by Joe Nickell
Polidoro, Massimo. 2001. Final Séance: The Strange Friendship between Houdini and Conan Doyle. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
CHAPTER 38. PHOTOGHOSTS
Coe, Brian. 1989. The Birth of Photography: The Story of the Formative Years, 1800–1900. London: Spring Books.
Fairley, John, and Simon Welfare. 1987. Arthur C. Clarke's Chronicles of the Strange and Mysterious. London: Collins.
Flynn, Thomas. 2008. Interview by author, February 29.
Guiley, Rosemary Ellen. 2000. The Encyclopedia of Ghosts and Spirits. 2nd ed. New York: Checkmark Books.
Nickell, Joe. 1994. Camera Clues: A Handbook for Photographic Investigation. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
———. 1996. “Ghostly Photos.” Skeptical Inquirer 20, no. 4 (July/August): 13–14.
———. 2001. Real-Life X-Files: Investigating the Paranormal. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
———. 2004. “Hampton Court Photo: Ghost or Guest?” Skeptical Inquirer 28, no. 2 (March/April): 13.
Randi, James. 1982. Flim Flam: Psychics, ESP, Unicorns, and Other Delusions. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
Willin, Melvyn. 2007. Ghosts Caught on Film: Photographs of the Paranormal. Cincinnati, OH: F & W.
CHAPTER 39. GHOSTLY EXPERIENCES
Baker, Robert A., and Joe Nickell. 1992. Missing Pieces: How to Investigate Ghosts, UFOs, Psychics, and Other Mysteries. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
Christopher, Milbourne. 1970. ESP, Seers, Psychics: What the Occult Really Is. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell.
Granqvist, Pehr, et al. 2004. “Sensed Presence and Mystical Experiences Are Predicted by Suggestibility, Not by the Application of Transcranial Weak Complex Magnetic Fields.” Neuroscience Letters 379, no. 1 (April 29): 1–6.
Houran, James, and Rense Lange, eds. 2001. Hauntings and Poltergeists: Multidisciplinary Perspectives. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
Khamsi, Roxanne. 2004. “Electrical Brainstorms Busted as Source of Ghosts.” Nature. http://www.nature.com/news/2004/041206/full/news041206-10.html (accessed February 28, 2012).
Nickell, Joe. 2001. “Phantoms, Frauds, or Fantasies?” In Hauntings and Poltergeists: Multidisciplinary Perspectives, edited by James Houran and Rense Lange. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, pp. 214–23.
Randi, James. 1985. “The Columbus Poltergeist Case.” Skeptical Inquirer 9, no. 3 (Spring): 221–35.
———. 1995. An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural. New York: St. Martin's Griffin.
Roll, William G., and Michael A. Persinger. 2001. “Investigations of Poltergeists and Haunts: A Review and Interpretation.” In Houran and Lange 2001, pp. 123–63 (above).
Shermer, Michael. 1999. “A Skeptic in the Trenches.” Skeptic 7, no. 3 (September): 11–12.
CHAPTER 40. GHOST HUNTING'S OTHER SIDE
Coffey, Chip. 2008. “Smears, Lies & Videotape.” Psychic/Medium Chip Coffey's Blog. http://www.myspace.com/chipcoffey/blog (accessed July 21, 2011).
“Crescent Hotel Analysis.” 2011. Ultimate TechLinks. http://www.ultimatetechlinks.com/CrescentHotelAnalysis.html (accessed January 4, 2011).
Dai, Serena. 2011. “Chip Coffey: Sixth Sense, Showbiz, or Both?” Miami Herald, April 23, 2011. http://www.miamiherald.com/2011/04/23/2182489/chip-coffey-sixth-sense-showbiz.html (accessed April 26, 2011).
Hauck, Dennis William. 1996. Haunted Places: The National Directory. New York: Penguin.
