Bridgewater, Katherine Daubeney, Countess of (aunt):
arraignment of, 317
arrest of, 307
burial of, 324n
CH compared to, 333
children of, 50, 281, 307, 324–25
and CH’s appointments as queen, 108, 109, 110, 155
CH’s relationship with, 49, 82, 96, 306
and CH’s relationship with Dereham, 63–64, 306
and Ferrers, 49–50
marriages of, 20, 49–51, 127, 198, 316, 324–25
pardoning of, 324–25
personality of, 20
Privy Council’s interrogation of, 305–6
sentencing of, 315, 318
trial by peers, 311
Brion, Philippe de Chabot, Seigneur de, 294
Browne, Anthony, 101, 148, 233, 266, 283, 306, 318
Buckingham, Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of, 24, 41, 134, 317
Buggery Statute of 1533, 1–2, 180, 190
Bullinger, Heinrich, 217
Bulmer, Joan:
arraignment of, 311
arrest of, 307
and CH’s impending marriage to Henry VIII, 105–8, 110
CH’s relationship with, 47, 58, 64
Henry Manox on, 267–68
marriages of, 76, 323–24
pardoning of, 323
Privy Council’s interrogation of, xx, 108, 290, 291, 303
and Queen’s household, 148
Burnet, Gilbert, Bishop of Salisbury, 196, 230, 231, 232, 316
Busebryge, James, 213–14
Campbell, James, 171
Carew, George, 107, 127
Carew, Nicholas, 73
Carey, Katherine, 16, 78, 127
Carmarthen Castle, Wales, 49–50
Caroline of Ansbach, Queen of Great Britain, 150
Catherine de Medici, Queen of France, 99, 260
Catherine de Valois, Queen of England, 241
Catherine Howard, Queen of England and Ireland:
and All Saints’ Mass, 262, 264, 266
baptism of, 17–19
biographies of, xvii–xviii, 35, 112
birth date of, 14–16, 163, 166, 192
burial of, 322, 327n, 332, 332n
closet of, 128, 140
coronation plans for, 187–88, 199, 204
correspondence of, 227, 264
crown of, 136
and death of father, 66, 67
early life of, 37–39, 47
early romances of, 48–49, 53–56, 57, 58, 59–60, 62, 63–66, 68, 71, 74, 76, 80, 84–85, 96, 108–10, 135
education of, 40–41, 44–47, 51, 53, 135
execution of, xxii, 1, 320–21, 320n
family background of, 19–26
Henry VIII’s affair with, 97, 164, 208, 301
Henry VIII’s attraction to, 77, 96, 97, 120
Henry VIII’s intention to marry, 102–3
Henry VIII’s relationship with, 113–14, 116–17, 119, 120, 124, 129, 140–42, 148, 157, 175–76, 199, 206–7
heraldic device of, 140–41
and Holy Week, 191–92, 193, 194–95, 198
insecurity of, 176, 206–7, 209, 210, 222, 247, 250
and intercession for compassionate causes, 183–85, 206, 209, 237
jewelry of, 124–25, 136, 139, 141, 165–66, 167, 208, 227, 232–33, 261, 295, 313
John Lascelles’s information on, 264–66
and maidens’ chamber, 58–59, 267, 306
as maid of honor in Tudor court, 16, 68, 69, 73, 75–81, 85, 87, 89, 121, 163–64, 254
and Mary I, 152–53, 160, 171, 177, 200, 204–6, 222, 237, 328
morality of, 216, 265, 281, 333
music lessons of, 53, 135
and northern tour of 1541, 218–23, 226–39, 242, 243–50, 251, 252–56, 264, 283–84, 285, 287, 291
personality of, 45, 47, 54, 56, 135, 151–52, 206, 208, 247–48, 334
physical appearance of, 57, 140, 141, 160, 161–63, 166, 332–33, 334
place of birth, 16–17
political awareness of, 73–74
political influence of, 150–51, 178, 184–85, 206, 237
portraiture of, 160–67
pragmatism of, 150
pregnancy of, 186, 187, 188, 199–200, 204, 206, 237
as princess for Henry VIII, 67–68
private secretary of, 155
properties of, 138–39, 149–50, 151
public ceremonies in London, 178, 183, 185
public opinion of, xix, 207–8
and Queen’s role, 138
reckless behavior of, 176
relationship with Agnes Howard, 46, 55, 57, 63, 64, 65, 77, 96, 128, 155, 270–71, 287, 290
rise to throne, 95–96, 120–21
servants of, xviii, xxi, 41, 58, 107, 151, 247–49
