The interviews, documents and observations that led to our conclusions at the start of this chapter are too numerous to list, but here are some important materials used in the analysis: New World Utopias, by Paul Kagan (Penguin, 1975); March 1979 speech by C. Eric Lincoln, professor of sociology and religion at Duke University, while in San Francisco; Los Angeles Times article on cults by Dr. Louis Jolyon West and Richard Delgado, Nov. 26, 1978; House Foreign Relations Committee Report on the Assassination of Rep. Leo Ryan; Los Angeles Daily Journal, Dec.1,1978, article by Richard Delgado on “Religious Totalism....”
31. FLIGHT OF THE PRINCESS
INTERVIEWS
Grace and Tim Stoen; Joyce Shaw; Walt Jones; Mike Touchette; Stephan Jones.
MATERIALS
Temple tapes of conversations between Grace Stoen and Jim Jones, from church files; Lynetta Jones’s written accounts of John Stoen from church files; various legal documents signed by Grace and Tim Stoen, from church files.
32. ONE GALLANT, GLORIOUS END?
INTERVIEWS
Marvin Swinney; Jeannie and Al Mills; Walter Jones; Joyce Shaw; Sam and Nadyne Houston; Garry Lambrev in 1977; Sandy Bradshaw; Stephan Jones; Grace Stoen; Fresno Four member George Gruner; Fresno Bee City Editor Ray Steele; Associated Press co-workers of Sam Houston who attended Bob Houston’s funeral.
MATERIALS
Introductory quote from Jim Jones from Temple tape of Redwood Valley meeting, obtained under FOIA from FBI (Q454); police and coroner reports on Bob Houston’s death; affidavits from Carolyn Layton and Harriett Tropp on the church attempts to silence Joyce Shaw, dated Oct. 10, 1978.
33. PRESIDENTIAL EMBRACE
INTERVIEWS
Agar Jaicks and other members of the Democratic Central Committee; Cecil Williams; Examiner reporter Lon Daniels; sources on Mrs. Carter’s advance team; Charles Gain, Robert Mendelsohn, Milton Marks, Willie Brown, Carlton Goodlett, Charles Garry, Marge Boynton, Walter Heady, George Hunter and some members of the Fresno Four who attended the Jones testimonial.
MATERIALS
Fall 1976 issues of Peoples Forum on Jones-Mondale; tape of the Jones-Rosalynn Carter conversation obtained under FOIA after recovery in Jonestown; correspondence between Jones and Mrs. Carter from Temple files; Peoples Forum stories, Temple film and other files on the Sept. 1976 testimonial; White Night, by John Peer Nugent (Rawson Wade Publishers, Inc., 1979).
34. THE WRITING ON THE WALL
INTERVIEWS
Stephan Jones; Mike Touchette; Grace Stoen; Tim Stoen; Walter and Charlotte Baldwin; Marshall Kilduff; Joseph Freitas on the Julie Smith article and church inquiries about it; district attorney’s investigators, including Dave Reuben ; Sandy Bradshaw; Steve Katsaris; William Hunter by the San Francisco Examiner’s James A. Finefrock, and in January 1982 by Reiterman; Don Canter; John Egan. David Jenkins; Steve Gavin; Katy Butler.
MATERIALS
San Francisco Examiner library stories on Yvonne Golden; and article about Opportunity High School by Nancy Dooley in the San Francisco Examiner, Dec. 12, 1978; Summer 1977 Temple tapes of conversations between Grace Stoen and Jim Jones and between Grace Stoen and Tim Stoen; transcripts of the same; Jan.-March 1977 Peoples Forum; New West magazine of Aug. 1977 on Kilduff’s earlier attempts at publication; documents regarding the guardianship and power of attorney over John Stoen from church files; copy of Tim Stoen diary and postcard to Chaikin from church files; the Temple’s organizational blueprint, undated but calling for migration to Caribbean; Temple documents and the results of church FOIA requests to the FCC, Treasury Department, FBI and others; Oct. 10, 1978, affidavit of Harriet Tropp regarding the Georgetown legal conferences, and a similar one from Gene Chaikin; memos marked “To JJ, from TB,” from Temple files; memos from Debbie Touchette and others from Temple files; accounts of suicide protest published in Nov. 1978 in San Francisco and Indianapolis; church files on Stoen defection.
