmaupamyena sarvatra, 6.32
ātmavantaṁ na karmāṇi, 4.41
ātma-vaśyair vidheyātmā, 2.64
ato ’smi loke vede ca, 15.18
atra śūrā maheṣv-āsā, 1.4
atyeti tat sarvam idaṁ viditvā, 8.28
avācya-vādāṁś ca bahūn, 2.36
avajānanti māṁ mūḍhā, 9.11
avāpya bhūmāv asapatnam, 2.8
avibhaktaṁ ca bhūteṣu, 13.17
avibhaktaṁ vibhakteṣu, 18.20
avināśi tu tad viddhi, 2.17
āvṛtaṁ jñānam etena, 3.39
avyaktādīni bhūtāni, 2.28
avyaktād vyaktayaḥ sarvāḥ, 8.18
avyaktā hi gatir duḥkhaṁ, 12.5
avyaktaṁ vyaktim āpannaṁ, 7.24
avyakta-nidhanāny eva, 2.28
avyakto ’kṣara ity uktas, 8.21
avyakto ’yam acintyo ’yam, 2.25
ayaneṣu ca sarveṣu, 1.11
ayathāvat prajānāti, 18.31
ayatiḥ śraddhayopeto, 6.37
āyudhānām ahaṁ vajraṁ, 10.28
āyuḥ-sattva-balārogya-, 17.8
ayuktaḥ kāma-kāreṇa, 5.12
ayuktaḥ prākṛtaḥ stabdhaḥ, 18.28
bahavo jñāna-tapasā, 4.10
bahir antaś ca bhūtānām, 13.16
bahūdaraṁ bahu-daṁṣṭrā-, 11.23
bahūnāṁ janmanām ante, 7.19
bahūni me vyatītāni, 4.5
bahūny adṛṣṭa-pūrvāṇi, 11.6
bahu-śākhā hy anantāś ca, 2.41
bāhya-sparśeṣv asaktātmā, 5.21
balaṁ balavatāṁ cāhaṁ, 7.11
bandhaṁ mokṣaṁ ca yā, 18.30
bandhur ātmātmanas tasya, 6.6
bhajanty ananya-manaso, 9.13
bhaktiṁ mayi parāṁ kṛtvā, 18.68
bhakto ’si me sakhā ceti, 4.3
bhaktyā mām abhijānāti, 18.55
bhaktyā tv ananyayā śakya, 11.54
bhavāmi na cirāt pārtha, 12.7
bhavān bhīṣmaś ca karṇaś ca, 1.8
bhavanti bhāvā bhūtānāṁ, 10.5
bhavanti sampadaṁ daivīm, 16.3
bhavāpyayau hi bhūtānāṁ, 11.2
bhāva-saṁśuddhir ity etat, 17.16
bhavaty atyāgināṁ pretya, 18.12
bhaviṣyāṇi ca bhūtāni, 7.26
bhavitā na ca me tasmād, 18.69
bhayād raṇād uparataṁ, 2.35
bhīṣma-droṇa-pramukhataḥ, 1.25
bhīṣmam evābhirakṣantu, 1.11
bhīṣmo droṇaḥ sūta-putras, 11.26
bhogaiśvarya-prasaktānāṁ, 2.44
bhoktāraṁ yajña-tapasāṁ, 5.29
bhrāmayan sarva-bhūtāni, 18.61
bhruvor madhye prāṇam, 8.10
bhūmir āpo ’nalo vāyuḥ, 7.4
bhuñjate te tv aghaṁ pāpā, 3.13
bhūta-bhartṛ ca taj jñeyaṁ, 13.17
bhūta-bhāvana bhūteśa, 10.15
bhūta-bhāvodbhava-karo, 8.3
bhūta-bhṛn na ca bhūta-stho, 9.5
bhūta-grāmaḥ sa evāyaṁ, 8.19
bhūta-grāmam imaṁ kṛtsnam, 9.8
bhūtāni yānti bhūtejyā, 9.25
bhūta-prakṛti-mokṣaṁ ca, 13.35
bhūya eva mahā-bāho, 10.1
bhūyaḥ kathaya tṛptir hi, 10.18
bījaṁ māṁ sarva-bhūtānāṁ, 7.10
brahma-bhūtaḥ prasannātmā, 18.54
brahmacaryam ahiṁsā ca, 17.14
brahmāgnāv apare yajñaṁ, 4.25
brahmaiva tena gantavyaṁ, 4.24
brāhmaṇa-kṣatriya-viśāṁ, 18.41
brahmāṇam īśaṁ, 11.15
brāhmaṇās tena vedāś ca, 17.23
brahmaṇo hi pratiṣṭhāham, 14.27
brahmaṇy ādhāya karmāṇi, 5.10
brahmārpaṇaṁ brahma havir, 4.24
brahma-sūtra-padaiś caiva, 13.5
bṛhat-sāma tathā sāmnāṁ, 10.35
buddhau śaraṇam anviccha, 2.49
