Malcolm X
Page 39
BOOK REVIEW:
This booklet consists of twelve articles which appeared in The Militant between July, 1965, and March, 1966. Of the three subjects arrested, convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment for the murder of Malcolm X the authors claim that one was undoubtedly guilty but he was not proved to be a member of the Black Muslims. The other two subjects who were Black Muslims were not a part of the assassination and were framed by the police in order to show Malcolm’s death was caused by the rival organization. Breitman writes in an introductory note, “Readers should also understand that if the New York police were involved in the assassination (and nothing said or done at the trial, or in the four years since the crime, has absolved them of this charge), that involvement could not have been on their own initiative, but must have resulted from the decision and direction of the Government in Washington, that is, the CIA.”
MENTION OF THE FBI:
The FBI is mentioned on pages 5, 6, 9, 11, 22, and 29. On the first three listed pages, mention is made of the Bureau in connection with its investigations and development of informants in extremist groups. On the last three mentioned pages the FBI is referred to as to testimony given during the trial and evidence obtained.
ACTION.
For information.
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
MEMORANDUM
TO
:
Mr. E. S. Miller
DATE: 8/1/72
FROM
:
[BUREAU DELETION]
SUBJECT
:
BOOK REVIEW
“THE END OF WHITE
WORLD SUPREMACY’
(FOUR SPEECHES BY MALCOLM X)
EDITED BY
BENJAMIN GOODMAN
EXTREMIST MATTERS
This is a review of captioned book, published in 1971 by Merlin House, Inc. The book is being placed in the Bureau Library.
REVIEW OF BUREAU FILES:
Malcolm X (true name Malcolm Little) was Harlem hoodlum and ex-convict who became Muslim while imprisoned. He rapidly rose to become Nation of Islam (NOI) minister and major spokesman until split with NOI in March, 1964, and formed Muslim Mosque, Inc. (a quasi-religious, politically oriented black nationalist group), and Organization of Afro-American Unity (OAAU), (a militant civil rights action group aligned with all African descendants). He was assassinated, at age 39, by three Muslims 2/21/65 while addressing four hundred OAAU followers in New York City (NYC). He has since been considered hero and martyr by many revolutionaries.
Editor Benjamin Goodman (true name Augustus Benjamin Goodman) is Negro, aged 40, former NOI Assistant Minister, who defected from NOI with Malcolm X and was his primary assistant.
BOOK REVIEW:
This book is collection of four speeches by Malcolm X introduced by Goodman, who relates background of this “impassioned and inspired” black nationalist and describes setting for each speech.
These speeches were delivered during period 12/62-12/63, the final year of Malcolm X’s NOI affiliation, and all except one were presented in NYC.
The first and longest speech entitled “Black Man’s History” was presented at Malcolm X’s NOI Mosque No. 7 in Harlem 12/23/62. It includes rambling, grossly distorted anti-white view of history emphasizing blacks’ oppression by “white devils.”
“The Black Revolution,” the second speech, was delivered at Adam Clayton Powell’s Abyssinian Baptist Church, NYC. Text relates view only lasting solution to race problem is complete racial separation. Malcolm X proposed that U. S. should give blacks land in proportion to population ratio or send blacks back to Africa and provide their subsistence there for twenty-five years.
“The Old Negro and the New Negro,” the third speech, is actually Malcolm X’s comments during appearance on Philadelphia radio station, Fall 1963, following address at University of Pennsylvania. Comments include his views on decline of European colonialism, awakening of “dark” world, and development of black pride and self-reliance.
The last speech, “God’s Judgement [sic] of White America,” (subtitled “The Chickens are Coming Home to Roost”), was delivered at Manhattan Center, NYC, on 12/3/63. He declares that decline of U. S. as world power is God’s punishment for enslavement of 22 million blacks and, unless whites “repent,” further retribution will occur.
MENTION OF FBI:
FBI is not mentioned in book.
ACTION:
For information.
SAC, Albany
4/19/72
Director, FBI
BIRTHDAY ANNIVERSARY—MALCOLM X
MAY 19, 1972
EXTREMIST MATTERS
Malcolm K. Little, better known as Malcolm X, a black militant leader, was born 5/19/25. He was killed in New York City (NYC) 2/21/65.