Lytle, Steve. 2010. “Man Killed while Waiting for ‘Ghost Train.’” Charlotte Observer, August 27.
“Paranormal State.” 2011. Wikipedia. http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paranormal_State (accessed July 21, 2011).
Robinson, Kirby. 2008. Letter in posting, “Paranormal State” 2011 (above).
Ryan, Kelli. 2008. Quoted in Robinson 2008 (above).
Ryan, Kelly. 2008. “Paranormal State—Caught Faking Entire Show.” Ghost Theory. http://www.ghosttheory.com/2008/11/04/paranormal-state-caught-faking-entire-show (accessed July 18, 2011).
Thompson, Stith. 1955. Motif-Index of Folk Literature. Rev. ed. 6 vols. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
CHAPTER 41. GHOSTLY ENDEAVOR
Musick, Ruth Ann. 1977. Coffin Hollow and Other Ghost Tales. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
Nardini, Bob. 2004. “Two Days in Knoxville in the Year of the University Press.” Baker & Taylor YBP Library Services. http://www.ybp.com/acad/features/1204_up.html (accessed December 17, 2010).
Nickell, Joe. 2001. Real-Life X-Files: Investigating the Paranormal. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
———. 2004. The Mystery Chronicles: More Real-Life X-Files. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
———. 2006. “Ghost Hunters.” Skeptical Inquirer 30, no. 5 (September/October): 23–26.
———. 2007. Adventures in Paranormal Investigation. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
———. 2009. “Response to ‘Kentucky Ghosts for All Seasons’” [manuscript title of Simpson Brown and Brown 2010, below]. Report to University Press of Kentucky, June 24.
Patterson, D. H. 2010. “Review of Spookiest Stories Ever: Four Seasons of Kentucky Ghosts.” Amazon.com. http://www.amazon.com/Spookiest-Stories-Ever-Seasons-Kentucky/product-reviews/0813125952/ref=dp_top_cm_cr_acr_txt?ie=UTF8&showViewpoints=1 (accessed December 20, 2010).
Simpson Brown, Roberta. 2009. “Roberta's Bio.” Roberta Simpson Brown. http://www.robertasimpsonbrown.com/node/10 (accessed June 15, 2009).
Simpson Brown, Roberta, and Lonnie E. Brown. 2010. Spookiest Stories Ever: Four Seasons of Kentucky Ghosts. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
Tucker, Elizabeth. 2010. Foreword in Brown and Brown 2010, pp. ix–xiii (above).
University Press of Kentucky. 2010. “Ghosts Aren't Just for Halloween” (press release), August 20.
Wilson, Sheryl C., and Theodore X. Barber. 1983. “The Fantasy-Prone Personality: Implications for Understanding Imagery, Hypnosis, and Parapsychological Phenomena.” In Imagery, Current Theory, Research and Application, edited by Anees A. Sheikh. New York: Wiley, pp. 340–90.
CHAPTER 42. CATCHING GHOSTS
Baker, Robert A., and Joe Nickell. 1992. Missing Pieces: How to Investigate Ghosts, UFOs, Psychics, and Other Mysteries. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
Christopher, Milbourne. 1970. ESP, Seers, and Psychics. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell.
Lange, Rense, et al. 1996. “Contextual Mediation of Perceptions in Hauntings and Poltergeist-Like Experiences.” Perceptual and Motor Skills 82, no. 3 (June): 755–62.
Nickell, Joe. 1995. Entities: Angels, Spirits, Demons, and Other Alien Beings. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
———. 2001. Real-Life X-Files: Investigating the Paranormal. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
Randi, James. 1985. “The Columbus Poltergeist Case.” Skeptical Inquirer 9, no. 3 (Spring): 221–35.
Wiseman, Richard, and R. L. Morris. 1995. “Recalling Pseudo-psychic Demonstrations.” British Journal of Psychology 86, no. 1 (February): 113–25.