35. SCANDAL
INTERVIEWS
Marshall Kilduff; Phil Tracy in 1977; Cecil Williams; Bill Barnes regarding his story in the Examiner; Carlton Goodlett; political figures including three Democratic Central Committee members; State Assemblyman Art Agnos; over 18 defectors including Mickey Touchette, Jim Cobb, Wayne Pietila, Grace Stoen and the Millses; George Moscone, Willie Brown, Mervyn Dymally and other politicians interviewed by the Examiner in 1977; Dave Reuben and Bob Graham of the district attorney’s office.
MATERIALS
April 1977 Peoples Forum; Aug. 1977 New West; Bill Barnes’s June 11, 1977, story on Temple anti-New West campaign; police reports on “break-in” at New West; Temple transcript of July 31, 1977, rally, and Peoples Forum accounts of it; Aug. 7, 1977, Examiner and other issues; Peoples Temple files on the Housing Authority; Herb Caen column Aug.18,1977; district attorney’s investigative report on Peoples Temple, Sept. 1977.
36. EXODUS
INTERVIEWS
Marshall Kilduff; Harold Turley; mutual friends and relatives of the Edwardses ; immigration sources; Sandy Bradshaw; Archie Ijames; Debbie Blakey; Los Angeles district attorney’s investigator Steve Ramirez; Sam Houston, Veronica Perry, Freddy Lewis interview from Peter H. King of San Francisco Examiner; Mike Prokes with Reiterman, 1977; Mike Touchette and Stephan Jones on early Jonestown; Dave Reuben and other sources within San Francisco district attorney’s office. Information on Temple bank accounts from interviews with former members, including Tim Stoen and Debbie Blakey, and an Examiner interview with Teri Buford; also, Buford’s interview with House Foreign Affairs Committee investigators.
MATERIALS
Temple travel records on Le Flora Townes; Temple exodus forms and records; 1979 reports from both State Department and the House Foreign Affairs Committee on assassination of Rep. Leo Ryan; Jonestown skills forms; radio communications intercepted by ham radio operator “R. V. Peacock” listening to Jonestown transmissions for the Examiner.
37. HEAVEN ON EARTH?
INTERVIEWS
Stephan Jones; Mike Touchette; Charlotte and Walter Baldwin; Mike Carter; Dale Parks; Mrs. B. who requested anonymity.
MATERIALS
Marceline’s letters home to her parents, provided by the Baldwins; Peoples Temple tape recording of Jones and Jerry obtained under FOIA from FBI, dated Oct. 21, 1976, labeled Q735; Jonestown progress report to the government, summer 1977; Temple death list compiled Nov. 1978.
38. CLOSE ENCOUNTERS
INTERVIEWS
Joe Mazor; district attorney’s sources and federal sources; Charles Garry and Pat Richartz; Grace Stoen and Walt Jones; World Airways spokesmen; Jeannie and Al Mills; Duncan James; Marvin and Jackie Swinney; Mendocino County Sheriff Tom Jondahl; Sandy Bradshaw; Tim Stoen; Archie Ijames; Treasury Department sources; Amos, a streetperson; Leon Broussard; Mr. and Mrs. B.; Stephan Jones; “Skip” Roberts; State Department officials familiar with the Broussard affair.
MATERIALS
San Francisco Examiner clippings (April 11 and May 11, 1971) on Joe Mazor’s prison term; Mazor’s criminal record and June 8, 1965, probation report from Temple files; Temple files on the customs investigation; Temple radio transmissions intercepted by Examiner ham; Temple correspondence with U.S. Customs; Temple notes on intercepted customs report routed through Interpol to Guyanese police; Sept. 1977 affidavit of Dennis Banks; Mendocino County property records obtained by the Examiner and property information obtained by Reiterman from Joyce Shaw and others; church files on care homes and children’s homes; the Sharon Amos documents found by AP’s Peter Arnett; House assassination report; documents obtained from customs under FOIA on Temple gun purchases and smuggling; inventory of guns recovered at Jonestown Nov. 1978.
