by Will Durant
dialects, French, 904
Iberian, 904
Italian, 905, 1066
Tuscan, 905
“Dialogue Between Lover and Lady” (Chillo d’Alcamo), 1056
Dialogue Between a Philosopher, a few, and a Christian (Abélard), 938-939
Dialogues (Gregory I), 517, 522
diamonds, 992
Diarbekr, see Amida
Diarmuid, 84, 532
dice, 838
dicing, 668, 928
dictionaries, 396, 437
Dicuil, 497
Diderot, Denis, 266
Didier, Bishop of Cahors, 531
Dido, 1044, 1070
Dies irae (Thomas of Celano), 751, 897*
diet, 357-358, 379, 409, 999, 1001
meat in, 792
Diet (German), 646, 665
Digesta, 111-112
Digestorum artis mulomedicinae libri IV (Vegetáis), 122
Digges, Leonard, 1012
dikes, 646
Dinant, 476, 618, 623, 648
dinar, 208*
Dinawari, Abu Hanifa al-, 245
Diniz, 702, 919
Diocletian, 7, 20, 105, 108, 112, 119, 128, 428, 433, 471
Diogenes, 912, 1070
Dionysius, the Areopagite, 123, 477, 743, 965-966
Dionysius Exiguus, 125
Diophantus, 241, 990
Dioscoras, 49
Dioscorîdes, 240, 245, 408
Diotisalvi, 868
diplomacy, 431, 442, 525, 670, 691, 695, 696, 709, 763, 791, 839, 903, 919
Dir, 448
dirhem, 208*
discantus, 899
discipline, 786, 913, 915, 918, 1084
knightly, 572-573
Discourse on Method (Descartes), 327*
discussion, forbidden, 780
freedom of, 939
method of, 940
diseases, 249, 357, 379, 445, 986, 1083
contagious, 1002
eye, 330, 1002
infectious, 247
plant, 330
disbalance, numerical,” 757*
dishes, 836
dispensations, 759, 767
Dispersion, 350, 359, 382, 384, 385, 939
disputations, 921, 929, 980
poetical, 1022
public, 921, 980
dissection, 720, 988, 989, 1001
distillation, 997
Divan (Jalal), 325
Divan (Sa’di), 326
divination, 417, 433, 984, 986-987, 988, 1005
Divine Comedy, The (Dante), 270, 342, 524, 893, 905, 978, 1051, 1058, 1062, 1064, 1066-1081
diviners, 47, 1072
divorce, 113, 181, 341, 362-363, 378, 380, 526, 698, 754, 755, 825, 827-828
diwans, 272
Diwrigi, mosque of, 317
Djamasp, 144
Dnieper River, 444, 446, 447, 449, 616, 654-656
Dniester River, 22, 24, 654
Docetists, 186
“Doctors of the Church,” 55
documents, spurious, 814
doge, 605, 709
dogmas, 338, 406, 867, 934, 939, 945, 974
basic, 939
Christian, 755, 964, 966
Mohammedan, 250, 337
revealed, 336, 405
dogmatism, 266, 930, 1083
dogs, 928
hunting, 840
doles, 433, 785, 831
Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem, 229, 270, 593, 598, 607, 874, 895
domes, 303, 455, 846, 868, 895
Domesday Book, 622, 667
Dominic, St., 774, 802-804, 862, 1078
Dominica, 25
Dominicans, 401, 693, 780, 803-804, 806, 922, 955, 960, 962, 982, 988, 1014
Don Astruc (Abba Mari), 415
Don Quixote (Cervantes), 459, 578, 1086
Don River, 22, 38, 443, 444, 447, 654, 993
Donatello, 862, 889
Donati, Corso, 730-731, 1061
Gemma, 1061
Picarda, 1077
“Donation of Constantine,” 50, 526
“Donation of Pepin,” 461, 462, 525, 526
