by Gail Dines
Defloration.com, 149–50
desensitization: of children to violence, 62; and child sexual abuse, 117–18, 144, 156–57; to hypersexualized girls and young women, 141–42; to pseudo-child porn (PCP), 160; and sex offenders, 94–96, 144; to violence of porn sex, 63, 74–75, 93–94, 159–60
The Devil in Miss Jones, 104
Dichter, Ernest, 10
DirecTV, 51–52
disease risks. See injury and disease risks to porn performers Doll Forum, 76–78
Dreamworlds, 44
Dworkin, Andrea, 85–86, 88
eating disorders, 111, 115, 118
EchoStar Communications Corporation, 52
Edmond, Andrew, 47
E! Entertainment, ix, 22, 35, 39, 42, 51, 123
Ehrenreich, Barbara, 3–4
Elle, 141
Ezzell, Matt, 45, 62
Fanning, Dakota, 141
fashion industry, 82, 99, 102–3, 141–42, 162
FBI, 151
Federal Bureau of Prisons, 162
female body: of Asian female porn performers, 125; black women’s buttocks as “booty,” 128; body image of women, 109–11; and genital waxing, xii, 91, 99–101; of porn performers, 91; in pseudo-child porn (PCP), 146, 152–53. See also pubic hair female sexuality: and African American women, 123–24, 126–30; and Asian women, 124–26, 131, 134; and Cosmopolitan, xii, 100, 107–9, 142; and female sexual agency, 118–19, 165; and Girls Gone Wild (GGW), 26–34; and hookup sex as porn sex, 89–91, 114–19; and hypersexualization of women and girls, 100–113, 117–19, 128, 141–42, 162; porn’s depiction of, xxiii–xxix; porn’s effects on, xii–xiii, xxx, 67–68, 91–92, 99–119; and Sex and the City, 25, 100, 105–7; and “slut” label, xxi–xxiv, 28–30, 33, 34, 64, 102–4, 115–16, 123–31, 146, 148, 152, 156. See also porn performers; pseudo-child porn (PCP); women and girls The Feminine Mystique (Friedan), 101
femininity. See female sexuality; women and girls feminism: and counter-ideology to porn, 98, 163–65; critique of dominant conceptions of femininity by, 113; and female sexual agency, 118–19, 165; on male identity, xxviii–xxix, 59; negatives views of, x, 44, 79, 84, 88; on porn, xiii, 45, 82, 84–86, 88; and pro-sex, x; on rape, 96–98. See also sexism file-sharing networks, 48
films. See movies; porn sex; Vivid Entertainment First Time with Daddy (Web site), 154
Fishbein, Paul, xvi–xvii, 1
Flying Crocodile, 47
Flynt, Althea, 19
Flynt, Larry, 1–2, 15, 16, 18–23, 28, 143. See also Hustler food, 110–11
Francis, Joe, 26–30, 32, 34
Free Speech Coalition, 56, 142–43
Friedan, Betty, 101
Frye, Marilyn, 116
Full Metal Jacket, 125
GagFactor (Web site), xix–xx gagging: in interracial porn, 130, 137; and male domination, xxv; and money shots, xxvi–xxvii; in porn sex, xviii–xx, xxii. See also porn sex Gallery, 14
gambling industry, 51, 53
games. See video game industry gender socialization, xxix–xxx, 59–78, 86–88, 98, 101–2
Generation of Vipers (Wylie), 4
genital waxing, xii, 91, 99–101
GGW. See Girls Gone Wild (GGW) Ghetto Gaggers (Web site), 130
Gill, Rosalind, 109, 110
Gilligan, James, 60
girls. See child porn; child sexual abuse; female sexuality; incest porn; women and girls Girls Gone Wild (GGW), 26–34
GirlsGoneWild (Web site), 26, 27
The Girls Next Door, ix, 22, 51
Gnutella, 48
gonorrhea, xxviii gonzo porn: definition of, xi, xxii, 43; and interracial porn, 135–40; sadism and pseudo-child porn (PCP), 152–58; violence of, xi, xiii, xviii–xxiii, 43, 68–75, 88, 94, 130; women of color in, 123–31. See also Hardcore, Max; porn; porn sex Goodman, Jesse, 115–16
Gosling, Ryan, 76
Grand Theft Auto (GTA), 50, 62
Grello, Catherine M., 115
