roots of human 282
sexual arousal as trigger 284
social or biological 282
agreeableness 144, 361
AH/POA see anterior hypothalamus/preoptic area
AIDS 11, 186, 192, 219, 287, 289, 366
alcohol 9, 116, 119, 120, 247, 283, 286–288, 318, 341, 343, 363, 364, 392, 394, 401, 402, 433, 434, 439, 448
alcohol myopia 119, 286
altered state of consciousness 323
altruism 129, 138, 372
Alzheimer’s disease 222
Amnon 77
amygdala 48, 50, 122, 183, 365, 450, 451, 454
androgens 40, 41, 42, 48, 150, 151, 155, 453
activational effects 42
organizational effects 41
anger 126, 166, 168, 172, 175, 431, 439, 442, 446
consequences of 284
as motivation 283–284
anhedonia 161, 344
anterior hypothalamus/preoptic area (AH/POA) 48, 452
antiquity, the classical period 73–77
anxiety 2, 3, 15, 18, 31, 45, 56, 165, 166, 169, 170, 175, 224, 226, 250, 273, 321, 325, 328, 337, 338, 339, 345, 351, 352, 353, 356, 375, 391
aphrodisiac 171, 194, 286, 289, 290, 292, 374
appetite, excessive 4
approach 283
differences between individuals 155–156
sexual taste 156
approach behaviour 179–180
approach system 147–149, 394
Arabian Nights 288
arousal 98, 107, 116, 272, 281, 286, 287, 304, 319, 347, 350, 359, 362, 422, 442, 444
biological bases 175
gender differences 172–173
general and link to sexual 164–168
link with desire 176–177
objective and subjective 171–176
role of learning 174
sexual 170–171
sexual, experimental evidence and theories 168–170
subjective 116, 169, 286, 295
therapeutic implications 176
women’s 173
arson 384, 417, 419, 430
asexuality 7, 170, 184, 252, 260, 445, 459
asexuals 260, 281
attachment 15, 82, 106, 163, 196, 231, 348, 400, 426, 436, 442, 446
abnormalities 349–350
basic principles 269–271
in Buddhist philosophy 72
forms of 278–279
fragmentation from sexual desire 280–281
insecure 278
interaction with sexual desire 275–277
attention
engaging 113–115
selective 279–280
attentional adhesion 113
attraction 128
attractiveness 128–130
the brain and 130
an evolutionary psychology perspective 132
Australia 125
authoritarianism 98
autoerotic asphyxiation 51, 357
autonomic nervous system 52, 168, 173, 196
aversion 113, 181, 200, 261
aversion therapy 83
avoidance 283
avoidance system 143
Azande 262, 267
Aztec 289
Barrie, J.M. 6, 89, 110
basal ganglia 449
bed-wetting 430
beer goggles 286
behaviour
customer 135
deviant 238, 240
behavioural activation system 360
behaviourism 93
Bernardo, Paul 371, 413, 421, 423
Berridge, Kent 24, 26
Bianchi, Kenneth 423, 440
Bindra, Dalbir 25
Binet, Alfred 377
biological differences and sexual behaviour 21
bipolar disorder 156–157, 290, 445, 446
bipolar illness 273
birth control 93
bisexuality 20, 64, 66, 106, 109, 252, 254, 256, 258, 259, 263, 264, 265, 267, 276, 389
boredom 15, 37, 165, 189, 195, 319, 322, 323, 334, 337, 339, 351, 392
Boston Strangler 411
Boswell, James 89, 220
Bovary, Emma 8
Bowlby, John 231
brain
basics of 43–52
neomammalian 43, 44, 47
paleomammalian 43
plasticity 387, 412, 432
primitive 43
recently-evolved 43
reptilian 43
and temptation 222–223
brain damage 120
brain imaging 13
brain scanning 12, 186, 187, 330
brain/mind 30, 33, 75, 90, 92, 97, 98
brains, fixed and flexible 120–126
Brand, Russell 17, 325, 341
Brudos, Jerry 381, 382, 413, 419
Buddhism 71–73
bug-chasing 327
Bundy, Ted 361, 413, 415, 422, 424, 426, 435, 440
Buono, Angelo 413, 423
Buss, David 124, 249
cannabinoid 201
cannabis 327, 452
Carter, Jimmy 217, 301
Casanova 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 14, 112, 164, 209, 294, 321, 341, 443
castration 97
catecholamines 451