Because many of today’s black revolutionaries regard Malcolm X as a hero and a martyr, the possibility exists that the anniversary of his birthday may be marked by them with acts of violence. As an example, last year two NYC police officers were seriously wounded in a machine gun attack by black assailants the night of 5/19. Anonymous letters claiming credit for the attack linked the shooting to “Malcolm’s Birthday.”
Bring this to the attention of all Agents handling black extremist matters so that they may be alert for any information concerning possible violence in connection with Malcolm X’s birthday. Instruct black extremist informants to be particularly alert to obtain and report such information.
If any such information developed, promptly advise Bureau under appropriate caption and handle in accordance with existing instructions.
2—All Offices
HEH:aso (124)
NOTE: See memorandum [BUREAU DELETION] to Mr. E. S. Miller, dated 4/18/72, captioned as above, prepared by HEH;aso.
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
COMMUNICATIONS SECTION
MAY 16, 1972
TELETYPE
NR 10 SD CODE
1100PM N1TEL 5-15-72 LLC
TO BUREAU (ATTENTION D I D)
FROM SAN DIEGO (157-3191) (P) 4P
BIRTHDAY ANNIVERSARY—MALCOLM X, MAY NINETEEN NEXT, EXTREMIST MATTERS.
TWO SAN DIEGO SOURCES ADVISED SUBSTANTIALLY AS FOLLOWS ON MAY TWELVE LAST:
THE BIRTHDAY ANNIVERSARY OF THE LATE MALCOLM X, EARLY LEADER IN THE BLACK NATIONIST MOVEMENT, WILL BE OBSERVED WITH FESTIVITIES MAY NINETEEN AND TWENTY NEXT AT SOUTH-CREST PARK, FORTIETH AND KEELER STREETS, AND AT RUSS AUDITORIUM AT SAN DIEGO HIGH SCHOOL, SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA.
FESTIVITIES AT SOUTHCREST PARK WILL START ELEVEN THIRTY AM MAY NINETEEN AND WILL FEATURE SONGS, DANCES AND POETRY READING, AS WELL AS TALKS BY COMMUNITY LEADERS. LAST YEAR’S MALCOLM X CELEBRATION AT THE PARK WAS ATTENDED BY AN ESTIMATED FIVE THOUSAND PERSONS.
AMONG THOSE SCHEDULE TO ATTEND AND ENTERTAIN THE GUESTS WILL BE LE ROI JONES, REFERRED TO AS IMAMU BARAKA, POET AND BLACK POLITICAL ACTIVIST; CAIPHUS SEMANYAN, LEADER OF A MUSICAL GROUP CALLED THE UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA; LETTA MBULU, AN ENTERTAINER FROM AFRICA; DAVID NELSON OF THE LAST POETS, A POETRY READING GROUP, AND RUPERT CROSSE AND TATANISHA, STARS OF THE TELEVISION PROGRAM “ROOM TWO TWENTY TWO.”
HIGHLIGHT OF THE CELEBRATION WILL BE THE FIFTH ANNUAL MISS AFROAMERICA SAN DIEGO PAGEANT AT EIGHT PM MAY TWENTY NEXT AT RUSS AUDITORIUM. THE THEME OF THE PAGEANT IS “BLACK WOMEN DASH AFRICAN ESSENCE REBORN.” MASTER OF CEREMONIES DURING THE PAGEANT WILL BE BLACK ACTOR RICHARD ROUNDTREE CURRENTLY STARRING IN A MOTION PICTURE TITLED “SHAFT.”
THE TWO DAY CELEBRATION IS BEING SPONSORED BY THE CONGRESS OF AFRICAN PEOPLE (CAP), THE NATIONAL INVOLVEMENT ASSOCIATION (NIA), THE BLACK STUDENT UNIONS (BSU) IN VARIOUS LOCAL SAN DIEGO COLLEGES AND HIGH SCHOOL CAMPUSES, AND OTHER COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS.
CAP’S BASIC GOAL IS THE GLOBAL EXPRESSION OF BLACK NATIONALISM.
NIA IS A LOCAL SAN DIEGO BLACK ORGANIZATION SELF DESCRIBED AS A MOVEMENT FOR REVOLUTIONARY BLACK NATIONALISM AND IS DIRECTLY AFFILIATED WITH CAP.
