by Hall Gardner
18. NFL player Colin Kaepernick's protest against police brutality and racism during the singing of the national anthem in 2016 is a case in point. President Trump challenged the constitutional right of Kaepernick and others to symbolic protest, urging in a tweet that such individuals be “FIRED” for disrespecting the “Great American Flag (or country).” Trump's threats could become reality if waves of dishonest and hypocritical patriotism sweep the country against honest protest of telling truth to power. Bryan Flaherty, “From Kaepernick Sitting to Trump's Fiery Comments: NFL's Anthem Protests Have Spurred Discussion,” Washington Post, September 24, 2017, https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2017/sports/colin-kaepernick-national-anthem-protests-and-NFL-activism-in-quotes/?utm_term=.88e10ee1ac46 (accessed October 31, 2017).
19. Stephen Feller, “Trump Supports Waterboarding, Says Intel Officials Told Him It ‘Works,’” UPI, January 26, 2017, https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2017/01/26/Trump-supports-waterboarding-says-intel-officials-told-him-it-works/4251485406127/ (accessed November 16, 2017). See critique by Vanessa Schipani, “Trump on Torture,” FactCheck.org, July 28, 2016, last updated August 1, 2016, http://www.factcheck.org/2016/07/trump-torture/ (accessed November 16, 2017).
20. Igor Bobic, “Donald Trump Says He Would ‘Take Out’ Families of Terrorists,” Huffington Post, December 12, 2015, https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/donald-trump-families-terrorists_us_565ef81ae4b072e9d1c41f99 (accessed November 16, 2017).
21. Tom LoBianco, “Trump Softens Tone on McCain, Stands by Waterboarding Support,” CNN, February 9, 2016, http://edition.cnn.com/2016/02/09/politics/donald-trump-john-mccain-waterboarding/index.html (accessed November 16, 2017). Having supported waterboarding during the Bush administration, CIA Director Mike Pompeo made ambiguous statements in his testimony to Congress as to whether he was open to the use of waterboarding techniques, if legalized. Pompeo was also ambiguous about the collection of phone metadata and other information about Americans, including about their “lifestyle”—by the use of broad powers that were granted through the expansion of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act in 2008. Amy Davidson Sorkin, “Mike Pompeo and the Question of Torture,” New Yorker, January 12, 2017, http://www.newyorker.com/news/amy-davidson/mike-pompeo-and-the-question-of-torture (accessed October 31, 2017). By contrast, in opposition to Trump's campaign rhetoric, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, homeland security director John F. Kelly, and Attorney General Jeff Sessions, all rejected reviving the use of torture.
22. Kenneth Allard et al., “Defending the Honor of the US Military from Donald Trump,” Foreign Policy, March 16, 2016, http://foreignpolicy.com/2016/03/04/defending-the-honor-of-the-u-s-military-from-donald-trump/ (accessed October 31, 2017). “Refusing to carry out such orders will protect the rule of law and the constitutional order, of which civilian control of the military is fundamental.”
23. George W. Bush, address to a joint session of Congress, September 20, 2001; a transcript of his address is available at “Transcript of President Bush's Address,” CNN, September 21, 2001, http://edition.cnn.com/2001/US/09/20/gen.bush.transcript/ (accessed November 10, 2017).
24. UN, World Cities Report (Nairobi, Kenya: UN Habitat, 2016), http://wcr.unhabitat.org/main-report/ (accessed October 31, 2017).
25. While China has been attempting to reduce its use of coal and investing more in renewable energies, Trump has sought to boost the use of coal and shale oil. (See chapter 10.) China is nevertheless responsible for almost one-third of all oceanic plastic waste. It is time for all countries to reduce use of plastics as much as possible. Chen Ronggang, “China Is the World's Largest Consumer of Fast Food. And It's Causing Major Damage,” World Economic Forum, October 25, 2017, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2017/10/china-is-the-worlds-largest-consumer-of-fast-food-and-its-causing-major-damage (accessed November 16, 2017).
26. George Orwell, 1984 (Planet E-Book), chapter 3, p. 43.
27. Against this Orwellian vision, Russian analyst Andrei Kortunov was more or less correct to argue that “in today's conditions of total interdependence…neither the UK's withdrawal from the EU, nor China's non-participation in the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) will have the disastrous economic consequences predicted by those who love geopolitical horror stories.” Andrey Kortunov, “The Inevitable, Weird World,” Russia in Global Affairs, September 25, 2016, http://eng.globalaffairs.ru/number/The-Inevitable-Weird-World-18385 (accessed October 31, 2017). Yet, this optimistic perspective was articulated prior to the Trump administration's decision to drop out of the TPP and out of the COP 21 Global Climate Agreement. The latter actions could represent just the beginning of the unravelling of other multilateral and international accords.