Grey, Sasha, ix, 40–41, 54
Gross, Brian, 54
Growing Up in a Porn Culture (slide show), 164
GTA. See Grand Theft Auto (GTA) Guccione, Bob, 1–2, 12–13, 20, 22–23. See also Penthouse Hamamoto, Darrell, 131, 133–34
Hardcore (documentary), 72
Hardcore, Max, 45, 70–75, 99, 157
HarperCollins, 52
HBO, 35, 52
health problems. See injury and disease risks to porn performers Heffler, David G., 160
Hefner, Hugh, ix, 1–2, 6–14, 18–20, 22, 26. See also Playboy Henderson, Alex, 51, 52–53
Henry J. Kaiser Foundation, 61–62
Herman, Judith, 155
Hilton, Paris, 33, 103
Hilton hotels, 52
hip-hop, 128–29
Hirsch, Steve, 41, 45
Hite, Shere, 114
HIV, xxviii Holiday Inn, 52
homophobia, 65
hookup sex, 89–91, 114–19
hotel industry, 52–53
How to Make Love Like a Porn Star (Jameson), 35–38, 52
Hustler, 1–2, 14–23, 28, 95, 104
Hustler.com, 21, 28, 124–25
Hustler corporation, 27, 28, 54, 56–57, 143
Hustler TV, 51
Hyatt hotels, 52
hypersexualization of women and girls, 100–113, 117–19, 128, 141–42, 162
I Am Legend, 54
illness risks. See injury and disease risks to porn performers Imus, Don, 87, 121, 140
incest porn, 154–57, 159
iN DEMAND, 52
Indiana University, ix industry of porn. See porn industry injury and disease risks to porn performers, xxvii–xxviii, 35, 38
Internet: business models for, 49; child porn on, 56, 144; Club Jenna on, 21, 36; and cyber-sex addiction, 57, 92–94; games on, 49; and Girls Gone Wild (GGW), 26, 27; and Hustler, 21; marketing practices for porn sites, 49, 57–58; and Penthouse, 20–21; and pirated or free porn on, xvii; and Playboy, 21; porn on generally, xi, xiii, xvii, xviii, 20, 47, 49, 59; search engines for porn, 53; statistics on porn on, 47, 49; teen porn on, xxi, 143, 146–58; and video-sharing Web sites, 49; and virtual sex, 50; and Vivid Entertainment, 43–44. See also porn; porn sex; and specific Web sites interracial porn (IP), 122, 129–30, 135–40. See also racism iPods, 49
IVD, 28
Jack Goes Boating, 56
Jameson, Jenna, ix, 21, 34–40, 51, 52, 123
Jansen, Bernard J., 49
Jensen, Robert, 59, 68, 114, 163
Jeremy, Ron, 52
Jhally, Sut, 44
JM Productions, xix–xx Johnson, Reed, 99
Juniper Research Company, 48
Justice Department, 142
Kagen Research, 51
Katz, Jackson, 45
Kazaa, 48
Kick Ass Pictures, 121
Kimmel, Michael, 2, 114, 117
King Kong, 135–36
Kipnis, Laura, 17
Kirk, Justin, 54
Klein, Calvin, 141–42
Krone, Tony, 145–52
The Ladies of Liberty City (GTA), 62
lad mags, 44–45
Lanning, Kenneth, 151, 158
Lars and the Real Girl, 76
Latina women, 88, 124, 131
Lee, Jack, 133, 134
Lee, Santino, 133
lesbian video series, 27
Let Me Tell Ya ’Bout Black Chicks, 104
Levy, Ariel, 102
Liberty Media group, 52
Lipsitz, George, 10
Lipstick Lesbos (Web site), 27
LodgeNet, 53
Lohan, Lindsay, 111
Long Dong Black Kong, 122, 135
Lords, Traci, 54
MacKinnon, Catharine, 85–86, 88
magazines. See men’s magazines; women’s magazines; and specific magazines mainstreaming of porn: and Cosmopolitan, xii, 100, 107–9, 142;
and fashion industry, 82, 99, 102–3, 141–42, 162; and Girls Gone Wild, 26–34; and Sasha Grey, ix, 40–41, 54; and J
enna Jameson as porn star, ix, 21, 34–40, 123; and lad mags, 44–45; and music videos, 44, 104, 142; and Playboy, Penthouse, and Hustler, xxix, 1–23, 49; and porn industry, 47–58; and porn stars, 25, 34–41, 54–55; and Sex and the City, 25, 100, 105–7; and Howard Stern, 25, 39, 41, 45–46, 71, 123; and Vivid Entertainment, 27, 41–44, 45
Malamuth, Neil, 95
