by Anne Nelson
Baur, André, 82, 88, 94, 119, 136, 140–41, 175, 223n
BBC, 56–57, 169
BCRA (Bureau Central de Reseignements et d’Action—Central Bureau of Intelligence and Action), 186, 186n
Beaune-la-Rolande (internment camp), 31, 61, 98, 105
Béchard, Fernand, 142–43, 197
Béchard, Odette, xv, 142–43, 153, 154n, 157–58, 159, 197
Belgium, xiii, 1–2, 4, 9, 16–18, 22, 111, 192, 232
Resistance in, 195, 196
Paul-Henri Spaak and, xiii, 2, 4, 5, 6, 16–17, 189, 201, 232, 233, 242
Berg, Willy, 183–84
Bergen-Belsen (concentration camp), 255, 282n4
Berr, Antoinette, xv, 78, 159, 255
Berr, Denise, xv, 86, 154
Berr, Hélène, xv, 77–79, 86, 95, 142, 143, 153, 159, 221, 255
Jewish children’s rescue and, 108, 137–38, 154, 154n
Berr, Raymond, xv, 77–79, 86, 118, 143, 255
Blum, Léon, 6, 12, 25, 43, 61, 111, 267n20
Blum, René, 61, 267n20
Bonhoeffer, Dietrich, 211
Boruchowicz, Armand, xv, 137, 152
Boruchowicz, Simone, xv, 137
Bot, Salek, 63
Bourgeois, Guillaume, 211
Bourg-la-Reine, France, 188–92, 194, 211
Bousquet, René, 83
Breendonk prison, Belgium, 70–73
Breker, Arno, 42–43
Brinon, Fernand de, 84, 273n12
Brinon, Lisette de, 84, 273n12
Browning, Christopher, 61
Bruller, Jean, 213–14
Brunner, Alois, xvi, 221, 222, 224, 252
Brussels, 1, 5, 8, 17, 24, 181–82, 195, 196n, 230
Gestapo in, 196, 196n
Spaaks hiding in (1943), 195–96
Trepper’s network, 70, 73, 75, 131, 132
Bruston, Éliane, 163, 173
Bruston, Jacques, xv, 143, 167, 172, 174, 254
Buchenwald (concentration camp), 174, 206, 223, 254, 267n20, 282n4
Cahen, Thérèse, 138, 279n9
Camplan, Marguerite “Peggy,” 146–51, 153, 159, 192, 213–15, 244–45, 255, 256, 279n11
Carcassonne, France, 18, 20
Cardon family, 162–63
Catala sisters, 36, 91, 92, 93, 94, 99
Catholic Church, 100, 101–3, 124
children’s rescue and, 244
Suzanne and, 99–100
Ceux de la Libération/Resistance, 168n
CGQJ (Commissariat général aux questions juives—General Commissariat for Jewish Affairs), 38, 38n, 82, 222, 226
Chefneux, Simone, 149
Chertok, Léon, xiv, 35–36, 55, 91, 92, 93, 99, 121, 126, 142, 225, 247, 255
Debré as ally of, 98, 160
escape of, 175
Jewish children helped by, 154, 164
resistance groups and, 36, 63–64, 79–80, 99–100
Suzanne and, 55, 189
Suzanne’s body and, 236
Trepper and, 186, 189–90, 193–94, 197
Chevalley, Lucie, 78, 154n, 159
Choisel, France, 5, 11, 12, 17, 19–21, 24, 29–30, 40, 43, 52, 89, 108, 109
Gestapo at Spaaks’ farmhouse, 210, 231
Jewish children hidden in, 151
list of rescued children hidden at, 256
Choltitz, Dietrich von, 225
Churchill, Winston, 22, 23, 129, 132
Cimade group, 103n, 244
Cocteau, Jean, xvi, 16, 42–43, 44
Colette, xvi, 44–46, 48–50, 155–56, 165–66, 281n16
Compiègne (internment camp), 61
Continental Films, 155, 204, 204n, 250
Cordier, Daniel, 167, 168
Cowburn, Benjamin, xvi, 214, 215
Dachau (concentration camp), 267n20
Dalí, Salvador, 5
