This was done on the year, indiction, month, day, pontificate and the place indicated above, in our presence and the presence of Umberto Vercellani, Nicolo Nicolai de Benvenuto and the aforementioned Robert de Condet, and also master Amise d’Orleans le Ratif, notaries public by the apostolic power, as well as pious and distinguished brother Raymond, abbot of the Benedictine monastery of St. Theofred, Annecy diocese, master Berard de Boiano, archdeacon of Troia, Raoul de Boset, confessor and canon from Paris, and Pierre de Soire, overseer of Saint-Gaugery in Cambresis, who were gathered specifically as witnesses.
And I, Robert de Condet, cleric of the diocese of Soissons, notary by apostolic power, observed with other notaries and witnesses each and every thing described above that occurred in the presence of the aforementioned reverend fathers lords cardinal presbyters, myself and other notaries and witnesses, as well as what was done by their lordships. On the orders from their lordships the cardinal presbyters, I made this record, and put in the official form, and sealed it with my seal, having been asked to do so.
And also I, Umberto Vercellani, cleric of Béziers, notary by apostolic power, observed with other notaries and witnesses each and every thing described above that occurred in the presence of the aforementioned lords cardinal presbyters, as well as what was done by their lordships cardinal presbyters just as it is shown above in fuller detail. On the orders from these cardinal presbyters, for further assurance, I wrote underneath this record and sealed it with my seal.
And also I, Nicolo Nicolai di Benevento, notary by apostolic decree, observed with other aforementioned notaries and witnesses each and every thing described above that occurred in the presence of the aforementioned lords cardinal presbyters, as well as what was done by their lordships just as it is shown above in fuller detail. On the orders from these cardinal presbyters, for further assurance, I wrote underneath this record and sealed it with my seal.
And also I, Arnulphe d’Orléans called le Ratif, notary by the power of the Holy Roman Church, observed with other aforementioned notaries and witnesses confessions, depositions and other each and every thing described above that occurred in the presence of the aforementioned reverend fathers lords cardinal presbyters, as well as what was done by their lordships just as it is shown above in fuller detail. On the orders from these cardinal presbyters, as a testimony of truth, I wrote underneath this record and sealed it with my seal, having been asked to do so.
The Lateran Treaty of 1929 (excerpts)
Excerpts from the Lateran Treaty of 1929 are from
spcp.prf.cuni.cz/dokument/lateran.htm.
Whereas the Holy See and Italy have recognized the desirability of eliminating every reason for dissension existing between them and arriving at a final settlement of their reciprocal relations which shall be consistent with justice and with the dignity of both High Contracting Parties, and which by permanently assuring to the Holy See a position de facto and de jure which shall guarantee absolute independence for the fulfillment of its exalted mission in the world, permits the Holy See to consider as finally and irrevocably settled the Roman Question which arose in 1870 by the annexation of Rome to the Kingdom of Italy, under the Dynasty of the House of Savoy;
And whereas it was obligatory, for the purpose of assuring the absolute and visible independence of the Holy See, likewise to guarantee its indisputable sovereignty in international matters, it has been found necessary to create under special conditions the Vatican City, recognizing the full ownership, exclusive and absolute dominion and sovereign jurisdiction of the Holy See over that City;
His Holiness the Supreme Pontiff Pius XI and His Majesty Victor Emanuel III, King of Italy, have agreed to conclude a Treaty, appointing for that purpose two Plenipotentiaries, being on behalf of His Holiness, His Secretary of State, viz. His Most Reverend Eminence the Lord Cardinal Pietro Gasparri, and on behalf of his Majesty, His Excellency the Cav. Benito Mussolini, Prime Minister and Head of the Government; who, having exchanged their respective full powers, which were found to be in due and proper form, have hereby agreed to the following articles:
Article 1
Italy recognizes and reaffirms the principle established in the first Article of the Italian Constitution dated March 4, 1848, according to which the Catholic Apostolic Roman religion is the only State religion.
Article 2
Italy recognizes the sovereignty of the Holy See in international matters as an inherent attribute in conformity with its traditions and the requirements of its mission to the world.
