Robert Shoemaker, ‘Streets of Shame? The Crowd and Public Punishments in London 1700–1820’, in S. Devereaux and P. Griffiths (eds.), Penal Practice and Culture, 1500–1900: Punishing the English, Palgrave, 2004, pp. 232–257.
Christopher Wren, ‘McVeigh is executed for Oklahoma City bombing’, New York Times, 11 June 2001.
Jim Yardley, ‘The McVeigh execution: Oklahoma City; execution on TV brings little solace’, New York Times, 12 June 2001.
Medieval executions and traitors’ heads:
Andrew Fisher, ‘Wallace, Sir William (d. 1305)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/28544
Leo Gooch, ‘Towneley, Francis (1709–1746)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, online edition, May 2006. http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/27603
Clark Hulse, ‘Dead Man’s Treasure: The cult of Thomas More’, in David Lee Miller, Sharon O’Dair and Harold Weber (eds.), The Production of English Renaissance Culture, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1994, pp. 190–225.
Patricia Pierce, Old London Bridge: The Story of the Longest Inhabited Bridge in Europe, London: Headline Book Publishing, 2001.
Katherine Royer, ‘The Body in Parts: Reading the Execution Ritual in Late Medieval England’, Historical Reflections, vol. 29, no. 2, 2003, pp. 319–339.
Richard Thomson, Chronicles of London Bridge by An Antiquary, London: Smith, Elder and Co., 1827.
Alexandra Walsham, ‘Skeletons in the Cupboard: Relics after the English Reformation’, Past and Present, supplement 5, 2010, pp. 121–143.
Danielle Westerhof, ‘Deconstructing Identities on the Scaffold: The Execution of Hugh Despenser the Younger, 1326’, Journal of Medieval History, vol. 33, 2007, pp. 87–106.
Barbara Wilson and Frances Mee, The City Walls and Castles of York: The Pictorial Evidence, York: York Archaeological Trust, 2005.
Francis Towneley’s head:
Katharine Grant, ‘Uncle Frank’s Severed Head’, Guardian, 25 January 2014.
The story of Towneley’s head at Drummond’s bank is also reported online at http://www.1745association.org.uk
/a_day_out_in_london.htm
Executioners:
Richard van Dülmen, Theatre of Horror, London: Polity Press, 1990.
Friedland, Seeing Justice Done, 2012, op. cit.
Gatrell, The Hanging Tree, 1994, op. cit.
Peter Spierenburg, The Spectacle of Suffering: Executions and the Evolution of Repression: From a Preindustrial Metropolis to the European Experience, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984.
The guillotine:
Arasse, The Guillotine, 1989, op. cit.
Fife, The Terror, 2004, op. cit.
Friedland, Seeing Justice Done, 2012, op. cit.
Daniel Gerould, The Guillotine: Its Legend and Lore, New York: Blast Books, 1992.
Regina Janes, Losing Our Heads: Beheadings in Literature and Culture, New York: New York University Press, 2005.
Allister Kershaw, A History of the Guillotine, New York: Barnes and Noble, 1993.
Camille Naish, Death Comes to the Maiden: Sex and Execution 1431–1933, London: Routledge, 1991.
Facebook and beheading videos:
Adam Withnall, ‘David Cameron calls Facebook “irresponsible” for allowing users to upload decapitation videos’, Independent, 22 October 2013.
Adam Withnall, ‘Facebook removes beheading video after David Cameron comments’, Independent, 23 October 2013.
‘Cruelty and the crowd: beheading videos on Facebook’, Guardian, editorial, 22 October 2013.
Chapter 4: Framed Heads
Marc Quinn:
Mark Brown, ‘Artist’s frozen sculpture goes on show’, Guardian, 10 September 2009.
Priscilla Frank, ‘Marc Quinn discusses self-portraits made of his own blood’, Huffington Post, 6 August 2012.
Alfred Hickling, ‘Marc Quinn’s bloody beauty’, Guardian, 1 February 2002.
‘National Portrait Gallery Shows Marc Quinn’s Frozen “Blood Head”’, National Portrait Gallery news release, 10 September 2009, at http://www.npg.org.uk/about/press/marc-quinn-press.php
Wellcome Trust, ‘Big Picture: Question and Answer with Marc Quinn’, interviewed by Chrissie Giles, at www.bigpictureeducation.com/marcquinn-interview
Death Masks:
Iris I. J. M. Gibson, ‘Death Masks Unlimited’, British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Edition), vol. 291, no. 6511, 1985, pp. 1785–1787.
M. H. Kaufman and Robert McNeil, ‘Death Masks and Life Masks at Edinburgh University’, British Medical Journal, vol. 298, no. 6672, 1989, pp. 506–507.
