by Bob Drury
Grand Review at, 287, 288–89
GW’s steely leadership at, 353
horse carcasses at, 212, 221, 234, 272
March storms at, 259, 260
Martha Washington at, 237, 238, 280–81, 309
meager Christmas dinners at, 129
Monmouth battle impact of, 329
new mood of hopefulness at, 278–79, 295–96
officers’ desertions from, 165–66
officers’ squabbles at, 141–42, 195, 219
patrols of surrounding country from, 115, 116–17
possibility of British assault on, 130–31, 134, 309
Potts House as GW’s headquarters at, 129, 144, 151, 159, 187, 188, 195, 197, 213, 219, 237, 238, 280
regional conflicts at, 152–53
resupply of, 265, 295, 309n
shortages of food and clothing at, 115–16, 120–21, 123, 130–32, 133, 140, 157, 164, 166–67, 181–82
smallpox inoculation at, 169–70, 265–66
unsanitary conditions at, 252
Valley Forge National Historical Park, 241
Varnum, James, 116, 120, 155, 184, 213–14, 219, 234, 263, 278, 281, 293
Vaux, James, 186–87
Vergennes, Comte de, 27, 28, 150, 151, 206, 209, 210, 248, 249, 349
Victor Emmanuel, King of Italy, 352
Virginia Blues, 111–12, 141, 152
Virginia militia, 9–10, 42
in Paoli Massacre, 48–49
Voltaire, 29, 211
Vowell, Sarah, 26
Wadsworth, Jeremiah, 222, 259, 265, 295
Waldo, Albigence, 105, 108, 120, 166–67, 337
Walpole, Horace, 12
War of 1812, 337
Washington, George, 1, 24, 75, 105n, 130, 243
appearance of troops as point of pride for, 152
appointed Continental Army commander, 4, 36
attack on Clinton’s march ordered by, 315
Bills of Conciliation rejected by, 279
birthday of, 242
in Brandywine battle, 18–19, 21–24
in capture of Fort Duquesne, 112
Circular to the States of, 204
and Clinton’s New Jersey march, 307–8
commandeering of Philadelphia-bound goods authorized by, 116, 121
and Congress’s concerns for Lafayette’s safety, 30
Congress’s conflicts with, 8–9, 10
on Conway’s promotion, 143
criticisms of, 9, 23–24, 36, 78, 81, 99–100, 101, 102, 189
daily patrols of Philadelphia area roads offered by, 171
in Delaware crossing, 28, 324
in desperate pleas for provisions, 215, 219, 221, 242
and disappearance of British troops from New York, 276–77
Fabian strategy of, 13, 14
in failed assault on Fort Duquesne, 111
Farewell Address of, 331
as “Father of the Country,” 220
foraging parties recalled by, 253
in French and Indian War, 1, 9–10, 17–18, 30–31, 59, 110–11, 291
French military engineers esteemed by, 32–33
French officers viewed as useless by, 31–32
fresh troops and supplies requested by, 10, 35–36, 41–42
and Gates’s Canadian expedition plan, 198, 232, 236
and Gates’s insubordination, 79–80, 91, 93
in Germantown battle, 63
Hamilton’s relationship with, 54, 57, 156, 187
as harsh disciplinarian, 112
Howe’s Chadds Ford outflanking of, 17–18
Howe’s march on Philadelphia shadowed by, 14
Howe’s plans pondered by, 42–43
importance of morale understood by, 23
Indian tactics adopted by, 111
intrigues against, 142, 145–48
as lacking military experience, 36
Lafayette’s first meeting with, 29
Lafayette’s relationship with, 24, 30–31, 57, 156, 187, 197
Laurens’s relationship with, 57, 83, 156, 187
leadership qualities of, 353
and Lee’s retreat in Monmouth battle, xi–xii, 318–20
in march to Valley Forge, 107–9, 112–13
Mifflin’s relationship with, 87–88
Monmouth battle report to Congress by, 328
in move to Chester County, 39
and nomination of Greene as quartermaster general, 227–29
overconfidence as concern of, 290
Pennsylvania assembly’s conflicts with, 9
pension proposal of, 190–91, 192, 223, 277, 296–97
and plan to float mines down Delaware River, 171, 174–75
and possible British assault on Valley Forge, 309
in private farewell to officers, 353
Quakers and, 186–87
in rallying of troops at Monmouth, 322–25, 328
recapture of New York as obsession of, 330
reform of supply system demanded by, 132–33, 190
in refusal to acknowledge Conway’s appointment, 144–45
reinforcements from Putnam requested by, 38, 58, 74
religious views of, 240–41
Representation to the Committee of Congress by, 188–94, 221
scheming against, 236, 240, 293, 333
seizure of civilian goods resisted by, 115–16
seizure of supplies from civilians ordered by, 88–89, 214–15
self-doubts of, 3–4, 30
in 1796 visit to Valley Forge, 354–55
slavery and, 153, 154
and smallpox inoculation, 167, 169–70, 265–66
spirit of self-sacrifice instilled in officers by, 219–20
and spring offensive options, 259, 280–82, 292–95
spring offensive provisioning plans of, 158–59
“starve, dissolve, or disperse” letter of, 131–34, 159, 160, 194
Steuben recommended for inspector general post by, 272–73, 289
Steuben’s growing influence on, 270, 271, 280
supply shortages and, 86–89, 93, 102, 114
