by Michael Haag
Caithness, William, Earl of 323
Calvary (Golgotha) 68, 288
candelabra 255, 264
castles and fortresses 106, 127–8, 132–6, 181, 187
fall to the Mamelukes 195, 198–200
historical sources 349
see also individual castles:
Almourol; Athlit; Baghras;
Beaufort; Chastel Blanc; Kolossi;
Krak des Chevaliers; La Feve;
Margat; Saphet
Catharism 146–8, 219, 351
Celestine II, Pope 104
Charlemagne 96
Charles of Anjou, King of Sicily 119, 197–8
Charles Martel 63
Chastel Blanc (Safita) castle 134, 135 illus, 195, 200, 302–3, 303 illus
Chastel Pelerin 138
Chastellet 134, 166
Château de la Mer, Sidon 202 illus, 203
‘Chaykin, Tess’ (The Last Templar) 338
Chinon Parchment 227–8, 229–33, 231 illus, 252, 356
chivalry 167–8
Chrétien des Troyes 253–5, 329
Christian Church 41–2
Christian heresy 59–62, 146–9
Christian sects 150
Chronicle of Ernoul (12th c.) 171, 176–7
Church of the Holy Sepulchre 43, 68, 69 illus, 70, 288–90, 289 illus
Church of the Nativity 43
Clairvaux monastery 100
Clement V, Pope
in fiction 335, 336
and Hospitallers 244
inquiries into the Templars 224–33, 234–6, 251–2
and Philip IV 213–14, 215 illus, 224–6, 226–7, 231, 235
Columbus, Christopher 248
Compostela 117, 313
Conrad III, King of Germany 116, 120–24
Conrad of Montferrat, King of Jerusalem 152
conspiracy theories 252, 265–82
Constance (1982) 330
Constantine, Emperor (the Great) 41, 43, 45–7, 288
Constantinople 45–6, 238
Convent do Cristo 315–16
Cooper, Robert 269, 352
Copts 59–60, 66
‘Cotton’ (The Templar Legacy) 338
Council of Chalcedon 59
Council of Clermont 73–7
Council of Lyons 197, 209
Council of Nicaea 47
Council of Troyes 101–3
Council of Vienne 234–5
Cressing Temple, Essex 322–3, 322 illus
Cromwell, Oliver 266
cross
as symbol for Crusaders 77, 81, 104
see also True Cross
Crusader states see Outremer
crusades
First Crusade 74–6, 77–8, 81–6
Second Crusade 114–16, 119–24, 120 illus
Third Crusade 181–4
Fourth Crusade 184–5
Fifth Crusade 185
Sixth Crusade 186–8
Seventh Crusade 192–3, 193 illus
Albigensian Crusade 148, 185
cross as symbol 77, 81, 104
early Christian 63–5
Easter 1019 massacre 95, 96
hazards 94–6
historical sources 349
origin of term 80–81
People’s Crusade 78–80
The Crusades Trilogy (1998–2000) 335
Cyprus
history 183, 203–4
and Templars 183, 203–4, 208, 250
The Da Vinci Code (2003) 270, 325–6, 331, 336
daily routine of the Templars 102
Damascus 58, 65, 121–3, 187, 189–90
Damietta 185
Dante 59–60, 221, 252
David, King of Israel 25–8, 290, 293
‘de Bois-Gilbert, Brian, Sir’ (Ivanhoe) 330, 333, 340
De Expugatione Terrae Sanctae per Saladinum (12th c.) 172–3, 174, 177
De Laude Novae Militae (Bernard of Clairvaux) 103–4
De Occulta Philosophia (1531) 257
Dead Sea scrolls 36
al-Din Al-Hanbali, Mujir 54
Diniz, King of Portugal 246, 315
Dome of the Rock
capture by Saladin 179–80
site of 27
structure and decoration 54 illus, 57, 57
illus, 291–4
Temple of the Lord 91, 155, 157, 293
underground cavern 159–61, 160 illus, 293–4, 294 illus
Draper 129, 157
Druids 267
Druon, Maurice 330, 333, 344
Durrell, Lawrence 330
Eco, Umberto 252, 282, 330–31, 335
Edessa 92, 112, 113–14, 115, 168
Edge of Darkness (TV) 344
Edict of Toleration 41, 43
Edward, Prince (Edward I of England) 195
Edward I, King of England 142, 210, 214
Edward II, King of England 244–5, 320
Egypt
agreement with Frederick II 187–8
Amalric’s invasion 161–4
Coptic Church 59–60, 66
and Crusades 185, 192–3
success at La Forbie 191–2
Eleanor of Aquitaine 253
Enlightenment 260–61
Ernoul 171, 177
Eschiva, Countess of Tripoli 172
Ethiopia 337
Etienne of Suisy 229–30
Eugenius III, Pope 104, 114, 116, 119
Eulogian Club 280
Everard des Barres, Master of the Temple in France 120, 121
Ezekiel’s Temple 20
The Falcon (galley) 203
Fatimids 66, 67, 83, 86
Ferdinand of Aragon 246
fiction
modern Templar themes 329–40
