173
Simonds to Booth, Franklin, Pa., Dec. 7 and Dec 31, 1864, 2/313–16 and 325–29, NA M599.
174
Titusville (Pa.) Herald, Aug. 22, 1934.
175
McLauren, Sketches in Crude-Oil, p. 105.
176
Pittsburg Dispatch, April 20, 1890.
177
New York Clipper, Jan. 21, 1874; MacCulloch, “This Man Saw Lincoln Shot,” p. 115.
178
Ellsler, “Stage Memories,” p. 113.
179
St. Louis Post-Dispatch, May 12, 1881.
180
Otis Skinner, The Last Tragedian (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1939), p. 136.
181
Arthur W. Bloom, Joseph Jefferson: Dean of the American Theatre (Savannah: Frederic C. Beil, 2000), p. 185.
182
Mary Ann Booth to Edwin Booth, New York, N.Y., June 10, 1862, Hampden-Booth Theatre Library, the Players; undated diary entry of English traveler, Catalogue 315 (1994), Henry Bristow of Ringwood, Hants, England.
183
Woodruff, “McCullough,” pp. 537, 643 n212.
184
New York Herald, Nov. 1, 1903.
185
St. Louis Republic, Aug. 4, 1901.
186
Frank E. Jerome, “Recollections of J. Wilkes Booth in Leavenworth, Kansas, in December, 1863,” manuscript (1886), Kansas State Historical Society Library, Topeka.
187
Chicago Inter Ocean, Aug. 27, 1893.
188
1884 Townsend interview; Mathews: Boston Sunday Herald, April 11, 1897.
189
Detroit Free Press, April 17, 1883.
190
Simonds to Booth, Franklin, Pa., Dec. 7, 1864, and Feb. 21, 1865, 2/309–29, NA M599.
191
Philadelphia Inquirer, April 18, 1865; “The Great Tragedy!” clipping, n.p., April 17, 1865, Booth Scrapbook, Fawcett Theatre Collection, Hodges Library, University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
192
Chicago Post, April 16, 1865. There is no evidence Booth ever married.
193
Washington Post, July 17, 1904; Cleveland Plain Dealer, Dec. 2, 1863.
194
Rhodehamel and Taper, “Right or Wrong, God Judge Me,” p. 130.
195
Baltimore American, June 8, 1893; Barbee, “Lincoln and Booth,” p. 1059; Ford account, n.d., Mahoney Papers, HSHC.
196
Townsend, “Crime of Lincoln’s Murder.”
CHAPTER 7. MISCHIEF, THOU ART AFOOT
1
The meeting was held on or about August 9, 1864. Arnold, statement, April 18, 1865, in Baltimore American, Jan. 18, 1869; Arnold, statement, Dec. 3, 1867, Benj. F. Butler Papers, Manuscript Division, LOC; Arnold’s narrative history written in the 1890s and published in installments in the Baltimore American, Dec. 7–20, 1902. These three documents are available in Kauffman’s lucidly edited edition of Arnold, Memoirs of a Lincoln Conspirator. Arnold’s Defence and Prison Experiences of a Lincoln Conspirator (Hattiesburg, Miss.: Book Farm, 1943), printed directly from the original manuscript, contains a few introductory remarks by Arnold edited out of the 1902 newspaper series, but it lacks the valuable 1865 statement or any explanatory notes. Willie Arnold and the Holliday in John T. Ford, statement, April 28, 1865, 5/455, NA M599; Merchants’ Exchange Reading Room Record Books, Arrivals, vol. 20, MdHS.
2
New York World, May 19 and June 2, 1865; Robert G. Mowry, statement, April 17, 1865, 3/508–12, NA M599; Percy E. Martin, “Baltimorean in Big Trouble: Samuel Arnold, a Lincoln Conspirator,” [Baltimore County Historical Society] History Trails, vol. 25, pt. 1 (Autumn 1990), pt. 2 (Winter 1990–91), and pt. 3 (Spring 1991), pp. 1–12; Martin, “Sam Arnold and Hookstown,” History Trails, vol. 16 (Summer 1982), pp. 13–16.
3
The Trial of the Assassins and Conspirators at Washington City, D.C., May and June, 1865, for the Murder of President Abraham Lincoln (Philadelphia: T. B. Peterson & Bros., 1865), p. 21; Nettie Mudd, ed., The Life of Dr. Samuel A. Mudd (New York and Washington: Neale, 1906), p. 295.
