by Dawn Paley
protests: Guatemala, 101, 177; Honduras, 201, 204; Mexico, 133–34, 154, 155, 159, 160, 167. See also marches
Prudential Financial, 162
public opinion, Mexican, 26
Puebla, Mexico, 117
Purépecha people, 166–67
Putumayo, Colombia, 47–48, 70, 76, 77
Q
Quattro Exploration and Production, 183
queer people, violence against. See LGBTI people, violence against
Querétaro, Mexico, 94
Quintana, Victor, 113
R
racialization of drug war, 41
Rafael, Vicente L., 85
Ramírez, Trinidad, 166
Ramírez Cuellar, Francisco, 64–65, 66, 69, 222
RAND Corporation, 87, 116
rape, 161, 163, 187
Raudales Varela, Marta de Jesús, 206
Reagan, Ronald, 41, 116, 197
real estate business, 16, 162, 163
Recetor, Colombia, 54–55
refugees, internal. See internally displaced people (IDPs)
Regional Coordinator of Community Authorities (CRAC) (Guerrero, Mexico), 137
Regional Training Command for Peacekeeping Operations (Guatemala). See CREOMPAZ
remittances from United States, 210
resistance and self-defense groups. See self-defense and resistance groups
resistance to construction projects, 171, 175, 177, 214
resistance to extractive industries, 154–60 passim, 166, 176, 177, 212
resource extraction. See extractive industries
retail industry, 16, 89
Reuter, Peter, 48
Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia. See Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC)
Reyes Beltran, Maria Antonia, 11–12, 13
Reyes Salazar, Saul, 153–54
Reynosa, Mexico, 127, 130, 131, 144, 152
rich people, 73, 163, 202–4 passim
right of association. See freedom of association
Rios Montt, Efraín, 172–73
Rivas, Yoni, 215–16
Rivera, Diego, 257n2
Roa, Fernando, 14–15
Robinson, William I., 24–25, 33–34, 119, 147, 197, 199
Rodríguez, I., 221–22
Rodríguez Sánchez, Mauricio, 172
Roman Catholic Church. See Catholic Church
Román Morales, Luis Ignacio, 96
Romano, Silvina María, 38
Romillo, M., 221–22
Russell, Bertrand, 9
S
Salazar, Gustavo, 28
Salguero, Otto, 20, 180
Salinas de Gortari, Carlos, 22, 120, 131
Samayoa, Claudia, 176–77, 180
San Agustín, Mexico, 162
sanctions, 61
San Luis Potosi, Mexico, 8, 117, 153
San Miguel de Aquila, Mexico, 161
San Pedro Sula, Honduras, 193, 196, 202, 209, 210
Santo Domingo, Colombia, 11–15
Santos, Juan Manuel, 58, 187, 191, 221, 237n14
scandals, 58–59, 106–7, 163
School of the Americas, 173
Scott, Peter Dale, 50
security guards, 175, 176, 186, 215–16
self-defense and resistance groups: Colombia, 55, 61, 65–67 passim, 70, 79; Mexico, 136, 161, 166–68
Los Señores del Narco (Hernández). See Narcoland (Hernández)
September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, 55, 75, 127
shale oil, 99, 153, 220
The Shock Doctrine (Klein), 21
Sicilia, Javier, 17, 139–40
Sicilia Ortega, Juan Francisco, 139
Serra del Lacandón National Park. See Lacandón National Park, Guatemala
Silva, Gloria, 72
silver, 24, 101, 135, 154, 156
Simons, Geoffrey Leslie: Colombia: A Brutal History, 62–63
Sinaloa, Mexico, 26, 32, 46, 47, 147
Sinaloa Cartel, 28, 107, 119–21 passim, 133, 145, 162
Skye Resource, 175
Slim, Carlos, 107, 163
small business, 142–47, 200
Smith, Kline & French, 46
smugglers and smuggling, 47–49 passim
Solano, Luis, 173
Solís, Siria Letitia, 157
Solís Bustamante, Martin, 154, 155
Solís Contreras, Manuela, 154–58 passim