Article 3
Italy recognizes the full ownership, exclusive dominion, and sovereign authority and jurisdiction of the Holy See over the Vatican as at present constituted, together with all its appurtenances and endowments, thus creating the Vatican City, for the special purposes and under the conditions hereinafter referred to.
It is furthermore agreed that, although forming part of the Vatican City, St. Peter’s Square shall continue to be normally open to the public and shall be subject to supervision by the Italian police authorities, which powers shall cease to operate at the foot of the steps leading to the Basilica, although the latter shall continue to be used for public worship. The said authorities shall, therefore, abstain from mounting the steps and entering the said Basilica, unless and except they are requested to do so by the proper authorities.
Should the Holy See consider it necessary, for the purpose of special ceremonies, temporarily to prohibit the public from free access to St. Peter’s Square, the Italian authorities shall (unless specially requested to do otherwise) withdraw to beyond the outer lines of Bernini’s Colonnade and the extension thereof.
Article 4
The sovereignty and exclusive jurisdiction over the Vatican City, which Italy recognizes as appertaining to the Holy See, forbid any intervention therein on the part of the Italian Government, or that any authority other than that of the Holy See shall be there acknowledged.…
Article 7
The Italian Government undertakes to prohibit the construction within the territory surrounding the Vatican City, of any new buildings which might overlook the latter, and shall for a like purpose provide for the partial demolition of similar buildings already standing….
In accordance with the provisions of International Law, it shall be forbidden for aircraft of any kind whatsoever to fly over Vatican territory.
Article 8
Considering the person of the Supreme Pontiff to be sacred and inviolable, Italy declares any attempt against His person or any incitement to commit such attempt to be punishable by the same penalties as all similar attempts and incitements to commit the same against the person of the King.
All offences or public insults committed within Italian territory against the person of the Supreme Pontiff, whether by means of speeches, acts, or writings, shall be punished in the same manner as offences and insults against the person of the King.
Article 9
In accordance with the provisions of International Law, all persons having a permanent residence within the Vatican City shall be subject to the sovereignty of the Holy See. Such residence shall not be forfeited by reason of the mere fact of temporary residence elsewhere, unaccompanied by the loss of habitation in the said City or other circumstances proving that such residence has been abandoned.
Article 11
All central bodies of the Catholic Church shall be exempt from any interference on the part of the Italian State (save and except as provided by Italian law in regard to the acquisition of property made by corpi morali [recognized public bodies], and with regard to the conversion of real estate).
Article 12
It is understood that Italy undertakes in all cases to allow the freedom of correspondence for all States, including belligerents, to and from the Holy See, as well as free access to the Apostolic See by Bishops from all over the world.
The High Contracting Parties undertake to establish normal diplomatic relations between each other, by accrediting a
n Italian Ambassador to the Holy See and a Papal Nuncio to Italy, who shall be the doyen of the Diplomatic Corps, in accordance with the ordinary practice recognized by the Congress of Vienna by the Act of June 9, 1815, in consequence of the sovereignty hereby recognized and without prejudice to the provisions of Article 19 hereof, the diplomats accredited by the Holy See and the diplomatic couriers dispatched in the name of the Supreme Pontiff, shall enjoy within Italian territory, even in time of war, the same treatment as that enjoyed by diplomatic personages and couriers of other foreign Governments, according to the provisions of International Law.
Article 13
Italy recognizes the full ownership of the Holy See over the patriarchal Basilicas of St. John Lateran, Sta. Maria Maggiore, and St. Paul, with their annexed buildings.
The State transfers to the Holy See the free management and administration of the said Basilica of St. Paul and its dependent Monastery, also paying over to the Holy See all monies representing the sums set aside annually for that church in the budget of the Ministry of Education.
Article 14
Italy recognizes the full ownership by the Holy See of the Papal Palace of Castel Gandolfo, together with all endowments, appurtenances, and dependencies thereof, which are now already in the possession of the Holy See, and Italy also undertakes to hand over, within six months after the coming into force of the present Treaty, the Villa Barberini in Castel Gandolfo, together with all endowments, appurtenances, and dependencies thereof.