mythological literature 253–5, 329
films, Templar themes 340–44
finances of the Templars 101, 109, 130–32
financial services 119, 140–42, 144
fortresses see castles and fortresses
Foucault’s Pendulum (1988) 252, 282, 330–31, 335
founding members of the Templars 95–6, 98, 108–9
Frale, Barbara 232, 238
France 307, 308 see also Paris Temple
Franklin, Benjamin 273, 275
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor 185–8
Freemasonry
in Britain 262, 263 illus, 268
in France 262–4
in Germany 264
information sources 351–2, 358
initiation ritual 277
link to the Templars 262–70
origins 259, 261
in Scotland 265, 268–70
‘traditional history’ 269
and United States 273–6, 279, 280
French monarchy
financial association 141, 144
support for Outremer 197
French Revolution 265–7
Fulcher of Chartres 75, 92
Fulk, King of Jerusalem 112
Fulk V, Count of Anjou 96, 99
Fulk of Villaret, Grand Master 214–15
Galilee 170–71
Gama, Vasco da 246–7, 248
gaming, Templar themes 346
Gassicour, Charles de 265–6, 278
Gaza 132, 178
Geoffrey Bissot 108
Geoffrey of Charney, Master of Normandy 230, 236–8, 310 illus
Geoffrey of Gonneville, Master of Poitou and Aquitaine 230, 236–7
Gerard of Ridefort, Grand Master
acclaim upon death 182–3
battle of Hattin 173, 176
elected 169
and Springs of Cresson disaster 171, 173, 177
surrender of Gaza 178
Glastonbury 117
Gnosticism 148–9, 357–8
Godfrey of Bouillon 78, 84 illus, 85, 88 illus, 91, 167
Godfrey of Saint-Omer 95, 101
Golgotha (Calvary) 68, 288
Gondemar (knight) 109
Grail see Holy Grail
Grand Chapter 129
Grand Master 104, 129, 152, 157
Assassins’ view of 152
Grave Digger (band) 346
Gregory the Great, Pope 96
Gregory VII, Pope 71–2
Gregory IX, Pope 186–7
Gualdim Pais, Grand Master of Portugal 314, 316
Guibert de Nogent 75, 76–7, 78
Guillou, Jan 335
Gunther, bishop of Bamberg 70
Guy of Lusignan, King of Jerusalem 169–70, 171–5, 177, 204
Hadrian, Emperor 294
al-Hakim, Caliph 70, 96, 289
HammerFall (band) 346
al-Haram al-Sharif see Temple Mount
Hattin, battle of 170–77, 175 illus
al-Hawari 176
Helena, Empress 43–4, 288
Henry Ffykeis 235
Henry the Navigator, Prince 246, 247 illus, 248, 315, 316
Henry I, King of England 101
Henry II, King of Cyprus 200–201
Henry II, King of England 253, 319
Henry VIII, King of England 243, 320
Heraclius, Emperor 48
Heraclius, Patriarch of Jerusalem 169, 178, 319
Hereford Cathedral 318
heresy
charge against the Templars 218–38
early Christian 59–62
historical sources 351
medieval 145–9, 209
Herod the Great’s Temple 17, 19, 24 illus, 290, 294, 296
Hiram, King of Tyre 20, 33–4, 258
Hiram (Abiff) (widow’s son) 37–8, 258–9, 277, 278 illus
The Hiram Key (1997) 270, 271, 352
Historia Rerum in Partibus
Transmarinis Gestarum (William of Tyre) 107, 108 illus
historical sources
alternative Templar history 352
Bible 19–22
crusades 349
Freemasons 351–2
heresies 351
Holy Grail 351
Israel 21, 25
Jerusalem and Temple Mount 350
Middle East 350
pilgrimages 348
Pope Urban II’s speech 75–7
Templar activity 98–9, 106–110, 136, 249–50, 347–8, 350
the Templars and Saladin 176–7
see also Bible; Koran
History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea (William of Tyre) 107, 108 illus
History of Free Masonry (1859) 269–70
History of the World (1614) 276
The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail (1982) 270, 329, 330, 343, 353
Holy Grail 44, 254–5, 254 illus, 351, 357
in fiction 253–4, 255, 329, 336
in film 342
Honorius II, Pope 100
Honorius III, Pope 219
horses 97, 98 illus, 102, 128, 131, 158–9
see also Stables of Solomon
Hospitallers see Knights Hospitallers of St John
Hubert de Pérraud, Visitor 232
Hugh, Count of Champagne 100–101
Hugh of Pairaud, Visitor 223, 230, 236–7
Hugh of Payns, Grand Master 95–6, 99–101, 289–90, 319
Hulagu (Mongol leader) 210
