Petroleum, 203–4
Philadelphia, 58
Philip III, King of Spain, 168
Philip IV, King of Spain, 32
Phonautograph, 92, 93, 94, 95–97, 118, 253
Phonograph, 92, 97–98, 205, 206, 252
Photography, 217, 218,
flash (Blitzlicht), 218, 222, 224, 225
lenses for, 25, 27, 42
of tenement conditions, 218, 222–26, 224
Physics, 16, 59, 170, 250
atomic, 187, 188, 190, 191
experimental, 27
of motion, 166, 184
of sound, 90–91, 124
Pierce, John, 232
Piezoelectricity, 184–85
Pisa, Duomo of, 164–66, 167, 190
Pixar, 254
Pleistocene era, 127
Polsby, Nelson W., 81
Pork, preserved, 68, 127
Postmodern architecture, 226, 230
Postum Cereal Company, 74
Prelude, The (Wordsworth), 176
Printing press, 7, 20, 22, 32, 52, 197
air-conditioning and, 76
demand for spectacles generated by, 4, 22, 251
scientific revolution and, 25
Progressive Era, 223
Public health, 140, 142–45, 148–50, 154
Pullman, George, 130, 131
Pullman (Illinois), 132
Pygmalion (Shaw), 138
Quantum mechanics, 10, 41
Quartz, 19, 184–87, 190, 192
Radiation, 187, 190
electromagnetic, 108
Radio, 100, 105–8, 109, 110, 112–13, 121, 184
advertising on, 151–52
Morse code transmitted by, 119
noise of, 115
Radiocarbon dating, 190–92
Railroads, 59–61
refrigerator cars on, 59–60
timekeeping and, 178, 180, 182–83, 189
Refrigeration, 46, 59–61, 64–68, 250
frozen foods made possible by, 70, 76
ice-powered, 57, 59
science behind invention of, 64–65
Rembrandt van Rijn, 31, 35
Renaissance, 31, 32, 35–37, 90
Republican Party, 81
Reznikoff, Iegor, 88
Richards, Keith, 116
Riis, Jacob, 218, 220, 221, 222–26, 224
Rio de Janeiro, 45, 53, 83, 128
Rivoli Theater, 77, 80
Robbins, Marty, 115
Robotics, 158
Roebuck, Alvah, 178
Rockefeller, John D., 149
Roman Catholic Church, 25
Roman Empire, 2, 198
glass objects from, 14, 15
Romanticism, 176, 241, 242, 252
Rome, ancient, 154, 165, 226
Ronettes, 88
Roosevelt, Theodore, 220
Royal College of Science, 27
Royal Navy, British, 120
Royal Society, 242
Russell, Charles Edward, 60
Rust Belt, 83
Sackett & Wilhelms printing company, 78
Sahara, 13
St. Louis, 182
World’s Fair, 82
Salk, Jonas, 193
Sanitation, see Sewers
San Francisco, 128, 151
São Paulo, 154
Savannah, 46, 85
Scanners, bar-code, 233–34, 236
Schubert, Franz, 110
Scotland, Royal Astronomer of, 216
Scott de Martinville, Édouard-Léon, 91–92, 93, 94–98, 118, 252
Scribner’s magazine, 220
Seagram Building (Manhattan), 229
Sears, Richard Warren, 178
Sears, Roebuck catalog, 178
Self-portraits, 31–32, 33, 35
Semmelweis, Ignaz, 136–37, 152
Sewers, 127–30, 132, 134, 160, 161
drinking water and, 136, 142, 144, 154
waste-disposal technology without, 156, 158
Shantytowns, 129, 154
Shaw, George Bernard, 138
Shipping, 54, 68, 128
global, 170, 172
SIGSALY (Green Hornet), 103–5, 107–8
Silicon dioxide, 10, 13–14, 189
physical properties of, 17, 19, 29, 31, 42–43, 251
Silicon Valley, 250
Sinclair, Upton, 60, 134–35
Singer Building (New York), 99
Skyscrapers, 99, 171
Slaughterhouses, 58–61, 129
Sleep patterns, effect of artificial light on, 200–201
Smyth, Charles Piazzi, 216–18, 219, 225
Snow, John, 140, 141, 142, 154, 160
Solar energy, 54–55
Sonar, 120–23
Sonic Youth, 115
Sound amplification, 113–18
in caves, 87–90, 118
impact on public speaking of, 8, 114, 231
See also Phonograph; Radio; Vacuum tubes
Spectacles, 21, 23, 39–41, 89, 90, 172, 180, 251
lenses of, 2, 4, 20, 22, 27
Spector, Phil, 88
Spermaceti, 201–3, 203
Sputnik, 194
Standard Time, 183
Stanford University, 254