Dannecker, Theodor, xvi, 26, 37, 38, 38n, 66, 82, 84, 85, 87, 252
Dassa, Sami, xiv, 158, 245
Debré, Jean-Louis, 166
Debré, Michel, 168n, 226, 253–54
Debré, Olivier, 78
Debré, Robert, xv, 78, 95, 98–100, 121, 140n, 142, 166, 168n, 176, 225, 226, 233, 253–54
Chertok and, 98, 99
Dexia and, 98–99, 151, 152, 163–64, 176, 213
goes underground, 176, 177, 187
Jewish children helped by, 154, 164–65, 213–14
resistance groups and, 99, 126–27, 153
Suzanne and, 155
Défense de la France, xv, 153, 171, 175, 178, 179, 205
de Gaulle, Charles, 23, 24, 127, 129, 132, 152n, 166, 167, 225, 226, 253
liberation of Paris and, 220, 220n, 226
de Gaulle, Geneviève, 171, 171n, 205, 205n
Delvaux, Paul, 41, 210, 242, 244
Depelsenaire, Betty, 70
Diamant, David, 120–21, 121n
Dior, Catherine, 224
Dior, Christian, 15–16, 224
Doerr, Anthony, 171–72n
Drancy (internment camp), xvi, 61, 66, 77, 79, 85, 91, 116, 119, 120, 136, 158, 174, 175, 221, 252
deportations from, 61–62, 80, 97–98, 105, 121, 121n, 136, 139, 222, 256
Jewish children at, 104–5, 108, 114, 137, 139, 222
Dumas, Alexandre, 42
Dunkirk, 17, 23
Éclaireurs Israélites Françaises (Jewish French Scouts), 103, 103n, 108
École Alsacienne, Paris, 43
Edinger, Georges, 221, 222, 223, 223n
Éditions de Minuit, 213–14
Eichmann, Adolf, 26, 37, 87, 136
Entr’aide Temporaire, xv, 78, 95, 142, 165, 197, 278n2
Jewish children’s rescue and, 108, 153–54, 157–60, 154n, 213, 244
Suzanne and, 142, 153–54, 155, 246
Établissements Kuhlmann, 77–78, 79, 143
Feferman, Maurice “Fifi,” 48, 118, 270n32
Fiddler on the Roof (musical), 112, 112n
Flossenbürg (concentration camp), 211
Fontaine, Angèle “Teddy” Lorge, xiv, 195, 199, 202
Fontaine, Maurice, xiv, 195, 196, 199, 201–2
Fradin, Eva, 164
France, 6–7, 11–15, 19, 22, 56–57, 125. See also Paris; Vichy government; specific places
anti-immigrant sentiment, 7, 247
anti-Semitism in, 14, 25, 38, 45, 82, 246–47
censorship, 125
forced labor force, 58, 170, 177, 283n15
Free Zone, 24, 50, 51, 52, 59, 64, 85, 86, 89, 101, 103, 106, 104, 117, 126, 127
Gaullist government in exile, 23
German occupation, 20–22, 25–27, 35, 40, 42, 47, 49–50, 54, 56–57, 78, 79, 84, 85, 86, 99, 115, 119, 125, 130, 142, 152, 160, 166, 170, 175, 179, 184, 220
German reprisals in, 40, 48, 84, 178
history of Jews in, 10
Jewish children, arrested, 88, 89, 91–95, 97–98, 102, 136, 139, 222, 244, 253, 279n9
Jewish children, rescued, 103–4, 104n, 106–8, 110, 116–17, 128–29, 131, 145–55, 157–65, 222, 244
Jewish children, sent to gas chambers, 97, 105, 128, 136, 222, 279n9
Jewish citizens, 10, 24–25, 49, 80, 118–19, 136, 139, 247n
Jewish deportations, 61–62, 65, 82, 97–98, 121, 121n, 127, 130, 136, 138–39, 220–21, 246–47, 247n, 278n5
Jewish elite, 77–79, 120
Jewish immigrants, 8, 9–10, 14, 58, 78, 112, 118, 127, 136, 247n, 266n10