Further Reading
Aarons, Mark, and John Loftus. Unholy Trinity: The Vatican, the Nazis and the Swiss Banks. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1991.
Allen, John L. Jr. All the Pope’s Men: The Inside Story of How the Vatican Really Thinks. New York: Doubleday, 2004.
———-. Opus Dei. New York: Doubleday, 2005.
Amborsini, Maria Luisa, with Mary Willis. The Secrets of the Vatican Archives. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1996.
Baumgarten, Paul Maria. The Vatican Library and Its Secret Archives. Whitefish, MT: Kessinger, 2008.
Bander, Peter. The Prophecies of St. Malachy & St. Columbkille. Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire, UK: Collins Smythe, 1969.
Bokun, Branko. Spy in the Vatican. London: Tom Stacey, 1973.
Botting, Douglas, and Ian Sayer. Nazi Gold. New York: Grove Press, 1984.
Chadwick, Owen. Catholicism and History: The Opening of the Vatican Archives. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1978.
Cheetham, Nicolas. Keeper of the Keys: The Pope in History. London: Macdonald, 1982.
Collins, Paul. Papal Power. London: HarperCollins, 1997.
Cornwell, John. The Pontiff in Winter: Triumph and Conflict in the Reign of John Paul II. New York: Doubleday, 2004.
————-. A Thief in the Night: The Death of John Paul I. London: Viking, 1989.
Cornwell, Rupert. God’s Banker: The Life and Death of Roberto Calvi. London: Unwin, 1984.
Doyle, Thomas P., A. W. R. Sipe, and Patrick J. Wall. Sex, Priests and Codes: The Catholic Church’s 2000-Year Paper Trail of Sexual Abuse. Los Angeles: Volt Press, 2006.
Follain, John. City of Secrets: The Startling Truth Behind the Vatican Murders. New York: HarperCollins, 2004.
Friedlander, Saul. Pius XII and the Third Reich. London: Chatto & Windus, 1966.
Granfield, Patrick. The Limits of the Papacy. New York: Crossroads Books, 1987.
Greeley, Andrew. The Making of the Popes. London: Futura Press, 1978.
Gurwin. Larry. The Calvi Affair: Death of a Banker. London: Macmillan, 1983.
Jeffers, H. Paul. Freemasons: Inside the World’s Oldest Secret Society. New York: Citadel Press, 2005.
Kelly. J. The Oxford Dictionary of Popes. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1986.
Knight, Stephen. The Brotherhood: The Secret World of the Fressmasons. London: Granada, 1984.
Kung, Hans. The Catholic Church: A Short History. New York: The Modern Library, 2001.
Martin, Malachy. The Vatican. London: Secker & Warburg, 1986.
Murphy, Francis. The Papacy Today. New York: Macmillan, 1981.
Padallaro, Nazareno. Portrait of Pius XII. London: J. M. Dent, 1956.
Pallenberg, Corrado. The Vatican from Within. London: Harrap, 1961.
Podles, Leon J. Sacrilege: Sexual Abuse in the Catholic Church. Baltimore, MD: Crossland, 2008.
Poncins, Leon de. Vatican and Freemasons. Brooklyn, NY: Revisionist Press, 1982.
Shahrad, Cyrus. Secrets of the Vatican. New York: Gramercy, 2007.
Williams, Paul L. The Vatican Exposed. Amherst, NY: Prometheus, 2003.
Yallop, David. In God’s Name: An Investigation into the Murder of John Paul I. New York: Carroll & Graf, 2007.