Donatists, 38, 46, 47-48, 64, 67-68, 112
Donatus, 47, 860
Donin, Nicholas, 401-402
Donnolo (Shabbathai ben Abraham), 403
“doomsday,” 733*
doors, bronze, 271, 317, 439, 467
cathedral, 848
historiated, 516
mosque, 287
Dordrecht, 474, 640, 686
Dorian mode, 895
Doric order, 128
Dorpat, 618, 664
Dorylaeum, 590, 595
Douai, 476, 615, 622, 623, 640, 642, 648, 685, 690
doubt, 332, 802, 932, 956, 1052
Doughty, Charles Montagu, 155*, 157*, 215
Douglas, James, 684
Doukhobors, 528
dowries, 379-381, 679, 691, 755-756, 823, 943
dragons, 490, 984, 999
drainage, 643, 646
drama, 515, 752, 818, 1027-1030, 1085
Christian, 752
classic, 1027, 1028
religious, 748, 897
drapery, 850, 851
Dream of Scipio (Cicero), 32
dreams, 217, 364, 1005, 1015
interpretation of, 416, 987, 1000
dress, 379, 831-834, 1084
academic, 927
design, 850, 851
peasant, 557
regulation of, 387
Roman, 861
drinks, 837
Moslem, 342
dropsy, 1001
droughts, 1003, 1019
drugs, 245-246, 342, 720, 824, 997, 999
Druids, 84
drunkenness, 358, 380, 445, 467, 470, 534, 764, 830, 837, 842, 928
Dryburgh, 683, 883
dualism, 47
Manichaean, 769
Zoroastrian, 416
dubitabilia, 952
Dublin, 682
kingdom of, 500
Dubois, Pierre, 696-697
Dubrovnik, see Ragusa
Duchesne, Louis, 58
Duccio, 657, 727, 846, 852, 854-855, 1085
duchies, 480, 481, 688
ducking stools, 568-569
duel, by champions, 568
judicial, 568, 691
dues, feudal, 555-556
dukes, 452, 511, 553, 565, 688, 690
French, 479-482
German, 661, 687
Norman, 571
Dunbar, battle of, 683
Duncan I, 501
Dundalk, 682
Dungal, 497
Duns Scotus, 406, 802, 923, 980-982, 983
Dunstan, St., 486, 491, 902
duodecimal system, 990
Durand, Guillaume, 737, 823
Durandal, 570, 1031
Durazzo, 436, 453
Durham, 501, 622, 640, 684, 752, 871
Castle, 893
Cathedral, 871-872, 874, 882
Dürnkrut, battle of, 660
Dürnstein, 673
Durrow, 532
Dutch, 646, 832
Dvina River, 447, 449, 639
dyes, 728, 997
dysentery, 986
Eadmer, 932
earls, 667
Viking, 506
earth, center of, 1069, 1073
holy, 862
life of, 992-994
rotation of, 991
sphericity of, 329
Earthly Paradise, 1073, 1075, 1077
earthquakes, 116, 316, 343, 519, 558, 871
East Anglia, 483, 484
East, arts of, 704
Byzantine, 435, 437, 627, 644, 845, 846
Christian, 58-64, 431, 468
Greek, 426, 527, 845, 909, 949, 1002, 1044
monks of, 58-61
Monophysite, 524-525
Moslem, 246, 248, 249, 271, 308-312, 559, 612, 624, 644, 845
Slavic, 391
tales and wonders from, 1018
East Indies, 242
Easter, 60, 62,
533, 738, 745, 751-752, 929
“Easter Trope,” 1028
Eastern Empire, 4, 103, 442, 443, 526, 544, 553
Ebro River, 292, 645
Ecbatana, 136
Ecclesiastical History (Sozomen), 125
Ecclesiastical History of England (Bede), 484, 490
ecclesiastics, 465, 466, 471, 521, 690, 711, 772, 784, 811, 907, 944
Eckhart, Meister, 810
