July 19 message to Congress: PP, HST, July 19, 1950, 527–37.
press conference: Ibid., July 27, 1950, 560–64.
“He would have saved himself”: Bradley and Blair, A General’s Life, 542.
“an inordinate egotistical desire”: HST Diary, September 14, 1950, in Ferrell, ed., Off the Record, 192.
a “pathological condition”: Bradley and Blair, 542.
HST confiding Harriman’s story: Ayers Diary, July 3, 1950, HSTL.
“A most interesting morning”: HST Diary, September 14, 1950, Off the Record, 192.
“Mr. Prima Donna”: HST Diary, June 17, 1945, ibid., 47.
“little regard or respect”: Ayers Diary, July 1, 1950, HSTL.
Dulles advised HST: Ibid.
HST’s little regard for generals: HST memorandum, April 24, 1954, Off the Record, 303.
“likes horses with blinders on”: Miller, Plain Speaking, 220.
“fluid but improving”: Ayers Diary, August 12, 1950, HSTL.
HST’s uppermost concern: Memoirs, Vol. II, 351.
“catch him alone”: Quoted in Heller, 14.
MacArthur assured HST: Memoirs, Vol. II, 351.
“with all his dramatic eloquence”: Bradley and Blair, 546.
the riskiest military proposal: Ibid., 544.
“I made it clear to the President”: Quoted in Heller, 14.
“as fast as you can”: Bradley and Blair, 546.
“This means not the usual”: Osborne, Life and Time, August 21, 1950.
“the wildest kind”: Bradley and Blair, 556.
“the gravest misgivings”: Ibid., 547.
“Nothing could be more fallacious”: Manchester, American Caesar, 568.
“his lips white”: Bradley and Blair, 551.
rank insubordination: Ibid.
“the height of arrogance”: Ibid.
HST rejects idea of relieving MacArthur: Memoirs, Vol. II, 355–56.
HST asks Johnson to have MacArthur’s statement withdrawn: Bradley and Blair, 551.
“The JCS inclined toward postponing”: Ibid., 547.
“a failure could be a national”: Ibid., 545.
“It was a daring strategic conception”: Memoirs, Vol. II, 358.
“Hell and high water”: HST to EWT, September 7, 1950, Off the Record, 189.
“I’ll do it”: Ibid.
“Can you think of anyone?”: Ibid.
Johnson told he must quit: HST Diary, September 14, 1950, ibid., 193.
a “military miracle”: Ridgway, 44.
“I salute you all”: Quoted in Phillips, 313.
“Troops could not be expected”: Acheson, 445.
to “feel unhampered”: Ridgway, 45.
“an almost superstitious awe”: Ibid., 61.
warnings a bluff: Spanier, The Truman-MacArthur Controversy and the Korean War, 87.
“and I did not feel”: Memoirs, Vol. II, 368.
“the perfect answer”: Wiltz, “Truman and MacArthur: The Wake Island Meeting,” Military Affairs, December 1978.
“good election year stuff”: Donovan, Tumultuous Years,284.
“While General MacArthur”: Acheson, 456.
“I’ve a whale of a job”: HST to Nellie Noland, October 13, 1950, Off the Record, 196.
“Two men can sometimes learn”: Time, October 23, 1950.
“I don’t care what they say”: Ibid.
MacArthur had arrived the night before: Ibid.
Harriman exchange with MacArthur: Bradley and Blair, 573.
“grave responsibility”: Ibid.
MacArthur greeting: New York Herald-Tribune, October 15, 1950.
“I have been worried”: Quoted in Donovan, 285.
MacArthur assured him victory was won: Memoirs, Vol. II, 365.
“seemed genuinely pleased”: Ibid.
“I had been warned”: MacArthur, Reminiscences, 361.
Vernice Anderson incident: Jessup, “Research Note/The Record of Wake Island—A Correction,” The Journal of American History, March 1981.
when MacArthur received transcript: Bradley and Blair, 575.
“He was the most persuasive fellow”: Quoted in Manchester, 592.
“the formal resistance”: Substance of Statements Made at Wake Island Conference on October 15, 1950, compiled by General Omar Bradley, declassified, 1, HSTL.
By January: Ibid.
Dean Rusk concerned: Rusk, As I Saw It, 169.
“Hell no!”: Ibid.
“They are the happiest”: Foreign Relations of the United States, 1950. Vol. VII: Korea, 953
the French couldn’t “clean it up”: Substance of Statements Made at Wake Island Conference, 17.