THE BSU IS A STUDENT DASH BASED BLACK MILITANT ORGANIZATION.
>
VERNON JOHN FONTENETTE, JR., REFERRED TO AS IMAMU SUKUMU, WESTERN REGIONAL COORDINATOR FOR CAP, WILL BE THE OFFICIAL HOST OF THE EVENT.
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
MEMORANDUM
TO
:
ACTING DIRECTOR, FBI
DATE: 5/17/72
FROM
:
SAC, SEATTLE
(157-1882)(RUC)
SUBJECT
:
BIRTHDAY ANNIVERSARY
—MALCOLM X
5/19/72
EXTREMIST MATTERS
Re Bureau letter to Albany, 4/19/72.
During May, 1972, Seattle sources and informants familiar with black extremist activity were contacted and advised they did not have any information relating to any possible violence in connection with MALCOLM X’s birthday.
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION COMMUNICATIONS SECTION
MAY 19, 1972
TELETYPE
NR 054 NY CODE
1219 AM 5-19-72
URGENT 5-18-72 PAC
TO ACTING DIRECTOR
ATT DID
FROM NEW YORK 157-7584 3P
BIRTHDAY ANNIVERSARY—MALCOLM X
MAY NINETEEN, NEXT
EXTREMIST MATTERS
RE NEW YORK LETTER TO BUREAU, MAY NINE, INSTANT.
ON MAY EIGHTEEN, INSTANT, A CONFIDENTIAL SOURCE, WHO HAS FURNISHED RELIABLE INFORMATION IN PAST, ADVISED FOLLOWING DEMONSTRATIONS AND ASSEMBLIES ARE TO TAKE PLACE ON MAY NINETEEN, NEXT IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE BIRTHDAY ANNIVERSARY OF MALCOLM X:
ELEVEN O’CLOCK AM—PILGRIMAGE TO FERN-CLIFF CEMETERY HARTSDALE, WESTCHESTER, NEW YORK, BURIAL SITE OF MALCOLM X, AND SPONSORED BY ORGANIZATION OF AFRO-AMERICAN UNITY (OAAU), TWO TWO FOUR WEST ONE THIRTY NINTH STREET, NYC.
TWELVE TO SEVEN O’CLOCK PM—MALCOLM X MEMORIAL ASSEMBLY AT FULTON STREET BETWEEN LEWIS AND SCHENECTADY AVENUE, BROOKLYN. UN-SPONSORED.
TWO O’CLOCK PM—BIRTHDAY CELEBRATION AT SEVENTH AVENUE AND ONE HUNDRED TWENTY FIFTH STREET, KNOWN IN BLACK COMMUNITY AS MALCOLM X SQUARE, WITH NO SPECIFIC SPONSOR INDICATED.
THREE O’CLOCK PM—DEMONSTRATION AT UNITED NATIONS BUILDING, FORTY SECOND STREET AND FIRST AVENUE, NYC, SPONSORED BY SEVERAL BLACK ORGANIZATIONS FOR PURPOSE OF DISCUSSING PLIGHT OF UNITED STATES POLITICAL PRISONERS ALSO TRIBUTES MAY BE GIVEN TO MALCOLM X.
ABOVE CONFIDENTIAL SOURCE ADVISED NO ACTS OF VIOLENCE TO HIS KNOWLEDGE ARE BEING PLANNED, AND ABOVE ASSEMBLIES ARE TO BE MEMORIAL TRIBUTES. NEW YORK CONFIDENTIAL SOURCES WERE RECONTACTED REGARDING ABOVE AND NONE WERE ABLE TO FURNISH ANY ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION COMMUNICATIONS SECTION
MAY 20, 1972
TELETYPE
NR 008 WF PLAIN
455 PM NITEL 5-28-72 MWM
TO
ACTING DIRECTOR
(ATTENTION DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE)
FROM
WASHINGTON FIELD (157-4953) (FIVE PAGES)
BIRTHDAY ANNIVERSARY, MALCOLM X
MAY NINETEEN, SEVENTY TWO
EXTREMIST MATTERS
ALL SOURCES MENTIONED HEREIN HAVE FURNISHED RELIABLE INFORMATION IN THE PAST.