Star Trek (television series and movies), 232
Star Wars (movies), 232
Steam engine, 64, 66, 114, 170
Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 138
“Strange Fruit” (Holiday), 112
Styrofoam, 53
Submarine Signal Company (SSC), 118–20
Subways, 114, 133
Sumerians, 164
Sun Belt, 80–81, 83
Sundials, 163–64, 167, 180, 182, 184
Swan, Joseph, 209
Swift, Gustavus Franklin, 59
Target stores, 234
Technics and Civilization (Mumford), 34–35
Telegraph, 61, 66, 103, 180, 182, 183
wireless, 106, 120
Telephones, 94, 97–107, 156, 187
mobile, 31, 100, 102, 189–90, 194
Telescopes, 10, 24–25, 34, 38–39, 251
Television, 25, 27, 105, 108, 110, 151, 168
Tenements, 220, 222–24, 224, 226
Texas, 67, 83, 192
Texas Instruments, 159
Thermodynamics, 64, 66
Thompson, E. P., 170, 172–74
Thoreau, Henry David, 45, 55
Timepieces, see Clocks; Watches
Titanic (ship), 119, 120, 122
Tokyo, 83
Shibuya Crossing, 229
Townes, Charles H., 188
Trade, 17
global, 36, 60, 170, 172
ice, see Ice trade
in meat products, 58–60
in natural goods, 54
Transistors, 80, 100, 102, 158
Tropics, 62, 73, 80
cash crops of, 54
ice trade in, 46, 48, 50–55, 61, 243
Trinidad, 48
Trinity Building (New York), 100
Tucson, 80
Tudor, Frederic, 45–46, 47, 48–55, 57, 61–62, 72, 80, 84–85, 167, 253
Tudor, John, 46
Tudor, William, 48–50
Turing, Alan, 103
Turkey, 17, 18
Turner, Ike and Tina, 88
Tutankhamun, tomb of, 14, 15, 43, 199
Twitter, 31
Typhoid, 140, 143, 148
Ultrasound, 123
United Company of Spermaceti Chandlers, 201
United States [America], 138
artificial lighting in, 197
AT&T telephone monopoly in, 100–102
bar-code scanners in, 234–35
Biological Survey of, 68
civil rights movement in, 112–13
clock time in, 180, 182–84
jazz in, 110, 112
national highway system of, 6
neon lights in, 228
water purification in, 143–46, 148–50
during World War I, 120
Upton, Francis, 211, 212
Utah, 228
Vacuum tubes, 8, 9, 100, 108, 113–17, 250
Van Gogh, Vincent, 31
Velázquez, Diego, 32, 33, 34
Velvet Underground, 231
Venice, 18, 35
glassmaking in, see Murano
Ventures, 115
Venturi, Robert, 226, 229–31
VHS, 7
Victoria, Queen of England, 242
Victorian Age, 185, 216, 242, 245, 253
diseases in, 134, 154
women in, 242, 245
Vienna General Hospital, 136
Walden (Thoreau), 45
Walden Pond, 45, 55
War in the Age of Intelligent Machines (De Landa), 1
War of the Worlds, The (Wells), 231, 234
Washington, D.C., 104
Washington, George, 202
Waste removal, see Sewers
Watches, 2, 170, 172, 180–82, 184–85, 189
pocket, 176, 178, 179, 180
Water, chlorination of, 143–44, 148–50
sewage and need for, 136, 142, 144, 154
Wedgewood, Josiah, 174
Wells, H. G., 27, 231, 235
West Indies, 46, 48–52
Whaling industry, 201–3, 236
Wheeling (West Virginia), 182
Wiltse, Jeff, 149
Wisconsin, 180
Wolfe, Tom, 229
Woodland, Norman Joseph, 233
Woodstock, 114
Wordsworth, William, 176
World War I, 120–21
World War II, 80, 103, 120
World Wide Web, 7, 31
Xerox-PARC, 211
Yale University, 204
School of Art and Architecture, 226
Yellow fever, 211
Young, Tom, 228, 231
Young Electric Sign Company (YESCO), 228–30
Zeiss, Carl, 142
Zukor, Adolph, 79, 80
Table of Contents
Also by Steven Johnson
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
Introduction: Robot Historians and the Hummingbird’s Wing
1. Glass
2. Cold
3. Sound
4. Clean
5. Time
6. Light
Conclusion: The Time Travelers
Acknowledgments
Notes
Bibliography
Credits
Index
How We Got to Now: Six Innovations That Made the Modern World Page 22
