Baker, Newton D., 307, 312, 315, 324, 325, 328
Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act (1985), 584
Balkans, 412, 616–24, 628, 635
Ball, George, 522
Ballistic Missile Early Warning System (BMEWS), 485
Ball’s Bluff, Battle of, 164
Baltimore, 103–104, 121, 159
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, 122–23, 149, 156, 175
Bancroft, George, 120
Banks, Nathaniel, 161, 162, 170–74, 178, 179, 190, 195, 203, 208
Bannock Indians, 225, 226
Barbary pirates, 88, 93
Barney, Joshua, 103
BARREL ROLL, 517, 521
Barron, Samuel, 93
Baruch, Bernard, 316, 324, 345, 356, 388, 445
Baruch Plan, 445
Base system, 288–90, 353, 365
Bataan peninsula, 376
Batangas, 279, 280
Batista, Fulgencio, 494
Battlecruisers, 342, 343
Battlefleet support, 288–89
Battleships, 238–41, 246, 249, 251, 265, 285–89, 292, 305, 321, 342, 343, 350, 351, 364, 370, 375, 397, 407
Bay of Pigs, 504
Bear Flag Revolt, 136
Beauregard, Pierre Gustave Toutant, 142, 152, 156, 157, 166, 167, 169, 176, 210
Beaver Dams, Battle of the, 101
Bell, J. Franklin, 279, 281
Belleau Wood, 331
Belmont, Battle of, 164
Bemis Heights, Battle of, 64
Benson, William S., 288, 319
Benet-Mercie, 297–98
Benteen, Frederick W., 227
Benton, Thomas H., 137
Bentonville, Battle of, 213
Berger, Sandy, 611, 631, 632
Berkeley, William, 18–19
Berlin crisis, 442, 445
Berlin Wall, 503, 590
Bhutto, Benazir, 676
Bin Laden, Osama, 616, 628–33, 636–38, 639–50, 672–73, 679
death of, 676
Bishop, Maurice, 583
BLACK CROW, 554
Black Hawk, 127
Blackhawks, 615
Black Hawk War, 127, 148
Black Kettle, 222
“Black October,” 412
Black Rock, 102
Blacks, 568
in American Revolution, 49, 50, 53, 59, 65
in Civil War, 143, 182–83, 213, 218
integration into armed forces, 452
in Korean War, 469
in post-Civil War army, 218
Reconstruction and, 228–33
in Vietnam War, 526–27, 561
in World War I, 329
in World War II, 382–84
See also Slavery
Bladensburg, Battle of, 103
Blair, Tony, 653
Bliss, William W.S., 131
Blitzkrieg, 372, 374
Blockade, 94, 237, 239
American Revolution, 57
Civil War, 150–52, 164–65, 168, 169, 189, 197–201, 203, 204, 207, 213
Cuban missile crisis, 505–506
Great War for Empire, 38, 41
Mexican War, 135, 139
Spanish-American War, 256, 261
Vietnam War, 534–35, 557
War of 1812, 100, 101
World War I, 310
Board of Navy Commissioners, 109–110, 115
Board of War and Ordnance, 55
BOLERO, 379
Bolling, Raynal C., 333
Bolton, John, 636
Bomarc, 485
“Bomber gap” affair, 481–82
Bombing, 291, 361–63, 673, 674
Afghanistan War, 641, 643, 645–46, 676–77
Balkan campaign, 619–23
Gulf War, 600–603
Iraq War, 657, 658, 663–68
test program (1921), 347–48
theory of, 348
Vietnam War, 517–22, 530–34, 539–43, 551–59, 563
World War I, 321–22, 333
World War II, 378, 406, 408, 409–415, 430–32
Booby traps, 533, 534
Border protection, 630
Bosnia, 613, 617–23, 628
Boston, siege of, 72
Bounties, 42, 53, 186
Boutros-Ghali, Boutros, 609, 613, 614
Boxer Rebellion, 277
Braddock, Edward, 36–38, 40, 41, 52
Bradley, Omar N., 401, 423, 434, 460, 465, 539
Bradley infantry fighting vehicle, 574, 615
Bragg, Braxton, 167, 176–77, 179–80, 192, 194, 196, 197, 205
Brainwashing, 472
Brandy Station, Battle of, 192
Brandywine Creek, Battle of, 63
Brant, Joseph, 71
Breechloading rifles, 114, 115, 224, 237, 238, 240
Breed’s Hill, 58
Bremer, L. Paul III, 628, 663–65, 667
Brett, Sereno, 359
Brezhnev, Leonid, 572
Brezhnev Doctrine, 578
Brigades, formation of, 297