MALCOLM X (LITTLE) WAS A MILITANT CIVIL RIGHTS ACTIVIST WHO WAS ASSASSINATED IN FEBRUARY NINETEEN SIXTY FIVE IN NEW YORK CITY.
THE UNITED STATES PARK POLICE, WASHINGTON, D.C., ADVISED ON MAY TWELVE, SEVENTY TWO THAT A DEMONSTRATION WAS SCHEDULED TO BE HELD IN MERIDIAN HILL PARK, SIXTEENTH AND EUCLID STREETS, N.W., WASHINGTON, D.C., ON MAY NINETEEN SEVENTY TWO TO COMMEMORATE MALCOLM X (MX). AN ESTIMATED THREE HUNDRED PARTICIPANTS WERE ANTICIPATED.
ON MAY SIXTEEN, SEVENTY TWO SOURCE ONE ADVISED A FLIER HAD BEEN PREPARED FOR PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION ANNOUNCING A BLACK ARTS FESTIVAL TO BE HELD IN HONOR OF MX ON MAY NINETEEN, SEVENTY TWO AT MX PARK, SIXTEENTH AND EUCLID STREETS, N.W., WASHINGTON, D.C., FROM SIX O’CLOCK A.M. TO NINE O’CLOCK P.M. INCLUDING A SUNRISE SERVICE, AFRICAN DANCING AND DRUMMING, AND ARTS AND CRAFTS EXHIBITS. ATTACHED TO THE FLIER WAS A POSITION PAPER OF THE MX MEMORIAL COMMITTEE WHICH EXTOLS THE VIRTUES OF MX, STRESSES THE UNITY OF BLACK PEOPLE EVERYWHERE AND URGING BLACK PEOPLE TO BECOME TOTALLY INVOLVED IN THE STRUGGLE FOR BLACK SURVIVAL.
SOURCE TWO ADVISED THAT ON FRIDAY MORNING, MAY NINETEEN, SEVENTY TWO, AT APPROXIMATELY SIX THIRTY A.M., NINE MALE NEGRO INDIVIDUALS DRESSED IN DASHIKIS AND AFRICAN-TYPE GARB WERE OBSERVED AT THE SPEAKER’S STAND IN MERIDIAN HILL PARK (MX PARK). THEY STOOD ABOUT FOR A BRIEF PERIOD OF TIME, SOME WITH HEADS BOWED, AND DEPARTED FROM THE PARK. BETWEEN SIX THIRTY A.M. AND SEVEN FORTY A.M. ON THAT DATE, NO OTHER ACTIVITY IN THE PARK WAS NOTED. BETWEEN THE HOURS OF FOUR O’CLOCK P.M. AND SIX O’CLOCK P.M. ON MAY NINETEEN, SEVENTY TWO, MUSIC AND BONGO DRUMMING ENTERTAINMENT WAS FURNISHED AND ABOUT SEVEN TABLES HAD BEEN SET UP IN THE PARK DISPLAYING AFRICAN TRINKETS, SOUVENIRS, AFRICAN ART AND CRAFTWORK. APPROXIMATELY TWO HUNDRED PERSONS, ADULTS AND CHILDREN, WERE MOVING ABOUT IN THE PARK. THERE WERE NO SPEECHES DURING THIS PERIOD OF TIME AND NO INCIDENTS WERE OBSERVED. A HEAVY RAIN BEGAN FALLING SHORTLY AFTER FIVE THIRTY P.M. THE EXHIBITS WERE TAKEN UP AND THE CROWD BEGAN TO DISPERSE.
SOURCE THREE ADVISED THAT A LOCAL RADIO STATION HAD ANNOUNCED ON LATE FRIDAY AFTERNOON, MAY NINETEEN, SEVENTY TWO, THAT THE EVENING ACTIVITY AT MX PARK HAD BEEN CANCELED BECAUSE OF RAIN.
[BUREAU DELETION]
IN VIEW OF ABSENCE OF EXTREMIST ACTIVITY, NO DISSEMINATION BEING MADE LOCALLY. CASE CLOSED, NO LHM BEING SUBMITTED. C.