Jews arrested in, 30–31, 39–40, 48, 58–59, 61, 77, 79, 82, 83, 83n, 85–95, 94n, 99, 101, 103, 107, 113, 116, 118, 135–37, 140, 151, 164, 252
Jews in, percentage of population, 26n
Jews ordered to wear yellow stars, 65–66, 77, 79, 115, 119, 146
Jews targeted in, 26–27, 48–49
Judaism defined in, 80
Maginot Line, 13, 14
Occupied Zone, 21, 25, 26, 59, 65, 83, 85, 87, 106
police and arrests of resisters, 171
police and deportations, 83–85, 88–95, 136–38, 274n21
François-Unger, Claude, 245, 245n
Frank, Anne, 78, 255
Free French, 23, 127, 132, 152, 152n, 159, 167, 213, 220, 225, 226, 253
French Communist Party, xiv, 12, 32, 39, 48, 63, 75, 140n, 160, 184, 186, 220, 220n, 244–45, 254–55, 283n15
bataillons de la jeunesse, 39, 40, 48, 62, 84
failures regarding the Jews, 113, 129–30
fate of Jews at Auschwitz and, 106
Free French and, 132
German reprisals and, 40, 48, 84
L’Humanité newspaper, 39
members shot at Mont-Valérien, 65
French Foreign Legion, 14–15
French Scouts, 103, 142, 154, 163. See also Éclaireurs Israélites Françaises
Fresnes prison, 70, 205, 208, 239
deportations, 206, 209, 223, 224, 227
Dexia in, 99
final executions at, 236–37
graffiti, 208–9, 210, 219, 239
messages in Suzanne’s cell, 239–40
Pauriol in, 182
political prisoners in, 205–6, 208–9, 224
Rote Kapelle prisoners in, 133
SOE agents in, 172, 206, 211, 215, 223, 282n2
Charles and Claudie Spaak in, 204–5
Suzanne executed at, 235–37, 236n
Suzanne in, 202, 208, 209, 213, 227, 230, 239–40
Marcelle Vergara in, 174
Georgie de Winter in, 219–20, 223–24
Front national (FN), 168n
FTP-MOI, 62, 63, 64, 99, 102, 118, 154, 178, 189, 270n32
assassination of Ritter, 177–78, 283n15
Galien, Pierre, 82, 88
General Commissariat on Jewish Affairs. See CGQJ
Georges, Pierre, 62, 62n
Germany, 6, 6n, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 83
anti-Nazi resistance in, 73–74, 74n
anti-Semitism in, 7, 8, 12, 26, 80, 247
British air raids on, 127
censorship, 106, 125
coup attempt against Hitler, 219
defeat at Stalingrad, 166
domination of Europe, 13, 16, 19–20, 29
Eastern front, 127, 129
Final Solution and, 26, 39, 49, 60–61, 123, 125, 223n
Jewish rescue operations in, 74
Nazi crimes, 57, 60–61, 60n
occupation of France (see France)
Polish extermination camps, 59–60
Wannsee Conference, 59–60, 83
Gestapo, xvi, 22, 37, 49, 69, 120, 126, 171–77, 182, 210
“Bonny-Lafont Gang,” 190
Rote Kapelle Task Force, xvi, 73–75, 74n, 182, 210, 220, 229, 230, 286n11
Rue de Saussaies headquarters, 69
Suzanne pursued, 194, 195–97
Suzanne’s family and associates arrested, 198–204
torture by, 69–70, 178, 205, 253
Trepper and, 69, 73–75, 131–33, 184–85, 188, 190–92, 194, 196, 197, 200, 202, 203, 204, 207, 211, 211n
Gigi (Colette), 45
Girardot, Maurice-William, xv, 155, 188, 197, 210
Glasberg, Alexandre, 101, 101n, 103–4
Goebbels, Joseph, 6n
Goldfarb, Lucienne, 175, 282n6
