Tschol (chief of Wadj Koing), ref1
Turanshah, ref1, ref2
Turin Erotic Papyrus, ref1
tusks
elephant, ref1, ref2
trade in, ref1, ref2
hippos, ref1
Tutsi tribe, ref1
as children of Ham, ref1
and Hutu, ref1
Tutsi/Hutu massacres (1971 and 1994), ref1, ref2, ref3
Twa tribe (pygmies), ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Twin Towers collapse, ref1
Umm Sabrine, ref1
United States see America (United States)
Van der Post, Laurens, ref1, ref2
Victoria, Lake, ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
British plans, ref1
and Lake Albert, ref1, ref2
relative heights, ref1
and Owen Falls, ref1
perch in, ref1
and Ripon Falls, ref1
as source of the Nile, ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
and Tutsi/Hutu massacre, ref1
see also Kasensero landing place; Owen Falls; Ripon Falls
Virgin Mary see Mary (mother of Jesus)
visions of the Virgin Mary, ref1
war(s)
American Civil War as model of future warfare, ref1
ancient Egypt, ref1, ref2
armaments as proportion of injuries, ref1
effect of war, ref1
elephant wars 1868, ref1, ref2
preparations, ref1, ref2
Franco-Prussian, ref1
religious perspective, ref1
religious war in Abyssinia, ref1
and technological improvements, ref1
war effects, ref1
world wars and the Nile, ref1, ref2, ref3
see also battles; River War
Warasura tribe, ref1
water
in Cairo, ref1, ref2
dowsing, ref1, ref2
weapons
battle of Omdurman, ref1
see also guns
weather, cold or wet weather in Egypt, ref1, ref2
Wegener, Alfred, ref1
Werne, Ferdinand, on source of the Nile, ref1, ref2
West, Johnny, ref1, ref2
White Nile, ref1
character, ref1
source, Stanley’s discovery, ref1
whitewater rafting see rafting
Willcocks, Sir William, ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
and Cromer, Lord, ref1
Wingate, Orde, ref1, ref2
witchdoctors, ref1
Wolseley, General Lord
as leader of Gordon Relief Expedition, ref1, ref2
request for Canadian boatmen, ref1
women
at the battle of the Nile, ref1
as breeding machines, ref1
disguised as men on ships, ref1
working sailboat on the Nile in 21st C, ref1
Young, Thomas (polymath), ref1, ref2
Zeitoun, ref1
Zerzura/Zerzura Club, ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
PLATE SECTION
Papyrus survives even to this day buried in the sands at Oxyrhynchus near the Nile. A piece of papyrus from the Book of the Dead, Late Eighteenth Dynasty, 1350–1300 BC.
Croc skin is reinforced with bony osteoderms, making it the original armour. Back view of a crocodile-skin suit of armour discovered near Manfalut, third century AD.
A 2,000-year-old map that is still substantially correct.
A fifteenth-century version of Ptolemy’s Map with the Mountains of the Moon indicated as the source of the Nile.
The Nile’s flood was used to float the blocks needed to build the pyramids. The Great Pyramid of Cheops reflected in the Nile overflow.
The brainchild of William Willcocks, fitness fanatic and religious scholar: the first Aswan Dam, looking north, c.1936.
The seventh crusade made the Nile, seen here in the background, run red with Frankish blood; from Les Grandes Chroniques de France, fifteenth-century French illumination.
The central pillar of the Nilometer on Rhoda Island measured the Nile’s flood throughout the artistic splendour of the Islamic period.
Nelson 1; Napoleon 0. The Battle of the Nile,
1 August 1798 at 10 p.m., as depicted by Thomas Luny, 1834.
The unspeakable Speke’s final triumph: Speke and Grant’s map of their route from Zanzibar to the Nile.
The Tissisat Falls sees the source of the mighty Blue Nile.
The sole picture of the photosensitive Flaubert in Cairo.
The epitome of romance, from Flaubert to Agatha Christie: a late nineteenth-century dahabiya in Cairo.
The best river swimmers in the world. Boys shooting the rapids of the Nile on logs. c.1901.
The inundation: a scene you’ll never see today now the Nile is dammed. Cairo, c.1898.
Gordon had many chances to leave. Finally, it was just too late. General Gordon’s Last Stand, by George William Joy.
Sadat tried shouting at them to stop . . . Egyptian soldiers fire at President Anwar Al-Sadat while reviewing a military parade on 6 October 1981.
At the Murchison Falls the whole Nile is forced through a six-metre gap, falling a height of only forty-three metres.
When not in flood, the Blue Nile is dwarfed by the White Nile. In flood, this is where the Red Nile begins. Aerial photograph of the confluence of the Blue and White Nile, taken from the Columbia space shuttle.
By Robert Twigger
Angry White Pyjamas: An Oxford Poet Trains with the Tokyo Riot Police
Big Snake: The Hunt for the World’s Longest Python
The Extinction Club
Being a Man
Voyageur: Across the Rocky Mountains in a Birchbark Canoe
Lost Oasis: A Desert Adventure: In Search of Paradise
Real Men Eat Puffer Fish
Dr Ragab’s Universal Language (a novel)
Red Nile: A Biography of the World’s Greatest River
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Robert Twigger is a British author, poet and adventurer. After attending Oxford University he trained with the Tokyo Riot Police, which became the subject of his bestselling book Angry White Pyjamas. He has been awarded the Newdigate Award for Literature and the William Hill Sports Book of the Year Award. He led the first expedition to cross the Great Sand Sea of the Egyptian Sahara solely on foot and another that was the first since 1793 to cross western Canada in a birchbark canoe. He is the author of nine books, both fiction and non-fiction, as well as several collections of poetry.
www.roberttwigger.com
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COPYRIGHT
A Phoenix Paperbacks ebook
First published in Great Britain in 2013 by Weidenfeld & Nicolson
Ebook first published in 2013 by Weidenfeld & Nicolson
This ebook published in 2014 by Phoenix
© Robert Twigger 2013
The right of Robert Twigger to be identified as the author
of this work has been asserted in accordance with the
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of the publisher, nor to be otherwise circulated in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published without a similar condition, including this condition, being imposed on the subsequent purchaser.
A CIP catalogue record for this book
is available from the British Library.
ISBN: 9
78-0-2978-6650-3
The Orion Publishing Group Ltd
Orion House
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London, WC2H 9EA
An Hachette UK company
www.orionbooks.co.uk
Red Nile: The Biography of the World’s Greatest River Page 58