39. SIEGE
INTERVIEWS
State Department officials familiar with the Broussard affair; Stephan Jones; Leon Broussard; Sandy Bradshaw; Jeff Haas; Clarence Hughes; Sir Lionel Luckhoo; Mike Carter, Pat Richartz; Charles Garry; Dr. Carlton Goodlett; Juanita Bogue; a Guyanese constable.
MATERIALS
Peoples Temple tapes of the siege from church files; a two-week written chronology of the period written by Carolyn Layton; testimony of Teri Buford and Mark Lane to the House Committee on Foreign Affairs; documents on the Stoen case from the legal file of Clarence Hughes; copies of letters furnished by Guyanese sources; Federal Communications Commission cable transcripts obtained by the Temple under FOIA, and now in church files; Temple tape recording recovered at Jonestown, by the FBI.
40. ON THE DEFENSIVE
INTERVIEWS
Charles Garry; Pat Richartz; Marshall Bentzman; Stephan Jones; Sam and Nadyne Houston; Tom Tuttle; Joyce Shaw; Leo Ryan; Phyllis Houston; interviews with Concerned Relatives.
MATERIALS
Streetfighter in the Courtroom, by Charles Garry and Art Goldberg (E. P. Dutton, 1977); Teri Buford letter; tapes of Charles Garry recorded by the Temple and obtained from FBI under FOIA (Q708); Temple records on lewd conduct case and David Kwan letter; Reiterman’s Nov. 18, 1977, story on the Houston family; the Temple’s legal files.
41. SINS OF THE FATHER
INTERVIEWS
Grace Stoen, Tim Stoen, Jeff Haas; Debbie Blakey; Jim Jones by Reiterman; Jean Brown; political figures in San Francisco, including Willie Brown, and Agar Jaicks and John Maher of Delancey Street Foundation; Steve Katsaris; Richard McCoy; Howard and Beverly Oliver.
MATERIALS
California court documents on Stoen custody case; Temple files and notes about the San Francisco hearing; Nov. 25, 1977, Tim Stoen letter to Jones; radio transmissions obtained by the Temple from the FCC under FOIA; affidavits of Bruce and Billy Oliver from Temple files (interviews done by Charles Garry).
42. WHITE NIGHTS
INTERVIEWS
Stephan Jones; Mike Touchette; the Bogue family, especially Juanita Bogue; the Parks family, especially Dale Parks; Mike Carter; Tim Carter; Mike Prokes; Sandy Bradshaw; Charlotte and Walter Baldwin; Sharon Mills; Richard Dwyer and State Department officials who declined use of their names.
MATERIALS
DeeDee Lawrence school book recovered at Jonestown by San Francisco Examiner reporter Peter H. King in Dec. 1978; Temple tape obtained under FOIA from FBI, dated Dec. 12, 1977, and labeled Q938; inventory of Jones quarters from Jacobs’s visit Nov. 1979; Internal Revenue Service documents obtained under FOIA by the Temple; Temple tapes obtained under FOIA, dated April 12-13, 1978, and labeled Q635-40 and Q588-94; letters from Marceline Jones to her parents, spring 1978; appendix to House Foreign Affairs Committee report, p. 137.
43. SECESSIONS AND SKIRMISHES
INTERVIEWS
Debbie Blakey; various State Department sources; Jeff Haas; Stephan Jones; Mike Touchette; Mike Carter; Sandy Bradshaw; Dr. Laurence Layton; Steve Katsaris; Jeannie and Al Mills; Sam Houston; Clare Bouquet; Sherwin Harris; George Hunter; Howard and Beverly Oliver; Tim Stoen; Charles Garry; Tim Carter; Pat Richartz; Jim Cobb on Stoen lawsuits.