surprise attack on Philadelphia proposed by, 126–28, 134
troop strength of, 58
Virginia Blues organized by, 111, 141, 152
War Councils convened by, 59, 61, 292, 293–95, 314
and War Council’s recommendation of delay in spring offensive, 294–95
war-ending confrontation sought by, 8, 15–16, 40
Washington, John, 65
Washington, Lawrence, 167
Washington, Lund, 154
Washington, Martha, 55
GW’s relationship with, 237–38, 241
at Valley Forge, 237, 238, 239, 242, 280–81, 309
Waterloo, Battle of, 351
Wayne, Anthony, 45, 164, 238–39, 275, 281, 293, 315, 316
attack on Clinton’s march favored by, 314
at Chadds Ford, 22
at Constitutional Convention, 339
death of, 340
at Fallen Timbers battle, 339
in Germantown battle, 62, 63, 80
GW’s rear guard commanded by, 40, 43, 44
as Legion of the United States commander, 339–40
in Monmouth battle, 317, 318, 322, 323
New Jersey foraging party led by, 215–16, 256
in Paoli Massacre, 46–49, 50–51
in Stony Point battle, 339
Valley Forge recommended as winter camp site by, 103
Wayne, Polly, 238–39
Weedon, George, 7, 64, 278
Weems, Mason, 240
Wentworth, Paul, 150–51, 203, 210, 257
West Point, 260
Arnold in plot to surrender, 333
U.S. Military Academy at, 338, 340
Wharton, Thomas, 160–62, 164, 212, 225, 261, 275
Whitemarsh, Pa.:
Congress’s factfinding mission to, 102
GW’s evacuation of, 107
GW’s headqu
arters at, 86, 91, 97
Howe’s probe of American forces at, 99
Whitney, Eli, 342
Wickes, Lambert, 206
Wills, Garry, 331
Wilmington, Del., 22n, 23, 100, 115, 121, 126, 141, 158, 162, 262, 275, 276, 307
Winthrop, John, 329
Witherspoon, John, 163
Woodman, Edward, 354–55
World War I, American Expeditionary Force in, 352
Yellow Springs, 46
York, Pa., 11, 53, 59, 65, 78, 103
Congress’s relocation to, 38
Yorktown, Battle of, 341, 344, 345, 350
British surrender at, 328, 330, 332, 344, 347
ILLUSTRATION CREDITS
♦ PART TITLES
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3. Courtesy of Independence National Historical Park
♦ PHOTO INSERT
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2. Courtesy of the Library of Congress
3. Courtesy of Independence National Historical Park
4. Courtesy of the Library of Congress
5. Courtesy of the National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution
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9. Courtesy of the Lilly Library, Indiana University
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12. Courtesy of Independence National Historical Park
13. Courtesy of the Museum of the American Revolution
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17. Courtesy of the Library of Congress
18. Courtesy of Independence National Historical Park
19. Courtesy of the Museum of the American Revolution
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24. Courtesy of the Library of Congress
25. Courtesy of Valley Forge National Historical Park
26. Courtesy of Valley Forge National Historical Park
27. Courtesy of Yale University Art Gallery
28. Courtesy of Yale University Art Gallery
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30. Courtesy of the Library of Congress
31. Courtesy of the Library of Congress
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33. Courtesy of Valley Forge National Historical Park
34. Courtesy of the Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association
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Copyright © 2018 by Bob Drury and Tom Clavin
For illustration credits, see pages 395–96.
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Interior design by Lewelin Polanco
Jacket design by Jackie Seow
Jacket painting: George Washington at Valley Forge, Preliminary Sketch, 1854 (Oil on Canvas), Matteson, Tompkins Harrison (1813–84) / Private Collection / Photo © Christie’s Images / Bridgeman Images
Maps by David Lindroth
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Drury, Bob, author. | Clavin, Thomas, author.
Title: Valley Forge / Bob Drury and Tom Clavin.
Description: New York : Simon & Schuster, 2018. | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2018022453| ISBN 9781501152719 (hardback) | ISBN 9781501152726 (trade paperback)
Subjects: LCSH: United States—History—Revolution, 1775–1783—Campaigns. | Washington, George, 1732–1799—Headquarters—Pennsylvania—Valley Forge. | Valley Forge (Pa.)—History. | BISAC: HISTORY / United States / Revolutionary Period (1775–1800). | HISTORY / Military / United States. | HISTORY / North America.
Classification: LCC E234 .D78 2018 | DDC 973.3—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018022453
ISBN 978-1-5011-5271-9
ISBN 978-1-5011-5273-3 (ebook)