Britain, Battle of, 369
British Expeditionary Force (BEF), 311, 326, 330, 334, 337
British 1st Armored Division, 655
British regulars and colonial militias, 40–43
Brodie, Bernard, 441, 487
Brooke, Arthur, 104
Brooke, John R., 271
Brooke, Sir Alan, 405
Brooklyn Heights, 60, 61
Brown, Harold, 497, 498, 572, 612
Brown, Jacob, 102, 103, 112
Brown, Joseph E., 147, 188
Browning, John M., 297, 298
Brussels Pact (1948), 442, 452
Bryan, William Jennings, 278
Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 572
Buckner, Simon B., 196
Budget and Impoundment Control Act (1974), 568
Buell, Don Carlos, 151, 161–69, 176–78
Buena Vista, Battle of, 137–39
Buffalo, 102, 227
Buford, John, 193
Bulge, Battle of the, 433–34
Bullard, Robert L., 337
Bull Run (First Manassas), First Battle of, 156–58, 161, 164, 174
Bull Run (Second Manassas), Second Battle of, 174–75
Buna campaign, 397, 399
Bundy, McGeorge, 504
Bundy, William, 497
Bunker Hill, Battle of, 58, 59, 60
Bureau of Indian Affairs, 223
Bureau of Navigation, 287
Bureau system, 110–13, 249–50, 315
Burgoyne, John, 58, 63, 64, 68, 70
Burke, Arleigh A., 483, 484
Burma, 374–75, 408, 512
Burma Road, 408
Burnside, Ambrose, 168, 176, 178, 190, 196, 245
Burnside Committee of 1878, 245
Bush, George H. W., 570, 583, 585, 588, 589–605, 606, 607, 608, 613, 619, 627, 628, 633, 650, 651, 666
Bush, George W., 632, 633–72, 676, 678
Iraq War, 650–72
War on Terror, 638–50, 651
Bush, Vannevar, 389–90
Bushnell, David, 73–74
Butler, Benjamin F., 155, 162, 168, 178, 182, 209
Butler, William O., 137
Byrnes, James F., 388
Bywater, Hector C., 354–55
“Cabinet Paper on Iraq” (2002), 653
Caen, 423
Cahokia, 70
Calhoun, John C., 95, 111–13, 119, 131, 141, 242
Callao, Peru, 240
Calley, William L., 559
Calling Forth Act (1792), 83
Camara, Manuel de la, 265–66
Cambodia, 474, 477, 493, 511, 512, 529, 532, 535, 540, 544, 551–56, 565, 571
Cambone, Stephen, 635, 636
Cameron, Simon, 202
Campbell, Archibald, 66
Camp David Accords, 575
Canals, 122, 123
Canal Zone, 284, 301, 347, 358, 361
Cantigny, 330
Cape Breton Island, 31, 39
> Caporetto, 317
Carleton, Sir Guy, 60, 62, 75
Caroline Islands, 340, 396, 406, 418, 419
Carranza, Venustiano, 302
Carriers, 319, 343, 346, 350, 352, 364, 369, 370, 392, 394, 395, 397, 407, 434, 437, 447, 448, 483
Carson, Kit, 136
Cartagena, 32–34, 41
CARTE BLANCHE, 490–91
Carter, Jimmy, 570–76, 577, 616
Carter, William H., 293
Carter Doctrine, 576
CARTWHEEL, 397
Casablanca conference, 401
Casey, George, 666, 667, 668, 669
Casey, William J., 584, 585
Castro, Fidel, 477, 494, 503–506, 592
Casualties, 115, 681, 682
in American Revolution, 58, 62, 75, 681
in Civil War, 75, 151, 157, 168, 173, 174, 176, 179, 183, 184, 191, 194, 196, 205, 209–215, 216 and n., 681
Clinton-era, 613, 614
in Gulf War, 599, 601, 602, 604, 682
in Indian wars, 17, 18
in Iraq and Afghanistan, 661–72, 675–78, 682
in Korean War, 216, 471, 472, 474, 682
in Mexican War, 75n., 136, 140, 141, 681
in Spanish-American War, 265, 269, 280, 681
in Vietnam War, 509, 521, 527, 528, 530–33, 537, 541, 542, 544, 546, 547, 554, 563, 566, 682
in War of 1812, 106, 681
in World War I, 75n., 216, 311, 330, 335–38, 681
in World War II, 75n., 216, 375, 381, 384, 396, 397, 399, 411, 413, 417–21, 427, 434–38, 681
Cavalry, 52, 218, 226–27, 242, 297, 358, 359
in Civil War, 152, 172, 191, 192, 193
Cave-and-bunker defense system, 419, 437
Cavite, 289
Cedar Creek, Battle of, 212