MacArthur declined lunch: Ibid.
“Whether intended or not”: Bradley and Blair, 576.
“The communiqué should be submitted”: Substance of Statements Made at Wake Island Conference, 23.
MacArthur asked the President: MacArthur, Reminiscences, 362.
“Eisenhower doesn’t know the first thing”: Ibid., 363.
“the very complete unanimity of view”: PP, HST, October 15, 1950, 672.
“his vision, his judgment”: Donovan, 288.
a “glorious new page”: PP, HST, October 17, 1950, 674.
“On this one”: Rusk, 169.
“Come up to Pyongyang”: Newsweek, October 23, 1950.
“Goodbye, sir”: Time, October 23, 1950.
“I like them more”: Truman, Letters from Father, 97.
“He would treat us”: Rex Scouten, author’s interview.
Floyd Boring’s wife: Floyd Boring, author’s interview.
“The house was so quiet”: West, with Kotz, Upstairs at the White House, 116.
“I’d come out more or less”: Boring, author’s interview.
mistaken for divinity students: Life: November 13, 1950.
assassination attempt: Boring, author’s interview; Scouten, author’s interview; Life, November 13, 1950; The New York Times, November 2, 1950; Time, November 12, 1950; Whistle Stop, Fall 1979.
“Why, of course”: Time, November 12, 1950.
“It is important”: PP, HST, November 1, 1950, 693.
“But Truman was…just a symbol”: Kansas City Times, September 11, 1979.
“A President has to expect”: The New York Times, November 2, 1950.
HST insisted he was in no danger: PP, HST, November 2, 1950, 696.
so “unnecessary”: HST to Dean Acheson, November 2, 1950, HSTL.
“[Leaving the airport)”: HST Diary, November 5, 1950, Off the Record, 198.
“really a prisoner now”: HST to EN, November 17, 1950, ibid.
“The Korean death trap”: Donovan, 295.
“All the piety”: Ibid., 297.
Bess had seldom seen HST so downhearted: Truman, Bess W. Truman, 363–64.
“Some Republicans interpret”: PP, HST, November 16, 1950, 714.
“Then there were those”: Ridgway, 61.
“If this operation is successful”: Manchester, 606.
“a terrible message”: Ibid., 608.
“We’ve got a terrific”: Hersey, Aspects of the Presidency, 27.
“The Chinese have come in”: Ibid.
“alone and inescapably”: Ibid., 28.
seven thousand letters: Heller, 47.
“We can blame the liars”: Ibid., 30.
“His mouth drew tight”: Ibid., 28.
“We have got to meet this thing”: Ibid., 30;
“We face an entirely new war”: Quoted in Acheson, 469.
November 28, 1950, meeting: Ibid., 469, 471.
“There was no doubt”: Memoirs, Vol. II, 378.
“We can’t defeat the Chinese”: Acheson, 471.
the “imperative step”: Ibid.
“The threat of a larger war”: Bradley and Blair, 599.
“hordes of Chinese Reds”: Washington Star, November 28, 1950.
“A lot of hard work”: Memoirs Vol. II, 388.
“Remember,
photographers are”: Truman, Letters from Father, 99.
“He ‘used’ the press”: Phillips, The New York Times, December 31, 1972.
“a fat no good can of lard”: HST to MJT, July 25, 1947, Off the Record, 115.
“the Sop Sisters”: HST to EWT, June 11, 1950, Ibid., 179 and 41, note.
“The prostitutes of the mind”: Poen, Strictly Personal and Confidential, 24.
“You might tell the gentleman”: HST to Joseph J. McGee, November 22, 1950, Off the Record, 199.
November 30, 1950, press conference: PP, HST, 724–728.
“No, it doesn’t mean”: Ibid., 727.
the “wildest days” ever: Ayers Diary, November 30, 1950, HSTL.
“the use of any weapon”: PP, HST, November 30, 1950, 727.
HST ill-advised: Bradley and Blair, 604.
in a crucial few days: Acheson, 466.
“I have the unhappy conviction”: Ibid.
“well remember”: Ridgway, 61.
“someone expressed what everyone”: Acheson, 475.
“You can relieve any commander”: Ridgway, 62.
Rusk proposes relieving MacArthur: Acheson, 476.
“I should have relieved”: Memoirs, Vol. II, 384.
“We must get him out”: HST Diary, December 2, 1950, Off the Record, 202.
“It looks very bad”: Ibid.
“Mr. President, the Chinese”: Rusk, 170.
