The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich
Page 201
Scharnhorst, Gen. Gerhard Johann David von, 1028, 1081
Scharnhorst (Ger. battle cruiser), 281, 711, 914
Schaub, Julius, 279, 1113
Schaumburg-Lippe, Prince, 519fn.
Scheidemann, Philipp, 34fn., 51, 52, 57, 60
Scheldt, Hans-Wilhelm, 678
Scheliha, Franz, 1043fn.
Schellenberg, Gen. Walter, 520fn., 653–55, 783–84, 785, 787fn., 788, 789, 791, 991fn., 1066, 1114
Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von, 102
Scheringer, Lieutenant, 139–42
Scheubner-Richter, Max Erwin von, 67, 69, 70–74, 118
Schicklgruber, Alois, 6, 7, 1123
Schicklgruber, Maria Anna, 7
Schiller, Johann Christoph Friedrich von, 97, 243
Schirach, Baidur von, 149, 252–53, 275, 348fn., 1142–43
Schkopau, 282
Schlabrendorff, Fabian von, 373, 374, 380fn., 558, 648, 905, 1014fn., 1019, 1020–21, 1022fn., 1024, 1026, 1029, 1049, 1071–72, 1073/7!., 1074
Schlageten Leo, 967fn.
Schleicher, Gen. Kurt von, 3, 56fn., 137, 150–55, 159–67, 169–70, 172–75, 182, 183, 216; background, 150–52; his chancellorship, 175–82, 229; purge victim, 222, 224, 320, 414
Schleswig, 58, 94, 1134
Schleswig-Holstein, 516
Schlieffen plan, 717
Schmid, Dr. Willi, 223, 224fn.
Schmidt, Gen. Arthur, 931
Schmidt, Charlotte (Frau von Brauchitsch), 319
Schmidt, Dr. Guido, 325, 326fn., 328, 329–30, 344fn.
Schmidt, Hans, 316, 317, 354
Schmidt, Dr. Paul, 293, 301, 408, 409, 436fn., 437, 441fn., 538, 551, 555, 556, 580–82, 606–7, 613–14, 639, 684fn., 686, 688–89, 744, 804, 805, 807, 814, 815, 834, 848–49, 874; on Hitler-Chamberlain negotiations, 385, 386, 392, 394, 395, 397, 398, 399fn., 401, 415, 419, 549; anti-Hitler conspirator, 406; at Hitler-Hácha meeting, 445, 447; at Hitler-Duce meetings, 816, 996, 1055–56; at Hitler-Matsuoka meeting, 876; on Hitler’s declaring war on U.S., 896
Schmidt, Theresa, 14
Schmidt, Willi, 223–24
Schmitt, Dr. Karl, 206, 261
Schmundt, Gen. Rudolf, 357, 360, 378, 484, 485, 1019, 1022, 1054fn.
Schneidhuber, Obergruppenfuehrer, 221, 222
Schniewind, Adm. Otto, 484, 766
Schnitzler, Arthur, 241
Schnitzler, Georg von, 144, 190
Schnurre, Dr. Julius, 476, 481, 495, 500, 501, 505, 506, 513, 525, 667, 668, 839–40
Schobert, Gen. Eugen Ritter von, 355
Schoenaich, General Freiherr von, 32fn.
Schoenerer, Georg Ritter von, 23
Schoenfeld, Dr. Hans, 1017, 1018
Schoerner, Field Marshal Ferdinand, 1113, 1121, 1129
Scholl, Hans, 1022–23
Scholl, Sophie, 1022–23
Schopenhauer, Arthur, 103
Schrader, Col. Werner, 1027
Schreiber, Capt. Richard, 676, 702
Schroeder, Baron Kurt von, 144, 178
Schulenburg, Herr von, 228
Schulenburg, Count Friedrich Werner von der, 376, 476–77, 481–82, 490–94, 496, 500, 501, 505, 513, 514, 520, 521fn., 522–28, 540fn., 621, 627–31, 793, 795, 801, 803, 839, 840–41, 842, 844, 847–49, 876; in anti-Hitler conspiracy, 1033, 1072
Schulenburg, Count Fritz von der, 413, 1047, 1072
Schultze, Capt. Herbert, 636fn.
Schulung, 290, 291
Schultz, Dr. Walther, 74
Schulze-Boysen, Harold, 1043fn.
Schuschnigg, Kurt von, 180, 280, 295–96, 351, 385, 456, 457, 578–79; Anschluss, 323–44, 345fn., 346–52; meets with Hitler, 325–30; appeals to Mussolini, 334–35, 339, 343; resigns, 341; arrested, 352; in concentration camp, 353, 918fn., 1074, 1115
Schuschnigg, Vera (Countess Czernin), 352
Schutzbar, Baroness Margot von, 355
Schutzstaffel, see S.S.