catharsis 83, 224, 284, 298, 354, 436
Catholic doctrine 313
celibacy 15, 62, 72, 78, 79, 80, 97, 98, 101, 110, 204, 215
cerebellum 85
chastity 78, 114, 203, 218, 225, 251, 263, 444
Cheever, Susan 5, 203
chemicals and levels of control 119
child molestation 326, 330
children, production of 17, 62, 101
choking 430
Christianity 72, 77, 429, 449
Clinton, Bill 89, 314, 321
clitoridectomy 251
clitoris 87, 109, 251
coca 289, 290
cocaine 7, 40, 157, 183, 289, 290, 291, 292, 293, 309, 319, 330, 342, 343, 350, 428, 446
cognitive distortions 107
cognitive load, emotions and stress 118
cognitive reserve 288
cognitive therapy 83
co-marital sex 125
compensation model 305
conditioning 100, 174, 258, 335, 390
classical 35, 36, 109, 324, 359, 374, 384, 411, 419, 442
instrumental 35, 36, 359
one-shot 378, 379
operant 37, 418, 419, 455
condoms 107
conscience 368
conscientiousness 121, 144, 361
conscious awareness 10, 33, 34, 36, 48, 67, 112, 114, 115, 136, 141, 146, 148, 172, 173, 174, 176, 213, 224, 304, 355, 448
conscious insight 153
conscious processes 34
consciousness, altered 331
construal interventions 222
contraception 105, 123, 150, 153, 204, 213
contraceptive pill 151, 152, 174
control 16
automatic 113
conscious 113
effortful 121
high-level 113, 115, 119
layered 78
low-level 115, 119
Coolidge effect 190, 193, 198
coping strategy 352, 404, 412, 415, 418
cortex 45, 47, 48, 50, 51, 52, 117, 146, 151, 182, 211, 214, 233, 309, 365, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454
asymmetry 146
cost-benefit analysis 65, 126, 147, 200, 209, 241, 291, 364, 425, 445
courtship disorder 353–354, 389
craving 3, 9, 54, 56, 71, 72, 76, 90, 94, 114, 142, 156, 165, 185, 219, 271, 273, 289, 309, 319, 320, 338, 342, 343, 344, 433, 435
drug 342
creativity 99, 117
critical period 234, 350
cross-dressing 381
crystal 291
cultural differences 105
cultural rules 90
culture 14, 19, 20, 23, 27, 66, 68, 89, 92, 93, 98, 106, 109, 110, 124, 126, 129, 131, 132, 168, 185, 204, 208, 211, 236, 239, 242, 248, 263, 265, 266, 405, 406, 427, 442
>
and biology 19–24
curiosity 58, 59, 167, 248, 395
cybersex 331–333
Dahmer, Jeffrey 431–436, 455
Dani 101
Darwin, Charles 122, 273
date rape 218, 398, 400, 401
defence 310
deficiency theory 305
dementia 222
depletion 221
depressed mood 56, 141, 319
depression 15, 18, 31, 45, 83, 138, 139, 156, 157, 224, 273, 321, 324, 328, 337, 339, 432
deprivation 95
sexual 300
deprivation effect 306
Descartes, René 377
design 61, 63, 209
desire
deviant 304
subjective 13
development 22, 29, 42, 52, 66–67, 110, 171, 214, 304, 350, 367, 376, 388, 397, 404, 415, 422, 433, 436, 442, 444, 446
brain 32, 52, 59, 349
brain bases of 245–247
forming incentives 109–110
general principles 229–233
and learning 230–231
and levels of control 119
linking to adult desire 245
sexual 233–240
deviant sexuality 32
disgust 6, 11, 62, 117, 122, 126, 156, 175, 202, 205–215, 226, 242, 260, 283, 337, 363, 366, 421, 442
cognition, morals and guilt 211
cross-cultural 212
and economic exchange 214
evolutionary trade-off 209–210
hierarchy of control 212–214
individual and cultural variation 207–209
raw 207
displeasure 179, 181
dissociated state 322
dissociation 423, 438, 448
distress, from deprivation and temptation 77–84
divorce 99
domestic violence 406
dominance 196
dopamine 21, 24–27, 40, 49, 50, 51, 56, 59, 60, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 170, 180, 182, 183, 192, 197, 201, 233, 246, 247, 271, 277, 284, 289, 290, 291, 292, 324, 340, 341, 343, 350, 352, 365, 384, 393, 412, 415, 418, 422, 425, 440, 445, 446, 447, 452