Solorio Urrutia, Ismael, 154–58 passim
Solway Investment Group, 175
Sonora, Mexico, 101
Sony, 23
Sota Mirafuentes, Alejandra, 131–32
Spain, 40, 44, 116, 169
special forces, Mexican. See GAFEs
spraying of crops (drug interdiction). See crop eradication (drug interdiction)
Standard Oil, 74
State Department, US. See US Department of State
Stokes, Doug, 19
Stratfor, 36, 233n71
Suasnávar, José Samuel, 171–72
Suazo, Miguel Enrique, 215
Suazo Córdova, Roberto, 197
subsidies, 101, 106, 155, 164
sugar and sugarcane, 44, 164, 171, 181
T
Tabasco, Mexico, 145, 148, 151, 177
Tamaulipas, Mexico, 4, 83, 131, 142–53 passim; city hall bombings, 83; corruption, 120, 232n50, 248n106; displacement of farmers, 163–64; militarization, 8, 118, 127; oil deposits, 153. See also Nuevo Laredo, Mexico; Reynosa, Mexico
taxation, 186, 204; Britain, 44; Honduras, 200, 204; Mexico, 86, 93, 95, 100–102 passim
teachers, Mexican, 94, 201
Técu Osorio, Jesús, 170, 171
Tecun Uman (Guatemala), 191
Tegucigalpa, Honduras, 195, 202–11 passim
Televisa, 107, 248n10
Tepalcatepec, Mexico, 165
Ternium, 161
Texaco, 48, 74
Texas, 128, 153
Texas-Mexico border, 109–14 passim, 127, 128
theft of coal and iron ore, 160
Tijuana, Mexico, 28, 29, 130
Time, 97
tobacco, 43–44
Torres Rivas, Edelberto, 196
torture, 65, 66, 105, 116, 122, 151, 172, 198, 204
tourism, 179, 183, 199
tourists, kidnap and rape of, 163
trafficking in humans. See human trafficking
trains, migrants use of, 149–50
transgender, bisexual, and gay people, violence against. See LGBTI people, violence against
transnational and multinational corporations. See multinational and transnational corporations
Trans-Pacific Partnership, 90
Treviño-Morales, Miguel, 49
trials, genocide, 172–73
Twitter, 233n66
U
UDEFEGUA, 176
Undoing Border Imperialism (Walia), 128–29
unions, 64, 65, 69, 74–75, 152
United Fruit Company, 196, 257n2
United Kingdom. See Great Britain
United Nations, 42, 177, 211
United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia. See Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia (AUC)
Uribe, Álvaro, 58, 59, 61, 73–74, 77, 78, 173
Uribe, María Victoria, 63
Uribe Chacon, Alejandro, 68
Uruguay, 42
USAID, 73, 89–93 passim, 103–4, 196, 199
US aid: to Colombia, 15, 56–57, 58, 62, 76, 87, 89, 140; to El Salvador, 197; to Haiti, 89; to Honduras, 194–200 passim, 217; to Mexico, 2, 86–87, 89, 115–17. See also Mérida Initiative; Plan Colombia
US Air Force, 258n14
US Army Special Forces, 19, 75
US Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF), 120, 128
US-Colombia Action Plan on Regional Security Cooperation, 80
US-Colombia free trade agreement, 59, 79–80
US Customs and Border Protection, 50, 128
US Department of Defense, 87, 89, 116, 186, 188, 194. See also Western Hemisph
ere Defense Policy Statement
US Department of Homeland Security, 89, 115, 127
US Department of State, 48, 71–72, 80, 84, 91, 104, 198, 217
US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), 37–42 passim, 47, 115, 120, 144, 189, 212
US-Guatemala relations, 184–92 passim
US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), 128
US imports, 90, 95, 106, 199–200
US Marines, 27, 184–90 passim, 195
US-Mexico border and region, 4, 23, 34, 99, 126–29, 220; crossings, 106, 145, 162. See also Texas-Mexico border