Woodyard, Chris. 2000. Ghost Hunter's Guide to Haunted Ohio. Dayton, OH: Kestrel, pp. 22–30.
CHAPTER 43. POLTERGEIST ATTACKS!
Baker, Robert A., and Joe Nickell. 1992. Missing Pieces: How to Investigate Ghosts, UFOs, Psychics, and Other Mysteries. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
Brittle, Gerald. (1980.) 1991. The Demonologist: The True Story of Ed and Lorraine Warren, the World-Famous Exorcism Team. Reprint, New York: St. Martin's, pp. 219–37.
Christopher, Milbourne. 1970. ESP, Seers, and Psychics. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell.
———. 1984–1985. Interview by Michael Dennett. Skeptical Inquirer 9, no. 2 (Winter): 159–65.
Clark, Jerome. 1981. “Update…” Fate, July, p. 94.
Houran, James, and Rense Lange. 1996. “Hauntings and Poltergeist-Like Episodes as a Confluence of Conventional Phenomena: A General Hypothesis.” Perceptual and Motor Skills 83, no. 3 (December): 1307–16.
&n
bsp; Kurtz, Paul. 1986–1987. “A Case Study of the West Pittston ‘Haunted’ House.” Skeptical Inquirer 11, no. 2 (Winter): 137–38, 146.
Lowance, Mason I. 1974. Increase Mather. New York: Twayne.
Nickell, Joe. 1995. Entities: Angels, Spirits, Demons, and Other Alien Beings. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
Quinn, Arthur Hobson et al., eds. 1938. The Literature of America. Vol. 1. New York: Scribner, 38–43.
Randi, James. 1985. “The Columbus Poltergeist Case.” Skeptical Inquirer 9, no. 3 (Spring): 221–35.
———. 1995. The Supernatural A–Z: The Truth and the Lies. London: Brockhampton.
Roll, William. 1972. The Poltergeist. Garden City, NY: Nelson Doubleday.
Salem. 1860. In Historical Collections of the Essex Institute. Vol. 2. Salem: Henry Whipple & Son.
CHAPTER 44. RAMPAGING MIND
Christopher, Milbourne. 1970. ESP, Seers, and Psychics: What the Occult Really Is. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell.
Guiley, Rosemary Ellen. 2000. The Encyclopedia of Ghosts and Spirits. 2nd ed. New York: Checkmark Books.
Houran, James, and Rense Lange. 2001. Hauntings and Poltergeists: Multidisciplinary Perspectives. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
“Poltergeist Phenomenon.” N.d. Unidentified, undated short article from a publication reporting on Nassau County police cases, accompanying police file (see Tozzi 1958, below).
Pratt, J. Gaither. 1964. Parapsychology: An Insider's View of ESP. London: W. H. Allen.
Pratt, J. G., and W. G. Roll. 1958. “The Seaford Disturbances.” Journal of Parapsychology 22:79–124.
Roll, William G., and Michael A. Persinger. 2001. “Investigations of Poltergeists and Haunts: A Review and Interpretation.” In Houran and Lange 2001, pp. 123–63 (above).
Tozzi, Joseph. 1958. Detective Division Report No. 242-7-1958 (and supplements), Nassau County, NY, Police Department, February 11 and February 14–March 26, with some accompanying clippings and letters. (In the quotations from this source, misspellings and grammatical errors have been corrected.)
AFTERWORD
Baker, Robert A. 1995. Afterword in Nickell 1995, pp. 275–85 (below).
Finucane, R. C. 1984. Appearances of the Dead: A Cultural History of Ghosts. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
Nickell, Joe. 1995. Entities: Angels, Spirits, Demons, and Other Alien Beings. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
APPENDIX: THE HAUNTED MIND
Alcock, James E. 1996. Déjà vu. In Stein 1996, pp. 215–22 (below).
