MC 14/2, 491
MC 14/3, 502
McCallum, Daniel C., 145
McChrystal, Stanley A., 677
McClellan, George B., 155–56, 161, 162–65, 169–78, 181, 212, 245
McClernand, John A., 162, 167, 178, 179
McCulloch, Ben, 138
McDougall, Alexander, 77–78
McDowell, Irvin, 156, 161, 171, 172, 173
McFarlane, Robert C., 582
McHenry, James, 91
McKinley, William, 253–54, 257–58, 261, 262, 265–68, 270–75, 277, 279
McLean, Ridley, 288
McNamara, Robert S., 497–506, 519, 520, 522, 526, 529, 538, 547
McPeak, Merrill, 599
Meade, George G., 192–94, 208, 211, 218
Meagher, Thomas, 162
Mechanicsville, Battle of, 173
Mechanization, 359–60, 425
MEDCAPs, 529
Meigs, Montgomery C., 202
Mekong Delta, 510, 513, 535, 556
Memminger, Christopher, 144
Menoher, Charles T., 347
MENU, 552–53
Me–109, 411
Merrill, Lewis M., 232
Merrimack, 155, 199
Merritt, Wesley, 267, 273
Metacomet, 16
Meuse-Argonne offensive, 334–38, 433
Mexican Cession, 121
Mexican Revolution, 283, 302
Mexican War, 108, 128–41, 148
antiwar movement, 130–31, 134, 140
battles of, 130–40
blockade, 135, 139
casualties, 75n., 136, 140, 141, 681
causes of, 128–29
logistical support, 130, 134–35
mobilization, 133–34
officers, 131–33, 134, 135, 137–38
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 141
Mexico City, 139, 140
Meyer, George von L., 288
Midway, Battle of, 374, 377, 406
Midway-class carriers, 448
Midway Island, 237
MiG fighters, 470, 521, 563n., 589
MIKE SHOT, 464
Miles, Nelson A., 227, 250, 254, 263, 266, 267, 270, 293
Military Airlift Command, 494, 503
Military Assistance and Advisory Group (MAAG), 512
Military Assistance Command Vietnam (MACV), 514–16, 519, 523, 525–30, 534, 535, 539–48, 550, 553, 555–58, 565
Military Commission Act (2006), 647
Military education, 93, 117–21, 126, 162, 242–43, 245, 247, 297, 305
“Military-industrial” conspiracy theme, 357
Military Information Division (MID), 247
Military Peace Establishment Act (1802), 92
Military Policy of the United States, The (Upton), 243
Military Sea Transportation Service (MSTS), 525
Military Service Institution, 242, 245
Militia, 234, 235, 243, 248–49, 282–83
in American Revolution, 46, 47–60, 62, 64, 67
in Civil War, 154–56, 184–88
colonial, 1–13, 18–19, 29, 32–34, 40–43
in Mexican War, 133–34, 138
post-Revolutionary, 79–87, 92, 94, 97 and n., 105, 107, 109
in Reconstruction, 229–32
reform, 295–96
volunteer, 5–6, 8, 9, 10, 17–19, 32–34, 40, 46, 121, 133–34, 138, 154–57, 184–88
See also National Guard
Militia Act of 1792, 154
Militia Act of 1862, 184
Militia Act of 1903, 295–96
Militia Act of 1908, 296
Mill Springs, Battle of, 165
Milosevic, Slobodan, 617–23
Mindanao, 418, 419, 435
Minie, Claude E., 114
Minie ball, 114, 215
Minuteman missile, 483, 500
MIRVs, 500, 567, 572–74
Missile Defense Act (1991), 608
Missiles. See Nuclear weapons; specific missiles
Mississippi River, 20, 24, 28, 32, 39, 75, 105, 106, 123, 126–28, 149–52, 161, 164, 167–69, 179, 190, 195, 225
Mitchell, Margaret, 214
Mitchell, William, 333, 346–49, 360
Mk VI exploder, 428
Mk XIV torpedo, 428
Mladic, Ratko, 618, 619, 620
Mobilization, 76, 85, 92, 219, 247, 249, 283, 302, 447
in Civil War, 143–48, 153–55, 187, 202–205, 219
in Gulf War, 596–98
interwar period, 343–49, 355–63
in Iraq War, 654–56, 665–66
in Korean War, 457–58, 459, 464, 465
in Mexican War, 133–34
reform, 292–300, 304–308
in Spanish-American War, 254–59, 270, 271, 274
in Vietnam War, 524–27, 542