END
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION COMMUNICATIONS SECTION
MAY 20, 1972
TELETYPE
NR 003 CI CODE
157AM NITEL 5/20/72 DAH
TO ACTING DIRECTOR
FROM CINCINNATI (157-403) C 2P
RALLY AND MARCH IN HONOR OF MALCOLM X,
FRANKLIN PARK, COLUMBUS, OHIO
MAY NINETEEN, NINETEEN SEVENTY TWO
ON MAY NINETEEN LAST, A RELIABLE CONFIDENTIAL SOURCE ADVISED THAT A RALLY CONSISTING OF APPROXIMATELY ONE THOUSAND NEGROES WAS HELD IN FRANKLIN PARK, COLUMBUS, ON MAY NINETEEN LAST IN HONOR OF MALCOLM X. SOURCE ADVISED HOWARD FULLER, PRESIDENT OF MALCOLM X UNIVERSITY, GREENBOROUGH, N.C. TOLD THE RALLY HE RECENTLY SPENT EIGHT WEEKS WITH RHODESIAN FREEDOM FIGHTERS AND THAT THEY MUST UNITE BEHIND THEIR AFRICAN BROTHERS. FULLER CLAIMED POLICE IN THE U.S. ARE IN COLLUSION WITH BLACK DRUG PUSHERS TO PREVENT BLACKS FROM BEING INVOLVED IN REVOLUTIONARY ACTIVITIES. FULLER URGED CROWD TO TRAVEL TO W DC FOR AFRICAN LIBERATION DAY, MAY TWENTY SEVEN NEXT.
SOURCE ADVISED CROWD MARCHED FROM PARK THROUGH EAST SIDE OF COLUMBUS RETURNING TO PARK AND DISPERSING AT TEN PM MAY NINETEEN LAST ALL WITHOUT INCIDENT.
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Jackson, Mississippi
May 31, 1972
BIRTHDAY ANNIVERSARY-MALCOLM X
MAY 19, 1972
On May 23, 1972, a confidential source, who has furnished reliable information in the past, advised that The Black Unity Coordinating Committee and the Social Science Division of Tougaloo College, Tougaloo, Mississippi, furnished a program in connection with Malcolm X’s birthday of May 19, 1972.
Source stated this meeting was held on May 17, 1972, and that the principal speaker, Norman Hodges, was invited to speak by Roy Walker, senior student at Tougaloo College and president of The Black Unity Coordinating Committee, Tougaloo College.
Source stated that during the afternoon and evening sessions actual attendance was only sixty to seventy persons, primarily students.
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
MEMORANDUM
TO
:
ACTING DIRECTOR, FBI
DATE: 6/5/72
FROM
:
SAC, NEW HAVEN
(157-3115) (ROC)
SUBJECT
:
BIRTHDAY ANNIVERSARY
—MALCOLM X
MAY 19, 1972
EXTREMIST MATTERS
RE: Bureau Letter to Albany, 4/19/72.
No information concerning above captioned matter has come to the a
ttention of agents of the New Haven Office handling extremist matters.
UACB, no further investigation being conducted by New Haven in this matter.
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
MEMORANDUM
TO
:
ACTING DIRECTOR, FBI
DATE: 6/9/72
FROM
:
SAC, MIAMI (157-3337) (C)
SUBJECT
:
BIRTHDAY ANNIVERSARY
—MALCOLM X
MAY 19, 1972
EXTREMIST MATTERS
ReBulet dated 4/19/72.
All appropriate sources of the Miami Office were alerted for any information concerning possible violence in connection with MALCOLM X’s birthday.
The date of his birthday has passed and no information was received that any individual or organization planned violence in connection with his birthday.
Also, no violence took place in the Miami area concerning MALCOLM X’s birthday.
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Baltimore, Maryland
June 21, 1972
RE: BIRTHDAY ANNIVERSARY
MALCOLM X
MAY 19, 1972
EXTREMIST MATTERS
On May 21, 1972, [BUREAU DELETION] advised that the members of the Ujamma Shop, Soul School, Black United Front, and Black Student Union, all from Baltimore, Maryland presented a Malcolm X festival at old Polytech, located at North Avenue and Calvert Streets on May 19, 1972. The admission fee was $1.50 for students, $2.00 for adults. About five hundred people attended in spite of the rain. The affair was given to help raise money for the expenses of the African Liberation Demonstration Day march in Washington, D.C.