by James Tobin
and first aeroplane, 362
and Augustus Herring, 152, 153
and William Karr, 60
and Charles Manly, 140–44
and Richard Rathbun, 79
and wingless aerodrome, 143–44
as author, 51
cost of aerodrome, 192
experiments, 24–25
from Charles Manly, 77–79, 231, 232
fund-raising, 114
hand-held model aerodromes, 22, 23
in Europe, 85–87, 142–43
in South Pacific, 95–100
influence of astronomy on, 9
influence of sun on, 9, 12
lifestyle, 60–61
miracles and science, 99–100
on aerodromes of 1890s, 141
on aerodromes in war, 34
problem solving approach, 231
salary, nonacceptance of, 233
second accident, 197–98
solar eclipses, 11–12
strokes affecting, 242–43, 244
sunspots, 12, 13, 14
testing of aerodrome, 169–70, 171, 181–82, 184–86, 187–88
to Alexander Graham Bell, 25
to Issac Newton Lewis, 157
to Charles Manly, 156–59
to Smithsonian, 20
to Wright brothers, 36
United States Board of Ordnance and Fortification, 57
Langley aerodrome, 179–82, 184–86, 187–89, 391, p. 187
assembly procedure, 143, 179–80
cost of, 192
factor of safety, 140–41
internal combustion engine, 140–41, 166–68
legend surrounding, 361
problem of maintaining balance, 143–44
progress of, 140
second accident, 197–98
testing of, 169–70, 171, 181–82, 184–86, 187–88
Langley Medal, 358, 360
lateral balance, 110. See also roll control
lateral balance improvement, 150
L’Auto, 240, 307
launching derrick, 306, 314
Lee, Robert E., 311
Lefebvre, Eugéne, 359
Le Figaro, 309, 310
Le Mans, France, 337
Le Monde Illustré, 162
Letellier, Henri, 336
Lewis, Isaac Newton, 58, 113
lift, 75, 82, 121, 122, 124, 128, 130, 359
and Langley, 129
as observed in birds, 146, 147
lift balance, 127–28
Lilienthal, Otto, 49–50, 51, 52–53, 253
and balance, 208
and calculations, 122, 123, 129
and John Smeaton, 76
and Wilbur Wright, 75–76
centers of gravity and pressure, 54
gliders, 67
glider and Herring, 152
tables, 107–11
Loening, Grover Cleveland, 347, 348
London Daily Mail, 281, 283, 337
London Times, 263, 310, 323, 340
Long, John D., 30
Lord Kelvin, 251
Louisiana Purchase Exposition (1904), 161, 182
Lower Manhattan, 345
Lusitania, 350
MacGowan, P. H., 281
machine gun invention, 77. See also Maxim, Sir Hiram Stevens
“Man flies!” game, 134, 135
Manhattan, 345
Manly, Charles Matthews, 32–33, 95, 96, 100, 113, 114, 297. See also Langley aerodrome
and Stephen Balzer, 59, 62–63, 72
and Octave Chanute, 154, 157–58
and Samuel Langley, 58, 77–79, 86, 97, 141–44
and Richard Rathbun, 172, 173
as consulting engineer, 232
loyalty to Langley, 231, 232
radial engine for aerodrome, 85–86
soothing note to Langley, 197–98
to Octave Chanute, 157–58, 197
to Samuel Langley, engine, 156–59
visit to see Wright brothers, 239
Maxim, Sir Hiram Stevens, 77–79, 122
and flying-machine engine, 167
and Augustus Herring, 152
and V-shaped wings, 165
McClure’s Magazine, 27, 30, 117–19
McCurdy, Douglas, 270, 271, 272, 287
and Glenn Curtiss, 333
Silver Dart and Cygnet II, 327, 328, 329, 331
McDermid, Neal, 258, 259, 260
McDonald, G. D., 166, 187
McKim, Mead, and White, 356
McKinley, William, 6, 30
McMechan, Thomas, 303
Medina, Ohio, 212
Meigs, General Montgomery, 311
Meiklejohn, Alexander, 30
Meurthe, Henri Deutsch de la, 86, 135, 162, 209, 266
Michelin Prize, 335
Miles, General Nelson, 33, 293, 318, 324
Möet et Chandon, 339
monoplane glider, 50
Montgolfier, Joseph and Etienne, 133, 161
Moore, Johnny, 190
Moore, Thomas, 319–20
Morgan, J. Pierpont, 337
Mouillard, Louis, 52, 54, 66, 115, 161
Mount Vernon Ducking Association, 168, 171
movable tail, 152, 387, p. 152
Mumm, 339
Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, 73
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 365
National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics, 365
Nature, 98
Nevin, Robert, 225–26, 227
Newcomb, Simon, 117, 119–22, 241, 253–54
Newham, Richard, 166
new steering mechanism on Flyer, 280, 284