Hussein (Mohammed’s descendent) 67
Iberian peninsula, and Templars 105–6
Ibn al-Arabi 86
Ibn al-Faqih 160, 293
Ibn Jubayr 153
Ibn Khaldun 190
Ile des Javiaux, Paris 311
Imad al-Din (Saladin’s secretary) 176, 177, 184
In Praise of the New Knighthood (Bernard of Clairvaux) 103–4, 194
Indiana Jones film trilogy 341–2
Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade 331
Raiders of the Lost Ark 36
initiation ceremony
Freemasons 277
Knights Templar 218, 218 illus, 220, 228–9, 233
Innocent II, Pope 104
Innocent III, Pope 148
Inquisition 219, 222, 222–3, 224, 226
Isabella of Castile 246
Islam
battle of Lepanto 242–3
direction of prayer 52, 56
divisions within 93, 149–50
early Christian view of 61–2
hegira/migration 48, 52
historical sources 51, 53–6
Islamic imperialism 58–9, 65–6
jihad/holy war 53
Shia 66–7, 150, 209
and Solomon 30–31
Sunni 66–7, 71, 150, 209
Ismail, of Damascus 189–90
Ismaili movement 150
see also Assassins
Israel 25, 286
historical sources for 21, 25
Israelites 23–4
Itinerarium Regis Ricardi (c.1191) 171, 177, 182
Ivanhoe (1819) 328, 330, 332, 345
Jachin (pillar) 37, 38 illus, 258
Jacobite Church 59–60
Jacobus de Voragine 118
Jaffa 84, 178, 182
Jaime II, King of Aragon 245–6, 311
James of Molay, Grand Master
desire for new crusade 210, 215–16
fictionalised 330, 331, 333, 339
and French royal family 216
inauguration 208 illus
on initiation ceremonies 228
myths after death 264, 265, 266 illus
Papal absolution 229–33
sentencing and death 236–8, 237 illus, 265, 310 illus, 311
trial 216, 223–4, 226
on unification with Hospitallers 215–16
al-Jebel, Sheikh 151
Jebusites 23
Jecks, Michael 331
Jefferson, Thomas, President 273
Jeremiah 35, 36
Jerusalem, city of
capture by Saladin 178–80
Church of the Holy Sepulchre 43
city walls 287–8
and Crusades 83–6, 90
map, 288
early history 22–30, 29 illus, 31–2, 39–40, 64 illus
Fatimid control 83, 96
and Frederick II 187–8
historical sources 350
and Islam 56–7
Islamic conquests 49–50, 53–4, 190, 288
Islamic Museum 297
sacred origins 22–3
see also Church of the Holy Sepulchre; Temple Mount
Jerusalem, Kingdom of
and Crusaders 91, 132
extent of 92
and Saladin 165–80
Templar Commander 129
Jewish Essenes 264
Jews, in Europe 267
John, King of England 141, 143, 319
John the Baptist 68, 264
John of Brienne, King of Jerusalem 185, 186
John Comyn, Lord of Badenoch 245
John of Damascus 60
John Tzimiskes, Emperor 65
John XXII, Pope 246
Johnson, George Frederick 264–5
Joscelyn II, Count of Edessa 114
Joseph of Arimathea 68, 117
Journal of Medieval History, Chinon Parchment 232
Kamal al-Din 153
al-Kamil, Sultan of Egypt 185, 187
Kerry, John 281
Khorezmians 190, 191, 290
Khoury, Raymond 338
Kingdom Of Heaven film 343–4
Knight, Christopher 271, 339, 352
Knights of the Cross album 346
Knights Hospitallers of St John
archives 250
in England 320
foundation 96
and Malta 242–3
nature of 130
and Rhodes 215, 216, 242, 243 illus, 244
in Spain 105
tarnished reputation 243
and the Templars 163, 214–16, 236, 323
Knights Templars see Templars
Kolossi castle 249 illus
Koran 55–6
Koran 4:171 55, 292
Koran 17:1 30, 56, 291, 295
Koran 22:39–40 30
Koran 27:17 30
Koran 38: 35–36 30
Krak des Chevaliers castle 126 illus, 134, 181, 195, 200, 304–5, 305 illus
Kurtz, Katherine 331
La Feve castle 134–5, 170–71
La Forbie 191–2
Labyrinth (2005) 336–7
Lancelot, the Knight of the Cart (12th c.) 253
Landolfo Brancacci 229–30
‘Langdon, Robert’ (Angels and Demons) 276
The Last Knight (TV) 345
The Last Templar (2005) 331, 338
The Last of the Templars (1972) 330, 334–5
Latakia 200
Latin Rule of the Templars 101–2
Laurie, Alexander 269–70
Le Tombeau de Jacques Molay (1796) 265
Legenda Aurea (Jacobus de Voragine) 118–19
Leigh, Richard 342, 352
L’Enfant, Pierre Charles 275
Leo X, Pope 332
Leopold, Duke of Austria 185