sexual abuse theories concerning, 53–54, 275
as ward of Agnes Howard, 39, 40–49, 64–65, 135, 265, 281
wardrobe of, 80, 124–25, 141, 142, 167, 296, 313
wedding visit to Oatlands Palace, 4, 6–7, 11, 12–13, 111
See also downfall of Catherine Howard; Queen’s household
Catholic Church:
baptismal rites of, 17–19, 17n, 19n
Henry VIII’s break with, 7–9, 10, 12, 13, 52, 72, 133, 189–90, 205
and Scotland, 173, 174
See also monasteries
Cavendish, George, 331–33
Cavendish, William, 332
Cecily of York, 241
Chamberlin, Frederick, 112
Champernowne, Katherine, 202, 202n
Champernowne, Philip, 337
Chapuys, Césare, 159
Chapuys, Eustace:
and Anne of Cleves, 169, 170, 207, 210, 309
on CH’s intercession, 184, 185
CH’s receiving of, 159, 160, 167
death of, 329
and de Marillac, 243
and downfall of CH, xix, 294, 312, 314, 315, 316, 318, 323
on Edward VI, 204
on Elizabeth I, 201
health of, 178, 243
and Henry VIII, 159–60, 167, 199, 214, 226, 302–3
on Jane Boleyn, Lady Rochford, 289
on Mary I, 171
and Norfolk, 269
on Turkey, 259
and Wakefield conspiracy, 193, 211
Charles I, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland, 113
Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor, 105
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor:
on Anne of Cleves, 309
and Archduke Ferdinand, 259
and Chapuys, 159–60
and downfall of CH, 294–95, 314
and Edward VI, 204, 205
and François I, 70, 93, 145
and Henry VIII, 92–93, 178, 314–15
inheritance of territories, 70
and Maria of Austria, 167
Charles of Valois, Duke of Orléans, 244, 269, 314
Chaucer, Geoffrey, 235
Cheney, Frances, 181
Cheney, John, 215n
Cheney, Robert, 180–81, 182, 183
Cheney, Thomas, 179, 180–83, 215n, 286
Cheney, William, 182, 337
Chesworth House, Horsham:
as Agnes Howard’s principal manor, 20, 40–43, 41n
and Anne Boleyn, 52
Christmas celebrations in, 48–49
CH’s living in, 40–41, 42, 43–49, 51, 108, 129, 135, 261, 268, 269, 286, 287, 306
and CH’s relationship with Dereham, 56, 261, 268, 269, 287
and CH’s relationship with Manox, 55–56, 286
maidens’ chamber of, 46–47, 58–59, 129, 261
servants of, 41–42, 43, 46, 47, 48, 49, 55–56, 58–59, 108, 109–10, 129, 261, 286, 287, 323
Christian III, King of Denmark, 75
Christianity, 2–4
See also Catholic Church; Church of England; English Reformation; Protestantism
Christina of Denmark, 70, 75, 100n, 165
Christmas celebrations, 48–49, 48n, 206
Church of England:
and celestial queens, 12–13
Henry VIII’s creation of, 7–9
and heresy charges, 10
religious observances of, 188–90
and seizure of Catholic Church lands, 8, 10, 12, 72
class system:
aristocracy’s role in, 42–43, 44, 45–46
and marital precontracts, 66
and personal relationships, 55, 60
plebeian urban classes, 34
and servants, 41–42, 44, 108, 109
See also social hierarchy
Claude de Valois, Queen of France, 121
Clement V, Pope, 28
Clement VII, Pope, 132–33, 190
Clere, Thomas, 213
Clinton and Saye, Edward Fiennes de Clinton, 9th Baron, 335
Clinton and Saye, Elizabeth Fiennes de Clinton, Baroness, 122, 335–36
Cobham, George Brooke, 9th Baron, 185
Constantine the Great, 190
Constanza of Castile, Duchess of Lancaster, 247
Copledike, Leonard, 338
Copledike, Margaret, 127, 338
Cotes, Roger, 57, 238, 269
Cotton Library, fire of 1731, xix, 230, 275
Cranmer, Margaret, 273
Cranmer, Thomas, Archbishop of Canterbury:
and Anne Boleyn, 272
and Anne of Cleves, 92
on CH’s alleged precontract with Francis Dereham, 271–72
and CH’s confessions, 272, 274–80, 287, 290
CH’s relationship with, 151, 185
and Clevian embassy, 310