US military, 27, 57, 75; bases, 27, 78, 208, 217. See also US Air Force; US Army Special Forces; US Marines; US Navy; US Northern Command; US Southern Command; US Special Operations Command
US Navy, 186, 188, 189
US Northern Command, 50, 188
US Prohibition. See Prohibition (1920–33)
US Southern Command, 50, 80, 185, 188, 217
US Special Operations Command, 216
US training of Latin American police and military, 115–17, 144, 188–89, 196, 253–54n11
V
Váldez Jimenez, Dante, 132–34 passim
Valencia, Guillermo, 165
Valle de Juárez. See Juárez Valley
Vallejo, Fausto, 165
Vancouver, British Columbia, 42
Vásquez, Bernardo, 158–59
Veloza García, Éver, 67
Venezuela, 27, 100, 101, 105, 202
Veracruz, Mexico, 118, 126, 145, 148, 149–50
Vianovo, 97–98
Videgaray, Luis, 95
Vietnam, 40, 90, 188
Villeda Morales, Ramón, 196
violence against LGBTI people. See LGBTI people, violence against
violence against women. See femicide; rape
Viviescas, Nikolai, 70
W
Walia, Harsha: Undoing Border Imperialism, 128–29
Walker, William O., III, 56
Wallerstein, Immanuel, 220–21
Walmart, 16, 107
“war on drugs” (term), 29–30, 39, 43
Washington, D. C., black incarceration rate in, 41
waste disposal, 153–54
Watt, Peter, 47, 49
Weissman, Deborah M., 104–5
Western Hemisphere Defense Policy Statement, 184
Wikileaks, 115, 144, 233n71
Wildlife Conservation Society, 183
Wolf, Greg, 186
women, killing of. See femicide
Women’s Coordinating Network (RMM) (Mexico), 112
World Bank, 104, 115, 171, 199, 200
Wright, Melissa, 113
Y
Yarrington Ruvalcaba, Tomás, 248n106
Ydígoras Fuentes, José Miguel, 187
Z
Z-40. See Treviño-Morales, Miguel
Zacatecas, Mexico, 101
Zambada García, Ismael (“El Mayo”) 121, 134
Zapata’s Revenge (Barry), 22
Zapatistas, 25, 144
Zaragoza, Ignacio, 117
Zavala, Daniel, 13
Zelaya Rosales, Manuel, 201–5 passim
Zepeda, Roberto, 49; Drug War Mexico, 47
Zetas (paramilitary group), 17, 20, 28, 31, 49, 120, 143–52 passim, 232n50; coal theft, 160; Guatemala, 28, 180–81, 190, 191, 232n49; Kaibiles in, 120; origin, 120, 144; use of abandoned farmland, 164
Zibechi, Raúl, 18
Drug War Capitalism
© 2014 Dawn Paley
Foreword © 2014 Guadalupe Correa-Cabrera
This edition © 2014 AK Press (Oakland, Edinburgh, Baltimore).
ISBN: 978-1-84935-193-5 | eBook ISBN: 978-1-84935-188-1
Library of Congress Control Number: 2014940826
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Printed in the USA on acid-free paper
Table of Contents
Dedication
Foreword
Chapter 1: Drug War Capitalism
Chapter 2: Defining The Drug War
Chapter 3: A Look South To Colombia
Chapter 4: Mexico’s Drug War Reforms
Chapter 5: Plan Mexico And Militarization
Chapter 6: Mexico, Paramilitarization & The Drug War
Chapter 7: Drug War Capitalism In Guatemala
Chapter 8: Drug War Capitalism In Honduras
Conclusion: Thinking Through Peace In Wartime
Acknowledgments
Notes
Index
Copyright
Table of Contents
Dedication
Foreword
Chapter 1: Drug War Capitalism
Chapter 2: Defining The Drug War
Chapter 3: A Look South To Colombia
Chapter 4: Mexico’s Drug War Reforms
Chapter 5: Plan Mexico And Militarization
Chapter 6: Mexico, Paramilitarization & The Drug War
Chapter 7: Drug War Capitalism In Guatemala
Chapter 8: Drug War Capitalism In Honduras
Conclusion: Thinking Through Peace In Wartime
Acknowledgments
Notes
Index
Copyright