Schwaegermann, Guenther, 1136
Schwaerzel, Helene, 1072
Schwarz, Franz Xavier, 133
Schwerin von Krosigk, Count Lutz, 164, 260, 434, 943, 1107, 1109, 1110, 1126
Science, Education and Popular Culture, Reich Ministry of, 248–49
Scotland.675, 682, 834, 913
S.D. (Sicherheitsdienst, S.S. Security Service), 271, 273–74, 315, 430, 518–19, 520fn., 654, 782fn., 783, 785, 952, 953, 955, 956, 958, 960, 963fn., 965, 991–93, 1060–61, 1063, 1066, 1074–75, 1077
“Sea Lion.” code name for invasion of Britain, 753
Sebekovsky, Doctor, 383
Second Reich, see Germany, Second Reich
Secret Cabinet Council (Geheimer Kabinettsrat), 275, 319fn.
Security Service, see S.D.
Sedan, 718, 723, 724
Seeckt, Gen. Hans von, 34, 55fn., 60, 64–65, 66, 71, 139, 142, 150, 212, 458, 459, 494
Seeds, Sir William, 477fn., 480, 504fn., 534, 535
Seidlitz, Gertrud, 46
Seine river, 1037, 1085, 1086
Seisser, Col. Hans von, 65–72, 75–76
Seldte, Franz, 184
Semmering, 915, 919
Senne, 1102
Serafimovich, 926
Serbia, 824, 841
Serrano Suñer, Ramón, 787, 788, 814
Seven Years’ War, 1108, 1110
Severn river, 763
Sevez, Gen. François, 1139
Seyss-Inquart, Dr. Arthur, 296, 328, 331–33, 337–42, 347, 441, 442, 661, 677, 1126, 1143
SHAEF, 1105, 1106
Shakespeare, William, 243
Shaposhnikov, Gen. Boris M., 504
Shaw, George Bernard, 243, 784
Shawcross, Sir Hartley, 961
Sherwood. Robert E., 877fn.
Shetland Is., 673
Shkvarzev, Alexander, 617
Shulman, Milton, 319fn., 732fn., 757fn.
Siberia, 833, 840, 885, 886, 932
Sibibor, 967
Sicily, 912, 996, 999, 1002fn.
Sidi Barrâni, 817
Sidor, Karol, 440–41
Siegfried Line, 1086, 1089
Siemens, electrical company, 145
Sievers, Wolfram, 980–81, 982
Siewert, Lt. Col. Curt, 591
Silesia, 212, 363, 463, 497, 518, 575, 626, 797, 944, 1096, 1097, 1098
Silex, Karl, 245
Silvertown, Eng., 780
Simon, Sir John, 283, 288, 410, 453, 837
Simović, Gen. Dušan, 823, 826
Simpson, Gen. William H., 1105
Simpson, Mrs., see Windsor, Duchess of
Sinclair, Upton, 241
Singapore, 873, 874, 876, 877, 883, 885, 893
Sirovy, Gen. Jan, 391, 420, 421
Six, Dr. Franz, 782–83
Skagerrak, 695, 702
Skorzeny, Otto, 519, 1003–4, 1066, 1068–69, 1090fn., 1092
Skubl, Doctor, 337, 338
slave labor, 111, 484–85, 497, 940, 946–51, 954, 966, 968, 975, 979, 1034
Slavs, 21, 22, 83, 87, 88, 93, 97, 429–30, 937, 939, 950, 951
Slovakia, 358–59, 421, 429, 437–43, 449, 450–51, 460, 519, 626, 911, 956
Smigly-Rydz, Marshal Edward, 458–59, 583, 601
Smith, Capt. Truman, 46fn.