Photography and the creation of social ‘types’:
Arasse, The Guillotine, 1989, op. cit.
Elizabeth Edwards, ‘Introduction’, in Elizabeth Edwards (ed.), Anthropology and Photography 1860–1920, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1992, pp. 3–17.
Christopher Pinney, ‘The Parallel Histories of Anthropology and Photography’, in Elizabeth Edwards (ed.), Anthropology and Photography 1860–1920, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1992, pp. 74–95.
Roslyn Poignant, ‘Surveying the Field of View: The Making of the RAI Photographic Collection’, in Elizabeth Edwards (ed.), Anthropology and Photography 1860–1920, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1992, pp. 42–73.
Joanna C. Scherer, ‘The Photographic Document: Photographs as Primary Data in Anthropological Enquiry’, in Elizabeth Edwards (ed.), Anthropology and Photography 1860–1920, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1992, pp. 32–41.
Salome, Judith, and imagining decapitation in art:
Andrew Graham-Dixon, Caravaggio: A Life Sacred and Profane, London: Penguin Books, 2010.
Udo Kultermann, ‘The “Dance of the Seven Veils”: Salome and Erotic Culture Around 1900’, Artibus et Historiae, vol. 27, no. 53, 2006, pp. 187–215.
Karen Kurczynski, ‘Edvard Munch: The Modern Life of the Soul’, Nineteenth Century Art Worldwide, vol. 5, no. 2, 2006.
Linda Nochlin, The Body in Pieces: The Fragment as a Metaphor of Modernity, New York: Thames and Hudson, 1994.
Patricia Phillippy, Painting Women: Cosmetics, Canvases and Early Modern Culture, Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006.
Nanette B. Rodney, ‘Salome’, Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, n.s., vol. 11, no. 7, 1953, pp. 190–200.
Nadine Sine, ‘Cases of Mistaken Identity: Salome and Judith at the Turn of the Century’, German Studies Review, vol. 11, no. 1, 1988, pp. 9–29.
Théodore Géricault:
Nina Athanassoglou-Kallmyer, ‘Géricault’s Severed Heads and Limbs: The Politics and Aesthetics of the Scaffold’, Art Bulletin, vol. 74, no. 4, 1992, pp. 599–618.
Nina Athanassoglou-Kallmyer, Théodore Géricault, London: Phaidon Press, 2010.
Klaus Berger, Géricault and His Work, New York: Hacker Art Books, 1978.
Charles Clément, Géricault étude biographique et critique avec le catalogue raisonné de l’oeuvre du maitre, Paris: Didier, 1868.
Lorenz Eitner, Géricault’s Raft of the Medusa, London: Phaidon Press, 1972.
Lorenz Eitner, Géricault: His Life and Work, London: Orbis Publishing, 1982.
Stefan Germer, ‘Pleasurable Fear: Géricault and Uncanny Trends at the Opening of the Nineteenth Century’, Art History, vol. 22, no. 2, 1999, pp. 159–183.
Marie-Hélène Huet, ‘The Face of Disaster’, Yale French Studies, no. 111, 2007, pp. 7–31.
Christopher Kool-Want, ‘Changing of the Guard’, Art History, vol. 22, no. 2, 1999, pp. 295–300.
Jonathan Miles, Medusa: The Shipwreck, the Scandal, the Masterpiece, London: Pimlico, 2007.
Vanessa R. Shwartz, Spectacular Realities: Early Mass Culture in Fin-de-Siècle Paris, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999.
Auguste Raffet is quoted in an unsigned article (possibly by P. Burty) in Gazette des Beaux-Arts, vol. 6, 1860, p. 314.
Dami
en Hirst:
Nick Clark, ‘Dead serious? Photo of Damien Hirst with severed head riles Richard III academics’, Independent, 12 July 2013.
Damien Hirst and Gorden Burn, On the Way to Work, London: Faber and Faber, 2001.
‘Transcript of interviews: Damien Hirst 360 private view’, Channel 4, 2012, at www.channel4.com/microsites/H/
hirst/transcripts.pdf
Art, anatomy and the dissecting room:
Patricia M.A. Archer, ‘A History of the Medical Artists’ Association of Great Britain, 1949–1997’, PhD thesis, University College London, 1998.
Lucy Bruell, ‘The Artist in the Anatomy Lab’, interview with Laura Ferguson on the Literature, Arts and Medicine Blog at New York University, 2012, http://medhum.med.nyu.edu/blog
Joyce Cutler-Shaw, ‘The Anatomy Lesson: The Body, Technology and Empathy’, Leonardo, vol. 27, no. 1, 1994, pp. 29–38.