Newton, Byron, 281, 290
Newton, Sir Isaac, 5
New York American, 281
New York Automobile Show, 242
New York Daily Tribune, 170, 171
New York Harbor, 350
New York Herald, 237–38, 288, 289, 294, 314–15, 318, 329, 340
New York Press, 349
New York Sun, 170
New York Times, 18, 195, 276, 352, 361
Norfolk Virginian-Pilot, 194
Northcliffe, Lord, 337
Oionos, 257, 258
Olney, Richard, 244
Ormond Beach, Florida, 272
ornithopters, 67
Outer Banks of North Carolina, 73
over-water flight, 345
Palisades of New Jersey, 345, 355
Paris Herald, 302, 341
Park Hotel, 348, 356
patents
and Alexander Graham Bell, 329, 330
for Wright Flyer, 265
Pau, France, 327, 335, 337
Peirce, Charles Sanders, 5, 16, 17
Pénaud, Alphonse, 21, 66
Pénaud tail, 158, 167, 168, 188
on aerodrome, 142
Pénaud’s toys, 251
perfected control apparatus, 196
perfect lateral stability, 308
Perry, Israel, 80
Peyrey, François, 306–8
phantom propeller, 195
Pickering, E. C., 16, 20, 244
Pilcher, Percy, 71, 112, 113, 253
Pinchot, Gifford, 315
pioneer patent, 362
pitch control, 110. See also fore-and-aft balance
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 10, 16
Pollet, Mme., 301, 302
Post, Augustus, 315
Potomac River, 168
Powell, John Wesley, 61
powered flight tests, 205–7, 207–8, 210
Pratt truss, 68
press coverage, 237–38
AEA, 297, 298
aerodrome, 34
aeronautics, 288–91
aviation, in France, 208–9
Bell’s Red Wing, 276
Octave Chanute and Wright brothers, 303–4
Fort Myer Flyer tests, 314–15, 316
Flyer tests in France, 306–10
Langley’s aerodrome, 170, 198–200
Langley aerodrome
tests, 184–85
marketing the Flyer, 263
1908 Flyer flight tests, 280–83, 284, 288, 294
Wilbur Wright in France, 301–2
Wrights’ arrival in Paris, 336
Wright brothers, 210–11, 292, 303–4
Wright flyer, 194–95
Wrights’ motorized flight, 240
Pritchard, Dr. W. B., 243
Progress in Flying Machines (Chanute), 51, 66, 162, 271
propeller design, 388, p. 159
propellers, 159, 160, 275
quarter-scale aerodrome, 168, 172, 173
The Railroad and Engineering Journal, 66
Rathbun, Richard, 4, 6, 51, 58, 61, 62 169, 179, 187, 233, 243, 244
and Samuel Langley, 79
and Charles Manly, 87, 172, 173
Red Wing, 274–77
Reed, R. L., 59–60, 166, 187
Reichel, Frantz, 310
The Religious Telescope, 39, 42
replicating 1902 Flyer glides in 2002, 155
Rheims, France, 339, 359
Ridgway, Robert, 64
Ripley, Julien, 344
Riverside Park, 355
RMS Campania, 266
roll control, 110
Rome, 337
Roosevelt, Theodore, 6, 30, 135, 219, 232, 225
Roosevelt, Mrs. Theodore (Edith Kermit), 340
Roosevelt, Theodore, Jr., 315
Root, Amos Ives, 211, 212, 213–19, 220
rotary versus radial aerodrome engines, 78
rudders, 151, 218, 220
Ruhl, Arthur, 281–82, 283, 294, 353
S-shaped flight, 207
Santos-Dumont, Alberto, 86, 133–36, 160, 161, 268
and aeroplane, 264
and flying machine engine, 167
and Langley, 136
in St. Louis, 207
Schiff, Jacob, 200
Science Museum of London, 363
Scientific American, 132, 238–39, 263, 279
and Wright brothers, 345
Prize, 279
trophy, 288, 297
Selfridge, Lieutenant Thomas, 271, 272–73, 287, 313, 315, 320–22
and AEA’s powered airplane, 274–75, 276, 278
and White Wing, 291
injury and death, 321–22
sensation of flying, 155–56, 237–38, 382, p. 107
sensation of watching flying aeroplane, 217
sense of exhilaration while flying, 397, p. 238
Sheridan, General Phil, 311
Silver Dart, 327, 328, 330, 331, 334
Simms Station, Ohio, 205, 219
Smeaton, John, 76, 123, 124, 129
Smithsonian Institution, 1, 3, 4, 19–20, 233, 362, 365
soaring, 147
soaring with 1902 glider, 178
“Some Aerial Experiments,” (Wilbur Wright), 278
Spratt, George, 94, 103, 104–13, 159, 160, 359–60
from Wilbur Wright, 159, 160
invited to 1902 tests, 145
1902 flight tests, 151, 154
1903 flight tests, 183–84
to Wilbur Wright, 174–75, 176–77
Springstead, 276
Spuyten Duyvil, 355
Squier, Major George, 315, 318
St. Louis World’s Fair (1904), 161, 182, 206, 223