male sexuality: and addiction to porn, 80, 92–94, 93–94; and African American men, 67, 122, 135–40; and anger toward hookup, 90; and Asian men, 131–35; and child porn, 160–62; and dehumanization of women in porn, 63–68; and difficulty in separating girlfriends from porn performers, 91–92; feelings of sexual inadequacy, 89–90; and hip-hop, 128–29; and hookup sex, 89–91, 114–19; and interracial porn, 122, 129–30, 135–40; and Maxim, 44–45; and negative reaction to gonzo porn by men, 73–75, 93–94; and porn images intruding on their sex lives, 90–92; porn’s depiction of, xxiv–xxix; porn’s effects on, xi–xii, xiii, xvii–xviii, xxii–xxiii, xxix–xxx, 67–68, 74–98; and porn viewing following sex, 90–91; and pre-Internet days of porn, xi, xvii; and pseudo-child porn (PCP), 158–62; and socialization by culture and porn industry, xxix–xxx, 59–78, 86–88, 98. See also men and boys; porn performers Maltz, Wendy and Larry, 93
Mann, Christian, 121
Marcus, Mr. (Jesse Spencer), 122–23
Margold, Bill, xxvi Marriott hotels, 52
Marx, Karl, 101
masculinity. See male sexuality; men and boys mass media. See movies; television Maxim, 41, 44–45, 123
May, Elaine, 10
McRobbie, Angela, 106
media scholarship, 81–88
media technologies, 48–49. See also Internet; television Meet the Fockers, 56
Me Fuck You Long Time (Web site), 125
men and boys: and masculinity as competitive and aggressive, 59–60; rape by, 85–86, 94–98, 116, 117; resistance to porn by, 164–65; socialization of, by culture and porn industry, xxix–xxx, 59–78, 86–88, 98; and societal trends of 1950s, 2–5. See also male sexuality; porn performers men’s magazine(s): and lad mags, 44–45; Maxim as, 41, 44–45, 123; in 1940s–1950s, 1, 6, 12. See also specific magazines Microsoft, 53
Miller, Russell, 12, 13
Miller-Young, Mireille, 129
minstrel shows, 139
“money shot,” xxvi–xxvii, 59, 67
Mormon Church, 52, 100
Morrison, Jack, 57
Moss, Kate, 111
movies: porn as focus of Hollywood movies, 54–56; racism in, 87, 121; violence in Hollywood movies, 61; and Vivid Entertainment, 27, 41–44, 45. See also porn sex; and specific movies Moynihan Report, 126
MSEX, 122–23
MTV. See music videos multiple penetrations in porn sex, xviii, xxv–xxviii, 65–66, 137. See also porn sex Murdoch, Rupert, 52
music videos, 44, 104, 142
My Sexy Daughter (Web site), 154, 158
Napolitano, Chris, 22
Nappy Headed Hos, 121
Nazi propaganda, 65
News Corp., 52
New Wave Hookers, 104
NORML (National Organization
for the Reform of Marijuana Laws), 19
Oh No! There’s a Negro in My Mom, 135
Olsen, Mary Kate, 111
O Magazine, 25
Once You Go Black . . . You Never Go Back series, 138
On-Command, 53
OnlyBestSex (Web site), xix oral sex: ass-to-mouth sex, xix, 68–69; gagging during, xviii–xx, xxii, xxv–xxvii, 130, 137; injury risks during, in gonzo sex, xxvi, xxviii; in interracial porn, 137, 138; male domination in, xxv; in porn stories, xviii–xx, xxiii, xxv; in pseudo-child porn (PCP), 157. See also porn sex Parker, Sarah Jessica, 105
Paul, Pamela, 89, 160
PCP. See pseudo-child porn (PCP) pedophiles, 159–62. See also child sexual abuse Penthouse, xvii, 1–2, 12–15, 20–23, 49, 95
Penthouse Films, 54
Penthouse Media Group, 20
people of color. See African Americans; racism Perry, Lincoln Theodore Monroe Andrew, 86–87
Phuck Fu Masters (Web site), 133
Pimp My Black Teen (Web site), 127
Pink Visual studio, 53
pinup magazines, 6
plastic surgery, 82–83