Michael Malone, ‘Abandon’, Agora: Medical Student Literary Arts Magazine, Spring 2010, p. 24.
Johanna Shapiro et al., ‘The Use of Creative Projects in a Gross Anatomy Class’, Journal for Learning through the Arts, vol. 2, no. 1, 2006, pp. 1–29.
Leonardo da Vinci (trans. Charles D. O’Malley and J.B. de C.M. Saunders), Leonardo on the Human Body, New York: Dover Publications, 1983.
Louise Younie, ‘Art in Medical Education: Practice and Dialogue Case Study’, in Victoria Bates, Alan Bleakley and Sam Goodman (eds.), Medicine, Health and the Arts: Approaches to the Medical Humanities, London: Routledge, 2013, pp. 85–103.
Personal correspondence with Laura Ferguson and Joyce Cutler-Shaw.
Madame Tussaud:
Étienne-Jean Delécluze, Louis David, son école et son temps, Paris: Didier, 1855.
Pamela Pilbeam, Madame Tussaud and the History of Waxworks, London: Hambledon and London, 2003.
Madame Tussaud (edited by Francis Hervé), Memoirs and Reminiscences of the French Revolution, Philadelphia: Lea and Blanchard, 1839.
Chapter 5: Potent Heads
Saint Oliver Plunkett’s head:
Francis Donnelly, ‘New Shrine in Honour of St. Oliver Plunkett’, Seanchas Ardmhacha: Journal of the Armagh Diocesan Historical Society, vol. 17, no. 1 (1996–97), pp. 244–247.
Tomás Ó Fiaich, Oliver Plunkett: Ireland’s New Saint, Dublin: Veritas Publications, 1975.
Desmond Forristal, Oliver Plunkett in His Own Words, Dublin: Veritas Publications, 1975.
Siobhán Kilfeather, ‘Oliver Plunkett’s Head’, Textual Practice, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 229–248.
Deidre Matthews, Oliver of Armagh. Life of Blessed Oliver Plunkett, Archbishop of Armagh, Dublin: M.H. Gill and Son, 1961.
John Francis Stokes, Life of Blessed Oliver Plunkett, Archbishop of Armagh, 1625–1681, Dublin: Catholic Truth Society of Ireland, 1954.
Sarah Tarlow, ‘Cromwell and Plunkett: Two Early Modern Heads called Oliver’, in Mary Ann Lyons and James Kelly (eds.), Death and Dying in Ireland, Britain and Europe: Historical Perspectives, Dublin: Irish Academic Press, 2013, pp. 59–76.
Visitor reactions to the relic can be found on www.tripadvisor.co.uk
Incorrupt bodies and the heads of Saint Edmund and Brian Boru:
Caroline Walker Bynum, The Resurrection of the Body in Western Christianity, 200–1336, New York: Columbia University Press, 1995.
Mark Faulkner, 2012, ‘“Like a Virgin”: The Reheading of St. Edmund and Monastic Reform in Late-Tenth-Century England’, in Larissa Tracy and Jeff Massey (eds.), Heads Will Roll: Decapitation in the Medieval and Early Modern Imagination, Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2012, pp. 39–52.
Saint Catherine of Siena’s head:
Gerald A. Parsons, ‘From Nationalism to Internationalism: Civil Religion and the Festival of Saint Catherine of Siena, 1940–2003’, Journal of Church and State, vol. 46, no. 4, 2004, pp. 861–885.
Gerald A. Parsons, The Cult of Saint Catherine of Siena: A Study in Civil Religion, Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2008.
Cephalophoric saints, reliquaries and the head of Saint Just of Beauvais:
Barbara Drake Boehm, ‘Body-Part Reliquaries: The State of Research’, Gesta, vol. 36, no. 1, 1997, pp. 8–19.
Bynum, Resurrection of the Body, 1995, op. cit.
Caroline Walker Bynum and Paula Gerson, ‘Body-Part Reliquaries and Body Parts in the Middle Ages’, Gesta, vol. 36, no. 1, 1997, pp. 3–7.
Hulse, ‘Dead Man’s Treasure’, 1994, op. cit.
Scott B. Montgomery, ‘Mittite capud meum … ad matrem meam ut osculetur eum: The Form and Meaning of the Reliquary Bust of Saint Just’, Gesta, vol. 36, no. 1, 1997, pp. 48–64.
Executed criminals and the healing power of human skulls and heads:
Ken Arnold, Cabinets for the Curious: Looking Back at Early English Museums, Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006.
Karl H. Dannenfeldt, ‘Egyptian Mumia: The Sixteenth-Century Experience and Debate’, Sixteenth Century Journal, vol. 16, no. 2, 1985, pp. 163–180.
