by Felix Liao
Ch. 10: The Rarely Addressed Game Changer: The Maxilla
1. Donald H. Enlow, Robert E. Moyers, and William W. Merow, Handbook of Facial Growth (Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co., 1975).
2. Weston A. Price, Nutrition and Physical Degeneration (Lemon Grove, CA: Price-Pottenger Nutrition Foundation, 2008). An earlier version of the book can be read at http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks02/0200251h.html or http://journeytoforever.org/farm_library/price/pricetoc.html.
3. Francis M. Pottenger Jr., Pottenger’s Cats: A Study in Nutrition, 2nd ed. (Lemon Grove, CA: Price-Pottenger Nutrition Foundation, 1995).
4. Sally Fallon, Nourishing Traditions Diet, New Trends Publishing (2003) 2nd ed.
Ch. 12: Better Sleep, Better Health, Better Looks: The Maxilla Triple Win
1. Yu-shu Huang, Stacey Quo, Andrew Berkowski, Christian Guilleminault, Short Lingual Frenulum and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children. International Journal of Pediatric Research 2015, 1:003.
2. Ranji Varghese, Nathan G. Adams, Nancy L. Slocumb, Christopher F. Viozzi, Kannan Ramar, and Eric J. Olson. Maxillomandibular Advancement in the Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea. International Journal of Otolaryngology, Volume 2012 (2012), Article ID 373025, 8 pages: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/373025
3. James A. McNamara Jr., Components of Class II Malocclusion in Children 8–10 Years of Age. The Angle Orthodontist: July 1981, Vol. 51, No. 3, pp. 177-202, Figures 6 and 7.
4. G. Dave Singh and James A. Krumholtz, Epigenetic Orthodontics in Adults (Chatsworth, CA: Smile Foundation, 2009), page 27.
5. G. Dave Singh and James A. Krumholtz, Epigenetic Orthodontics in Adults (Chatsworth, CA: Smile Foundation, 2009), page 27.
6. Baccetti T, McGill JS, Franchi L, McNamara JA, Jr, Tollaro I. Skeletal effects of early treatment of Class III malocclusion with maxillary expansion and face-mask therapy Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.1998;113:333-43.
7. Aelred C. Fonder, “Dental Distress Syndrome Quantified,” Basal Facts 9, no. 4 (1987): 141–167, http://www.betterhealththruresearch.com/OldSite/DDS.pdf.
8. Etsuko Miyao and others, “The Role of Malocclusion in Non-obese Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome,” Internal Medicine 47, no. 18 (2008): 1573–1578, DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.47.0717, PMID: 18797115.
9. Maria Angeles Fuentes and others, “Lateral Functional Shift of the Mandible: Part II. Effects on Gene Expression in Condylar Cartilage,” American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 123, no. 2 (2003): 160–166, DOI: 10.1067/mod.2003.6, PMID: 12594422.
Ch. 13: The Telltale Tongue
1. G. Dave Singh and James A. Krumholtz, Epigenetic Orthodontics in Adults (Chatsworth, CA: Smile Foundation, 2009), page 60; Melvin L. Moss, “The Functional Matrix Hypothesis Revisited: 2. The Role of an Osseous Connected Cellular Network,” American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 112, no. 2 (1997): 221–226, DOI: 10.1016/S0889-5406(97)70249-X, PMID: 9267235.
2. Yu-Shu Huang and others, “Short Lingual Frenulum and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children,” International Journal of Pediatric Research 1, no. 1 (2015), http://clinmedjournals.org/articles/ijpr/ijpr-1-003.pdf.
3. Academy of Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy, “Frequently Asked Questions and Answers in the Area of Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy” (Pacific Palisades, CA: Academy of Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy, 2014).
4. See note 2; Christian Guilleminault and others, “Pediatric OSA, Myo-facial Reeducation, and Facial Growth,” Journal of Sleep Research 21, suppl. 1, (2012): 70.
5. Anna H. Messner and M. Lauren Lalakea, “Ankyloglossia: Controversies in Management,” International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 54, no. 2–3 (2000): 123–131, DOI: 10.1016/S0165-5876(00)00359-1, PMID: 10967382.
6. Irene Queiroz Marchesan, “Lingual Frenum Protocol,” International Journal of Orofacial Myology 38 (2012): 89–103, PMID: 23367525, http://cpal.edu.pe/info/2012 Marchesan Lingual Frenulum Protocol.pdf.
7. Yu-Shu Huang and others, “Short Lingual Frenulum and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children,” International Journal of Pediatric Research 1, no. 1 (2015), http://clinmedjournals.org/articles/ijpr/ijpr-1-003.pdf.