4
“Abstract from monthly returns of the principal U. S. military prisons,” July 1864, in OR, ser. 2, vol. 8, p. 997; Benjamin P. Thomas and Harold M. Hyman, Stanton: The Life and Times of Lincoln’s Secretary of War (New York: Knopf, 1962), pp. 371–75; William A. Tidwell, James O. Hall, and David Winfred Gaddy, Come Retribution: The Confederate Secret Service and the Assassination of Lincoln (Jackson and London: University Press of Mississippi, 1988), pp. 145–49.
5
St. Louis Post-Dispatch, May 17, 1903; Clarke, Booth, p. 110.
6
W. W. Goldsborough, The Maryland Line in the Confederate Army, rev. ed. (Baltimore: Guggenheimer, Weil, 1900), p. 203. One of Johnson’s officers, C. Irving Ditty of the lst Maryland Cavalry, CSA, asserted after the war that he knew nothing of any Booth association with this plan. Philadelphia Weekly Press, March 13, 1880.
7
Henry Watterson, “Marse Henry”: An Autobiography, 2 vols. (New York: George H. Doran, 1919), vol. 1, p. 76.
8
New York Times, Nov. 1, 1859.
9
Washington Evening Star, Dec. 7, 1870.
10
Cincinnati Commercial, Oct. 20, 1868.
11
Matthew Pinsker, Lincoln’s Sanctuary: Abraham Lincoln and the Soldiers’ Home (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2003), p. 5; minutes of May 30, 1859, and letter of Lorenzo Thomas to Sec. of War Edwin Stanton, May 21, 1862, “Records of the Board of Commissioners, Soldiers’ Home,” vol. 1 (1851–77), pp. 177, 190–92, consulted at the ADMIN Building, Soldiers’ Home, Washington, D.C. In 1864 Lincoln lived here from early July until sometime after mid-October.
12
Kauffman, Memoirs of a Lincoln Conspirator, p. 42.
13
Henry T. Louthan, “A Proposed Abduction of Lincoln,” Confederate Veteran, vol. 11 (April 1903), pp. 157–58.
14
Walt Whitman, “Washington in the Hot Season,” New York Times, Aug. 16, 1863.
15
Smith Stimmel, “Experiences as a Member of President Lincoln’s Body Guard, 1863–65,” North Dakota Historical Quarterly, vol. 8, pt. 2 ( Jan. 1927), p. 13.
16
New York Times, April 6, 1887. Despite this assertion, Lincoln continued to get out on his own from time to time.
17
Littleton Newman, testimony, May 18, 1865, in Benn Pitman, comp., The Assassination of President Lincoln and the Trial of the Conspirators (New York: Moore, Wilstach & Baldwin, 1865), p. 239.
18
Clarke, Booth, p. 84.
19
H. D. McLean, M.D., “Erysipelas,” and R. B. Tunstall, M.D., “Erysipelas: Symptoms and Treatment,” both manuscripts, n.d. [Philadelphia, ca. 1857], author’s collection.
20
Booth to Sumner, New York [Aug. 27 or 28, 1864], in Rhodehamel and Taper, “Right or Wrong, God Judge Me,” p. 117.
21
J. B. Booth Jr., diary, Aug. 28, 1864, Folger Shakespeare Library. Erysipelas had a typical duration of ten to fourteen days. Robley Dunglison, A Dictionary of Medical Science (Philadelphia: Henry C. Lea, 1874), p. 374.
22
Clarke, Booth, pp. 118–19; Samuel K. Chester, testimony, May 12, 1865, in Poore, The Conspiracy Trial, vol. 1, p. 44.
23
Badeau, “Dramatic Reminiscences,” St. Paul and Minneapolis Pioneer Press, Feb. 20, 1887; Alford, “Wonderful and Mysterious,” p. 12.
24
Clarke, Booth, p. 84; Chester, statement, 4/140–70, NA M599.
25
Boston Evening Journal, April 15, 1865.
26
Thomas Y. Mears and wife to Joseph H. Simonds et al., September 29, 1864, Deed Book Z, p. 309; J. Wilkes Booth et al. to Junius B. Booth, Oct. 21, 1864, Deed Book CC, pp. 365–66, Office of the Register and Recorde
r, Venango County Courthouse, Franklin, Pa. The Oct. 29, 1864, deed to Junius is in the Pearce Civil War Collection, Navarro College, Corsicana, Texas.
27
Titusville Morning Herald, June 14, 1865.
