by Dan Jurafsky
culinary contributions from, 2, 53
Villafranca, Blas, 153–54, 153
vinegar, 38–41, 43, 46–47, 50, 123, 124, 128, 149, 155, 182
Visher, Mrs., 124
visual perception:
synesthesia in, 168
vocabulary for, 96
vowels, in sound symbolism, 161–67, 161, 163, 169, 189, 207
Vulgate Bible, 74
waes hael, 70–71
Warra-q, Ibn Sayyr al-, 39, 131, 173
Washington, George and Martha, 176
wassail, 68–71
recipe for, 68–69
“wassail the trees,” 68
water, disease and, 183–84
Watson, Doc, 107
weddings:
culinary traditions in, 3, 6, 24
toasting at, 65–66, 72, 76
wheat:
kernel structure of, 119
milling of, 118, 123, 129
for pasta, 134–35
see also flour
wheat germ, 119, 129
Wilson, Bee, 128
Wilson, C. Anne, 147
wine, 56, 66, 69, 71, 98, 156, 157, 188, 197
freezing of, 154
linguistic history of, 71–74
red rice, 49–50, 56
reviews of, 100
spiced, 171–72
Wireker, Nigellus, 71
Witherly, Steven, 108
Wondrich, David, 30, 57, 155
Worchestershire sauce, 59, 196
word frequency, 104
word pairs, markedness in, 105
World War I, 28, 179
Wu, Emperor of China, 50–51
Yale Culinary Tablets, 40, 122, 122
“Yankee Doodle,” 142
yeast, 117
Yelp, 92–93, 104
Yi (Hundred Yue), 50–51
Yi Yin, 97
Yorkston, Eric, 162–63, 207
Yu, Janet, 53, 65, 66, 97, 107, 108, 125, 126, 144, 158, 171, 180, 187
Yu, Linda, 103
Zheng Chenggong (Koxinga), 61–62
Zheng He, 53
Zhou Huang, 54
Ziegleman, Jane, 20
Zipf, George, 13
Ziryab, 173–74
Copyright © 2014 by Dan Jurafsky
All rights reserved
First Edition
Lime Syrup recipe (page 149) reproduced with permission from Food of Life:
Ancient Persian and Modern Iranian Cooking and Ceremonies, by Najmieh Batmanglij, Mage Publishers, www.mage.com
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write to Permissions, W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.,
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The Library of Congress has cataloged the printed edition as follows:
Jurafsky, Dan, 1962–
The language of food : a linguist reads the menu / Dan Jurafsky.
pages cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-393-24083-2 (hardcover)
1. Food—History. 2. Food—Terms and phrases.
3. Dinners and dining—Terms and phrases. 4. Food habits—History.
5. English language—Etymology. I. Title.
TX353J78 2014
641.32009—dc23
2014020202
ISBN 978-0-393-24587-5 (e-book)
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