and Cromwell, 100, 272
execution of, 327
and executions, 310
investigation of CH, 76, 267–68, 270, 283, 296, 306
and Isabella of Portugal’s death, 74
and Katherine of Aragon, 133
and John Lascelles’s information on CH, 264–66
meeting with CH, 272–74
and offer of trial to CH, 317
rank of, 252
religious views of, 272–73
Cromwell, Avarilla Oliveria, 162, 163
Cromwell, Elizabeth, Baroness, 158–59, 161, 163, 164, 166, 336
Cromwell, Gregory, 1st Baron, 158–59, 316, 336
Cromwell, Oliver, 162
Cromwell, Thomas. See Essex
Crown of Ireland Act of 1542, 224–26, 267, 314
Culpepper, Alexander, 217
Culpepper, Constance, 217
Culpepper, Richard (grandfather), 34, 35
Culpepper, Thomas:
acquisition of Cromwell’s lands, 158
and Anne of Cleves’ arrival, 86
arrest of, 285, 288, 294
CH sending Morris to rooms of, xx, 216–17
death sentence for, 299–300, 306, 326
de Marillac on, 294
and downfall of CH, 282
execution of, 310–11, 319, 332
health of, xx, 216, 254, 288
Privy Council’s interrogation of, xx, 287–88, 289, 297
Privy Council’s investigation of, 284–85, 287, 288
properties of, 84–85
rape and murder case against, 217–18
relationship with CH, 84–85, 116, 193–94, 195, 198, 206, 209, 216–17, 218, 229–30, 237–41, 249–50, 254–55, 263, 278, 280–81, 283–85, 287, 290, 296, 333
trial of, 297, 298–300, 316
Culpepper, Thomas, the elder, 217, 301
Cumberland, Eleanor Clifford, Countess of, 164, 205
Cumberland, Henry Clifford, 1st Earl of, 221, 245
Cushing’s syndrome, 133
Cust, Lionel, 162–63
Dacre (of the South), Thomas Fiennes, 9th Baron, 213–14
Dacre, Thomas, 2nd Baron, 31
Damport, Robert:
arraignment of, 311
arrest of, 307
and Dereham, 58, 59, 76, 108, 248
and Henry Manox, 53
Privy Council’s interrogation of, 281, 291, 292
and Privy Council’s investigations of CH, 270, 271
Privy Council’s visit, 300–301
torture of, 292, 301, 302
Danet, Gerald, 337
Darnley, Henry, Lord, 330
Davis, James, xvii
Denny, Anthony, 101, 129, 337
Denny, Joan, 129, 202, 337
Denys, Thomas, 150, 171
de Poitiers, Diane, 260
Derby, Dorothy Stanley, Countess of (aunt), 20
Derby, Edward Stanley, 3rd Earl of, 20, 316
Derby, Thomas, 155–56
Dereham, Francis:
accused of piracy, 154, 268, 270
arrest of, 294
CH’s alleged precontract with, 66, 68, 153, 271–72, 275, 281, 287, 293, 299, 300, 306
CH’s borrowing money from, 65–66, 123, 163
and CH’s confessions, 272, 274–80, 283, 287
Thomas Culpepper implicated by, 282, 287
death sentence for, 299–300, 301, 303, 306
disappearance of, 96
execution of, 310–11, 319, 324, 332
as gentleman usher in Queen’s household, 248–49, 260–61, 268, 280, 287, 290, 300, 303, 306
and Henry Manox, 62–63, 267, 268, 270
as merchant in Ireland, 153–54, 268, 301, 304, 333
at Pontefract Castle, 248–49, 285
Privy Council’s interrogation of, 268, 269, 271, 284, 287, 291–92
relationship with CH, 53, 56, 58, 59, 62, 63–66, 67, 68, 71, 74, 76, 80, 85, 96, 109, 110, 153, 154–55, 156, 208, 238, 240, 248, 249, 261, 265, 268, 269, 285, 286, 291, 296, 301, 319
in service to Agnes Howard, 56, 58, 76, 84, 85, 153, 154–55, 156, 248, 268, 333
torture of, 292, 299, 300, 301–2, 306, 310
trial of, 298–99, 316
Desmond, James FitzGerald, 14th Earl of, 178–79
Dolman, Brett, 160, 166–67
Dormer, Michael, Lord Mayor of London, 298
Dorset, Frances Grey, Marchioness of, 87, 164, 166, 168, 183, 198, 205
Dorset, Henry Grey, 3rd Marquess of, 29, 139
Dorset, Thomas Grey, 2nd Marquess of, 29, 139
Douglas, Archibald. See Angus
Douglas, Margaret:
and Anne of Cleves, 87
and disbanding of Queen’s household, 293
