Malcolm X
Page 43
The May 23, 1964 edition of the New York Amsterdam News, a weekly Negro newspaper published in New York City, contained an article by columnist JAMES BOOKER in which he indicated that he had heard that the visit by MALCOLM X with Muslim leaders during his African tour has changed him to become more religious.
On October 6, 1964, a confidential source advised that the MMI is apparently affiliated with the true orthodox Islam religion through its affiliation with the Islamic Foundation (of New York), 1 Riverside Drive, New York City. The only teachings of the MMI are on the Islamic religion.
This confidential source advised on May 17, 1965, that the headquarters of the MMI are located in Suite 128, Hotel Theresa, 2090 Seventh Avenue, New York, New York, where they were established on March 16, 1964. These headquarters are shared with the Organization of Afro-American Unity (OAAU) which was also headed by MALCOLM X.
MALCOLM X was assassinated on February 21, 1965 while addressing an OAAU rally at the Audubon Ballroom, Broadway and 166th Street, New York City.
L. Nation of Islam, formerly referred to as the
Muslim Cult of Islam, also known as
Muhammad’s Temples of Islam
In January, 1957, a source advised ELIJAH MUHAMMAD has described his organization on a nationwide basis as the “Nation of Islam” (NOI), and “Muhammad’s Temples of Islam.”
On May 8, 1964, a second source advised ELIJAH MUHAMMAD is the national leader of the NOI; Muhammad’s Temple of Islam No. 2, 5335 South Greenwood Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, is the national headquarters of the NOI; and in mid-1960, MUHAMMAD and other NOI officials, when referring to MUHAMMAD’s organization on a nationwide basis, commenced using either “Mosque” or “Temple” when mentioning one of “Muhammad’s Temples of Islam.”
The NOI is an all-Negro organization which was originally organized in 1930 in Detroit, Michigan. MUHAMMAD claims to have been selected by Allah, the Supreme Being, to lead the so-called Negro race out of slavery in the wilderness of North America by establishing an independent black nation in the United States. Members following MUHAMMAD’s teachings and his interpretation of the Koran believe there is no such thing as a Negro; that the so-called Negroes are slaves of the white race, referred to as “white devils,” in the United States; and that the white race, because of its exploitation of the so-called Negroes, must and will be destroyed in the approaching “War of Armageddon.”
In the past, officials and members of the NOI, including MUHAMMAD, have refused to register under the provisions of the Selective Service Act and have declared that members owe no allegiance to the United States.
On May 5, 1958, the first source advised MUHAMMAD had, upon advice of legal counsel, tempered his personal statements and instructions to his ministers concerning the principles of his organization in order to avoid possible prosecution by the United States Government; however, he did not indicate any fundamental changes in the teachings of his organization.
On May 7, 1964, a third source advised MUHAMMAD had, early in July, 1958, decided to de-emphasize the religious aspects of the teachings of Islam and to stress the economic benefits to be derived by those Negroes who joined the NOI. This policy change, according to MUHAMMAD, would help him acquire additional followers and create more interest in his programs.
M. Nation of Islam, Mosque No. 7
On May 3, 1965, a source advised that the Nation of Islam (NOI) affiliate in New York City is known as Mosque No. 7, and is also referred to as Temple No. 7. It is part of the national organization of the NOI headed by Elijah Muhammad with headquarters in Chicago, Illinois.
There are three branches of Mosque No. 7; one at 105-03 Northern Boulevard, Queens (known as Mosque No. 7B), another at 120 Madison Street, Brooklyn (known as Mosque No. 7C), and one at 878 Prospect Avenue, Bronx (known as Mosque No. 7D).
There is no branch in Manhattan, although plans are being made to obtain a location which will be the principal meeting place of the Mosque and will be known as Mosque No. 7.
The date Mosque No. 7 originated in New York City is unknown but in this connection it should be noted that in 1953, a second source advised that there was a Temple of the NOI (known to source then as the Muslim Cult of Islam) in New York City located at 135th Street and 7th Avenue, as far back as 1947.