eclipses, 289, 418, 1019
ecliptic, 288
Ecloga, 434
economic co-operation, 504
development, 642
heritage, 1083
life, transformation of, 552
life of woman, 826
revival, 614-619, 949
revolution, 706
statistics, 710
Economic and Social History of the Middle Ages (J. W. Thompson), 759*, 786*
economy, Byzantine, 118-135
disrupted, 340
European, 625
feudal, 558
French, 696
Islamic, 206-234
Jews in, 375-378
national, 649, 718
rural, 645
semisocialistic, 641
urban, 519
Eddas, 496, 505, 508-509, 1032
Eden, 86, 167, 227, 478, 825, 1028, 1076
Edessa, 49, 128, 132, 147, 586, 590, 592, 593, 594
Edgar, 486
“Edict Concerning Prices” (Theodoric), 98
Edinburgh, 501, 684
Edith (Edgitha), wife of Edward the Confessor, 493, 833
Edith, mistress of Harold I, 495
Edmund “Ironside,” 485, 486, 492
Edmund Rich, St., 752, 985
Edred, 486
education, 121, 123, 124, 138, 310, 327, 360, 437, 450, 465, 466, 467, 484, 486, 505, 547, 578, 765, 817, 818, 828, 831, 876, 905, 913, 915, 918, 922, 940, 953, 1083
Anglo-Saxon, 488-489
baronial, 562-563
defects of, 929-930
free and general, 466
handbook of, 979
higher, 304, 348, 383, 807, 877
Jewish, 349, 365, 372
knightly, 342
moral, 913, 1084
Moslem, 221, 235-236
sexual, 821
in Spain, 95
Edward I, 378, 392, 570, 609, 678, 679, 680, 683, 684, 695, 700, 729, 766, 812, 813, 829, 835, 901, 1085
Edward II, 611, 678, 680, 684, 841
Edward III, 90
regents for, 684
Edward the Confessor, 493, 667, 833, 870, 885, 892, 986
grave of, 752
Edward the Martyr, 486
Edward, son of Alfred, 484
Edwig, 486
Edwin, King of Northumbria, 501
Egbert, Bishop of York, 465, 488, 806
Egbert, King of Wessex, 483
Egica, 370, 375
Egidio, Brother, 959-960
Egil Skallagrimsson, 509
Egilbert, 390
Eginhard, 466, 467, 469, 470
Egypt, 3, 19, 29, 46, 49, 50, 58, 59, 61, 62, 107, 115, 117, 118, 119, 128, 134, 135, 140, 147, 149, 150, 151, 155, 156, 157, 158, 161, 191, 192, 195, 196, 202, 206, 208, 209, 210, 211, 218, 219, 227, 228, 230, 236, 238, 241, 244, 258, 261, 264, 270, 273, 276, 278, 282, 284, 285, 286-289, 292, 310, 311, 312, 313-314, 316, 318, 326, 343, 349, 367, 368, 369, 376, 397, 403, 404, 405, 411, 416, 424, 440, 442, 530, 596, 602, 603, 606, 607, 608, 617, 647, 692, 694, 716, 724, 799, 849, 857, 874, 990
Egyptians, 134, 328, 357, 436, 989
eisteddfod, 684
Ekthesis (Heraclius), 524
Elba, 622
Elbe River, 80, 443, 445, 451, 473, 510, 511, 553, 614, 618, 644, 646, 661, 665
Eleanor of Aquitane, 577, 594, 595, 622, 670, 672, 673, 674, 689, 690, 827-828, 1036, 1037
Eleanor of Castile, 835, 861
Eleazar of Mainz, 419
Eleàzer ben Isaac, Rabbi, 363, 378, 384
Eleazer of Worms, 417
electoral princes, German, 664-665
Elementa super demonstrationem ponderis (Jordanus Nemorarius), 995
Elements (Euclid), 240, 244, 910