dreams 99, 234
sexual 311–313
drive 69, 92, 93, 99, 101, 102, 103, 108, 109, 110, 224, 266, 329, 423
drugs 6, 7, 9, 10, 54, 59, 73, 115, 119, 120, 142, 148, 155, 183, 245, 247, 273, 292–293, 324, 336, 341, 392, 402, 422, 428, 439, 442, 444, 445, 446, 448
dualism 92
dynamic systems theory 267
dyspareunia 227
ecstasy 293
effortful control 121
ego 90, 445
ejaculation 75, 81, 88, 181, 183, 184, 200, 201, 218, 378, 380, 449
Ellis, Havelock 378
empathy 81, 106, 116, 135, 180, 208, 217, 218, 219, 233, 254, 275, 278, 303, 326, 346, 362, 363, 365, 366, 367, 369, 400, 401, 403, 407, 408, 417, 422, 423, 440
and psychopathy 365–366
encephalitis lethargica (sleeping sickness) 157–158
endorphins 293, 326, 420
energy discharge 90
energy model 305
engorgement 138
entitlement 422
environment 56, 58, 60, 63, 66, 109, 370, 448
epilepsy 223, 421, 428, 439
epinephrine 41
erectile disorder 200
erectile dysfunction 31
erectile reaction 174
erection 116, 201, 202, 234, 238, 401, 430, 455
erotic labelling 173
erotic plasticity 262–267
and sexual orientation 263–264
and swinging 264–265
erotica 8, 47, 295–297
erotophilia 104, 105, 237, 265
erotophobia 104, 105, 235, 237, 278
escalation 9, 17, 73, 76, 155, 181, 290, 297, 298, 304, 313, 326, 339, 345, 382, 387, 393, 396, 402, 410, 411, 419, 420, 423, 431, 435, 443, 445, 446, 447, 448
Etruscan art 294
Eve 215
evolution 23, 27, 29, 33, 43, 58, 60, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66, 120, 121, 122, 124, 126, 129, 130, 131, 132, 149, 152, 181, 192, 206, 207, 209, 214, 229, 239, 242, 248, 249, 259, 280, 299, 321, 352, 368, 404, 405, 453
causal explanation 60, 266
functional explanation 60, 61, 67, 181, 207, 265, 270, 274, 280
evolutionary mismatch 62–66, 149, 321, 444
evolutionary perspectives 60–66
evolutionary psychology 23, 61, 62, 67, 83, 120–121, 162–163, 248, 404–408, 444
notion of design 61–62
excess, danger of 84–87
executive control 113, 141, 348
exhibitionism 59, 119, 161, 167, 330, 331, 346, 353, 354, 389–391, 434, 446
Exodus 208
expectancy system 26
expectation vii, 16, 20, 103, 104, 106, 118, 126, 138, 149, 177, 178, 179, 181, 237, 238, 243, 259, 261, 263, 343, 355, 406, 421
exploration 58
exposure 130, 236, 243
extraversion 143
extraverts 143, 144, 189
Eysenck, Hans 174
familiarity 188
in long-term relationships 193–195
fantasy 3, 4, 7, 14, 21, 100, 105, 114, 117, 138, 151, 155, 174, 196, 236, 237, 240, 257, 267, 290, 294, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 306, 307, 308, 309, 312, 313, 322, 342, 346, 351, 354, 355, 377, 390, 391, 393, 394, 399, 402, 403, 410, 412, 417, 418, 419, 420, 426, 427, 429, 431, 432, 433, 435, 438, 444, 447, 448
basic principles 299–300
biological roots of 309–311
context of 302–303
emergence of 304–305
frequency of 301
and Freud 305, 306
fringe 354–355
gender differences in 303–304
an incentive perspective 306–307
role in behaviour 307–309
sexual 63
spontaneous and responsive 300
fear 11, 12, 110, 122, 126, 165, 168, 172, 175, 192, 202, 204, 233, 234, 236, 260, 272, 283, 336, 348, 352, 361, 442
feeding 29, 54, 55, 57, 59, 63, 80, 90, 95, 96, 101, 114, 118, 182, 183, 210, 309, 318, 321, 336, 443, 445
feminist perspective 248, 282, 404, 427
feminist politics 267
feminist studies 24
feminization 42
fetish 20, 66, 132, 209, 251, 350, 352, 372, 385, 410, 420, 434, 446
animal model 384
bodily features (partialism) and actions 377–380
foot and shoe 380, 381, 383, 385, 419, 429
rubber 375
fetishism 346
fictional depictions 7–8