N. Organization of Afro-American Unity, Incorporated
(OAAU)
On June 28, 1964, MALCOLM X LITTLE, founder and leader of the Muslim Mosque, Incorporated (MMI), publicly announced the formation of a new, all Negro, militant civil rights action group to be known as the Organization of Afro-American Unity (OAAU), with himself as chairman. This announcement was made at a public rally held by the MMI in the Audubon Ballroom, Broadway and 166th Street, New York City.
A printed and published statement of basic OAAU aims read by MALCOLM X at this meeting indicates that it shall include “all” people of African descent in the Western Hemisphere, as well as “our” brothers and sisters on the African continent. It is patterned after the “letter and spirit” of the Organization of African Unity established (by African heads of states) at Addis Ab-baba, Ethiopia, in May, 1963.
A recording of the remarks of MALCOLM X at this meeting indicates that the aim of the OAAU is to eliminate differences between Negroes so they can work together for “human rights,” while the initial objective is to “internationalize” the American civil rights movement by taking it to the United Nations. LITTLE condemned the non-violent civil rights movement and claims that Negroes should be taught to protect themselves, when and if necessary. The OAAU will sponsor a program for Negroes of education, politics, culture, economics, and social reform.
On May 17, 1965, a confidential source advised that the headquarters of the OAAU are located in MMI headquarters, Suite 128, Hotel Theresa, 2090 7th Avenue, New York City.
MALCOLM X was assassinated on February 21, 1965, while addressing an OAAU rally at the Audubon Ballroom, New York City.
On April 13, 1965, a second confidential source advised that on March 26, 1965 the OAAU filed a Certificate of Incorporation with the Department of State, State of New York, Albany, New York, and henceforth the organization’s true name will be Organization of Afro-American Unity, Incorporated.
O. Progressive Labor Party, Progressive Labor
Movement, “Progressive Labor”
A source advised on July 2, 1962, that Progressive Labor groups held a conference in New York City on July 1, 1962, where MILTON ROSEN acted as chairman. He read a statement at this conference setting forth their intention to form a new Marxist-Leninist party in the United States. ROSEN stated that a more formal organization was necessary, one which would provide a framework for all who wanted to join in a united effort to build an American vanguard. The forces of this new organization are to consolidate all existing forces around Progressive Labor and organize additional forces; expand and improve political activities; win additional forces to an outlook of Marxism-Leninism and increase the open advocacy of socialism; develop a significant Marxist-Leninist program for the new party; and organize a collective organization of leaders and members.
The Worker, an East Coast Communist newspaper, issue of January 7, 1962, page 10, column 3, reported the expulsion of MILTON ROSEN, former Labor Secretary of the New York State Communist Party, from the Communist Party, United States of America.
A second and third source advised in February, 1963, that this new Marxist-Leninist party had not yet been organized on a formal basis, but that Progressive Labor groups had been formed in several localities in line with the proposals of MILTON ROSEN. The sources advised as of February, 1963, that the leaders of this group were referring to it as the Progressive Labor Movement.
A fourth source advised on March 15, 1964, that the Progressive Labor Movement follows, supports, and is politically oriented toward the Communist Party line of Red China rather than of the Soviet Union.
A fifth source advised on March 28, 1964, that at a Progressive Labor Movement meeting held in
New York City on that date, it was announced that the Progressive Labor Movement would try to hold a national convention in New York City in September, 1964, to organize the Progressive Labor Movement on a more formal basis into a Progressive Labor Party.
The fifth source also advised that the Progressive Labor Movement published a monthly magazine called Progressive Labor and also a quarterly theoretical publication called the Marxist-Leninist Quarterly. The source also advised that starting June I, 1964, the Progressive Labor Movement would start publishing a weekly newspaper in New York City.
The March, 1964, issue of Progressive Labor sets forth that it is published monthly by the Progressive Labor Company, General Post Office Box 80S, Brooklyn 1, New York.
