by Tim Townsend
Leo III, Pope, 106
Ley, Robert, 121, 133
Liberty Runs, 76, 93
Liebel, Willy, 112
Likovska, Anna, 226
Lincoln, Abraham, 55, 62
Lindsay, Chaplain, 36
Linz crematorium, 196
Little Bohemia Lodge, 298
London Agreement and Charter, 134
Lord’s Prayer, 76
Lord’s Supper, 261–64
Louvre Museum (Paris), 104
Luftwaffe, 145, 147, 203
Luke, Gospel of, 104–5, 187–88, 296
Luther, Martin, 4, 13, 21, 109–10, 263–64, 287
Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod (LCMS), 16–17, 27–28, 45, 58
Lutheran Deaconess Association, 33
Lutheranism, 27–28
Lutheran Layman’s League, 277
Lutheran Mission Industries, 34–37, 42–45
Lutheran Witness, The (magazine), 300
Lutheran Women’s League, 277
McCabe, Charles, 55
McCloy, John, 126–29
Mackie, J. L., 252
Madagascar, 192
Maimonides, 279
Malmedy, Belgium, 202
Mande St. Etienne, Belgium, 202–3
Markow, Ernst, 130
Martin of Tours, Saint, 50–52, 306
Mastersingers of Nuremberg (opera), 92, 112
Matthew, Gospel of, 39–40, 51, 60, 306–7
Mauterndorf Castle, 149
Mauthausen concentration camp, 195–200
construction of, 195–96
death rate, 196, 197–98, 200
Eleventh Division’s arrival and liberation of, 205–9
Kaltenbrunner’s role, 194–95, 197, 198, 199, 210–11
Wiener Graben quarry at, 198–99
Wiesenthal at, 284–85, 286
Maxwell Fyfe, David, 163, 231
Medical Department Training Centers, 64
mehillah, 279
Mein Kampf (Hitler), 142, 180, 256
Melanchthon, Philipp, 21–22, 24
Membury airfield, 74
Menard State Prison, 299–305, 307–8
Menard Time, 303
Mengele, Josef, 199
military chaplains, 50–61. See also specific chaplains
after American Civil War, 56
in American Civil War, 54–56
in American Revolution, 52–54
Catholic, 49, 54, 56–57, 59, 70
in Colonial America, 52
by denominational quota, 58
duties, 57, 59
first black army, 54
first female, 54–55
first Jewish, 54
history of, 52–61
Martin of Tours and origin of, 50–52
National Defense Act and, 56
providing religious support to enemies, 136–37
relationship between the divine and war and, 52, 60
requirements for, 58, 60
role in battles, 203
training, 60–61
in World War I, 56–57
in World War II, 5–6, 57–60
Miller, Rabbi, 63
Milwaukee Journal, 298
Ministry of Propaganda’s Radio Division, 178–79
“mission prayer,” 42
Missouri State Penitentiary, 36
Missouri Synod, 16–17, 27–28, 45, 58
Mitchum, Robert, 42
Mobley, Gregory, 220–21
Mögeldorf church, 11, 117, 159–60, 184, 190–91, 235
Moments of Comfort (radio show), 42, 46, 75, 91, 293
“Moments of Prayer” (daily devotion), 75, 91–92
Mondorf camp (Ashcan), 98–103, 151–52
Mondorf-les-Bains, Luxembourg, 98–99
moral evil, defined, 219–21
Mosel River, 99
Mounier, Pierre, 154
Mount St. Rose (St. Louis), 37–38
Muhlenberg, Henry Melchior, 53
Munich, Ninety-Eighth General Hospital in, 86–94
Munich Municipal Hospital, 87–88
Munich Putsch of 1923, 141–42, 145, 256
National Defense Act of 1916, 56
Native Americans, genocide of, 218
Nazi Party (Nazis), 105–6, 111–13. See also Hitler, Adolf
Frank in, 191–93, 228–30
Fritzsche in, 178–79
Goering in, 145–51
Gottgläubig, 166–67, 265
Hess in, 141–42
Kaltenbrunner in, 193–95, 197, 210–11
in Nuremberg, 105–6, 111–13
Ribbentrop in, 168–69
Sauckel in, 171–74
Schirach in, 180–81
Speer in, 118, 175–76, 198
“near-beer,” 16
Neave, Airey, 232
