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Picture credits
All images are by the author except:
1 Stromness: Sarah Annesley.
3 Inchmarnock hostage stone: Headland Archaeology Ltd/Chris Lowe; Wikimedia Commons.
9 Sea Stallion of Glendalough: photo by Frank Spiers.
11 Norse runes at Maes Howe: Sarah Annesley.
23 Treaty of Aelfred and Guthrum: Corpus Christi Library, Cambridge.
27 The Stockholm Codex Aureus : Wikimedia Commons.
28 The Alfred jewel: Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford, UK /Bridgeman Images.
32 The Cuerdale hoard: JMiall; Wikimedia Commons.
38 Fierce beast from St Oswald’s Priory: Fæ; Wikimedia Commons.
46 Frontispiece of Bede’s Life of St Cuthbert; Wikimedia Commons.
50 Raven penny of Óláfr Guðrøðsson, king of York: Arthur Bryant Coins Limited. www.bryantcoins.com
Acknowledgements
There is now an overwhelming amount of literature on the Viking Age in Britain. In acknowledging the debt I owe to all those scholars on whose work I have leant, I apologize for any errors of interpretation or fact. Any omission of credit on my part is inadvertent. I am grateful to Professor Sam Turner of the University of Newcastle Department of History, Classics and Archaeology, for affording me invaluable research facilities as a Visiting Fellow. I would particularly like to thank the following for their help or advice along the way: Werner Karrasch, the brilliant photographer at Roskilde Ship Museum; my cousin Anya, who introduced us; my old friend Jacqui Mulville; colleagues and friends in the Bernician Studies Group; Professor Diana Whaley for all sorts of help with language and place names; Peter Fitzgerald, for kindly showing me Ecgberht’s stone in Penselwood; and Paul Blinkhorn for acting as a ceramic fact-checker. My thanks also go to Dr Lynne Ballew for reading the text and making many invaluable suggestions for improving it. My editor, Richard Milbank, has been unfailingly encouraging, sympathetic and sharp
-eyed. A book is only half a book until it has been through its publisher’s hands. The designers and production staff at Head of Zeus are similarly owed a great debt of gratitude for bringing Ælfred’s Britain to life with style. Finally, a thank you to the diggers: the archaeologists who tough it out in the field, who give us hope of drawing back the veil that hides our ancestors from us.
Index
Please note: Because pages in eBooks are not fixed, the page references in the index will not be stable. Please use the search function of your reader to locate the position of the entries in the text
A
Aachen, 57
Abercorn, 165, 166
Acleah, battle of, 93, 220
Adulf mcEtulf, 361
Æbbe (sister of King Oswald), 117
Æðelbald, king of Mercia, 33, 41, 121, 126
Æðelbald, king of Wessex, 93, 95
Æðelberht, king of Kent and Wessex, 94, 95
Æðelflæd, Lady of the Mercians (Ælfred’s daughter), 273
builds fortress at Bremesburh, 279
plan to conquer Danish Mercia and East Anglia, 161
captures Derby, 287, 299–300
dies at Tamworth, 302
grants land to Ingimund, 239–44
refortifies vill at Kingsholm, 275–76
takes Leicester, 287
marries Ealdorman Æðelred, 187, 239
rules Mercia, 239
acquires Oswald’s relics from Bardney, 274
builds forts at Scergeat and Bridgnorth, 282–84
refounds burh at Worcester, 185
treaty with York, 302
Æðelgifu, 233–34
Æðelheard, archbishop of Canterbury, 10, 34, 35
Æðelnoth, ealdorman of Somerset, 143, 218
Æðelred (d.871), king of Wessex (Ælfred’s brother), 94, 95, 96, 102, 109–10, 112
Æðelred (d.911), ealdorman of Mercia (Ælfred’s godson), 176, 178, 186, 188, 209, 210, 211, 212, 214, 215, 228
loyalty to Ælfred, 213
submits to Ælfred, 177
control of Cheshire, 190
surrounds Roman fort of Chester, 215
dies, 279–80
campaign against Gwynedd, 177