P. Provisional Organizing Committee for a Marxist-
Leninist Communist Party (POC); also known as
Provisional Organizing Committee for the
Reconstitution of a Marxist-Leninist Party;
Provisional Committee for the Reconstruction
of the Marxist-Leninist Communist Party;
Provisional Committee to Reconstitute
the Communist Party, USA
The September, 1958, issue of The Marxist-Leninist Vanguard, which is self-identified as being published by the “Provisional Organizing Committee for a Marxist-Leninist Communist Party,” contains an article on page 1 entitled “Communist Conference” which discloses that a conference was held in New York City, August 16 and 17, 1958, “to guarantee the survival of Marxism-Leninism in the USA.” At this conference a call was issued for the formation of a “Provisional Organizing Committee for the Reconstitution of a Marxist-Leninist Party.”
In the same issue of The Marxist-Leninist Vanguard there is contained “a declaration” which reads in part:
Therefore, we of the Marxist-Leninist caucus of the old Party, having met in a national conference on August 16th-17th, 1958, have constituted ourselves as a Provisional Committee for the Reconstitution of the Marxist-Leninist Communist Party.
The October, 1958, issue of The Marxist-Leninist Vanguard on page i contains an article entitled, “5 Questions,” which stated, “our aim is to forge ahead in our movement, and later, join in a constitutional convention with any other movement which is fighting for the creation of a genuine Communist vanguard party.”
[BUREAU DELETION] that the POC continues to function as an organization with most of the meetings being held in the residences of individual members. It has active groups in New York, New York; Chicago, Illinois; Cleveland, Ohio; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Northern California. The organization is also known as the Provisional Committee to Reconstitute the Communist Party, USA.
Q. Revolutionary Action Movement (RAM)
On November 3, 1964, a source made available a document entitled “The Revolutionary Action Movement Manifesto,” the document having been obtained by the source from an individual known to be a member of RAM.
This document stated, in part, that RAM was officially organized in the winter of 1963, by Afro-Americans who support the revolutionary objectives of ROBERT F. WILLIAMS, now residing in Cuba, and his concept of organized violence to achieve the liberation of the Afro-American people in the United States. This manifesto reflected that RAM had oriented its program to one of education and political revolution and the organization of a “black” political party with revolutionary objectives, having recognized the need for a “black revolution” that could and would seize power. RAM philosophy is described in this document as one of revolutionary nationalism, that is, one involving the struggles of the non-white races of the world against exploitation and enslavement by the white capitalist and imperialist nations.
Regarding WILLIAMS, above, it should be noted that on August 28, 1961, a Federal warrant was issued at Charlotte, North Carolina, charging him with Unlawful Flight to Avoid Prosecution for the Crime of Kidnapping. Subsequent to the issuance of this warrant, WILLIAMS fled the United States to Cuba, where he now publishes a monthly newsletter entitled The Crusader, from Havana.
On November 16, 1964, a second source advised that he learned recently from a RAM member that the organization was begun in Detroit, Michigan, largely under the impetus of DON FREEMAN, Cleveland, Ohio, described as the “Father” of RAM and referred to as RAM’s “Black Stalin.” FREEMAN now serves as RAM Chairman, with MAXWELL STANFORD, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, serving RAM as Field Chairman. This second source advised that there is no formal headquarters, as such, for RAM at present, but that headquarters are, in effect, with FREEMAN since he plays a dominant role in the leadership and directs the policies and activities of the organization.
This second source, in September, 1964, advised that RAM is dedicated to the overthrow of the capitalist system in the United States, by violence if necessary, and to its replacement by a socialistic system oriented toward the Chinese communist interpretation of Marxism-Leninism. RAM is entirely non-white in membership, clandestine in nature, and owes its primary allegiance to the “Bandung World,” that is, the non-white races of the world, rather than any national entity, as such.
To date, according to the second source, in November, 1964, RAM has organized units and membership in several of the larger cities in the United States east of the Mississippi River, and the organization is currently active, attempting to recruit new members and expand its sphere of influence.