Nebuchadnezzar, King, 106
Neurath, Constantin von, 169, 245, 291
Newbury Race Course, 74, 76, 78
Newsweek, 242
New World Commercial Co., 14
New York Times, 130–31, 288
Niemoeller, Martin, 167
Ninety-Fourth Infantry Division, 201
Ninety-Eighth General Hospital, 62–72
chapel, 68–69, 75, 83–84
at Fort Jackson, 6–7, 62–68
in Hermitage, England, 63, 68–72, 74–86
in Munich, 86–94
Ninety-Eighth General Hospital Orchestra, 69–70, 80
Ninotchka (movie), 146
Norenberc, 108
Normandy landings, 5, 75, 201
Norton, Herman, 55–56
Nuremberg, 9, 105–13
British bombing of, 113–14
history of, 108–11
Nazi movement in, 105–6, 111–13
origins of, 107–8
postwar life, 114–17
war crimes community, 160–64
Nuremberg City Hall, 108–9
Nuremberg Laws, 113, 123
Nuremberg Opera House, 162
Nuremberg prison, 115, 118–20. See also specific prisoners
chapel services, 121–22, 158–59, 169–70, 181–82
Christmas service, 186–90
gallows. See gallows, at Nuremberg prison
history of, 120
layout of, 119–20, 121
organization of prisoners, 120, 121–22
prisoner responsibilities, 122–23
suicides at, 1, 3, 120–21, 265–67
Nuremberg Rallies, 111–12
Nuremberg trials, 7, 154–58, 225–33
adjournment, 233, 240
basic structure, 134–35
Christmas break, 183–84
Doenitz at, 101, 166, 243, 245
final statements, 226–33
Frank at, 101, 228–30
Fritzsche at, 7–8, 133, 177, 223, 227, 232, 242–43, 244
Gerecke’s prayer, 157
Goering at, 101, 133, 155, 222–23, 226–27, 241–44, 246
Hess at, 140, 142, 155, 227–28, 244
Jackson’s opening statement, 156–57
Jodl at, 133, 155–56, 246
Kaltenbrunner at, 194–95, 198, 199, 209–11, 217–18
Keitel at, 3–4, 133, 230–32, 244, 245–47
opening of, 154–57
Raeder at, 243, 245, 246
Ribbentrop at, 101, 227, 228, 242, 244
Sauckel at, 155–56, 230
Schacht at, 133, 242–43
Schirach at, 223, 245
selection of site, 115
Speer at, 223, 244–45
Streicher at, 101, 157
U.S. case, 157–58
verdicts, 240–45
war crimes planning, 125–36
Nussbaum, Samuel, 22
Obersalzberg, 148–49
O’Connor, Sixtus “Richard,” 137–40
application to Chaplain Corps, 140
background of, 137–39
death of, 296–97
in Eleventh Ar
mored Division, 200–204, 208–9
forgiveness, idea of, 287, 288
at Mauthausen, 208–9
at Nuremberg prison, 103, 158, 159, 186, 190, 209, 225, 251, 252, 258–59, 270
arrival, 140
executions, 271–76
family and family visits to defendants, 234, 236, 278
Frank and, 190, 193, 233, 274–75, 278
Papen and, 223
World Series, 4, 259, 266
postwar life of, 295–96
at St. Bonaventure, 137–39, 295
at Siena College, 139–40, 295, 296
Office of Military Government, United States (OMGUS), 113, 115–17, 160
Office of Strategic Services (OSS), 81
Office of War Information (OWI), 131–32
101st Airborne Infantry Division, 68, 202
122nd Ohio Volunteers, 55
“On the Jews and Their Lies” (Luther), 109–10
Operation Eagle, 147
Operation Sea Lion, 147
Order of the Friars Minor, 139
Ostfriedhof Cemetery (Munich), 288–89
Our Redeemer Lutheran Church (St. Louis), 13
Overy, Richard, 127, 132
Owens, O. E., 69, 78
Owens, Win, 69
Palace of Justice (Nuremberg). See Nuremberg prison
Papen, Franz von, 222–23, 242–43
Paracodin, 151
Patton, George, 2, 86, 202, 209, 210
Paul of Yugoslavia, Prince, 151
Pearl Harbor, 44, 57–58, 61
Peleus, SS, 166
Pell, Herbert, 124–25
Pequot Wars, 52
Persian Empire, 106