Abdullah II (king), 245
Abe, Shinzo, 176, 180, 251
Abkhazia, 140, 228, 232–33
Abu Ghraib prison, 76
Aegis antimissile systems, 184
Afghanistan, 12–13, 21, 25, 29, 32, 61–62, 75, 88, 107, 129, 146, 164, 195, 211, 213, 215–19, 250, 285
Africa, 41, 107, 109, 122, 144, 151, 157, 161–62, 174, 214, 269, 271–72
Ahmed, Ismail Ould Cheikh, 202
al-Assad, Bashar, 18, 24, 38, 84, 109, 193–96, 199–201, 205–208, 211, 243–44
al-Baghdadi, Abu Bakr, 215
Al Jazeera, 75
al-Qaeda, 12, 37, 84, 88–89, 92, 193, 196–97, 203–204, 214–17, 221, 248, 282, 296, 29
alternative energy sources, 105, 157, 278
al Thani, Tamim bin Hamad, 214
Angola, 271
anti-NATO, anti-EU movements, 110–14
Arab Spring, 38, 107, 206, 208, 241
Argentina, 104, 109, 156, 266
Aristotle, 95
Armenia, 31, 118–19, 130, 146, 233–34, 250
arms control treaties/arms accords
Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty, 264
Budapest memorandum, 132
Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty, 59, 262
Missile Technology Control Regime (MCTR), 249
New Strategic Arms Reduction Talks (New START), 59, 262
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), 262, 264–65
arms race, 35–37, 57–65, 67–70, 261–65
arms sales, 63, 107, 148–49, 161, 163–64, 168, 203, 210
Artemenko, Andrii, 231–32
Artemenko Plan for Ukraine, 231–32
Asia, 35, 107, 109, 131, 144, 150, 152–53, 155–57, 161–62, 164, 180, 189–90, 205, 217, 219, 221, 250–53, 256, 281
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), 30, 152, 179, 180
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), 41, 145, 149, 153, 161–62, 178, 252, 281
Australia, 143, 145, 147, 154, 157, 161, 168, 174, 184, 200, 277
Austria, 102, 109, 110–12, 128
Azerbaijan, 31, 118–19, 130, 146, 233–34
Balkans, 97, 107, 129
ballistic missiles, 59, 149, 180, 182, 186–87, 262, 264
Baluchistan, 161, 166, 168
Bannon, Steve, 55, 112, 195
Barzani, Massoud, 209, 244
Belarus, 14, 17, 33, 39, 118–21, 130, 140, 146, 200, 226, 240, 250
Black Lives Matter, 54, 90
Black Sea, 16–17, 23, 31, 33, 123, 125–26, 128, 131, 136, 199, 205, 217, 230–31, 234, 238, 239, 240, 257, 268, 280
Brazil, 41, 109, 151, 156, 162, 200, 269, 277
Breivik, Anders Behring, 90
Brexit. See under United Kingdom
BRICS group (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa), 151, 162
BRICS New Development Bank, 151
Brunei, 145, 161, 171
Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 228
Bulgaria, 13–14, 34, 106, 108, 128, 283
Burundi, 271
Bush, George W., 12, 47, 61, 76, 91, 171, 183, 217–18, 264, 299
administration of, 61, 183, 218, 299
Canada, 132, 200, 273
Caribbean, 26, 30, 32, 115, 156, 157, 159, 267, 284
Caucasus, 2
3, 31, 36, 205, 221, 229–34, 239, 242, 268, 270, 280
frozen conflicts, 233
Cavusoglu, Mevlut, 206–207
Central African Republic, 271
Central America, 26, 32, 86
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 75
Chile, 156
China, 12, 14–15, 17–19, 21–25, 27–32, 34–37, 39, 41–45, 49, 57–58, 60, 62, 64–65, 73, 92–94, 98, 100, 106–107, 109, 121–22, 126, 128, 131, 133, 143–82, 184, 186–91, 198, 200–201, 203, 212–14, 219, 221, 223, 225–26, 250–59, 261, 263, 265–66, 269, 271, 274, 277–78, 280–81, 283–84, 290, 292, 294, 296, 301
Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ), 171, 175, 177–78, 190
arms embargo on, 106
Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), 17, 30, 107, 144, 179, 223
Chinese Investment Corporation (CIC), 30, 61, 152–53
control of global shipping, 156–61
forward edge defense, 175
Nine Dash Map, 171, 175
Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), 17, 30, 144–45, 152, 55, 160, 168, 189, 223