Baker, Robert A. 1990a. They Call It Hypnosis. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
———. 1990b. Hidden Memories: Voices and Visions from Within. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
Baker, Robert A., and Joe Nickell. 1992. Missing Pieces: How to Investigate Ghosts, UFOs, Psychics, and Other Mysteries. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
Beveridge, W. I. B. N.d. The Art of Scientific Investigation. New York: Vintage.
Beyerstein, Barry. 1988. “Neuropathology and the Legacy of Spiritual Possession.” Skeptical Inquirer 12, no. 3 (Spring): 248–62.
Blackmore, Susan. 1991. “Near-Death Experiences: In or Out of the Body?” Skeptical Inquirer 16, no. 1 (Autumn): 34–45.
Christopher, Milbourne. 1970. ESP, Seers, and Psychics. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell.
DeAngelis, Perry. 1999. “Mother Mary Come to Me.” New England Journal of Skepticism 2, no. 4 (Autumn): 1, 13–15.
Falk, Ruma. 1981–1982. “On Coincidences.” Skeptical Inquirer 6, no. 2 (Winter): 24–25.
Goldenson, Robert M. 1970. The Encyclopedia of Human Behavior. 2 vols. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
Gould, Rupert T. 1976. The Loch Ness Monster and Others. Secaucus, NJ: Citadel.
Guiley, Rosemary Ellen. 1991. Encyclopedia of the Strange, Mystical, and Unexplained. New York: Gramercy Books.
Haraldsson, E. 1988. “Survey of Claimed Encounters with the Dead.” Omega: Journal of Death and Dying 19, no. 2: 103–13.
Houran, James, and Rense Lange, eds. 2001. Hauntings and Poltergeists: Multidisciplinary Perspectives. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
Hyman, Ray. 1996. “Evaluation of the Military's Twenty-Year Program on Psychic Spying.” Skeptical Inquirer 20, no. 2 (March/April): 21–26.
Jung, C. G. 1960. “Synchronicity: An Acausal Connecting Principle.” In The Collected Works of C. G. Jung, edited by Sir Herbert Read et al. Bollingen Series, no. 20. New York: Pantheon, pp. 418–519.
Lange, Rense, et al. 1996. “Contextual Mediation of Perceptions in Hauntings and Poltergeist-Like Experiences.” Perceptual and Motor Skills 82, no. 3 (June): 755–62.
Loftus, Elizabeth. 1980. Memories Are Made of This: New Insights into the Workings of Human Memory. Reading MA: Addison-Wesley.
Mackenzie, A. 1982. Hauntings and Apparitions. London: Heinemann.
Nickell, Joe. 1998. Secrets of the Supernatural. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
———. 1995. Entities: Angels, Spirits, Demons, and Other Alien Beings. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
———. 2001. “Phantoms, Frauds, or Fantasies?” In Houran and Lange 2001, pp. 214–23 (above).
———. 2004. The Mystery Chronicles: More Real-Life X-Files. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
———. 2007. Adventures in Paranormal Investigation. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
Novella, Robert. 2001. “Believing Is Seeing.” New England Journal of Skepticism 4, no. 1 (Winter): 1, 16–17.
Randi, James. 1995. The Supernatural A–Z: The Truth and the Lies. London: Brockhampton.
Stein, Gordon, ed. 1996. The Encyclopedia of the Paranormal. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
Tyrrell, G. N. M. 1973. Apparitions. London: Society for Psychical Research.
Wilson, Sheryl C., and Theodore X. Barber. 1983. “The Fantasy-Prone Personality: Implications for Understanding Imagery, Hypnosis, and Parapsychological Phenomena.” In Imagery, Current Theory, Research and Application, edited by Anees A. Sheikh. New York: Wiley, pp. 340–90.