fidelity 15, 62, 123, 225, 251, 280
fitness 60, 124, 130
flagellation 386
Flaubert, Gustave 188, 205, 269
flirting 17, 90, 110, 157, 166, 195, 236
foot-binding 251
forbidden 132
free will 30, 69, 74, 316
Freud, Sigmund 75, 87–93, 94, 98, 209, 224, 233, 242, 258, 290, 305, 306, 310, 312, 358, 359, 380, 409, 423, 445
frontal lobe 45, 48
frotteurism 167, 430
frustration 68, 84, 96, 97, 98, 99, 101, 135, 166, 174, 184, 185, 186–187, 259, 263, 281, 283, 284, 296, 300, 337, 358, 362, 403, 407, 422, 434, 438, 445
and the brain 184, 186
functional neuroimaging 13, 40
future discounting 141, 142, 148, 444
Gacy, John Wayne 416, 421, 425
Gaeltacht (‘Inis Beag’) 101
Galen 76, 94
gambling 25, 29, 54, 57, 58, 59, 109, 148, 159, 198, 224, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322–324, 336, 339, 342, 343, 445
gay gene 253
Gein, Ed 424
gender differences 104, 106, 117, 128, 140, 172–173
development, evolution and culture 247–252
in fantasy 304
paraphilias 352–353
gender identity 37
genes 21, 58, 60, 61, 62, 65, 66, 67, 109, 120, 123, 124, 126, 131, 140, 190, 197, 207, 241, 243, 248, 249, 253, 266, 268, 348, 364, 405, 442, 448
Genesis 85, 288
genital arousal 233
genitals 10, 13, 14, 29, 30, 52, 74, 82, 92, 97, 116, 145, 146, 170, 171, 172, 173, 176, 177, 181, 201, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 250, 260, 286, 346, 347, 353, 376, 383, 386, 450, 451
genotype 60
Gilles de Rais 412
Gingrich, Newt 222
goals 11, 15, 16, 55, 58, 99, 112, 113, 114, 116, 119, 120, 122, 123, 141, 143, 146, 179, 232, 271, 283, 288, 290, 362, 400, 403, 407
God 5, 15, 75, 79, 211, 215, 216, 217, 312, 327, 337
Goldman, Emma 209
grandiosity 422
Gray, Jeffrey 143
Greece 73, 74, 78, 79, 87, 267
Green River Killer 429
green sickness 80–81
Greene, Graham 165, 454
group sex 125
guilt 175, 197, 204, 205, 211, 212, 220, 278, 306, 325, 336, 339, 351, 352, 362, 399, 421, 438
habit 118, 322
habituation 17, 35, 196, 243, 297, 326, 394, 421, 447, 448
Haight-Ashbury 289, 290, 292
haloperidol 393
Harris, David and Clara 123
heart rate 29, 52, 57, 295, 323, 435
heat of the moment 76, 107, 118, 218–220, 228
hedonism 12, 26, 63, 90, 108, 147, 215, 323, 334, 343
heroin 40, 54, 142, 148, 183, 292, 293, 317, 318, 320, 327, 359
heterosexuality 20, 64, 98, 109, 129, 148, 155, 181, 192, 237, 239, 252, 255, 256, 258, 260, 263, 264, 266, 281, 306, 325, 351, 376, 453
hierarchy i, 27, 44, 153, 182, 208, 408
Hillside Stranglers 413, 423, 439
Hindley, Myra 426
Hippocrates 73, 74, 94
Hite Report 102
Hite, Shere 102
HIV 11, 157, 219, 327
Hollywood 128
homeostasis 449
Homolka, Karla 423, 426
homosexuality 64, 71, 109, 129, 192, 237, 238, 242, 245, 252, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 263, 266, 267, 277, 281, 294, 302, 305, 306, 325, 330, 342, 416, 434, 437, 453
hormones 10, 14, 22, 31, 38, 40, 48, 67, 84, 92, 96, 97, 98, 102, 107, 109, 114, 147, 149–154, 175, 204, 230, 237, 246, 253, 255, 256, 260, 289, 306, 309, 340, 444
comparison with non-humans 54, 149–150
human females 152–154
human males 151
Hrdy, Sarah Blaffer 66, 249
humiliation 167, 300, 344, 354, 360, 363, 412, 422, 426, 430, 435
humour 74, 78, 108, 130, 169
humours 73, 74, 82
hypersexuality 146, 148, 156, 157, 159, 160, 161, 222, 223, 260, 328, 334, 342, 362, 422
hypoactive sexual desire 181, 226, 306
hypoactive sexual desire disorder 100, 195, 260, 459
hyposexuality 147
hypothalamus 48, 52, 155, 254, 450, 451, 452, 453, 457
hysteria 89
Ibn Hazm 81, 216, 271, 272, 275, 377
How Sexual Desire Works- The Enigmatic Urge Page 60