relations with Germany (see under Germany)
relations with India, 17, 30, 32, 41–45, 106, 143–48, 151, 155, 160–68, 184, 203, 219, 250–51, 281
relations with Japan (see under Japan)
relations with Russia (see under Russia)
relations with Taiwan (see under Taiwan)
relations with the United States (see Trump administration)
“string of pearls,” 161
Clinton, Bill, 13, 182
Clinton, Hillary, 47, 50–51, 68, 73, 76–82, 85–86, 88, 93, 116
Cold War, 9, 11, 13, 29, 32, 41, 42, 75, 80, 98, 129, 141, 163, 178, 188, 213, 270, 283, 289, 290, 300
Collins, Susan, 53
Colombia, 26, 158–59, 285
Comey, James, 72, 78–79, 93, 298
Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC), 156
confederation/confederal, 239, 244, 246, 248, 258, 281
Congo, Democratic Republic of, 270–72
Congressional Budget Office (CBO), 53, 64
contact groups, 15, 45, 265, 269, 281–82
COP 21. See United Nations, United Nations Climate Change Conference
cosmopolitanism, 57
Crimea, 11, 16–17, 18, 21–22, 31, 33, 35, 44–45, 58, 72–76, 80, 82, 83–84, 109, 116–17, 119, 123–27, 129, 130–33, 135–41, 143, 146, 149–50, 176, 180, 199, 206, 223– 225, 228–32, 234–35, 242, 252, 266, 283. See also Ukraine
Croatia, 22, 114, 128
Cruz, Ted, 68
Cuba, 26, 157–59, 285
cyber-warfare (cyber-sabotage), 13–16, 37–42, 71–84, 94, 116–17, 231–32, 184, 190, 204, 264, 279
Stuxnet malware, 40
Cyprus, 112–13, 239, 241–42
Czech Republic, 13–14, 34, 106, 108, 112, 114, 128
Dakota Access pipeline, 128, 275
Defense Intelligence Agency, 84, 205
democracy engineering, 15, 38, 39, 82, 135
democracy movements, 33, 38–39, 106, 147
Democratic Party, 73, 114
democratic reforms (US), 282–90
Djibouti, 203, 214
Donbas, 74, 119, 123, 136–37, 140, 227–28, 232–33
Donetsk, 139
dual sovereignty, 265–68
Duke, David, 55, 90
Duterte, Rodrigo, 180–81
Egypt, 32, 38, 62, 88, 144, 212, 214–15, 242, 245, 249
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 9, 16, 20, 63, 67
farewell address (1961), 20, 67
energy companies, 85, 127, 136, 277
Chevron, 125
Chornomornaftogaz, 125
ExxonMobil, 83–84, 125, 127, 136, 277
Petrochina, 125
Repsol, 125
Rosneft, 84, 93, 108, 125, 150, 214
Royal Dutch Shell, 125
Erdoğan, Tayyip, 17, 36, 207, 209, 234, 240–41
Eritrea, 214
Estonia, 100, 114, 116, 128, 131
Ethiopia, 62, 214
Euromaidan movement, 38, 81, 82, 135, 146
European Union (EU), 11, 15–16, 18, 23, 31, 33–35, 37, 44, 51, 82, 97–102, 104–10, 112–22, 126, 130–33, 135, 147, 150, 156, 200, 229–32, 236–43, 262, 268, 296, 301
arms embargo on China (since 1989), 106
Common Foreign and defense policy, 238
Eastern Partnership and neighborhood program, 118
EU enlargement, 11–12, 33–35, 118–22, 232–33, 237–41
European Coal and Steel Community, 101
relations with China, 147, 150, 156
relations with Russia/Ukraine, 11, 15, 33, 44, 82, 109–14, 118–21, 126, 130–32, 135, 147, 150, 229–32, 236–43, 268
relations with the United States/Trump, 23, 34–35, 44, 82, 97–108, 112, 121–22, 132, 200, 230–32, 236–43, 262, 268, 296
Facebook, 38, 78
fake news, 48, 73, 77, 92, 297
Falklands/Malvinas, 104, 266
Farage, Nigel, 112
Fatah, 247
Ferrand, Richard, 117
Fillon, François, 116
financial crisis (2008), 13, 20, 34, 35, 107, 110, 112–13, 121, 227, 236, 239–40
cause of, 61–62
Finland, 110, 114, 130–32, 231
Flynn, Michael, 79, 84, 205, 231
Ford, Gerald, 29
fossil fuels, 19, 66, 128, 273, 275–77, 287
France, 16, 25, 32, 34, 51, 55, 57, 63, 100–103, 106–12, 114–17, 121–22, 132–33, 137–38, 160, 163, 168, 200, 226, 237–38, 259, 265, 269, 273, 277
relations with China, 25, 34, 121, 133