in World War I, 304–308, 312–18, 320, 322–30, 338
in World War II, 369–74, 381–91, 403, 407, 426–27
See also Economic mobilization
Moffett, William A., 346, 347
Mogadishu, Battle of, 615–16, 686
Mohawk Indians, 15–16, 23, 31, 71
Mohawk River, 20, 23, 24, 63
Molino del Rey, Battle of, 140
Momyer, William W., 530
Mondale, Walter, 572
MONGOOSE, 504
Monitor, 199
Monmouth Courthouse, Battle of, 65–66
Monongahela River, 37
Monroe, James, 119
Monroe Doctrine, 221, 246, 283, 301
Montcalm, Marquis de, 34, 37, 38, 39
Monterrey, 135–36
Montgomery, Bernard L., 399, 402, 423, 425–27, 433, 436
Montgomery, James, 161
Montgomery, Richard, 59
Montojo, Patricio, 255, 261
Montreal, 25, 27, 29, 30, 38, 39, 59, 97–99, 101, 103
Moore, James, 28
Moore’s Creek Bridge, Battle of, 51, 59
Morgan, Daniel, 68
Morgan, John H., 169
Moros, 303
Morotai, 417
Morrill Act (1862), 305
Morris, Richard, 93
Morris Island, 197
Morristown, 62, 67, 68
Morrow, Dwight W., 349
Morse, Samuel F. B., 113
Mortars, 317, 329, 335, 358, 422, 484
Mosby, John S., 161
Moseley, Samuel, 9
MOSHTARAK, 677–78
Motorization, 298, 358–60, 425
Mountbatten, Louis, 380
Moussaoui, Zacarias, 637–38
MRAP armored vehicles, 680
Mubarak, Hosni, 595, 629, 671
Multiculturalism, 382–83
Mumbai, 673–74
Muqtada al-Sadr, 665, 669, 671
Musa Qala, Battle for, 675
Musharraf, Pervez, 624–25
Muslim Brotherhood, 628
Mussolini, Benito, 368, 402
Musters, 4, 5, 8, 11, 50
Mutinies, 67
Mutual assured destruction, 500, 572
Mutual Defense Assistance Act (1949), 452
Mutual Defense Assistance Program (MDAP), 466
Mutual Security Act (1951), 466
Mutual Security Agency, 466
Muzzleloaders, 114
MX missile, 572, 573, 578, 588
Myers, Richard B., 635
My Lai massacre, 559–60
Mystic River, 15–16, 17
Nagasaki, 439
Nairobi-Dar es Salaam bombings, 629, 630, 631, 686
Najibullah, Mohammed, 624
Namibia, 586
Napalm, 555
Napoleon I, 94, 95, 102, 106, 115, 118, 119, 432
Napoleon III, 221
Narragansett Indians, 16–17, 18
Nashville, 164, 166, 169, 177, 210
Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 493
National Defense Act of 1916, 307, 308, 312
National Defense Act of 1920, 343–45, 355, 356, 358
Natio
nal Guard, 234–35, 248–49, 257–58, 285, 292, 295–99, 300, 303–307, 312–13, 329, 344, 345, 355, 356, 358, 370, 382, 383, 463, 495, 503, 525–26, 598, 656, 666
reform, 295–96
National Guard Association, 235, 295
National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933, 363–64
Nationalism, 81–84, 283
postwar, 108–113
National Liberation Front (NLF), 513, 545, 551
National Photographic Interpretation Center (NPIC), 481, 505
National Reconnaissance Office, 481
National Security Act (1947), 449, 450
National Security Agency (NSA), 480, 631, 639, 651
National Security Council (NSC), 445, 449, 451, 453, 457, 467, 479, 481, 488, 499, 545, 585, 589, 630, 631
Memorandum 68 (1950), 453
“National Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction,” 654
National War Labor Board, 385
Native Americans, 1–19, 31, 80, 108, 121, 122, 123, 218, 238, 274
in American Revolution, 49, 51, 59, 64, 65, 70–71
in colonial wars, 21–43
fixed camps, 224–25
fur trade, 21–25, 28, 41, 45
guerrillas, 6–7, 10–13, 17, 41, 42
Indian campaigns (1866–1890), 222–28
Pontiac’s rebellion, 44, 45
post-Revolution, 80, 81, 84–87, 95, 97, 104–106
removal policy, 126–28
reservation system, 222, 223, 228
Tidewater Wars, 13–15, 18
trade and intercourse laws, 123–24
Treaty of Ghent, 106, 107