“I’ve had conference after conference”: HST Diary, December 9, 1950, Off the Record, 204.
“[The President] thought that if”: Quoted in Donovan, 317.
He would not use the bomb: Ibid., 318.
“Charlie seemed in good form”: Ayers Diary, December 5, 1950, HSTL.
Death of Charlie Ross: Washington Post, December 6, 1950.
“The friend of my youth”: PP, HST, December 5, 1950, 737.
“Ah, hell”: Truman, Harry S. Truman, 545–46.
previous Ross heart attacks: Washington Post, December 6, 1950.
HST keeps Ross death from Margaret: Truman, Harry S. Truman, 546.
“Afterward, Dad was effusive”: Truman, Bess W. Truman, 366.
“really pretty bad that night”: John Hersey, author’s interview.
Hume review: Washington Post, December 6, 1950.
“That’s exactly what I want”: Traubel, St. Louis Woman, 211.
“longhand spasm”: HST to Dean Acheson, April 8, 1957, HSTL.
“Charlie Ross would never have”: Elsey, author’s interview.
“Mr. Hume: I’ve just read”: HST to Paul Hume, December 7, 1950.
“In the first place”: Time, December 18, 1950.
To Margaret he said: Truman, Harry S. Truman, 547.
“When he would write”: Elsey, Oral History, HSTL.
“a propaganda machine”: Time, September 18, 1950.
“I can only say”: Time, December 18, 1950.
letters and telegrams to White House: General Correspondence File, HSTL.
letter from the Bannings: HSTL.
“The Eighth Army is yours”: Ridgway, 83.
“never uttered wiser words”: Acheson, 512.
“brilliant, driving”: Bradley and Blair, 608.
“The troops are tired”: Ibid., 619.
“Under the extraordinary”: Quoted in Donovan, 346.
to recognize the “state of war”: Manchester, The Glory and the Dream, 550.
atomic bombs: Schaller, Douglas MacArthur, 225.
“go down that trail”: Rusk, 170.
“infinite patience”: Acheson, 515.
“steps which might in themselves”: Memoirs, Vol. II, 438, 436.
“We were at our lowest”: Bradley and Blair, 620.
“Eighth Army in good shape”: Ibid., 623.
“rolling forward”: Ridgway, The Korean War, 106.
to look “beyond MacArthur”: Bradley and Blair, 623.
Ridgway thought HST a great and courageous man: Ridgway, author’s interview.
“mainly a prima donna”: Bradley and Blair, 623.
“While General MacArthur was fighting”: Acheson, 517.
“the really terrifying strength”: Ridgway, 111.
“tired and depressed: Goulden, Korea, 453.
“just ordered a resumption”: Ridgway, 109.
“not only his nerves”: MacArthur, Reminiscences, 393.
“snapped his brilliant”: Bradley and Blair, 626.
“The enemy, therefore”: MacArthur, 388.
his “pronunciamento”: Acheson, The Korean War, 101.
“unforgiveable and irretrievable act”: Bradley and Blair, 627.
“Whom the gods would destroy”: Acheson, Korean War, 100.
“I couldn’t send a message”: Truman, Harry S. Truman, 559.
“This was a most extraordinary”: Memoirs, Vol. II, 441–42.
“disbelief with controlled fury”: Acheson, Korean War, 102.
“Gallup Poll: The Gallup Poll: Public Opinion 1935–1971, 970.
“If you are going to get on”: Memoirs, Vol. II, 443–45.
“What are we in Korea for”: Martin, My First Fifty Years in Politics, 203.
“Mr. President, this man is not”: Roger Tubby Diary, April 5, 1951.
“I did not know”: Bradley and Blair, 629.
“The situation could be resolved”: Acheson, Korean War, 104.
“If you relieve MacArthur”: Memoirs, Vol. II, 447.
“I don’t express any opinion”: HST Diary, April 5, 1951, Off the Record, 211.
“at the apex of a situation”: MacArthur, 394.
“The wind died down”: Martin, 207.
because they knew the kind of abuse: Bradley and Blair, 633.
MacArthur firing would provoke: Ibid.
“There was no question”: Phillips, 346–47.
He told Bradley to prepare: Memoirs, Vol. II, 448.
Speculation about MacArthur: Washington Post, April 10, 1951.
“So you won’t have to read about it”: Tubby Diary, April 12, 1951.
a supposed “major resignation”: Bradley and Blair, 636.
“There was a degree of panic”: Elsey, author’s interview.