Pfluecker, Ludwig, 266–67
Pius XII, Pope, 49
Poland, 123, 139, 191–92
Polk, James, 54
Popeye the Sailor Man, 309
Pour le Mérite, 150–51
Prince Regent’s Theatre (Munich), 92
Prinz Wilhelm Regiment No. 112, 144
prison. See Nuremberg prison
“prison psychosis,” 96
Prohibition, 14, 15
Psalm 23, 76, 306
Psalm 32, 279
rabbis, 63–64, 80, 84, 92
Raeder, Erich
background of, 167
in German Imperial Navy, 167–68
at Nuremberg prison, 167, 168, 189–90, 234
Nuremberg trial verdict, 243, 245, 246
Raeder, Erika, 234
Raeder, Johann Friedrich, 272
Ramsbury airfield, 74
Randolph, Ross, 301, 302, 307
Reagan, Ronald, 67
Red Cross, 79, 281
Reich Security Main Office (RSHA), 147
Religion-Philosophical Society of St. Charles, 54–55
Religious Census of 1916, 58
repentance, 285–86
Revolutionary War, American, 52–54
Ribbentrop, Joachim von
background of, 168
in Nazi Party, 148, 168–69
in Nuremberg prison, 189–90
death by hanging, 9, 10, 271–72, 273
Gerecke and, 9, 10, 168, 169, 235, 253–54, 271–72
Nuremberg trial, 101, 227, 228
Nuremberg trial verdict, 242, 244
Ribbentrop-Henkell, Annelies, 235
Richard, King, 107
Richthofen, Manfred von (“Red Baron”), 145
Rickey, Branch, 259
Riefenstahl, Leni, 112
Rintfleisch pogroms, 109, 110
Robert Koch Hospital (St. Louis), 33, 37, 40
Rolfingsmeyer, Loretta, 35
Romans, ancient, 50–52, 106–7
Rommel, Erwin, 200–201
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 49, 85, 123–24, 126–27, 129, 178
Roschke, E. L., 292
Rosen, David, 279–80
Rosenberg, Alfred
death by hanging, 273–74
Gerecke and, 166–67, 259, 273–74
Rosenberg, Irene, 239
Rosh Hashanah, 92
Roska, Charles, 266–67
Rothe, O., 45
Röttingen, Rintfleisch pogroms, 109, 110
Russian slave labor, in World War II, 172–74
Saarinen, Eero, 32
Sabaria, Hungary, 50
Saint, The (yearbook), 29, 30, 31
St. Agnes Cemetery (Menands, New York), 297
St. Andrew’s Night, 163
St. Bonaventure College, 137–39, 295
St. Francis of Assisi Church (New York City), 296
St. John Evangelical Lutheran Church (Chester, Illinois), 297–99, 306–7, 309–12
St. John Lutheran School (Chester, Illinois), 309–10
St. John’s Academy and College, 26–30
St. John’s Lutheran cemetery (Chester, Illinois), 301–2
St. Louis, Gerecke family in, 5–6, 13–47, 291–92
St. Louis Cardinals, 4, 259, 266
St. Louis City Workhouse, 37–38, 39
St. Louis Lutheran City Mission, 20, 31–47, 66, 73, 306
St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 225
St. Louis University, 16
St. Louis World’s Fair (1904), 14–15
St. Paul’s Lutheran Church (St. Louis), 45
St. Sebald’s Church (Nuremberg), 108
Samaria, HMS, 201
Saratoga Race Course, 295
Satan, 220–21
Saturday Evening Post, 298
Sauckel, Elisabeth, 171, 174, 235
Sauckel, Fritz
background of, 171
in Nazi Party, 171–74
in Nuremberg prison
death by hanging, 275
Gerecke and, 170–71, 174–75, 188, 253–54, 275
Nuremberg trial, 155–56, 230
“Sauckel action,” 172–73
Saunders, David, 303
scapegoating of the Jews, 109–12
Schacht, Cordula, 236–37
Schacht, Hjalmar
in Nuremberg prison, 169–70, 189–90, 236–37
Nuremberg trial, 133
Nuremberg trial verdict, 242–43
Schacht, Konstanze, 237
Schirach, Baldur von
background of, 179–80
capture of wife, 184–85
in Nazi Party, 180–81
in Nuremberg prison, 168, 234–35, 277
Gerecke and, 11, 176, 179, 181–82, 223–25