Eleusis, 27, 440
Eleusinian Mysteries, 9, 11, 17
Elias, Brother, 802, 888, 996
Elias de Derham, 885
Elisha ben Abuyah, 353
Elizabeth of Schonau, 810
Elizabeth of Hungary, 810
Elohim, 184
Ely Cathedral, 871, 883
“Octagon,” 885
Emad-Eddin, 822
emanation theory, 337
embroidery, 487, 491, 850, 851
embryotomy, 1001
Emesa (Horns), 189, 230, 319, 592
Emico of Leiningen, 589
Emin, al-, 198, 200
emirs, 291-297, 891
Emma, wife of Cnut, 492
Emma, wife of Ethelred, 485
emperors, 349, 427, 428, 433, 435, 442*, 519, 528, 564, 687, 706, 714, 728, 729, 731, 758, 759, 763, 916
Byzantine, 290, 297, 349, 440, 472, 527, 656, 754, 907
Eastern, 452, 525, 777
Franconian, 513
German, 290, 466, 540, 545, 547, 661-665
Hohenstaufen, 1039
Holy Roman, 547, 1062
Macedonian, 441, 544
Roman, 719
Salian, 513
Western, 512
Empire State Building, New York, 1084-1085
Empedocles, 1070
enamels, 441, 530, 611, 847, 848, 849, 876, 997
encyclopedias, 241, 403, 437, 1007, 1015-1017
French, 1058
geographical, 329
Jewish, 359-360
medical, 305
poetic, 319
scientific, 979
Encyclopedia of Science (al-Farabi), 253
encyclopedists, 250, 319, 1015-1017
energy, 465, 536, 994-997, 1085
Engelbert, Archbishop of Cologne, 715
engineers, 271, 713
England, 69, 80-81, 83, 114, 236, 363, 366, 375, 387, 392, 393, 397, 401, 447, 450, 465, 473, 478, 482, 483-495, 500, 501, 502, 509, 510, 521, 522, 531, 532, 533, 537, 554, 564, 571, 575, 615, 618, 620, 622, 623, 624, 625*, 626, 628, 632, 634, 640, 645, 646, 647, 648, 663, 666-681, 682, 683, 684, 685, 688, 689, 691, 692, 695, 699, 702, 743-744, 758, 760, 762, 763, 766, 767, 784, 792, 801, 812, 813, 816, 817, 823, 828, 831, 835, 838, 839, 841, 842, 847, 850, 851, 861, 865, 868, 883, 892, 893, 894, 899, 900, 903, 905, 908*, 909, 913, 914, 920, 932, 951, 982, 986, 990, 991, 992, 1003, 1042, 1044, 1045, 1068
bishops of, 541, 542, 668
castles of, 561
Gothic in, 882-885
interdicts on, 756
Jews in, 369-370, 377
kings of, 627, 628
Norman style in, 870-872
Roman, 622
English Channel, 37, 81, 392, 465, 484, 495, 616, 617, 671, 673, 677, 882
engraving, copperplate, 849
Enguerrand de Coucy, 691
Enoch, 184, 354
entertainment, 719, 838
Enzio, 723, 724, 726
Ephesus, 11, 17, 128, 132, 427, 436, 651
Church councils at, 48, 49, 70, 431, 746
Ephthalites, 144
Ephraim, St., 1002
epics, 268-269, 325, 455, 832, 1018, 1022, 1028, 1030-1036, 1054
Epicurus, 9, 955
epicycles, 991
and eccentrics, theory of, 329
epidemics, 246, 343, 642, 894, 986, 987, 1003
epilepsy, 791, 986, 1002
Epirus, 27, 453, 605, 651, 652, 657
episcopate, 525, 543, 547, 548, 758, 914
epistemology, 204
Epístola de magnete (Petrus Peregrinus), 996
Epitome of History (Zonaras), 650
equestrian order, 552, 707
equinoxes, 242, 288
Er, vision of, 949
