Cyril, Bishop
Dase, Johann
De Lagny
De Moivre, Abraham
Denumerable set
Descartes, Rene
Diocletian
Diego de Landa
Dinostratus
Diophantus
Dominicus Parisiensis
Dürer, Albrecht
Egyptian value of π
Einstein, Albert
Epicurus
Erastosthenes
Esarhaddon
Euclid
Eudoxos
Euler, Leonhard
Exhaustion principle
Faraday, Michael
Fermat, Pierre
Fibonacci
Fibonacci numbers
Fiore, Antonio
FORTRAN
Four-color problem
Franco von Lüttich
Frederick II of Prussia
Galilei, Galileo
Gauss, Carl Friedrich
Gelder, Jakob de
Gerard of Cremona
Gerbert d’Aurillac
Goldbach, Christian
Goldbach conjecture
Goodwin, E.J.
Gregory, James
Gregory XIII
Gutenberg, Johannes
Halley, Edmond
Heaviside, Sir Oliver
Heisel, C.T.
Henry IV of France
Hermite, Charles
Heron of Alexandria
Hindu values of π
Hippias of Elis
Hippocrates of Chios
Hobbes, Thomas
Hobson, E.W.
Hon Han Shu
Huygens, Christiaan
Hypatia
Indian values of π
Indiana bill for π
Irrational numbers
Japanese series for π
Jimenez, Cardinal
Jones, William
Kazuyuki
Kepler, Johann
Lagrange, Joseph Louis
Lambert, Johann Heinrich
Landa, Diego de
Laplace, Pierre Simon
Latin phrase for π
Legendre, Adrien-Marie
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm
Leonardo of Pisa (Fibonacci)
Leonardo da Vinci
Lever principle
Lindemann, F.
Liouville, Joseph
Liu Hui
Lobachevski, N.I.
Lodge, Sir Oliver
Ludolph van Ceulen
Lune, quadrature of
Machin, John
Magellan, Ferdinand
Marcellus, Claudius
Maria Theresa
Matsanuga
Maya
Menaechmus
Mesopotamia
Mishnat ha-Middot
Molten sea
Monte Carlo method
Napier, John
Needham, J.
Nehemiah
Newton, Sir Isaac
Ozam’s quadratrix
π to 200 decimal places
Pappus
Parker, J.A.
Pascal, Blaise
Pascal triangle
Poisson, Siméon Denis
Periodicity
Plato
Pliny (Gaius Plinius Secundus)
Plutarch
Poems coding π
Poseidonios (Posidonius)
Primes
Probability theory
Proportionality
Ptolemy I
Ptolemy II
Ptolemy III
Ptolemy of Alexandria
Punic wars
Pythagoras
Quadratrix
Raud the Strong
Recorde, Robert
Reductio ad absurdum
Regula falsi
Rhind papyrus
Richter
Riemann, G.F.B.
Robert of Chester
Rooman, Adriaen
Roman Empire
Rudio, F.
Rudolf II of Hapsburg
Rutherford
Safford, Truman Henry
Scaliger, Joseph
Scaliger, Julius
Scipione del Ferro
Schubert, Hermann
Schwartz, Laurent
Shanks, W.
Sharp, Abraham
Siddhantas
Simon, M.
Snellius, Willebrord
Sosigenes
Squaring the circle
Stifel, Michael
Strassnitzky, Schulz von
Sun-Tsu
Supplementary chord
Sylvester II
Syracuse, siege of
Takebe
Tartaglia, Nicolas
Tertullian
Theophilius, Bishop
Thomaso d’Aquina
Torquemada
Torricelli, Evangelista
Transcendence of π
Trisectrix
Tropfke, J.
Tschirnhausen’s quadratrix
Tsin Shi Hwang-Chi
Tsu Chung-Chih
Tsu Keng-Chi
Valens
Valmes
Vasco da Gama
Vega
Viète, François
Vitruvius
Waldo, C.A.
Wallis, John
Weierstrass, Karl Wilhelm
Yucatan, Bishop of
Zeno’s paradoxes
THE FIRST 10,000 DECIMAL PLACES OF π
Reprinted with permission of the publisher
The American Mathematical Society, from
MATHEMATICS OF COMPUTATION
Copyright © 1962, vol. XVI, no. 77, pp. 76-99
Facsimile of the first two pages of the computer print-out obtained by Shanks and Wrench, who programmed an IBM 704 to compute π to 100,265 decimal places in July 1961 (see here).
Copyright© 1971 by THE GOLEM PRESS
All rights reserved. For information, write:
St. Martin’s Press, Inc., 175 Fifth Ave., New York, N.Y. 10010.
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eISBN 9781466887169
First eBook edition: December 2014
* For example, Maria Theresa, empress of Austria (1717-1780), was given the following advice in a note by her personal physician: Ceterum censeo clitorem Vostris Sanctissimae Majestatis ante coitum excitandam esse.
* In a widely used biographical dictionary, we read that “His munificence as a patron of religion, of letters and of art deserves the highest praise.”
A History of Pi Page 19