in War of 1812, 96, 99, 101, 104–106
in wars with colonists, 9–19
in World War II, 383, 384–85
Navajo Indians, 128, 383, 384–85
Naval Academy (Annapolis), 119, 245
Naval Act of 1794, 88
Naval Act of 1916, 305, 308, 341
Naval Act of 1919, 341–42
Naval Act of 1938, 364
Naval Appropriations Act (1883), 238–40
Naval arms limitations, of interwar period, 349–55
Naval arms race, 286–88, 341
Naval aviation, 291, 292, 299, 321–22, 345–48, 351, 352, 364, 365, 399, 448–50, 471
Naval Militia, 249–50
Naval rearmament, 363–65
Naval War Board, 255
Naval War College, 245–46, 249, 255, 287
Navigation Acts, 44, 45
Navy, Department of the, 91, 109–110, 166, 198, 199, 220, 236–41, 247, 250, 255, 287, 292, 315, 319, 322, 341–42, 347, 349, 386, 447, 683, 684
Navy, Secretary of the, 109–110, 250
Navy League, 287
Navy SEALS, 640, 645, 647, 648, 649
Nelson, Donald M., 388
Neutral Indians, 23, 24
Neutron bomb, 574
Nevins, Allan, 203
“New age” military, 598
New Army, 90, 91
New Britain, 375, 396, 399
Newburgh Addresses, 78
Newburgh Conspiracy, 77–78
NEW DAWN, 682
New Deal, 386
Newfoundland, 30, 31, 39, 75
New Frontier, 497
New Guinea, 375, 376, 397, 399, 407, 417
New Look, 478–96
New Orleans, 32, 39, 97, 102, 104–107, 121, 168–69, 190, 198, 199, 200, 208
Newton, Battle of, 71
New world order, 570, 607
New York, Treaty of (1790), 85
New York City:
antidraft riots (1863), 189
9/11 attacks, 633, 637–39, 650, 651, 673
Nez Perce Indians, 225
Niagara, 36, 37, 38, 71, 102
NIAGARA, 539
Niagara River, 97, 99, 102, 103
Nicaragua, 301, 354, 575, 577, 581, 585, 586, 591–92
Nicholson, Francis, 29, 30
Nimitz, Chester W., 376, 377, 380, 381, 397, 406–408, 415–19, 429
9/11 attacks, 633, 637–39, 651, 672, 673
Nine Power Treaty, 343
9th Air Force, 421
9th Infantry Division, 535
9th U.S. Army, 427, 433, 436
92d Division, 329, 384
Nipmuck Indians, 16, 18
Nisei, 382
Nitze, Paul, 487, 497, 580
Nixon, Richard M., 479, 496, 497
Vietnam and, 507, 509, 544–48, 552–59, 562–65, 568
Watergate scandal, 565, 568
Nol, Lon, 552
Norden bombsight, 361
Noreiga, Manuel, 592–93
Norfolk, Virginia, 60, 155, 156, 171, 198
Normandy campaign, 413, 420–23
Norstad, Lauris, 491
North, Sir Frederick, 50
North, Oliver, 585
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 452–53, 455, 460, 465–67, 474, 476–77, 479, 490–93, 496, 501–502, 506, 511, 520, 527, 566–67, 569, 572, 574, 577, 579, 580, 586, 588, 590, 595, 606, 608, 609, 618–23, 639, 646, 653, 674, 675
Northern Alliance, 624, 625, 631, 638–44, 674
Northern Bombing Group, 322
Northern Frontier (1620–1763), 22
North Korean People’s Army (NKPA), 453–59, 470
Northrop, Lucius B., 204
North Sea mine barrage, 321
North Vietnamese Army (NVA). See People’s Army of North Vietnam (PAVN)
Northwest, 85, 86
military frontier in (1778–1817), 84
Nova Scotia, 35
Nowell, Samuel, 3
NSAM, 516
NSDD 32, 577
NSDD 138, 582
NSDD 238, 577
NSSM #1, 544–45
Nuclear weapons, 440, 612, 625
arms control, 475–79, 486–87, 501, 567, 572–73, 578–80, 590, 607–609, 625–27
atomic bomb, 437–39, 444–47
counterforce capability, 574
deterrence, 441–42, 445–48, 462, 475–506, 567, 572, 578, 611
flexible response, 496–506, 567
hydrogen bomb, 447, 462
massive retaliation, 482, 484, 491, 499, 500
mutual assured destruction, 500, 572
navy and, 447–48, 476, 483–84, 567, 573, 579
neutron bomb, 574
New Look, 478–96
Reagan-era policy, 576–80
Strategic Defense Initiative, 579, 608, 612