Erasmus, Desiderius, 365, 983
Erec et Enide
(Chrétien), 1045-1046, 1049
Eric V Glipping, King of Denmark, 666
Eric of Norway, 503
Eric IX, King of Sweden, 659
Erigena, John Scotus, 124, 450, 476-479, 484, 497, 991
Ermanaric, 24
Ernoul, 598, 603
Ernulf, 871
erudition, 331, 1025
erysipelas, 1002
Erz Gebirge, 622, 659
eschatology, 185, 249
Esdraelon, battle on, 597
espionage, 289, 295
Essay on Definitions (Isaac Israeli), 405
Essay on Intercourse (Maimonides), 409
Essay on the Manners and Morals of Europe (Voltaire), 759*
Essenes, 58, 416
estates, landed, 430, 465, 480, 552, 667, 766
three, 646, 814
Estates-General, 696, 826, 1083
Este, Azzo d’, 956
Este family, 708
Esther, 352*, 359
Esths, 659
Estonia, 618, 666
Ethandun, battle of, 484
Ethelbald, 487
Ethelbert, King of Kent, 533
Ethelfled, daughter of Alfred, 488
Ethelred I, 483
Ethelred II the Unready, 485, 492
ethics, 254, 772, 843, 966, 982
Koranic, 179-182
Talmudic, 359-364
Ethics (Aristotle), 912, 966
Ethics (Spinoza), 966
Ethiopia, 22, 119, 208, 326, 357
Ethiopica (Heliodorus), 1044
etiquette, guides to, 839
problems of, 577
Etymologiarum sine originum libri xx (Isidore of Seville), 96
Etzel (Attila), 1035
Etzelnburg, 39
Eucharist, 89, 288, 477, 544, 674, 738, 740-741, 748-749, 769, 790, 879, 1009, 1012
Euclid, 99, 244, 248, 321, 910, 911, 990, 1011
Eudocia, daughter of Valentinian III, 41
Eudocia, wife of Basil the Macedonian, 428, 429
Eudocia, wife of Romanus IV, 431
Eudocia Augusta, wife of Theodosius II, 103
Eudoxia, wife of Arcadius, 64
Eudoxia, wife of, Valentinian III, 41
Eugene “the Emir,” 912
Eugenius III, 388, 594, 662, 707
Eugenius, Roman emperor, 26, 35
Eulogius, 300, 301
Eumenius, 121
Eunapius, 9, 125
eunuchs, 222, 376, 433, 437, 554
Euphrates River, 19, 108, 136, 142, 143, 146, 151, 192, 206, 231, 241, 292, 616
Euphronius of Autun, 57
Euric, 87, 88, 95
Euripides, 605
Europe, 22, 43, 80-102, 127, 128, 136, 140, 156*, 206, 207, 208, 209, 237, 242, 245, 246, 247, 249, 264, 270, 277, 279, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 298, 299, 305, 312, 321, 330, 340, 349, 369, 376, 380, 389, 400, 401, 403, 404, 405, 410, 416, 424, 431, 442, 443, 444, 450, 454, 458, 459, 461, 468, 502, 506, 509, 514, 515, 525, 531, 547, 548, 549, 551, 559, 575, 578, 579, 586, 588, 590, 593, 595, 598, 602, 608, 610, 612, 613, 614, 616, 624, 626, 628, 629, 635, 641-642, 649, 657, 661, 665, 673, 685, 688, 692, 695, 697, 698, 703, 704, 709, 710, 717, 720, 722, 723, 726, 757*, 760, 777, 783, 786*, 802, 803, 805, 806, 811, 817, 818, 828, 831, 835, 837, 840, 842, 844, 845, 849, 861, 863, 869, 871, 876, 893, 906, 909, 912, 913, 916, 923, 928, 945, 964, 966, 980, 982, 984, 990, 992, 999, 1002, 1012, 1018, 1020, 1044, 1081, 1083