Cedar Mountain, Battle of, 174
CENTCOM, 595–605, 631, 641–42, 644–45, 649–58, 664
Central American War (1979–1992), 591–93
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 449, 451, 477, 480–82, 488, 494, 504, 514, 529, 534, 538, 542, 545, 552, 571, 581, 585, 589, 625, 630–31, 636, 639–44, 651–52, 661, 662, 664, 678
Cerro Gordo, 139, 140
Cervera, Pascual de, 255, 256, 261, 262–66
CFACC, 655–58
CFLCC, 655–61
Chaffee, Adna R., 277, 279, 359
Chalabi, Ahmed, 627, 652, 667
Chamberlain, Joshua, 215
Chamber of Commerce, 315, 322
Chambers, Washington I., 288, 291
Chancellorsville, Battle of, 191–92
Chandler, William E., 245
Chapultepec, Battle of, 140
Charleston, 24, 28, 67, 69, 75, 142, 165, 190, 213, 289
Chateauguay, Battle of, 101
Chattanooga, 169, 176, 177, 196
Chemical and biological warfare, 335, 337, 532, 594–95, 597, 600, 602, 625, 626, 653, 658
Chennault, Claire, 380
Cherokee Indians, 24, 31, 32, 71, 104, 126–27
Chesapeake (frigate), 94, 95n., 100
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, 122, 149
Cheyenne Indians, 128, 222, 225, 226
Chiang Kai-shek, 380, 408, 443, 460, 492
Chickahominy River, 171, 172
Chickamauga, Battle of, 196, 215
Chickasaw Bayou, Battle of, 179
Chickasaw Indians, 24, 71
Chief of Naval Operations, 380, 450
Chief of Staff, 294, 349
China, 124, 277, 284, 285, 289, 339, 340, 343, 354, 364, 430, 443–44, 455–60, 591, 610
China-Burma-India theater, 374–75, 408
Chinese Communists, 443–44, 455–60, 468, 492
Chinese Nationalists, 368, 372, 408, 430–31, 443, 454, 455–56, 458, 460, 474, 478, 492
Chippewa, Battle of, 101–104
Choctaw Indians, 24, 28, 71, 105
Christie, J. Walter, 360
Christopher, Warren, 620
CHROMITE, 458
Chrysler’s Farm, Battle of, 101
Church, Benjamin, 9, 17, 18, 20, 47
Churchill, Winston, 367, 369, 371, 373, 377–79, 391, 396, 401–406, 410, 432
Churubusco, Battle of, 140
Cibicu Creek, 225
Civilian contractors, 676
Civilian Irregular Defense Groups, 514
Civilian Operations and Revolutionary Development Support (CORDS), 536
Civilian work force, 385–86
Civil liberties, 189
Civil-military relations:
colonial, 5
post-Revolution, 77–89
Reconstruction, 228–33
Civil War, 116, 142–217, 222, 228, 243, 290, 337
antiwar movement, 188–89, 207
battles of, 142, 151, 155–64, 165–80, 190–201, 207–216, 222
beginning of, 142
blacks in, 143, 182–83, 213, 218
blockade, 150–52, 164–65, 168, 169, 189, 197–201, 203, 204, 207, 213
border states, struggle for, 156–61
casualties, 75, 151, 157, 168, 173, 174, 176, 179, 182, 184, 191, 194, 196, 205, 209–215, 216 and n., 681
causes of, 142–43
cavalry in, 152, 172, 191, 192, 193
desertion, 205–206, 213, 214
disease, 175, 205, 213, 214, 216
draft, 183–89, 205, 206
of 1861–1862, 142–47
of 1863–1865, 181–217
foreign aid, 147–48, 174, 176, 182, 207
guerrillas in, 152, 159, 161, 214
leadership and officers, 148, 150, 152–56, 161–64, 170, 172, 176, 190–92, 207–210, 212
Lee’s surrender, 214, 228
logistical support, 143–44, 150, 152, 153, 163, 166, 195, 201–205, 210
map of area of operations, 146
mobilization, 143–48, 153–55, 187, 202–205, 219
morale, 148, 152, 175, 180, 195, 201–202, 205–209, 211, 213, 215
navy in, 145, 150, 152, 155, 164–71, 190, 195, 197–201, 212, 219
resources, 143–45
strategy, 149–56, 164–65, 169–70
theaters, 149–50, 158, 160
transportation, 144–47, 149, 150, 151–53, 156, 175, 179, 192, 195, 197–200, 202–204
victory celebrations, 218
Clark, George Rogers, 70–71
