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CHRONOLOGY
A.D. 410
Visigoths sack Rome
426
St. Augustine’s De civitate Dei
476
Fall of Rome, end of Western Roman Empire
493
Barbarian Clovis accepts Christ
539
Arthur of Britain slain
800
Charlemagne crowned in St. Peter’s
A.D. 1000
Leif Erikson reaches America
1100
200 years of crusades begin
1123
Future priests must be celibates
1215
Medieval papacy reaches culmination
1218–1224 Genghis Khan extends empire in west
1247
Robin Hood dies
1296
Marco Polo dictates memoirs
1347
First Black Death pandemic
1381
Oxford expels Wyclif
First stirrings of Renaissance
1414
Jan Hus betrayed
1433
Prince Henry the Navigator flourishes
1453
Constantinople falls
1458
Gutenberg’s Bible
1475
Birth of Cesare, Cardinal Borgia’s son
1477
Canterbury Tales
1478
Pope Sixtus IV conspires to slay Medicis during High Mass in Florence Cathedral
1480
Birth of Lucrezia, Cesare’s sister
1486
Dias rounds the tip of Africa
1484
Pied Piper murders 130 German children
1485
Le morte d’Arthur
1487
Torquemada named Grand Inquisitor Star Chamber in England
1488
King James III of Scotland murdered
1490
Savonarola’s first Bonfire of the Vanities
1492
Cardinal Borgia buys the papacy, becomes Pope Alexander VI
Columbus discovers the Bahamas
1495
Vatican revels with naked prostitutes
First syphilis outbreak ravages Naples
1497? Amerigo Vespucci in the New World
1497
Lucrezia Borgia’s triple incest
The pope’s eldest son, Juan, is murdered
1498
Manutius’s five-volume Aristotle published
Rise of humanism
Savonarola burned at the stake
Lucrezia gives birth to the Infans Romanus
A.D. 1500
Michelangelo: Madonna and Child
1501
Over 1,000 printing shops now in Europe
Pope acknowledges paternity of his daughter’s child
1502
All books challenging papal authority ordered burned
1503
Julius II: the Warrior Pope
A world lit only by fire: the medieval mind and the Renaissance Page 33