R. Socialist Workers Party-Los Angeles Local
(SWP-LAL)
On [BUREAU DELETION] advised that the SWP-LAL has been in existence since the 1930s and continues to exist. The source further advised that the SWP-LAL is a local branch of the National SWP with aims and purposes identical to those of the National SWP.
The SWP has been designated by the Attorney General of the United States, pursuant to Executive Order 10450.
S. Socialist Workers Party-Philadelphia Branch
A source advised on May 25, 1964, that the Philadelphia Branch of the Socialist Workers Party (PBSWP) is an affiliate of the National SWP, which Malntains headquarters at 116 University Place, New York, New York, and, as such, follows the aims and purposes of the National SWP. The source advised that the PBSWP, which has been an active organization in Philadelphia since 1940, does not have a headquarters at the present time but utilizes residences of various members for meetings and functions. The source added that the PBSWP utilizes the name “Militant Labor Forum” for public affairs and “Workers Party” as a ballot name when running candidates for public office.
T. Socialist Workers Party-New York Local
A source stated on August 25, 1960, that the Socialist Workers Party (SWP) New York Local (NYL) was founded in 1938 in New York City.
A second source stated on April 16, 1965, that the NYL was affiliated with and followed the aims and purposes of the National SWP.
The SWP has been designated pursuant to Executive Order 10450.
U. Socialist Workers Party-San Francisco Division
A source advised on August 1, 1960, that the San Francisco Branch of the Socialist Workers Party (SWP) was formed approximately in the early part of 1938 and the Oakland Branch of the SWP was formed in the latter part of 1938.
A second source advised on October 26, 1959, that the name of the Oakland Branch of the SWP was changed to the Oakland-Berkeley Branch of the SWP.
A third source advised on April 20, 1964, that the San Francisco Branch and the Oakland-Berkeley Branch of the SWP follow the policies and directives of the National SWP with which they are affiliated.
The SWP has been designated by the Attorney General of the United States pursuant to Executive Order 10450.
V. Socialist Workers Party-Seattle Branch
In May, 1961, a source advised that during the month of May, 1941, the Seattle Branch of the Socialist Workers Party (SWP) was reorganized and received official recognition as a branch of the Party from the national office of the SWP in New York, New York.
On May 6, 1964, another source advised that the Seattle Branch, SWP,
with headquarters at 3815 5th Avenue Northeast, Seattle, Washington, is a present affiliate of the National SWP, following the aims and principles of the National SWP. According to source, membership in the Seattle Branch includes RICHARD FRASER, who is a member of the SWP National Committee, and his wife, CLARA FRASER, who is an alternate member of the SWP National Committee.
W. Workers World Party
On April 17, 1959, a confidential source advised that on February 12, 1959, a Socialist Workers Party (SWP) minority group, under the leadership of National Committee member SAM BAL-LAN, split from the SWP.
The source stated that this minority group, referred to as the Marcyites, after many years of program and policy differences on varied issues concerning tactics and interpretation of political events, split from the SWP on the grounds that the Party was liquidating itself by departing from the Marxist precepts of LEON TROTSKY and retreating from the fight for the world socialist revolution. The final issue which ultimately forced the split was the minority’s opposition to the SWP regroupment policy which involved cooperation with the Communist Party (CP) periphery—individuals characterized by the minority as petit-petty bourgeois.
The minority program, according to the source, advocates unconditional defense of the Soviet Union and has as its goal the building of a revolutionary party with a complete proletarian orientation for the purpose of overthrowing capitalism in the United States and throughout the world.
On May 12, 1960, the source advised that this minority group had chosen the name Workers World Party.
On May 6, 1963, a second confidential source stated that the headquarters of the Workers World Party were located at 46 West 21st Street, New York, New York.
The SWP and the CP have been designated pursuant to Executive Order 10450.
X. Young Socialist Alliance
The May, 1960, issue of the Young Socialist (YS), page 1, column 3, disclosed that during April 15 through 17, 1960, a national organization entitled “The Young Socialist Alliance” (YSA) was formed by the nationwide supporter clubs of the publication YS.