Gone with the Wind (Mitchell), 46, 270n30
Göring, Hermann, 39, 84
Goudeket, Maurice, xvi, 45–46, 48–50, 156, 165, 281n16
Grand Livre, Le, 157–60, 159n
Great Britain, 12, 13–14, 29
French resentment of, 167
intelligence agents in France, 185, 186
internment of Jewish exiles, 15n
Jewish children’s rescue fund, 214–15
Nazi extermination of Jews and, 125
Soviets and, 132, 182
Special Air Service (SAS), 215
Special Operations Executive (SOE), xvi, 167, 172, 206, 211, 214–15, 224–25, 282n2
Great Depression, 4, 5, 45
Great Game, The (Trepper), 68, 236n, 286n11
Gringoire, 46
Grou-Radenez, Jacques, xv, 153, 171, 175, 178–79, 187, 192, 203, 209, 234
arrest of, 203
death sentence of, 211, 216, 217–18
Jewish children taken in by, 153, 179
Grumberg, Régine, 174, 174n
Gruszow, Larissa (Wozek), xiv, 112–16, 162–63, 241, 255, 256
Grynszpan, Herschel, 7
Guggenheim, Peggy, 18, 18n
Guillemot, Marcelle, xv, 169, 244–45, 254
children’s rescue at La Clairière and, 143–44, 145, 150, 154, 168, 246
escaping the Gestapo, 173–74
Resistance and, 168–70, 174, 175, 188
Guy Patin orphanage, 115–16, 137, 138, 139, 144, 145, 152, 162
Suzanne and children’s rescue, 141–55
Happé, Alice “Bunny,” xiv, 24, 181–82, 198
Happé, Milo, xiv, 197, 198, 265n2
Happé, Tommy, 237
Harriman, W. Averill, 132
Heisel, Hans, 177, 224
Helbronner, Jacques, 27
Heydrich, Reinhard, 39, 83, 183
Himmler, Heinrich, 178
Hitler, Adolf, 9, 12, 24, 74, 211, 219, 225
Holocaust. See also specific camps
Eichmann and, 26
Final Solution, 39, 49, 60–61, 84
Wannsee Conference and, 59–60, 83
homosexuality, 43
Hugo, Valentine, 155, 231
Hugo, Victor, 231
International Red Cross, 125
Israelowicz, Israel, 38
Izieu orphanage, 253
J’Accuse, 65, 65n, 124–25, 128, 271–72n16
Jackiel, Denise and Monique, 162
Janson, Paul, xiii, 2
Janson, Paul-Émile, xiii, 17, 232–33
Jewish resistance and underground, xiv, 36, 38, 55, 57–58, 63, 64, 102, 120, 121n, 165, 169, 174–75, 194, 197, 220, 223n, 226, 255, 269n22. See also specific groups and individuals
escape from France urged, 64
informant among, 175
information about death camps, 124–25
press of, 124
Suzanne and, 57, 165
UJRE, 169, 269n22
Jewish World Congress, 125
Jews. See also France; Germany; specific countries, groups, and individuals
in denial about danger, 81–82
emigration between 1880 and 1925, 10
escape from France urged, 63
Final Solution and, 39, 49, 60–61, 104, 123, 125, 223n
first Jewish prime minister of France, 6
German propaganda and, 40–41
going into hiding, 40, 50, 81, 82, 120
“inferior races” argument against, 80
liquidation of property, 38
pogroms, 111
Wannsee Conference and, 59–60, 83
Warsaw uprising, 169
yellow stars worn, 65–66, 77, 79, 115, 119, 146
Job, Nicole, xv, 86
Joliot-Curie, Frédéric, 225
Jud Süss (film), 48
Justin-Besançon, Louis, 165
Justin-Besançon, Madeleine, 165