Playboy: advertising in, 9–14, 17, 20; anti-woman and anti-marriage view of, 4–5; centerfolds of, xvii, xviii, 6–8, 13; circulation of, 2, 11, 12, 13, 14; current businesses related to, 21–23; and Hefner’s public image, 18–20; Hustler as competition for, 14–20; and ideology of consumption, 9–11; on Jenna Jameson, 35; literary content of, 8; and mainstreaming of porn, xxix, 1–12, 22–23; original title for, 7; Penthouse as competition for, 12–15, 49; playboy as ideal reader of, 6–12, 17; and Playboy bunny logo, 1, 12; public image of, as quality lifestyle magazine, 6–12, 14; rape story in, 11–12; research on consumers of, 95; sales statistics for, 2, 20; and societal trends of 1950s, 2–5; target audience for, 2–3, 6–9
Playboy brand, 1, 21, 22
Playboy TV, 21–22, 51
politics, 84–85
pop culture. See mainstreaming of porn; television porn: addiction to, 57, 80, 92–94, 93–94; age at first viewing of, xi, xxi; author’s lectures and slide shows on, xi–xii, 79–81, 88, 92, 96, 99–101, 163–64; child porn, 56, 94, 142–45, 151, 159–62; collective action against, xxx–xxxi, 163–65; counter-ideology to, 98, 164–65; as fantasy, 82, 83–84; and female sexual identity, xii–xiii, xxx, 67–68, 91–92, 99–119; feminists’ views of, xiii, 45, 82, 84–86, 88; and gender socialization, xxix–xxx, 59–78, 86–88, 98, 101–2; gonzo type of, xi, xxii, 43, 123–24; incest porn, 154–57, 159; individual resistance to, 163; interracial porn, 122, 129–30, 135–40; and male sexual identity, xi–xii, xiii, xvii–xviii, xxii–xxiii, xxix–xxx, 67–68, 74–98; and media scholarship, 81–88; niche markets for, xxx, 142; outdated views of, by older population, xiii, xviii; pre-Internet days of, xi, xvii; racist stereotypes in, xxx, 88, 121–40; rape’s connections with, 85–86, 94–98; sex as erroneously equated with, x–xi; and sexism, 87–88, 98; stories of gonzo porn, xxiii–xxix; teen porn, xxi, 143, 146–58. See also Internet; mainstreaming of porn; porn industry; porn sex; pseudo-child porn (PCP) porn-as-fantasy argument, 82, 83–84
Pornified (Paul), 89
porn industry: and Adult Entertainment Expo, xv–xvii; and Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition, 142–43; as big business, x, xvi–xvii, 46–58; business activities of, 50–51; and business models, 49; economic connections between mainstream industries and, 51–53; as highly competitive, xvi–xvii; history of, 1–20; and Hustler, 1–2, 14–23, 28, 95, 104; Jenna Jameson’s relationship to, 37–39; lobbying by, 142; and mainstream films and television, 54–56; mainstreaming of, 47–58; marketing devices for, 49; and media technologies, 48–49; and Penthouse, xvii, 1–2, 12–15, 20–23, 49, 95; and pirated or free material on Internet, xvii; and Playboy, xvii, xviii, xxix, 1–23, 49, 95; pornographic magazines before Playboy, 1, 6; and psychology of consumer behavior, 57–58; public relations for, 53–54; racism of, xxx, 88, 121–40; revenue from, 47, 48, 51, 52; and self-regulation, 56; socially responsible image for, 56–57; statistics on, 47, 48, 51; and video game industry, 49–50; women producers in, xxii. See also mainstreaming of porn pornographic magazines. See specific magazines porn performers: African Americans men as, 67, 122, 133, 135–40; African American women as, xv–xvi, 42, 121, 123–24, 126–30; Arab women as, 131; Asian men as, 131–35; Asian women as, 124–26, 131, 134; awards for, 35, 37; body appearance of, 91, 123; dehumanization of, 63–75; Sasha Grey as, ix, 40–41, 54; Max Hardcore as, 45, 70–75, 99, 157–58; Hardcore documentary on, 72; injury and disease risks to, xxvii–xxviii, 35, 38; Jenna Jameson as, ix, 21, 34–40, 123; Latina women as, 131; mainstreaming of, 25, 34–41, 54–55; male fantasy of, as highly sexual and loving rough sex, 35, 37–38, 63–68, 125; men’s difficulty separating girlfriends from, 91–92; of pseudo-child porn (PCP), 147–48, 150–51; recruitment of, 40; salary of, 126; Howard Stern’s in