and Henry VIII, 145–46
and Charles Howard, 146–47, 148, 293
and Thomas Howard, 52, 82, 145, 146
marriage of, 329
and Mary I, 330
portraits of, 165
in Queen’s household, 122, 146–47, 148, 261, 335
and succession, 205
Dover Castle, Kent, 186
downfall of Catherine Howard:
arraignment of, 311
arrest of CH, 318–19
CH moved to Syon Abbey, 281, 282, 295, 296–97, 303, 308, 312–13, 314, 315
and CH’s alleged precontract with Dereham, 66, 68, 153, 271–72, 275, 281, 287, 293, 299, 300, 306
and CH’s concern for incarceration and ruin of family members, 312, 317
and CH’s confessions, xix, 272, 274–80, 283, 287, 289–90, 295, 296
CH’s declining of trial, 317
and CH’s mental collapse, 295, 303, 312
and CH’s sentencing, 319
Dereham’s implication of Thomas Culpepper, 282, 287
downfall of Anne Boleyn compared to, xxi, 13, 108, 302, 316, 317, 319, 333
execution of CH, xxii, 1, 320–21, 320n
and intent of witnesses, xx, xxi
interrogations of, xix, xx, xxi, 108, 153, 333
John Lascelles’s information on CH, 264–66
and Privy Council’s investigation, 54, 266–70, 271, 282–83, 286–88, 290–91, 303–5
request to see block, 319
rumors concerning, 281
stages of, xx–xxi, 287–90, 334
timel
ine of, xxi–xxii, 339–42
trials of, xxi, 297, 298–300
Dublin, Ireland, 153–54, 224–26
Dudley, Edmund, 133
Dudley, Edward Sutton, 2nd Baron, 336
Dudley, Jane (later Duchess of Northumberland), 129, 337
Dudley, John (later 1st Duke of Northumberland), 114, 129, 233, 278, 293, 327, 327n, 337
Dürer, Albrecht, 125
Edgecombe, Katherine, 123, 336
Edgecombe, Peter, 336
Edward I, King of England, 6, 22–23, 137, 192, 246–47, 314
Edward II, King of England, 23
Edward III, King of England, 30, 137, 198, 220
Edward IV, King of England, 23, 24, 29, 78n, 91, 143, 178, 179
Edward V, King of England, 26
Edward VI, King of England:
birth of, 6, 69, 134, 162
and Katherine Brandon, 330
CH’s relationship with, 203–4, 206, 207
death of, 327
and Frances Grey, 164
health of, 203–4, 261–62
as Prince of Wales, 76, 116, 120, 133, 203
and succession, 145, 188, 205, 326
Eleanor of Aquitaine, Queen of England, 137
Eleanor of Austria, Queen of France, 90, 93n, 94, 99, 131, 260
Eleanor of Castile, Queen of England, 235–36, 237
Eleanor of Provence, Queen of England, 149
Elisabeth of Austria, Queen of Denmark, 70
Elizabeth Fiennes de Clinton, Lady Clinton, 122, 335–36
Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, Queen of the United Kingdom, 220
Elizabeth I, Queen of England and Ireland:
CH’s relationship with, 201, 202–3, 206
and Cranmer, 273
death of, 308n
early life of, 54, 201–2
education of, 202
and Henry VIII’s palaces, 114
portraits of, 161
reign of, 154, 331
succession of, 205, 244, 328, 330
and Westminster School, 40
and York, 254
Elizabeth Woodville, Queen of England, 9, 169
Elizabeth of York, Queen of England, 24, 71, 129, 137–38
Emlar, William, 179, 181
England:
defenses along southern coastline, 71–72, 173, 174–75, 179, 186, 219
map of, viii
northern fortifications, 171–72, 174, 178–79, 221, 230, 231, 245, 258
role of queens in, 136–38, 143, 151, 183–84
English Civil War, 114
English Reformation:
and Anne Boleyn, 53
and Cromwell, 4, 9–10, 11, 12–13, 191, 265
effects of, 7–9, 10, 19, 52, 191
histories of, 196
and Ireland, 154
and Scotland, 173–74, 245–46
Erasmus of Rotterdam, 40, 130
Essex, Sarah Capel-Coningsby, Countess of, 162
Essex, Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of:
allies of, 151
and Anne of Cleves, 68, 76, 89, 92, 100
burial of, 327n
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