MATERIALS
The Amos documents, about 150 pages of Temple documents and memos recovered at Jonestown in Nov. 1978 by AP reporter Peter Arnett; a May 12,1978, memo from Karen Layton to Jones; a Debbie Touchette memo on May 13, 1978, to Jones; a May 13, 1978, Terry Carter memo to Jones, and a July 15, 1978, memo from Karen Layton to Jones regarding Lisa Layton; the Temple’s “decision to die” statement in a letter by Pam Moton to the U.S. House of Representatives; news accounts of the Concerned Relatives protest April 1978; Concerned Relatives petitions and briefs; Temple files on Brian Bouquet letters; Clare Bouquet correspondence with officials.
44. 41 LAMAHA GARDENS
INTERVIEWS
Stephan Jones, Mike Touchette, Mike Carter, Tim Carter, Mike Prokes, “Skip” Roberts (Guyana police assistant commissioner); Paula Adams; Sandy Bradshaw; Dale Parks; Brindley Benn; several State Department officials, including Richard Dwyer and Douglas Ellice; Tim Stoen; Sir Lionel Luckhoo; Clarence Hughes; Jose Louis DeSilva; Cecil Griffith; Paul Persaud; Father Andrew Morrison; Mrs. Harold Boilers; a number of other Guyanese officials; former officials and journalists; diplomats from other countries.
MATERIALS
The “Amos documents,” obtained by AP’s Peter Arnett, specifically March 3, 1978, memo by Sharon Amos, a March 22, 1978, memo from Amos, an undated unsigned memo to Jones; March 1978, May 19, 1978, March 9, March 7, Feb. 27 memos from Amos to Jones; an Aug. 25, 1978, Marceline Jones memo to Jones; Guyana purchase orders from Temple files; copies of Benn’s newspaper articles on the Temple.
45. NO NEWS IS GOOD NEWS
INTERVIEWS
George Hunter; Tim Carter; C. A. “Skip” Roberts of the Guyana police; Richard Dwyer and State Department officials familiar with these events; Gordon Lindsay; Mike Prokes; Reiterman’s numerous interviews with Social Security Administration officials for 1979 stories in the San Francisco Examiner, including Fred Adams, Fred Young, Ed Kramer, Howard Rolland and Al Bartoli.
MATERIALS
The May 1979 House Foreign Affairs Committee and the State Department reports on the Ryan assassination; Kathy Hunter’s journal, published in the Guyana Chronicle in a special Jonestown edition, Dec. 1978; Gordon Lindsay’s unpublished account of his Temple coverage, “Legacy of Fear”; Social Security Administration documents obtained under FOIA by the San Francisco Examiner, copies of Ambassador Burke’s cable to Washington and the State Department reply.
46. THE DOWNWARD SPIRAL
INTERVIEWS
Tim Carter; Mike Carter; Mike Touchette; Stephan Jones; Sandy Bradshaw; Dale Parks.
MATERIALS
Nearly 300 “Dear Dad” letters recovered from Jonestown by various news correspondents, including Jacobs; Temple tape recording obtained under FOIA, dated April 17, 1978, labeled Q736.
47. CON GAMES AND HIJINKS
INTERVIEWS
Don Freed; Pat Richartz; Charles Garry; Joe Mazor; Stephan Jones; Carlton Goodlett; Paul Jarrico; Jeff Haas; Gordon Lindsay.