8. Macario Camacho and others, “Myofunctional Therapy to Treat Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis,” SLEEP 38, no. 5 (2015): 669–675, DOI: 10.5665/sleep.4652, PMID: 25348130.
9. Academy of Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy, “Frequently Asked Questions and Answers in the Area of Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy”, Pacific Palisades, CA, Academy of Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy (2014).
Ch. 14: Tongue-tie’s Treachery
1. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Oral Health in America: A Report of the Surgeon General (Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 2000), 10–11, Table 1.
2. Anahad O’Connor, “Sleep Apnea Tied to Increased Cancer Risk,” Well: Tara Parker-Pope on Health (blog), New York Times, May 20, 2012, http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/05/20/sleep-apnea-tied-to-increased-cancer-risk/.
3. F. Javier Nieto and others, “Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Cancer Mortality: Results from the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study,” American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 186, no. 2 (2012): 190–194, DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201201-0130OC, PMID: 22610391.
Ch. 15: Achieving CPAP Freedom
1. Steven Y. Park, “How a Dentist Can Cure Your Sleep Apnea,” Dr. Park’s Sleep Apnea Blog, September 24, 2014, http://doctorstevenpark.com/tag/alf; also author of Sleep Interrupted: A Physician Reveals the #1 Reason Why So Many of Us Are Sick and Tired (New York: Jodev Press, LLC, 2009).
2. Xavier Barceló and others, “Oropharyngeal Examination to Predict Sleep Apnea Severity,” Archives of Otolaryngology — Head & Neck Surgery 137, no. 10 (2011): 990–996, DOI: 10.1001/archoto.2011.176, PMID: 22006776.
3. G. Dave Singh, “Guest Editorial on the Etiology and Significance of Palatal and Mandibular Tori,” CRANIO: The Journal of Craniomandibular & Sleep Practice 28, no. 4 (2010): 213–215, DOI: 10.1179/crn.2010.030, PMID: 21032973.
4. SM Banabilh, AH Suzina, S Dinsuhaimi, AR Samsudin, GD Singh.“Dental Arch Morphology in South-East Asian Adults with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: Geometric Morphometrics,” Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 36, no. 3 (2009): 184–192, DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2008.01915.x, PMID: 19207445.
5. Murray Johns, “What the Epworth Sleepiness Scale Is and How to Use It,” The Epworth Sleepiness Scale, http://epworthsleepinessscale.com/about-epworth-sleepiness/.
6. G. Dave Singh, S. Wendling, and R. Chandrashekhar, “Midfacial Development in Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea,” Dentistry Today, June 30, 2011, 124–127, http://www.dentistrytoday.com/dental-medicine/dental-sleep-medicine/5674-midfacial-development-in-adult-obstructive-sleep-apnea.
Ch. 16: Stem Cell Activation
1. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Oral Health in America: A Report of the Surgeon General (Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 2000), http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/DataStatistics/SurgeonGeneral/sgr/welcome.htm.
2. Vincent G. Kokich, “The Biology of Sutures,” chap. 4 in Craniosynostosis: Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management, ed. M. Michael Cohen Jr. (New York: Raven Press, 1986), 81–103.
3. Lynne A. Opperman, “Cranial Sutures as Intramembranous Bone Growth Sites,” Developmental Dynamics 219, no. 4 (2000): 472–485, DOI: 10.1002/1097-0177(2000)9999:9999<::AID-DVDY1073>3.0.CO;2-F, PMID: 11084647.
4. V. Kokich, “The Biology of Sutures,” chap. 4 in Craniosynostosis: Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management, ed. M. Michael Cohen Jr. (New York: Raven Press, 1986), 94.
5. Cinderella de Pollack and others, “Increased Bone Formation and Osteoblastic Cell Phenotype in Premature Cranial Suture Ossification (Craniosynostosis),” Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 11, no. 3 (1996): 401–407, DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.5650110314
, PMID: 8852951.
6. G. Dave Singh and James A. Krumholtz, Epigenetic Orthodontics in Adults (Chatsworth, CA: Smile Foundation, 2009), 45.
7. G. Dave Singh and James A. Krumholtz, Epigenetic Orthodontics in Adults (Chatsworth, CA: Smile Foundation, 2009), 45.
8. C.A. McCulloch, “Origins and Functions of Cells Essential for Periodontal Repair: The Role of Fibroblasts in Tissue Homeostasis,” Oral Diseases 1, no. 4 (1995): 271–278, DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.1995.tb00193.x, PMID: 8705836.
9. Wen-Lang Lin, Christopher A.G. McCulloch, and Moon-Il Cho, “Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts into Osteoblasts During Socket Healing After Tooth Extraction in the Rat,” The Anatomical Record 240, no. 4 (1994): 492–506, DOI: 10.1002/ar.1092400407, PMID: 7879901.