Klarsfeld, Serge, 87–88, 94, 223n, 247n
Knaster, Israël, 97
Kneler, Leo, 177–78
Knochen, Helmut, xvi, 37, 136, 252–53
Kohn, Armand, 120, 140n, 224
Kopkow, Horst, 243
Kowalski, Édouard “Arek,” xiv, 189, 190, 194, 220
Kupferman, Fred, 245n
La Bourdonnaye, Bertranne de, 225, 226
La Bourdonnaye, (Countess) Elisabeth de “Dexia,” xv, 98–99, 152, 159, 176–77, 205, 213, 253–54
in Fresnes prison, 233
hiding Jewish children, 152–53, 163–64, 245–46, 280n27
records of rescued children and, 160
resistance groups and, 99, 100, 160
La Bourdonnaye, Geoffroy de, 225–26, 253
La Bourdonnaye, Guy de, 226
, 253
La Bourdonnaye, Oriane de (Guéna), 152–53
Lacour, Madame, 41
Laffon, Émile, 213
La Grande Illusion (film), xiii, 6
Lamarck orphanage, 113–15, 137, 144, 145
Suzanne and children’s rescue, 141–55
Lancey, France, 51, 52
Laval, Pierre, 84, 85, 87, 239
Le Chambon-sur-Lignon, France, 163
Lederman, Charles, xiv, 35, 55, 79–80, 101–4, 169, 247, 251, 254
records of rescued children and, 160
Suzanne and, 56, 110, 121
Trepper and, 186, 190, 194, 197
Vénissieux rescue, 103–4, 104n
Le Figaro, 7, 8, 94
Le Franc-Tireur, 106
“Against the Shameful Persecution,” 106
Legrand, Madeleine, 171, 203, 209
Le Matin, 127–28
Leopold III, King of Belgium, 17
Le Petit Parisien, 46, 49, 50, 179
Les Caves du Majestic (film), 204, 204n
L’Ésprit de géométrie (Magritte), 5, 5n
Limal, Belgium, 181, 186, 195, 196, 199
Limonti, Hugues, xv, 167–69, 173, 174, 282n4
List-Pakin, Jeanne, 108, 156
Little Resistance, A (Hunt), 284n9
Lodz, Poland, 111
L’Oratoire du Louvre, xv, 142–45, 143n
account produced by, 246
funds for Jewish children and, 155, 188
Gestapo arrests and, 172–73
Girl Scout troop and, 149, 154, 163
Jewish children hidden by, 151, 154, 163, 188, 244, 280n27, 281n8
Jewish children’s rescue at La Clairière soup kitchen, 143–45, 147–51, 152, 155, 167, 244, 281n8
police and Vichy officials arrive at, 150
Renouveau children’s home and, 244–45
Resistance at La Clairière soup kitchen, 166–70, 168n, 172–74, 187
Trepper hidden at, 188
Lorge, Jeanne (Bourson), xiii, 2, 182, 195, 196n, 233, 237
Lorge, Louis, xiii, 1, 2, 5
Lusseyran, Jacques, 171, 171–72n
Lycée Henri-IV, Paris, 43
Lyon, France, xvi, 106, 126, 129, 132, 162, 172, 178, 253, 282n9
Lyon-Smith, Antonia, 284n9, 288n1
Magritte, René, 3, 4–5, 5n, 6, 18, 18n, 20, 24, 54, 250, 265n2
portraits of Suzanne, 4, 5, 5n, 244, 250
Spaaks’ collection, 41, 56, 210, 242, 244
Maillet, Jacques, 213
Maisons-Laffitte, France, 68–69, 75
Malaplate, Albert, 132
Marais, Jean, xvi, 16, 43
Marseille, France, 20, 64, 75, 129, 132, 265n4
Masson, Jean, 198
Masson, Madeleine “Pichenette” Spaak, xiii, 2, 198, 200–201
Masson, Paul, 198
Maupassant, Guy de, 43
Mauthausen (concentration camp), 174, 254
May, Madame, xiv, 188–89, 190, 211
Mercier, André, 21
Merle d’Aubigné, Robert, 165