terviews with, 39, 45, 52, 71, 123; treatment of female performers, 38–39; of Vivid Entertainment, 41–42; women of color as, xv–xvi, 42, 88, 121–31
porn sex: ass-to-mouth sex, xix, 68–69; in black porn, 126–30; boring and predictable nature of, 68–75; “cum swapping” in, xxvi; dehumanization of women in, 63–75; and desensitization to women’s pain, 63, 74–75, 93–94, 159–60; and destruction of intimacy, xviii–xxiii, 68; examples of, xviii–xxi; hookup sex as, 114–19; impact of, on female sexuality, xii–xiii, xxx, 67–68, 91–92, 99–119; impact of, on male sexuality, xi–xii, xiii, xvii–xviii, xxii–xxiii, xxix–xxx, 67–68, 74–98; and interracial porn, 122, 129–30, 135–40; and male power, xxv–xxix; “money shot” in, xxvi–xxvii, 59, 67; multiple penetrations in, xviii, xxv–xxviii, 65–66, 137; and negative, dehumanizing terms referring to women, xxii, xxiv, 64, 75, 121; physical and verbal abuse of female performers in, xxii, xxiv, 64; and puke scenes, xviii, xix, 71, 74, 130; racist stereotypes of, xxx, 88, 121–40; research on content of, xxi–xxii; and sex dolls, 75–78; as sexual assault, xxvii–xxviii, 68–75; socialization for acceptance of, xxix–xxx, 59–78, 86–88, 98; violence of gonzo porn, xi, xiii, xviii–xxiii, 43, 68–75, 88, 93–94, 130; virtual sex, 50; wall-to-wall porn, xxii; Web sites for, xix–xxi. See also anal sex; oral sex; vaginal sex Pornucopia, 52
Portman Clinic (London), 92–93
Private Media Group, 50, 53
pseudo-child porn (PCP): and Barely Legal magazine, 54, 56–57, 143; content of, 145–58; and defilement stories, 147–48; description of, xxx; and Free Speech Coalition, 56, 142–43; images and ideology of, legitimizing sexual desire for children, 158–62; and incest porn, 154–57, 159; law on, 142–43; and loss of virginity, 148–51; older men involved in, 153; and penetrative sexual activity between adult(s) and child(ren), 148–51; and sadism, 152–58; and sexual activity between children or solo masturbation by child, 145–48; and teen girl as babysitter, 153–54; and typology of child pornography, 145–52; and video game industry, 50. See also child porn pubic hair: and Penthouse centerfolds, 13; and Playboy centerfolds, 8, 13; removal of, in pseudo-child porn (PCP), 146; on sex dolls, 76; as sexual turnoff, 91; shaving or waxing of, xii, 91, 99–101. See also female body puke scenes, xviii, xix, 71, 74, 130. See also porn sex Purcell, Natalie J., 160–61
PVExposed (Web site), 53
Quayle, Ethel, 151, 159
racism: and African American men as porn performers, 67, 122, 133, 135–40; and African American women as porn performers, xv–xvi, 42, 121, 123–24, 126–30; and Asian men as porn performers, 131–35; and Asian women as porn performers, 124–26, 131, 134; of blackface minstrel shows, 139; and dehumanization of people of color generally, 65; and Don Imus’s comments on Rutgers University women’s basketball team, 121; justification process for, 140; media images reinforcing, 87, 121–22; in porn, xxx, 88, 121–40; and Stepin Fetchit image, 86–87, 121. See also civil rights movement Radisson hotels, 52