Smith, Gen. Walter Bedell, 1106, 1138–39
Smolensk, 853, 856, 859, 1006, 1014, 1019, 1022, 1052
Snow, C. P., 784
Social Democrats; Austrian, 18, 22, 42, 325fn., 334, 337fn., 350
Social Democrats, (Socialists), German, 31fn., 32–34, 37, 40, 55 96fn., 126, 129, 137, 138, 153, 155–57, 160, 165, 166, 172, 174, 178–79, 181, 185, 186, 190, 194, 195, 196, 198–99, 201, 210, 231, 237, 1044; proclaim Republic, 52; make deal with Army, 53–55, 60–61; largest party in nation, 55–56, 95, 112, 118; party dissolved, 201
Socialists, Left, 52
Soissons, 1039
Sola airfield, Norway, 702
Sola river, Poland, 971
“Soldiers’ Councils,” 34, 54
Solf. Anna,
1025
Somme river, 30, 727, 728, 732, 737, 738, 759
Sondergericht, see Special Court
Sonderkommando, 970
Song of the Nibelungs (Mell), 102
Sonnenburg, 491
South Africa, 957
Soviet Congress of Germany, 54
Soviet Union, 54, 57, 150, 209, 232, 280, 282, 299, 306, 307, 353, 455, 470, 550fn., 711fn., 752, 771, 783, 822, 827, 829, 843, 1033, 1044, 1070, 1098, 1104, 1116–17; Hitler’s aims toward, 82–84, 299, 383, 426, 464, 669, 774, 785, 795–99, 810–13, 818, 821, 822, 829, 830, 837–47, 849–50, 871, 873–79; France, pact and relations with, 285, 290–91, 295, 354, 389, 390, 392, 404, 427; German–Czech issue, policy on, 285, 346, 354, 361, 362, 364–68, 376, 377, 383, 389, 390, 392, 404, 409; collective security, talks with Britain and France, 353, 460, 479, 489–92, 495–96, 500–4, 506, 521, 523, 525, 531, 533–38, 541, 542, 610; Poland, relations with, 377, 458, 459, 461, 464, 468, 478, 482, 485, 513–16, 521–22, 533–38 (see also invasion of Poland, below); excluded from talks on Czechosl., Poland, 404, 409, 419, 427, 465fn., 466, 478, 481, 489; rapprochement with Germany, talks on trade and Poland, 476–77, 480–82, 489–96, 500–3, 505–7, 508fn., 510–12, 553, 556, 560, 617, 620–22, 626–31, 639–41, 645, 657, 666–70, 674, 687, 695fn., 747, 794–96, 800–5, 808–10, 839–40, 842, 844 (see also Nazi–Soviet Pact); and Baltic States, 495, 501, 502, 515, 521, 534, 539, 541, 542, 544, 630–32, 657, 665–66, 668, 683, 747, 793–94, 797, 801; relations with Japan, 521, 522, 876–77, 878, 886, 890–92, 895; invasion of Poland, 626–32, 641; war against Finland, 665–66, 676, 683, 806; activity in Balkans, 747, 800–3, 805–7, 817, 839, 841; German war against, 847–48, 853–54, 857, 859–63, 870, 880, 886, 901, 910, 1010–11, 1017fn., 1018, 1139; German occupation of, 830–34, 843, 846, 851, 854, 915, 937, 939, 940, 943–44, 947–48, 950, 954, 955, 957, 958, 962–66, 979, 993, 1029, 1139; Italy declares war on, 851; see also Russian Air Force; Russian Army
Spa, Germany, 54, 59, 153, 1092
Spaak, Paul-Henri, 672, 713–14
Spain, 281; civil war, 297–301, 304, 307, 373, 419, 566, 814; and World War II, 529, 642–43, 785–89, 791, 792, 814, 817, 819, 850, 911
Spandau, 1066
Spartacists, 52, 54–55; see also Communists in Germany
Special Court (Sondergericht), 239, 269, 270
Speer, Albert, 947fn., 1087, 1097, 1098, 1103–4, 1111fn., 1117–18, 1126, 1142–43
Speidel, Gen. Hans, 1031–32, 1037, 1038, 1039, 1040, 1041, 1042, 1047, 1075, 1076–77, 1079, 1085fn., 1086, 1088
Spender, Stephen, 784
Spengler, Oswald, 61, 208
Sperrle, Field Marshal Hugo, 325, 755fn., 775
Spiller, Captain, 703, 704
Spital, 7, 8, 9, 14, 23
Spitfires (Br. fighter planes), 736, 775, 776, 913
Sponeck, Gen. Count Hans von, 865–66, 903
Sportpalast, Berlin, 157, 207, 237, 396, 397–98, 407, 415, 643, 779–80
Spree river, 1137
S.S. (Schutzstaffel), Blackshirts, 143–45, 160, 202fn., 205, 255, 263, 269, 276, 301, 348fn., 352, 369, 372, 444, 461–62, 1023, 1055, 1114, 1121, 1122, 1126, 1127, 1129, 1136–37, 1141; organization of, 120–21, 148, 270, 273; control police, 191, 274; conflict with Army, 214, 226, 315, 317, 355, 660, 1024; role in Roehm purge, 215, 220, 222, 224, 226; atrocities, 271, 272, 351, 430, 659–64, 834, 934, 937–38, 947, 953, 965–68, 971, 973–78, 980–81, 983–86, 990, 1029 (see also concentration camps; and see names of individual occupied countries); and anti-Hitler plotters, 374, 670, 1031, 1034, 1035, 1057, 1060–61, 1063–66, 1068, 1073–75, 1077; in Czechoslovakia, 388, 449, 991; Polish border “incident,” 518–19, 595, 599; Venlo incident, 652–55; and Britain occupation plan, 782–85; rescues Mussolini, 1003–4; arrests Goering, 1118
Security Service, see S.D.