Index
Aarons, Mark
Act of Chinon
Adrian III, Pope
Agca, Mehmet Ali
Alessandrini, Emilio
Alexander VI, Pope
Algardi, Alessandro
Allen, John
Allen, Richard
Alvarez, David
Amato, Angelo
Ambrosioli, Giorgio
America, the National Catholic Weekly
Amorth, Gabriele
Anacletus, Pope
Anderson, Jeffrey
Andreev, Metodi
Andreotti, Giulio
Andropov, Yuri
Angels & Demons (movie)
Angleton, James Jesus
Annotico Report
Anrig, Daniel Rudolf
Antonov, Sergei Ivanov
Apostolic Library Museums
Aquinas, Thomas
Arcigay
Arcudi, Giovanni
Arzube, Juan
Assets
Attila the Hun
Babic, Ivan
Banco Ambrosiano
Bank of Italy
Barbie, Klaus
Baronius, Cesare
Barrajon, Pedro
Basso, Michele
Baumann, Paul
Bayridge Residence
Bellarmine, Robert
Bellini, Federico
Benedict III, Pope
Benedict IX, Pope
Benedict V, Pope
Benedict VI, Pope
Benedict XIV, Pope
Benedict XV, Pope
Benedict XVI, Pope (Joseph Ratzinger)
Fátima secret and
George W. Bush meeting with
on the Harry Potter novels
on Masonic associations
opening of the archives
Opus Dei and
Pius XII and
St. Paul sarcophagus and
on sexual abuse
Swiss Guards and
Twisted Cross staff and
Benigni, Umberto
Berlusconi, Silvio
Bernard, Saint
Bernardin, Joseph
Bernstein, Carl
Berry, Jason
Bertels, Ruth
Biasetti, Mario
Bible, approval of texts for inclusion
Bigelow, Pearson
Birth control
Blackfriars Bridge (London)
Blair, Tony
Blech, Benjamin
Blondel, David
Blood Lies in the Vatican
Boleyn, Anne
Bonavoglia, Angela
Bonfante, Jordan
Boniface VII, Pope
Boniface VIII, Pope
Book banning
Borgia, Cesare
Borgia, Lucrezia
Bormann, Martin
Boyer, Leland
Bramante, Donato
Brossollet, Luc
Brown, Dan
Brunner, Alois
Brunson, Matthew
Buchs, Roland
Bush, George H.W.
Bush, George W.
Bush, John Ellis “Jeb,”
Callistus III, Pope
Calo, Pippo
Calvi, Carlo
Calvi, Roberto
Calvin, John
Canonization process
Cappella Sistina (Sistine Chapel)
Carboni, Flavio
Carlo-Stella, Maria Cristina
Carter, Jimmy
Casaroli, Agostino
Casey, William
Castel Gandolfo
Catanei, Vannoza
Catherine of Aragon
Catholic News Agency (CNA)
Catholic World News
Chinon Parchment
Christianity, official recognition by Constantine of
CIA (Central Intelligence Agency)
Cilice
City of Secrets (Follain)
Clark, Mark W.
Clark, William
Clement II, Pope
Clement III, Pope
Clement V, Pope
Clement VI, Pope
Clement VII, Pope
Clement XII, Pope
Clement XIII, Pope
Clement XIV, Pope
Clinton, Bill
Cody, John
Congregation for Divine Worship
Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
Congregation of the Index
Constantine
Copernicus, Nicholas
Cornwell, John
Corps of Gendarmerie of Vatican City
Corriere della Sera
Cosa Nostra (Mafia)
Council of Clermont
Council of Nicaea
Council of Troyes
Council of Vienna
Cova da Iria (Cove of Irene)
Crime of Solicitation
Croatia
Crusades
Cusano, Nicolo
Damasus II, Pope
Darwin, Charles
Da Silva, Jose
Da Silva, Maria Candida
DaVinci Code, The (Brown)
DaVinci Code, The (movie)
De Exorcismis et Supplicationibus Quibusdam (Of Exorcisms and Certain Supplications)
Defoe, Daniel
Dellacha, Giuseppe
Dell’Acqua, Angelo
Del Monte, Innocenzo Ciocchi
De Luca, Maurizio
De Mailly, Jean
De Modo Provedendi di Causis Crimine Soliciciones (On the Manner of Proceeding in Cases of the Crime of Solicitation)
De Molay, Jacques
Demonic possession
De Paolis, Velasio
De Payens, Hugues
Dark Mysteries of the Vatican Page 19