relations with Germany (see under Germany)
relations with India, 106, 160, 163, 168
relations with Russia, 63, 100, 108–10, 117, 122, 132–33, 137–38, 160, 163, 168, 200, 226, 237–38, 259, 269
relations with the United Kingdom, 103
relations with the United States/NATO, 16, 34, 100, 102, 107, 112–17, 121–22, 132, 226, 237–38
F-35 fighter, 64–65, 68, 141
Fusion GPS Report, 79, 80
Gaddafi, Muammar, 12, 38
Gaza, 246–47
Georgia, 11, 23, 31, 36, 38, 44, 101, 116, 118–19, 130, 134, 228, 230, 234
Germany, 16, 23, 25, 27, 34, 49, 51, 88, 98, 100–101, 103, 105–108, 111–16, 122, 137–38, 200, 209, 211, 216, 226, 237–38, 254, 258, 266, 269, 273, 277–78, 290
relations with China, 25, 106–107, 122, 278
relations with France, 101, 103, 106, 115–16, 122, 137–38, 200, 226, 237–38, 269
relations with NATO/the United States, 23, 34, 88, 100, 105–106, 122, 237–38
relations with Trump (see Trump administration)
Gibraltar, 31, 104, 266
global warming, 122, 129, 236, 273, 279
Global War on Terrorism (GWOT), 12–13, 21, 26, 42, 44–45, 58, 61–62, 74, 98, 100, 129, 194, 220, 222, 237, 243, 247, 285, 295, 298
Gorbachev, Mikhail, 11, 33, 145, 236, 261, 264
Gore, Al, 47
Graham, Lindsey, 53, 72
Greece, 100–102, 104, 107, 109, 112–13, 115, 157, 239, 241–42, 295
financial crisis, 101, 107, 115
Port of Piraeus, 157
relations with China, 157
relations with Russia, 109, 113
relations with Turkey, 100, 239, 241–42
Group of 7 (G7), 236, 273
Group of 8 (G8), 236
Group of 20 (G–20), 267, 277
Guantanamo Bay, 76, 267
Guinea, 214
Gülen, Fethullah, 206–207, 209, 241
Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), 214
Hadi, Abd-Rabbu Mansour, 202
Haley, Nikki, 80, 123–24, 199
Hamas, 214, 247–48
hegemony, 12, 19, 27, 30–31, 41, 57, 69, 144, 174, 221, 253, 283–84, 290, 296, 299–300
Hezbollah, 193, 201, 211, 214, 221, 248
Hitler, Adolf, 82, 146
Hofer, Norbert, 111
Hollande, Francois, 100, 108, 200
Hong Kong, 147, 279
Umbrella Revolution, 147
Hungary, 13–14, 17, 34, 106–108, 112–14, 128, 283
Hussein, Saddam, 12, 203, 299
hybrid warfare, 13, 15–16, 37, 40–41, 55, 147, 215
hypersonic warheads, 59
illiberal democracy, 34, 241
immigration, 16, 19, 21, 49, 72, 86, 88–89, 105, 107–108, 111, 114, 129, 209, 285
European Union and immigration, 107–108
remittances (to Mexico), 86–87, 284
India, 14, 17, 18, 30, 32, 37, 41, 43, 45, 65, 106, 143–48, 151, 155–56, 160–68, 175, 181, 184, 198, 203, 210–11, 216, 219, 250–51, 266, 269, 281–82, 301
Kargil crisis (India/Pakistan), 164
Kashmir (India/Pakistan), 18, 32, 164–68, 216–17, 250–51, 266, 281–82
Indonesia, 145, 155, 161, 171
intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), 59, 64, 182, 187, 263
Internet/World Wide Web, 155
Iran, 12, 14, 17–18, 21–22, 24–25, 31–32, 35, 37, 40–41, 43, 45, 58, 60, 88, 100, 122, 144, 146, 186, 193, 195–96, 198–204, 209–15, 220–22, 224, 234, 243–44, 246, 248–50, 258, 261, 263–66, 269, 280, 282–83, 290, 294, 296
Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), 24–25, 211–13, 248–50, 258, 264, 269
Natanz processing plant, 40
nuclear program, 32, 173, 188, 211–12, 221, 258, 264, 269
relations with Israel, 14, 18, 25, 32, 40, 41, 45, 193–202, 209, 212–14, 220–21, 246–50, 269, 282, 296
relations with Saudi Arabia, 14, 18, 22, 25, 32, 41, 45, 193–99, 202–204, 210–14, 220–22, 234, 243, 246–50, 282
relations with Syria, 18, 25, 41, 193–203, 209–15, 220–21, 243–44, 248, 282
Iraq, 12–13, 18, 21, 25, 29, 32, 60–62, 76, 88, 107, 193–95, 199, 202–203, 205, 208–209, 212–13, 215–18, 220–21, 244, 248–49, 282, 299
war with Islamic State in Mosul, 205, 215