Standarte 89, 279
Waffen S.S., 976, 1015, 1121
Waffen S.S. units:
1st S.S. Armored (Panzer) Corps, 1005, 1095fn.
1st S.S. Panzer Div., 1095fn.
Sixth S.S. Panzer Army, 1095fn.
12th S.S. Panzer Div., 1038
Bodyguards (Leibstandarte), 553, 664, 905, 1005, 1040fn., 1049, 1051
Das Reich Div., 993
Panzer Lehr Div., 1038
Staatspartei, see Democratic Party
Stachiewicz, General, 536, 537
Stadelheim prison, Munich, 221, 222fn.
Stahlecker, Franz, 962
Stahlhelm, 154, 157, 191
Stalin, Joseph, 276, 427, 476–80, 496, 513, 514–15, 522, 526, 657, 689, 821, 839, 845, 852fn., 855, 939, 1029; German pact, trade negotiations, 526–28, 531, 535fn., 540, 538–44, 549, 562, 630–32, 665, 667–70, 799, 800, 803, 804fn., 805, 809–10, 839–44; warned by West of German attack, 544fn., 796, 843; invasion of Poland, 628–32; operations in Baltic and Balkan states, 665, 793–95, 797; suspicious of British, 835, 837–38; takes over as Prime Min., 841; signs neutrality pact with Japan, 876; war leadership, 909, 917, 995, 996, 1033, 1097; and German peace offers, 1011, 1012, 1017fn., 1033, 1135
Stalingrad, 830, 857, 859, 861, 865, 909, 911, 914–19, 922, 924, 925–34, 975, 996, 1006, 1014–15, 1022, 1029, 1125
Stark, Johannes, 250
Statistical Year Book, 257
Stauffenberg, Count Berthold von, 1047, 1048, 1072
Stauffenberg, Lt. Col. Klaus Philip Schenk, Count von, 1027–31, 1033–36, 1042–55, 1057–61, 1064–65, 1067–71, 1072, 1075
Stauffenberg, Countess Nina von, 1029
Stauning, Thorvald, 698
Stavanger, 677, 681, 696, 702, 707, 721
Stavelot, 1092
Stefanie, 15
Stein, Lt. Walter, 662fn.
Steiner, Gen. Felix, 1112–13, 1120
Steinhardt, Laurence, 521fn., 544fn., 843
Stempfle, Father Bernhard. 85, 133, 223
Sternberg, 43
Stevens, Maj. R. H., 653–55, 692
Steyr, 11, 14
Stieff, Gen. Hemuth, 1020, 1026, 1030, 1049, 1070–71, 1075
Stockholm, 695, 843, 1017, 1024, 1026, 1122
Stockmar, Baron Christian Friedrich von, 373
Stohrer, Eberhard von, 785–86
storm troopers, see S.A.
Storting (Norw. Parliament), 703
Stotzingen, Baroness, 222
Strang, William, 391, 495–96, 503fn., 523, 533
Strasbourg, 983
Strasbourg, University of, 980–83
Strasser, Gregor, 118, 122–29, 132, 143, 144, 146–49, 152, 154–55, 157, 159, 167, 171, 173, 174, 176–78, 180, 216, 222, 224, 691
Strasser, Otto, 123, 126, 127, 147, 224
Strauss, Gen. Adolf, 762
Strauss, Richard, 242
Streck, Major, 74
Streicher, Julius, 26, 44–45, 50, 73–74, 106, 118, 253, 1142–43
“Strength through Joy” (Kraft durch Freude) movement, 254, 265–66
Stresa Conference, 285, 288, 289, 296
Stresemann, Gustav, 56, 64, 66, 112, 136, 201, 212
Stroelin, Dr. Karl, 1031, 1032
Strones, 7
Stroop, Juergen, 975–78
Stuckart, Dr. Wilhelm, 347
Studie England (naval invasion plan), 759
Stuelpnagel, Gen. Karl Heinrich von, 378, 379, 591, 644, 957, 1031, 1032, 1047, 1059, 1060, 1074–77
Stuka (Ger. plane), 720, 723, 725, 776