28
Simonds to Capt. D. V. Derickson, Franklin, April 25, 1865, 2/738–40, NA M599; Simonds, testimony, May 13, 1865, in Poore, The Conspiracy Trial, vol. 1, pp. 39–42.
29
Booth to Moses Kimball, St. Joseph, Mo., Jan. 2, 1864, in Rhodehamel and Taper, “Right or Wrong, God Judge Me,” p. 93.
30
Miller, Booth in the Pennsylvania Oil Region, p. 69–70, which also recounts the Caleb Marshall incident.
31
“That Oil Company Joe S[imonds] and myself started …. has gone up fine,” Booth bragged to Orlando Tompkins from Washington on February 9, 1865. “Stock to day instead of being $1000, is $15000, per share.” Letter courtesy of Richard and Kellie Gutman.
32
Washington Union, April 15, 1865.
33
Louis J. Mackey interview with Sarah Dodd (1894), Mackey Papers, Drake Well Museum.
34
W. H. F. Gurley, U.S. Consulate at Quebec, to Edwin Stanton, June 7, 1865, 7/228, NA M599; Montreal Telegraph, quoted in Quebec Gazette, April 24, 1865; Quebec Gazette, June 7, 1865; New York Clipper, July 1 and 29, 1865; Quebec Morning Chronicle, July 17, 1865; New York Times, April 18, 1890.
35
J. B. Booth Jr., statement, n.d. [Spring 1865], 4/117–20, NA M599.
36
New York Daily Graphic, March 22, 1876; Minneapolis Tribune, July 1, 1878.
37
Potter to William Seward, Montreal, March 31 and April 27, 1865, Letters of the U.S. Consul at Montreal, roll 6, T222 (microcopy), NA. John W. Headley, Confederate Operations in Canada and in New York (New York: Neal, 1906), is the account of an important rebel agent.
38
A copy of a portion of the guest register of the St. Lawrence Hall, Oct. 18, 1864, containing Booth’s signature, is found in the Charles Bromback Collection, Manuscript Division, LOC.
39
Montreal Star, Feb. 12, 1902.
40
“When Wilkes Booth Was in Montreal,” Montreal Star, Dec. 6, 1902, mentions cards with Westcott, billiards with Dion, the “Redcoat” comment, and Booth’s scattering silver.
41
Montreal Star, March 8, 1902; Toronto Globe, May 8, 1865.
42
Hosea B. Carter, testimony, in Poore, The Conspiracy Trial, vol. 2, pp. 405–9; Harriette E. Noyes. A Memorial of the Town of Hampstead, New Hampshire. Historic and Genealogic Sketches (Boston: George B. Reed, 1899), vol. 1, pp. 339–41; Concord Monitor, March 31, 1900. Randall A. Haines generously shared his insights into Sanders’s career. See his article “The Revolutionist Charged with Complicity in Lincoln’s Death,” Surratt Courier, vol. 13 (Sept. 1988), pp. 5–8, and (Oct. 1988), pp. 7–10.
43
John Devenny [sic], statement, April [n.d.] 1865, 4/264–69, NA M599; Poore, The Conspiracy Trial, vol. 1, pp. 34–37. Kieran McAuliffe kindly provided me with the proper name for Dolly’s, rendered Jolly’s and Dowley’s in 1865 sources. Sala in Toronto Globe, May 10, 1865.
44
Peggy Robbins, “The Greatest Scoundrel,” Civil War Times Illustrated, vol. 31 (Nov.–Dec. 1992), pp. 54ff.
45
Statement of Alfred E. Penn [pseudonym?], 7/419ff., NA M599.
46
New York Tribune, May 22, 1865. Similarly, Sanders and Beverly Tucker declared in a joint letter that “we have no acquaintance whatever with Mr. Booth or any of those alleged to be engaged with him. We have never seen or had any knowledge in any wise of him or them, and he has never written us a note or sought an interview with us.” Montreal Evening Telegraph, May 5, 1865.
47
Iles, “John Wilkes Booth,” manuscript (1935), Kimmel Collection, Macdonald-Kelce Library, University of Tampa.
48
New York Times, May 7, 1865; Chicago Times, May 10, 1865.
49
Robert A. Campbell, testimony, in Poore, The Conspiracy Trial, vol. 2, pp. 83–89.
50
John C. Thompson, testimony, in Poore, The Conspiracy Trial, vol. 2, p. 269; Minneapolis Tribune, July 1, 1878.
51
Clarke, Booth, pp. 84, 116, 119.
52
Clarke, Booth, p. 88.