Clark, Grenville, 306
Clark, Mark W., 403
Clark, Wesley K., 612, 620, 622, 623
Clark, William, 122
Clarke, Richard, 630, 632, 636, 639
Clarkson, Grosvenor B., 316
Clausewitz, Karl von, 118
Clay, Henry, 95
Clemenceau, Georges, 312, 336
Clermont, 114
Clifford, Clark, 542, 547
Clinton, Bill, 606, 610–12, 613–24, 626–28, 633, 635
Balkan interventions, 616–23
counterterrorism operations, 627–32
Clinton, Henry, 58, 62, 65–67, 69, 75
Closen, Baron von, 53
Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA), 663, 666, 667
Coastal defenses, 110–11, 236–41, 282, 347, 352, 361–63
Coast Artillery Corps, 297
COBRA, 423–24
COBRA II, 655–60
Cochrane, Alexander, 103, 104, 105, 106
Code breaking, 384–85, 390–91, 392, 429
Coffin, Howard E., 314, 316
Cohen, William S., 611, 623
Colby, William, 550, 566
Cold Harbor, 209
Cold War, 440–74, 475–506, 570–71, 578, 581, 584, 684
end of, 569–70, 589, 590, 606, 608, 610
New Look, 478–96
Cole attack, 629–30, 686
Collective security, 441, 443, 444, 475, 477–78, 488
Collins, Ross A., 358
Colombia, 494, 607, 609
Colonial militia, 1–13, 18–19, 29, 32–34, 40–43
diversity of, 6–13
Colonial war
s (1689–1763), 9, 19, 20–44
British regulars and colonial militias, 40–43
Great War for Empire (1689–1763), 34–40, 44, 49, 52
King George’s War, 32–34
King William’s War, 25–27, 28
Queen Anne’s War, 28–30
Colt, Samuel, 115
Columbia River, 123
Comanche Indians, 128, 224, 225, 383
Combat refusals, 561
Combined Action Platoons (CAPs), 529
Combined Bomber Offensive (POINTBLANK), 409–415
Combined Chiefs of Staff, 380–81, 401, 405, 410, 413
Combined Joint Task Force 180, 649–50
Command of the Air (Douhet), 348
Command of the Army Act (1867), 230
COMMANDO HUNT, 517, 553–56
Commerce raiding, 200–201
Committee on Public Information (CPI), 323
Common Sense (Paine), 60
Communications, 113, 115, 150, 151, 283, 298, 354, 358, 390, 421
Communism, 373, 442–44, 458, 474, 475–78, 496, 503–504, 509–511, 570
Korean War and, 453–60, 467–74
See also Cold War
Commutation, 185–86, 188, 189
Concord, 30, 47–48, 50, 59, 64, 80
Confederacy. See Civil War
Confederate Constitution, 144, 147
Confederation Congress, 77–84
Congressional powers, 81–83
Conner, David, 135
Conscription. See Draft
Conscription (Enrollment) Act of 1863, 184–85, 188, 189
Constitution, U.S., 81–83, 97 and n., 217
Constitution (frigate), 95n., 100
Constitutional Convention, 81–82
Containment, 443, 444, 453, 475, 479, 494, 496, 509–510
Continental Army, 50–76, 77–80
“Continental Army Plan,” 306–307
Continental Navy, 73–74, 88–89
Contras, 577, 585, 586, 589, 592
Contreras, Battle of, 140
Controlled Materials Plan, 389
Convention of 1800, 91
Convoy system, 319
in World War I, 319–22
in World War II, 369, 373, 392, 394–95, 399, 429
Conyngham, Gustavus, 73
Coolidge, Calvin, 349
Cooper-Church Amendment, 553, 554
Copperheads, 189, 192, 207
Coral Sea, Battle of the, 377
Corbin, Henry C., 254, 293
Corinth, Battle of, 169, 177
Cornwallis, Lord, 51, 62, 67–70
Corps of Artillerists and Engineers, 88
Corps of Engineers, 93, 110, 301, 437
Corregidor Island, 376
COSVN, 513, 552
COSVN Resolutions 9 and 14, 544
Cotton, 144, 148, 203
Council of National Defense, 307, 315–16
Counterforce capability, 574
“Counterforce-no cities” doctrine, 487
Counterterrorism operations, 627–32, 673–79
Court of Military Appeals, 451
Cowpens, Battle of, 68
Craig, Malin, 356
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