“He’s not going to be allowed”: Phillips, 343.
“Discussed the situation”: HST Diary, April, 9, 1951, Off the Record, 211.
“Well, the little man”: Rusk, 172.
would have retired “without difficulty”: Schaller, 239.
HST’s “mental instability”: Donovan, 360; Goulden, 495.
“Our only choice”: Washington Post, April 12, 1951.
Tom Connally reminded: Ibid.
Chicago Tribune editorial: April 12, 1951.
“This is the biggest windfall”: Washington Post, April 18 1951.
“In the days ahead”: Letter from W. O. Douglas to HST, April 11, 1951, HSTL.
“It makes not the slightest”: The President vs. the General,” Sermon by Dr. Duncan E. Littlefield, April 15, 1951, Fountain Street Baptist Church, Grand Rapids, Michigan, HSTL.
“The most obvious fact”: New York Herald-Tribune, April 13, 1951.
“bourbon and Benedictine”: St. Louis Post-Dispatch, April 14, 1951.
Gallup Poll: Goldman, The Crucial Decade, 203.
HST booed at Griffith Stadium: Washington Post, April 21, 1951.
April 11, 1951, broadcast: PP, HST, April 11, 1951, 223–27.
“The only politics I have”: Time, April 30, 1951.
“I was sorry to have to reach”: HST to Eisenhower, April 13, 1951, HSTL.
mock “Schedule for Welcoming…”: HSTL.
“I address you”: New York Herald-Tribune, April 20, 1951.
“When I joined the Army”: MacArthur, 405.
“The hopes and dreams”: Quoted in Manchester, 661.
“We heard God speak”: Ibid.
“I honestly felt that if the speech”: Truman, Harry S. Truman, 563.
“a bunch of damn bullshit”: Quoted in Miller, Pla
in Speaking, 337.
“After I looked at that wreckage”: Time, May 14, 1951.
“a very distressing necessity”: Ibid.
“Having made this courageous decision”: Bradley and Blair, 637.
“Courage didn’t have anything”: Quoted in Phillips, 350.
“Truman’s conflict with MacArthur”: Rusk, 172.
MacArthur to Samuel Eliot Morison: Morison, The Oxford History of the American People, 1072.
May 18 dinner: PP, HST, May 18, 1951, 292–93.
Tullahoma, Tennessee, speech: Ibid., June 25, 1951, 357–63.
17. Final Days
“I have tried to give it”: PP, HST, January 15, 1953, 1202.
“I walk two miles”: HST Diary, January 3, 1952, in Ferrell, ed., Off the Record, 226.
“Mr. President, this is my first”: PP, HST, July 12, 1951, 387.
HST served bowl of milk toast: Tubby Diary, May 21, 1951.
“You constantly tell me to relax”: Ibid., April 13, 1952.
a framed verse: Hersey, Aspects of the Presidency, 108.
it was all worth the effort: Tubby Diary, October 15, 1951.
“I know what a soldier goes through”: PP, HST, January 15, 1953, 1200.
Sergeant John Rice: The New York Times, August 29, 1951.
“mysterious, powerful” conspiracy: Reeves, The Life and Times of Joe McCarthy, 372.
a “pithy and bitter” summary: Hersey, 137–38.
“Three pungent comments”: Ibid.
HST announces Marshall stepping down: PP, HST, September 12, 1951, 516.
Hassett would bring him funny items: Tubby Diary, June 24, 1951.
Hassett an alcoholic: Ibid., September 18, 1951.
the “chiselers” within: Ibid., early June, 1951.
“He tended to live”: George Elsey, author’s interview.
“an overeducated S.O.B.”: Douglas, In the Fullness of Time, 222.
he had “gone too far”: Ibid., 223.
“real crooks and influence peddlers”: Ibid.
“You have been loyal to friends”: Ibid., 224.
“You bastards”: Quoted in Goldman, The Crucial Decade—and After, 196.
“With staggering impact”: Ibid., 198–99.
HST and Army football scandal: Tubby Diary, August 3 and 8, 1951.
“I did nothing improper”: Douglas, 224.
He liked people: Tubby Diary, August 3, 1951.
“He was dressed in flashy”: Ibid., September 13, 1951.
“Ah, me. I wonder”: Ibid., early June, 1951,
like Warren G. Harding: Ibid., September 13, 1951.
“Poker, poker”: Ibid., April 2, 1951.
“Truman has to take strong action”: Ibid., early June, 1951.
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