10. Byoung-Moo Seo and others, “Investigation of Multipotent Postnatal Stem Cells from Human Periodontal Ligament,” Lancet 364, no. 9429 (2004): 149–155, DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16627-0, PMID: 15246727.
11. Jun Isaka and others, “Participation of Periodontal Ligament Cells with Regeneration of Alveolar Bone,” Journal of Periodontology 72, no. 3 (2001): 314–323, DOI: 10.1902/jop.2001.72.3.314, PMID: 11327058.
12. G. Dave Singh and James A. Krumholtz, Epigenetic Orthodontics in Adults (Chatsworth, CA: Smile Foundation, 2009), 278. G.
13. Dave Singh, T.M. Griffin, and R. Chandrashekhar, “Biomimetic Oral Appliance Therapy in Adults with Mild to Moderate Obstructive Sleep Apnea,” Austin Journal of Sleep Disorders 1, no. 1 (2014): 5, http://austinpublishinggroup.com/sleep-disorders/fulltext/ajsd-v1-id1002.php.
14. G. Dave Singh; Tara Griffin; Samuel E Cress Biomimetic Oral Appliance Therapy in Adults with Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Sleep Disorder & Therapy Volume 5 Issue 1 (2016)
15. Liao F, Singh GD. Effects of Biomimetic Oral Appliance Therapy on Epworth Scores in Adults with Obstructive Sleep ApneaJ Dent Sleep Med. 3(3), 98, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15331/jdsm.5996
16. Murray Johns, “What the Epworth Sleepiness Scale Is and How to Use It,” The Epworth Sleepiness Scale, http://epworthsleepinessscale.com/about-epworth-sleepiness/.
Ch. 17: Promoting Children’s Holistic Mouth Development and Full Genetic Expression
1. Yu-Shu Huang and Christian Guilleminault, “Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Critical Role of Oral-Facial Growth: Evidences,” Frontiers in Neurology 3 (2012): 184, DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2012.00184, PMID: 23346072.
2. See note 1.
3. “What Is the Difference Between Epigenetics and Epigenomics?” Epigenesys, http://www.epigenesys.eu/it/public/faq-common/111-what-is-the-difference-between-epigenetics-and-epigenomics.
4. “Epigenomics,” National Human Genome Research Institute, http://www.genome.gov/27532724.
5. Christian Guilleminault and others, “Sleep Apnea in Eight Children,” Pediatrics 58, no. 1 (1976): 23–30, http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/58/1/23, PMID: 934781.)
6. Rakesh Bhattacharjee and others, “Adenotonsillectomy Outcomes in Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children: A Multicenter Retrospective Study,” American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 182, no. 5 (2010): 676–683, DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200912-1930OC, PMID: 20448096.
7. See note 1.
8. Viola M. Frymann, D.O., Relation of disturbances of craniosacral mechanism to symptomatology of the newborn: Study of 1,250 infants. J.A.O.A. 65 (1966), 1059-1075.
9. Christian Guilleminault, Yu-shu Huang, Stacey Quo, Pierre-Jean Monteyrol, Cheng-hui Lin, Teenage sleep-disordered breathing: Recurrence of syndrome, Sleep Medicine 14 (2013) 37–44.
10. Aelred C. Fonder, “Dental Distress Syndrome Quantified,” Basal Facts 9, no. 4 (1987): 141–167, http://www.betterhealththruresearch.com/OldSite/DDS.pdf.
11. Enlow D, Moyers R, Merow W, Handbook of Facial Development, W. Saunders, 1976
12. John Flutter, The Etiology of Malocclusion: http://www.fogvedo.hu/downloads/tudomany_cikk/The_Aetiology_of_Malocclusion%5B1%5D.pdf.
13. Bresolin D, Shapiro PA, Shapiro GG, Chapko MK, Dassel S. Mouth Breathing in Allergic Children: Its Relationship to Dentofacial Development. American Journal of Orthodontics 1983.
14. Egil P. Harvold, DDS Ph.D.,L.L.D.Brittta S. Tamer, DDS, Kevin Varervik, DDS., and George Chierici, DDS - American Journal of Orthodontics Vol 79. No. 4 April, 1981.
15. Rappai M1, Collop N, Kemp S, deShazo R. The nose and sleep-disordered breathing: what we know and what we do not know. Chest. 2003 Dec;124(6):2309-23.
16. Chang MC, Enlow DH , Papsidero M , Broadbent BH Jr , Oyen O , Sabat M, Developmental Effects of Impaired Breathing in the Face of the Growing Child, The Angle Orthodontist, October, 1988, 58(4),309-320.