Karen Gordon-Grube, ‘Anthropophagy in post-Renaissance Europe: The Tradition of Medicinal Cannibalism’, American Anthropologist, n.s., vol. 90, no. 2, 1988, pp. 405–409.
Karen Gordon-Grube, ‘Evidence of Medicinal Cannibalism in Puritan New England: “Mummy” and Related Remedies in Edward Taylor’s “Dispensatory”’, Early American Literature, vol. 28, no. 3, 1993, pp. 185–221.
P. Modenesi, ‘Skull Lichens: A Curious Chapter in the History of Phytotherapy’, Fitoterapia, vol. 80, 2009, pp. 145–148.
Louise Noble, ‘“And Make Two Pasties of Your Shameful Heads”: Medicinal Cannibalism and Healing the Body Politic in “Titus Andronicus”’, English Literary History, vol. 70, no. 3, 2003, pp. 677–708.
Mabel Peacock, ‘Executed Criminals and Folk-Medicine’, Folklore, vol. 7, no. 3, 1896, pp. 268–283.
Cemeteries, ossuaries and the power of the dead body:
Philippe Aries (trans. Helen Weaver), The Hour of Our Death, New York: Vintage Books, 2008 (1981).
Bynum, Resurrection of the Body, 1995, op. cit.
Paul Koudounaris, Empire of Death: A Cultural History of Ossuaries and Charnel Houses, London: Thames and Hudson, 2011.
Ruth Richardson, Death, Dissection and the Destitute, 2nd ed., Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000 (1988).
Saint John Fisher’s head:
Richard Hall, The Life and Death of the Renowned John Fisher, Bishop of Rochester, Who was Beheaded on Tower-Hill on 22d of June, 1535, London: P. Meighan, 1655.
John Timbs Romance of London: Strange Stories, Scenes and Remarkable Persons of the Great Town, London: Richard Bentley, 1865.
Simon Sudbury’s head:
Adrienne Barker, Simon of Sudbury: Slaughter of a Saint? MSc thesis, University of Dundee, 2011.
Simon Walker, ‘Sudbury, Simon (c.1316–1381)’, in Oxford Dictionary
of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004; online edition, January 2013. http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/26759
W. L. Warren, ‘A Reappraisal of Simon Sudbury, Bishop of London (1361–75) and Archbishop of Canterbury (1375–81)’, Journal of Ecclesiastical History, vol. 10, no. 2, 1959, pp. 139–152.
The embalmed body of Vladimir Lenin:
Katherine Verdery, The Political Lives of Dead Bodies, New York: Columbia University Press, 1999.
The skulls of Mozart, Beethoven and Schubert:
Peter J. Davies, Mozart in Person: His Character and Health, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1989.
Colin Dickey, Cranioklepty: Grave Robbing and the Search for Genius, Columbia, MO: Unbridled Books, 2009.
Thomas Browne’s head:
M. L. Tildesley, ‘Sir Thomas Browne: His Skull, Portraits, and Ancestry’, Biometrika, vol. 15, no. 1/2, 1923, pp. 1–76.
Charles Williams, ‘The Skull of Sir Thomas Browne’, Notes and Queries, 6 October 1894, pp. 269–270.
Chapter 6: Bone Heads
Joseph Haydn’s head:
Dickey, Cranioklepty, 2009, op. cit.
Karl Geiringer, Haydn: A Cr
eative Life in Music, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1982 (1946).
Franz Joseph Gall and phrenology:
Fay Bound Alberti, Matters of the Heart: History, Medicine, and Emotion, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.
Roger Cooter, The Cultural Meaning of Popular Science: Phrenology and the Organization of Consent in Nineteenth-Century Britain, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984.
James De Ville, Outlines of Phrenology, as an Accompaniment to the Phrenological Bust, London, 1824.
Charles Gibbon, The Life of George Combe, Author of “The Constitution of Man”, vol. 1, London: Macmillan and Co., 1878.
David Stack, Queen Victoria’s Skull: George Combe and the Mid-Victorian Mind, London: Hambledon Continuum, 2008.
Madeleine B. Stern, Heads and Headliners: The Phrenological Fowlers, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1971.
John van Wyhe, ‘The Authority of Human Nature: The Schädellehre of Franz Joseph Gall’, British Journal for the History of Science, vol. 35, 2002, pp. 17–42.
John van Wyhe, Phrenology and the Origins of Victorian Scientific Naturalism Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004.
Craniometry:
Joseph Barnard Davis and John Thurnam, Crania Britannica: Delineations and Descriptions of the Skulls of the Aboriginal and Early Inhabitants of the British Islands: With Notices of Their Other Remains, vol. 1, printed for the subscribers, London, 1865.
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