Wortman, Camille B., and Elizabeth F. Loftus. 1981. Psychology. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Note: Italicized page numbers indicate images.
acoustics, 292–93
Adams, Joshua, 101
“Adventure of the Sussex Vampire, The” (Doyle), 343
Alaskan Hotel, 101–105, 102
Alcatraz, 139, 141–46, 141
Alice in Wonderland (Carroll), 157
alien abductions, 247, 249
aliens, extraterrestrial, 19, 105
All Fool's Eve, 185
Allison, Dorothy, 247
Altemus, Kathy, 284
altered state of consciousness, 109
defined, 345
Amatuzio, Janis, 235–39, 236
American Ghost Society, 314
American Society for Psychical Research, 266
Amityville 4 (movie), 23
Amityville Horror, The (movie), 281, 293. See also Amityville Horror House
Amityville Horror House, 293
Anderson Cooper 360 (TV show), 254
“anecdotal evidence,” 20, 350. See also evidence
Angel House, 152–54, 153
angels, 11, 18, 19
Anglin, Clarence, 142
Anglin, John, 142
animals, spirit, 95–97
“anomalies,” 149. See also ghost hunting
apparitions, 18, 29–30, 39, 61, 91, 104, 109–10, 159–60, 165, 167, 247, 279–80, 303, 309, 314
apparitional experience defined, 345
Appearances of the Dead (Finucane), 17, 178, 343
apports, 218
arguing from ignorance, 132, 269, 313, 316
Art of Scientific Investigation, The (Beveridge), 354
Asimov, Isaac, 263
Athenodorus, 17
Atlanta House of Blood. See “House of Blood” mystery.
Auerbach, Lloyd, 266
aura, 25, 26
Austin, B. F., 203
automatic writing, 203–208, 262
. See also spirit writing
Baker, Robert A., 12, 46, 6l, 105, 228, 266, 294, 322–23, 330–31, 343, 349
Bangs Sisters, 294. See also spirit painting
Banquo's ghost (Macbeth), 159, 178
Barber, Theodore X., 247
Bartlett, Patricia, 219–21, 220, 221
Battery Point Lighthouse, 111
Baxter, Richard, 19
Bayreuth Castle, 172
Bechburg, Castle, 53–55, 53
Belanger, Jeff, 81
Belhurst Castle, 93
Bettye Adams, 101
Beveridge, W. I. B., 354
Bierce, Ambrose, 263
Big Bay Point Lighthouse, 107, 109
billet reading, 218
Billy the Kid, 80
Binga, Timothy, 9, 43, 63, 64, 185, 186, 203, 203
bin Laden, Osama, 225, 226
Bird Cage Theatre, 160–62 167
“Birdman” of Alcatraz. See Stroud, Robert
Blackbeard, 125–26
Blackmore, Susan, 45, 266
Black Shuck, 97
blood-pattern analysis, 291–92, 291
Blum, Deborah, 21, 195–99
Booth, John Wilkes, 80
Borley Rectory, 262, 271
Bostian Bridge, 311
Bowers, Joe, 143
Boyer, Tina Resch. See Resch, Tina
Brady Diamond Jim, 160
brain function, 316
Broeke, Robbert van den, 50
Brookdale Lodge, 250–52, 251
Brown, Kenzil Dalzell, 249–50
Brown, Lonnie E., 313
Brown, Roberta Simpson, 313–17
Brown, Rosemary, 264
Brown(e), Sylvia, 145, 241, 247, 249–55
criminal conviction of, 249–52
fantasy proneness, 254
plagiarism and, 252–53
as psychic sleuth, 253–54
Brunvand, Jan Harold, 69–72, 175
Buddhism, 41
Buell, Ryan, 311
Bunker, Judith, 292
burden of proof, 12
Burg, Ginger, 217
burial, premature, 49–57
alarm regarding, 57
Burr, Aaron, 110
Burr, Theodosia, 10
Calandrillo, Deborah, 227
Calandrillo, Joe, 227
camera malfunctions, 314
camera-strap effect, 128–29, 129, 227, 246, 272, 301. See also photographs, ghostly