17. Gill Rapley and Tracey Murkett , Baby-Led Weaning: http://www.amazon.com/Baby-Led-Weaning-Essential-Introducing-Confident/dp/161519021X
18. Dr. Lawrence Wilson, Food Sensitivities or Intolerance.
19. Patrick McKeown, Close Your Mouth: Stop Asthma, Hay Fever, and Nasal Congestion Permanently. Buteyko Books, Galway 2004.
20. Environmental Work Group, Cord Blood Study, July, 2005.
21. Jonathan M.P. Howat, Chiropractic Cranio Fascial Dynamics, Chapter 2. Cranial Communication Systems, Oxford UK 2009.
22. See Note 8.
23. Francis M. Pottenger Jr., Pottenger’s Cats: A Study in Nutrition, 2nd ed. (Lemon Grove, CA: Price-Pottenger Nutrition Foundation, 1995.
Ch. 19: Holistic Mouth Checkup
1. David G. Simons, Janet G. Travell, and Lois S. Simons, “Perpetuating Factors,” chap. 4 in Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual, vol. 1, Upper Half of Body, 2nd ed. (Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1998).
2. Vishesh K. Kanpur and Edward M. Weaver, “Filling in the Pieces of the Sleep Apnea-Hypertension Puzzle,” Journal of the American Medical Association 307, no. 20 (2012): 2197–2198, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2012.5039, PMID: 22618928.
3. Mary L. Adams, MS, MPH, Angela J. Deokar, MPH, Lynda A. Anderson, PhD, Valerie J. Edwards, PhD, Self-Reported Increased Confusion or Memory Loss and Associated Functional Difficulties Among Adults Aged ≥60 Years — 21 States, 2011. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, May 10, 2013 / 62(18);347-350, Div of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC.
4. Angela R. Kamer and others, “Periodontal Inflammation in Relation to Cognitive Function in an Older Danish Adult Population,” Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease 28, no. 3 (2012): 613–624, DOI: 10.3233/JAD-2011-102004, PMID: 22045483.
5. Jana R. Cooke and others, “Sustained Use of CPAP Slows Deterioration of Cognition, Sleep, and Mood in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Preliminary Study,” Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine 5, no. 4 (2009): 305–309, http://www.aasmnet.org/jcsm/ViewAbstract.aspx?pid=27538, PMID: 19968005.
6. Ide M, Harris M, Stevens A, Sussams R, Hopkins V, Culliford D, et al. (2016) Periodontitis and Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease. PLoS ONE 11(3): e0151081. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0151081
7. Dementia is the Most Costly Disease in America, Alzheimer’s Association: http://act.alz.org/site/MessageViewer?dlv_id=101541&em_id=80007.0
Ch. 20: From Teeth To Mouth: The Next Paradigm Shift
1. What Is A Paradigm Shift: http://www.taketheleap.com/define.html
2. Jo-Dee L. Lattimore, David S. Celermajer, and Ian Wilcox, “Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Disease,” Journal of the American College of Cardiology 41, no. 9 (2003): 1429–1437, DOI: 10.1016/S0735-1097(03)00184-0, PMID: 12742277.
3. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FastStats: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/leading-causes-of-death.htm
4. Dementia is the Most Costly Disease in America, Alzheimer’s Association: http://act.alz.org/site/MessageViewer?dlv_id=101541&em_id=80007.0
5. Michael D. Hurd, Ph.D., Paco Martorell, Ph.D., Adeline Delavande, Ph.D., Kathleen J. Mullen, Ph.D., and Kenneth M. Langa, M.D., Ph.D., Monetary Costs of Dementia in the United States. N Engl J Med 2013; 368:1326-133
4April 4, 2013DOI: 10.1056/NEJMsa1204629
6. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Oral Health in America: A Report of the Surgeon General. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 2000. Executive Summary, part IV.
7. Delta Dental Oral Health and Well-Being Survey of 2014. “Survey Finds Shortcomings in Americans’Dental Health Habits,” Delta Dental, Sept. 23, 2014, https://www.deltadental.com/Public/NewsMedia/NewsReleaseDentalSurveyFindsShortcomings_201409.jsp.)
8. See Note 3.
9. See Note 3.
10. National Call to Action to Promote Oral Health, Richard Carmona, MD. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Rockville, MD. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. NIH Publication No. 03-5303, http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/DataStatistics/SurgeonGeneral/NationalCalltoAction/nationalcalltoaction.htm
11. “Diabetes? Heart Disease? Osteoporosis? Your Dentist May Know Before You Do,” Delta Dental, September 2014, https://www.deltadentalins.com/oral_health/dentists-detect.html.No. 03-5303, Spring 2003.