translation of letter to Alma, 223–25, 343–44n
Nuremberg trial, 223
Nuremberg trial verdict, 245
Schirach, Henriette von, 11–12, 184–85, 190, 234–35
Schirach, Richard, 234
Schneider, William, 22
Schwab, Friedrich, 22
Sebald (Sebaldus of Nuremberg), Saint, 107–8, 112
Second Great Awakening, 55–56
Second Reich, 106, 111
Segar, Elzie, 309
Seidel, Alfred, 233
786th Airborne Engineers, 74
Seyss-Inquart, Arthur, 230, 244, 254, 258, 275, 277
Sicherheitsdienst (SD), 193, 231
Siegfried Line, 203
Siemers, George, 22
Siemers, Ludwig, 22
Siena College, 139–40, 295, 296
Sinclair, Frank, 298
Sinclair, Merle, 298
6850th Internal Security Detachment, 137. See also Nuremberg prison
Sixtus IV, Pope, 139
Smith, Henry, 71–72
sola scriptura, 27
Soldiers of God (Spellman), 49
Solomon, 63–64
Song of Bernadette, The (Werfel), 193
Soubirous, Bernadette, 193
Southeast Missouri State, 26
Speer, Albert
background of, 175, 185–86
in Nazi Party, 118, 175–76, 198
at Nuremberg prison, 185–86, 233, 252–53, 258, 272, 277
Gerecke and, 175, 176, 181–82
Nuremberg trial, 223, 232
Nuremberg trial verdict, 244–45
Spellman, Francis, 49
Stack, Robert, 149–50
Stalin, Joseph, 124, 126–27
Starnes, Robert, 267
Steinmetz, David, 263
Steyr crematorium, 196
Stifel, Otto, 13, 14
Stimson, Henry, 126, 127, 129, 132
Stone, Samuel, 52
Streicher, Adele, 275
Streicher, Julius
Der Stürmer and, 101, 105, 157
at Nuremberg prison, 186, 235
death by hanging, 274–75
Nuremberg trial, 101, 157
Streit, Christian, 53
Student’s Mission Society, 29
Sturmabteilung (SA) Brownshirts, 112, 145
Sullivan, Daniel, 226
Sullivan, James P.
army background of, 64–65
building of Ninety-Eighth, 64
end of war and, 85, 86
Gerecke and, 66, 70, 75, 81–84, 87, 96–97, 104, 105
German POW labor and, 81, 88
hospital move to Hermitage, England, 67–68
hospital move to Munich, 86–91, 93
recreation for patients and staff, 69–70, 76, 79, 84–85, 93
typhoid epidemic and, 88–89
Sunday, Billy, 24–25
Taylor, Telford, 126, 135, 154–55, 156, 160, 162, 232, 240
Telegraphen Union, 178
Ten Commandments, 11
teshuva, 279–80
Thanksgiving, 44, 67, 80, 157
That These Words of Christ, “This Is My Body,” etc., Still Stand Firm Against the Fanatics (Luther), 263–64
Third Reich, 105–6, 111, 195
Thirty-Sixth Infantry Division, 149
This Is the Life (film), 300–301
“This too shall pass,” 62–64
Tilles, Stanley, 256–58, 270, 275
Times (magazine), 130
Tolstoy, Leo, 304
Torah, 248–49
Tours, France, 50–52
translatio imperii, 105–7
transubstantiation, 262–64
Treblinka extermination camp, 211–12
Trial of the Major War Criminals before the International Military Tribunal. See Nuremberg trials
Triumph of the Will (film), 112
Truman, Harry, 129–30
Turner, Henry M., 54
Tusa, Ann and John, 163, 230, 245
Twelfth United States Army Group, 136
Twenty-Eighth General Hospital, 64
Twenty-Sixth Alabama Regiment, 55–56
typewriters, for chaplains, 57
typhoid epidemic, 88–89
U-852 (German submarine), 166
Unaltered Augsburg Confession, 21–22, 24, 264
Union Brewery (St. Louis), 13, 14
United Nations War Crimes Commission, 124, 129, 133–34
University of Bonn, 139
University of Krakow, 191
University of Munich, 139, 141
USO shows, 80
usury, 109–10
VE Day (March 7, 1945), 85–86
Verdun, France, 86–87