testing, 438, 445–46, 464, 486–87, 501
thermonuclear bomb, 464
WMDs, 594–96, 604, 610–11, 626–27, 630, 634, 636, 650–55, 661, 662, 671, 680
Nueces River, 129
Nunn, Sam, 570, 611
Nye Committee, 357
Oakley, Robert, 614, 628
Obama, Barack, 676–80
Odierno, Raymond T., 655, 670
Office of Civilian Supply, 388
Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI), 247, 287
Office of Naval Militia, 249
Office of Price Administration, 388
Office of Scientific Research and Development, 389, 437
Office of Special Plans, 651, 652
Office of War Mobilization, 388–89
Officers, 110–13, 244, 344
in American Revolution, 50–62, 64, 67, 68
in antebellum period, 125–26
career length, 120–21
in Civil War, 148, 150, 152–56, 161–64, 170, 172, 176, 190–97, 207–210, 212
colonial, 4–5, 40–41
in Mexican War, 131–35, 137–38
personnel reform, 248–50
professionalization, 117–21
in War of 1812, 99, 101–105
in World War I, 320, 324, 327–28
Officers Reserve Corps, 307, 344
Oglethorpe, James, 32, 33
Ohio River, 84–85, 86, 161, 174
Ohio Valley, 35, 70–71
Oil, 371, 393, 430, 518–19, 587, 593, 596, 600, 634, 635
, 636, 655
Okinawa, 436–37, 474
Oklahoma City bombing (1995), 630
Old Northwest, military frontier in (1778–1817), 84
“Omaha” beach, 421
Oman, 576, 595
Omar, Mullah, 638, 640, 643, 673, 678
100th Infantry Battalion, 382
101st Airborne Division, 426, 531, 547, 560, 596, 600, 648, 655, 659, 661, 662
Oneida Indians, 23, 71
On War (Clausewitz), 118
Opechancanough, 13–14
Open Door policy, 277, 284, 289, 341
Open Skies proposal, 486
Opequon, Battle of, 212
OPLAN 34A, 516
Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 438, 441, 447
Opium War, 124
ORANGE, 340–41, 350–55, 365, 381
Ord, Edward O. C., 177
Organizations of the Land Forces of the United States, The, 305
Organized Militia, 295–96
Ortega, Daniel, 581, 592
Osgood, Robert E., 491, 496
Otis, Elwell S., 273–77, 278
Ottawa Indians, 23, 44–45
Ottoman Empire, 339, 660
Outpost (Mahan), 119
OVERLORD, 405, 406, 420
Overman Act (1918), 324
P–38 Lightning fighter, 412
P–47 Thunderbolt fighter, 412
P–51 Mustang fighter-bomber, 412
Pacific Fleet, 373–77, 428–30
Paine, Thomas, 60
Paixhans, Henri-Joseph, 116
Pakenham, Sir Edward, 105, 106
Pakistan, 444, 493, 575, 587, 624–25, 628, 629, 630, 631, 640, 641, 672, 673–78
Palestinians, 581, 582, 586, 588, 628
Palmer, John McAuley, 344
Palmerston, Henry, 174
Palo Alto, Battle of, 130
Panama, 581, 592–93, 686
Panama Canal, 283, 284, 289, 292, 301, 350, 575
Pan Am Flight 103, 588
Panetta, Leon, 612
Panic of 1819, 109, 112
Panzers, 372, 415, 420, 422, 423, 426, 433, 434, 502
Paris, 330–31
Paris, Peace of (1763), 39, 43
Paris, Peace of (1783), 75
Paris, Treaty of (1898), 268, 273, 274, 300
Paris Peace Accords (1973), 564, 565
Park Chung-hee, 575
Participation and losses, major wars, 1775–2012, 681–82
Partisan Ranger Act (1862), 161
Pas de Calais, 421, 423, 424
Pashtuns, 624, 625, 641, 643, 644, 649, 672–75
Patrick, Mason M., 333, 348–49, 361
Patriot Act (2001), 639
Patriot missile, 602, 603, 657, 658
Patterson, Robert, 137, 156, 161, 449
Patton, George S., Jr., 358, 401, 402, 423, 427, 434
Pawnee Indians, 226
Peace movements. See Antiwar movements
Peace of Amiens, 94
PEACE SHIELD, 587
Peach Tree Creek, Battle of, 211
Pea Ridge, Battle of, 166
Pearl Harbor, 237, 289, 351, 353, 371
Japanese attack on, 373–74, 375
Peleliu, 419
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