53
Charles L. Wagandt, The Mighty Revolution: Negro Emancipation in Maryland, 1862–1864 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1964), pp. 256–61; Robert J. Brugger, Maryland: A Middle Temperament, 1634–1980 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1988), pp. 807–8.
54
Roy P. Basler, ed., The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln, 8 vols. plus index vol. (New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press., 1953–55), vol. 7, pp. 301–3; Baltimore American and Washington Evening Star, both April 20, 1864.
55
Townsend, Life, Crime, and Capture, p. 43.
56
Alford, “John Wilkes Booth and George Alfred Townsend,” p. 19.
57
Eaton Horner, testimony, in Poore, The Conspiracy Trial, vol. 1, p. 435; Baltimore American, April 19, 1869.
58
Thomas N. Conrad, The Rebel Scout (Washington: National Publishing, 1904), pp. 62–65.
59
John C. Thompson, testimony, in Poore, The Conspiracy Trial, vol. 2, pp. 268–74; Judith Simms, “My Maryland Heritage: The Ancestry of William Queen” (M.A. thesis, College of Notre Dame of Maryland, 1963). I gladly acknowledge the research of my student Tim Chesser on the Queen and Thompson families.
60
Georgetown College Journal, vol. 23 (May 1895), p. 88.
61
Recollections of her grandson Eugene K. Lloyd in Mudd Society Newsletter, vol. 6 (Oct. 1985), p. 3.
62
“Then and Now” [1864], Mudd Society Newsletter, vol. 15 (Sept. 1994), p 3. Copy of original clipping graciously provided by Danny Fluhart.
63
Mudd, Life of Mudd, p. 65; New York Tribune, June 17, 1883; Richard Washington and Henry Simms, statements, Aug. 31, 1863, Provost Marshal’s Two-Name File, File #6083, RG 109, NA; Mudd to Brownson, Bryantown, Md., Jan. 13, 1862, O. A. Brownson Papers, University of Notre Dame Archives.
64
Thompson, testimony, in Poore, The Conspiracy Trial, vol. 2, p. 271; New York World, May 19, 1865, quoted in Surratt Courier, vol. 24 (Feb. 1999), p. 7; James O. Hall, “That Letter of Introduction to Dr. Mudd,” typescript (1998), p. 3, author’s collection.
65
Baltimore Catholic Mirror, Dec. 17, 1892. The assistance of the Reverend Paul K. Thomas, archivist of the Archdiocese of Baltimore, has been most helpful.
66
New York Daily Graphic, March 22, 1876.
67
Edwin Booth to “my dear friend,” July 23, 1864, Collector, vol. 83 (1970), p. 13.
68
Charles Shattuck, “The Theatrical Management of Edwin Booth,” in The Theatrical Manager in England and America: Player of a Perilous Game, ed. Joseph W. Donohue Jr. (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1971), pp. 143–88.
69
The insights of Prof. Stephen M. Archer are gratefully acknowledged.
70
The playbill, a copy of which is located in the Booth Files, HTC, contains Stuart’s quotations and a cast list. Latin translation courtesy of the High Reverend James L. Woods of Madison, Wisconsin, a friend memor et fidelis.
71
Carrie Alexander, “The Three Booth Brothers in Julius Caesar” (Honors History Paper, Northern Virginia Community College, 1992), has enriched my understanding of that evening.
72
New York Herald, Dec. 29, 1886; New York Times, Dec. 29, 1886.
73
New York Sunday Mercury, Dec. 26, 1886; Stuart biographical file, HTC.
74
“Stories about Booth
from Stuart, His Old Manager,” New York Recorder, n.d. [1893], HTC; Winter, Life and Art of Edwin Booth, p. 71.
75
Pittsburgh Post, June 7, 1893.
76
New York Clipper, Dec. 3, 1864; Brown, A History of the New York Stage from the First Performance in 1732 to 1901, 3 vols. (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1903), vol. 1, p. 460.
77
New York Times, Nov. 28, 1864.
78
Clarke, Elder and Younger Booth, p. 159; Clarke, Booth, p. 87.
79
“Winter Garden—The Shakspere [sic] Benefit,” n.d. [Nov. 26, 1864], Booth Scrapbook, Folger Shakespeare Library; Play Bill, April 21, 1865.
80
Fawcett, “A Memorable Season: Winter Garden, New York, in 1864 & ’65,” Booth Scrapbook, pp. 193–96, Fawcett Theatre Collection, Hodges Library, University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
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