MATERIALS
Tape of Don Freed’s speech at Jonestown and comments on the Temple’s Georgetown, Guyana, radio show; Mark Lane’s speeches in Jonestown and San Francisco, and transcripts of news conferences following his Jonestown visit; tape and transcript of St. Francis Hotel meeting; miscellaneous newspaper and magazine articles about Lane, including Feb. 13, 1979, Esquire and Aug. 1979 Mother Jones; testimony of Lane and Teri Buford before the House Foreign Affairs Committee investigators; undated letter of intent for film on Jonestown; St. Francis Hotel bills for Lane and Freed, Sept. 5, 1978; Jim Jones letter to Jarrico, Aug. 2, 1978; Sept. 5, 1978, note on hotel meeting, signed by Freed; tape of Garry and Mazor after their Jonestown visit; transcript of Lane’s Sept. 20, 1978, news conference, Georgetown; the legal counteroffensive documents; Temple transcripts of Lane’s statements, as reported on San Francisco radio stations; newspaper clippings from San Francisco radio stations; newspaper clippings from San Francisco Examiner of Lane’s Oct. 3, 1978, San Francisco news conference; Temple notes on negotiations with Lane and various Gene Chaikin legal memos; Jonestown tape on Oct. 2, 1978, regarding Enquirer article; Jean Brown Dec. 3, 1978, affidavit regarding payments to Lane.
48. IN THE HANDS OF A MADMAN
INTERVIEWS
Stephan Jones; Mike Touchette; Lee Ingram; Dale Parks; Mike Carter; Tim Carter.
MATERIALS
Temple tape recordings recovered by FBI from Jonestown and obtained under FOIA—Oct. 1, 1978, Q352, Oct. 2, Q401, undated labeled Q271; records of punishments recovered from typed “Instructions” of Oct. 16, 17 and 20, 1978, found by San Jose Mercury reporter Peter Carey; inventory of Jonestown drugs from San Francisco Examiner article of Dec. 28, 1978, by reporters James A. Finefrock, Peter H. King and Nancy Dooley; undated Temple recording after Timofeyev visit of Oct. 1, labeled Q393 by the FBI.
49. THE CONGRESSMAN, AND OTHERS
INTERVIEWS
Sam Houston; Leo Ryan; Clare Bouquet; Clement Zablocki; congressional staffers of House Foreign Affairs Committee; the Ryan family; backgrounders with various State Department officials; Charles
Garry; Steve Katsaris; Debbie Blakey; Douglas Ellice, Jr.; Pat Richartz; Sandy Bradshaw; Dr. Carlton Goodlett; Marshall Bentzman; Archie Ijames; Paula Adams; Tim Carter.
MATERIALS
The State Department and House Foreign Affairs Committee reports in May 1979; tape recording recovered from Jonestown and obtained under FOIA, dated Nov. 11, 1978, and labeled Q708; Dec. 9, 1978, article by Joseph B. Treaster, New York Times; Mark Lane and Teri Buford testimony to House Foreign Affairs Committee investigators.
50. THE EYE OF THE STORM
INTERVIEWS
Charlotte and Walter Baldwin; Sharon Mills; Stephan Jones; Mike Touchette ; Douglas Ellice; Dale Parks; Teena Bogue; Juanita Bogue; Jim Bogue; Monica Bagby; Jim Cobb; Harold Cordell and Mike Carter.
MATERIALS
Temple tape recordings obtained under FOIA, dated Nov. 5, 1978, and labeled Q161; tape undated but most likely late Oct. or early Nov., labeled Q341; tape dated Nov. 8, 1978, and labeled Q175; Ellice’s Dec. 1978 cable to the State Department.
51. EN ROUTE
INTERVIEWS
Sam Houston; Gordon Lindsay; Joe Holsinger; Jackie Speier; Charles Garry; various individuals at the Chronicle; Jeannie and Al Mills, and management at the rooming house where Carter stayed; Tim Carter; free-lance photographer Terry Schmidt; Fran Ortiz and other colleagues of Greg Robinson; several State Department officials; Don Harris and Steve Sung; Temple transcripts of interviews conducted at the send-off chicken dinner Nov. 13, 1978; Sandy Bradshaw ; Carlton Goodlett; Concerned Relatives, including Tim Stoen, Jim Cobb, Mickey Touchette, Steve Katsaris, the Houstons, Clare Bouquet, the Olivers, Bonnie Thielmann; Leo Ryan; Bob Flick; Guyana officials at Washington Embassy; Guyana and State Department officials in Georgetown.
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