buddher bhedaṁ dhṛteś caiva, 18.29
buddhir buddhimatām asmi, 7.10
buddhir jñānam asammohaḥ, 10.4
buddhi-yogam upāśritya, 18.57
buddhi-yukto jahātīha, 2.50
buddhyā viśuddhayā yukto, 18.51
buddhyā yukto yayā pārtha, 2.39
cañcalaṁ hi manaḥ kṛṣṇa, 6.34
cātur-varṇyaṁ mayā sṛṣṭaṁ, 4.13
catur-vidhā bhajante māṁ, 7.16
cetasā sarva-karmāṇi, 18.57
chandāṁsi yasya parṇāni, 15.1
chinna-dvaidhā yatātmānaḥ, 5.25
chittvainaṁ saṁśayaṁ yogam, 4.42
cintām aparimeyāṁ ca, 16.11
dadāmi buddhi-yogaṁ taṁ, 10.10
daivam evāpare yajñaṁ, 4.25
daivī hy eṣā guṇa-mayī, 7.14
daivī sampad vimokṣāya, 16.5
daivo vistaraśaḥ prokta, 16.6
dambhāhaṅkāra-saṁyuktāḥ, 17.5
dambho darpo ’bhimānaś ca, 16.4
daṁṣṭrā-karālāni ca te, 11.25
dāna-kriyāś ca vividhā�
��, 17.25
dānaṁ damaś ca yajñaś ca, 16.1
dānam īśvara-bhāvaś ca, 18.43
daṇḍo damayatām asmi, 10.38
darśayām āsa pārthāya, 11.9
dātavyam iti yad dānaṁ, 17.20
dayā bhūteṣv aloluptvaṁ, 16.2
dehī nityam avadhyo ’yaṁ, 2.30
dehino ’smin yathā dehe, 2.13
deśe kāle ca pātre ca, 17.20
devā apy asya rūpasya, 11.52
deva-dvija-guru-prājña-, 17.14
devān bhāvayatānena, 3.11
devān deva-yajo yānti, 7.23
dharma-kṣetre kuru-kṣetre, 1.1
dharma-saṁsthāpanārthāya, 4.8
dharmāviruddho bhūteṣu, 7.11
dharme naṣṭe kulaṁ kṛtsnam, 1.39
dharmyād dhi yuddhāc chreyo, 2.31
dhārtarāṣṭrā raṇe hanyus, 1.45
dhārtarāṣṭrasya durbuddher, 1.23
dhṛṣṭadyumno virāṭaś ca, 1.17
dhṛṣṭaketuś cekitānaḥ, 1.5
dhṛtyā yayā dhārayate, 18.33
dhūmenāvriyate vahnir, 3.38
dhūmo rātris tathā kṛṣṇaḥ, 8.25
dhyānāt karma-phala-tyāgas, 12.12
dhyāna-yoga-paro nityaṁ, 18.52
dhyānenātmani paśyanti, 13.25
dhyāyato viṣayān puṁsaḥ, 2.62
diśo na jāne na labhe ca, 11.25
divi sūrya-sahasrasya, 11.12
divya-mālyāmbara-dharaṁ, 11.11
divyaṁ dadāmi te cakṣuḥ, 11.8
dīyate ca parikliṣṭaṁ, 17.21
doṣair etaiḥ kula-ghnānāṁ, 1.42
draṣṭum icchāmi te rūpam, 11.3
dravya-yajñās tapo-yajñā, 4.28
droṇaṁ ca bhīṣmaṁ ca, 11.34
dṛṣṭvādbhutaṁ rūpam, 11.20
dṛṣṭvā hi tvāṁ, 11.24
dṛṣṭvā tu pāṇḍavānīkaṁ, 1.2
dṛṣṭvedaṁ mānuṣaṁ rūpaṁ, 11.51
dṛṣṭvemaṁ sva-janaṁ kṛṣṇa, 1.28
drupado draupadeyāś ca, 1.18
duḥkham ity eva yat karma, 18.8
duḥkheṣv anudvigna-manāḥ, 2.56
dūreṇa hy avaraṁ karma, 2.49
dvandvair vimuktāḥ, 15.5
dvau bhūta-sargau loke ’smin, 16.6
dvāv imau puruṣau loke, 15.16
dyāv ā-pṛthivyor idam, 11.20
dyūtaṁ chalayatām asmi, 10.36
ekākī yata-cittātmā, 6.10
ekam apy āsthitaḥ samyag, 5.4
ekaṁ sāṅkhyaṁ ca yogaṁ ca, 5.5
ekatvena pṛthaktvena, 9.15
ekayā yāty anāvṛttim, 8.26
eko ’tha vāpy acyuta, 11.42
eṣā brāhmī sthitiḥ pārtha, 2.72
eṣā te ’bhihitā sāṅkhye, 2.39
eṣa tūddeśataḥ prokto, 10.40
Bhagavad-Gita As It Is Page 103