stall, 107, 149, 150
Statue of Liberty, 351, 353, 354
steering, 208
steering in aerodromes, 25
Stringfellow, John, 67
stunt flying, 359
Taft, William Howard Taft, 225
tail, 280
controlled by hand lever, 234
Tate, Addie, 80, 85
Tate, Bill, 73–74, 80
1900 glider tests, 80, 82, 83, 84
1901 glider tests, 101, 106
1902 glider tests, 149
Tate, Dan, 149, 154, 183, 280
Tate, Tom, 83
Tatin, Victor, 202–3, 209
Taylor, Charlie, 95, 295, 296
and aeroplane engine, 158–59
and crash at Fort Myer, 322
and Katharine Wright, 148–49, 266, 267
at Fort Myer, 311, 314
at Huffman Prairie, 205, 215, 217, 234
at Kitty Hawk (1903), 178
in bicycle shop, 148, 335
in New York City, 345, 346
installed new shop engine, 117
solid steel propeller shafts, 186
Technical World, 281
technological change, 214
Ten Dayton Boys, 40, 49, 235
tetrahedral chair, 255
tetrahedral kites, 255, 256, 269, 272–73
Thaw, William, 11
Third Republic’s Military Balloon Park, 86
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 38
torsion principle, 70
Toulmin, Henry, 196
Touraine, 294
turning right or left, 110
United Brethren Church, 2, 42, 43, 136–38
and Freemasonry, 38
and secret societies, 38–39
and slavery, 37
U.S. aeroplane patents pooled, 363
U.S. Army, contract with Wright brothers, 279
U.S. Army Signal Corps, 271, 273, 311
U.S. Board of Ordnance and Fortification, 32, 114, 157, 179, 200, 226, 261–62
U.S. Geological Survey, 29, 30, 179
V-shaped wings, 165
Vaulx, Comte Henri de la, 162, 163–64
vertical rudder, 218
vertical tail, 234, 275
Veuve Cliquot, 339
Victor Emmanuel XX, King of Italy, 338
Voisin biplane, 280–88
Voisin, Charles, 264, 268
Voisin, Gabriel, 210, 228, 264, 268
Voisins’ monoplane designs, 340
Volta Bureau, 269
Waddell, Theodore, 235, 237
Walcott, Charles Doolittle, 29–30, 31, 61, 62, 243, 358, 362
wartime reconnaissance, 31
Washington, George, 311
Washington Post, 34, 185
“Langley’s Folly,” 199
Washington Star, 188–89, 316
Washington Times, 276
Watson, Thomas, 250, 269
Watters, Dr. J. A., 322
Weaver, Henry, 240
Webb, H. O., 166
Webbert, Charles, 126, 235, 237
Weber, Bill, 235
Wenham, Francis, 201–2
Werthner, William, 234, 235
Western Society of Engineers, 116, 119–22, 164
White, Eliza Orne, 232
White Wing, 285, 287
Widewater, Virginia, 168
wind’s effect on flight, 344
wind tunnel, 115, 124–25, 126–29, 202, 359
data, 360
tests, 147
winged tetrahedral cells, 256
wing length, 85
wings, 234, 280
wing stability and V-shape, 165
wing-warping, 55–56, 110, 111, 112, 113, 210, 228, 340, 362
and AEA, 277–78
controls, 234, 309
and moving the tail, 152
system revamped, 130, 131
Woolworth Building, 356
Wright, Bishop Milton, 36–39, 40–41, 136, 223, 291, 292
and Keiter conflict, 136–38, 140
charged with libel, 149
death of, 363
expulsion from United Brethern, 177, 206
first flight, 359
from Wilbur, 76–77, 103, 149, 305, 323
internal church war, 43, 44
reinstatement in United Brethren Church, 230
retirement, 230
to Kate, 325
Wright, Bishop Milton (cont.)
to Orville, 292
to Orville and Wilbur, 262
to Wilbur, 46, 319–20, 353
Wright, Dan, 37, 38
Wright, Katharine (Kate), 39, 40, 41, 47–48, 116, 117, 120, 266, 267, 291–92
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about her brothers, 140
and marriage, 363–64
and Orville, 91
at Fort Myer, 323
at Huffman Prairie, 210, 235
death of, 364
flying with Wilbur, 337
from Orville, 149, 319, 320
from Wilbur, 293, 294–95, 311, 319, 322–23, 324
in Paris, 334–38
in Wright Flyer, 327
telegram to O. Chanute, 195
to father, 125–26, 149
to Washington, 322
to Wright brothers, 148–49
Wright, Lorin, 39, 40, 41, 45, 91, 136, 362
at Kitty Hawk, 151
with wife and children at Huffman Prairie, 235
Wright, Lou Billheimer, 92
Wright, Netta, 48
Wright, Orville, 39, 40, 41, 363, 364
about wing shape, 127
and Fort Myer flight test, 311–18
and Langley Medal, 358
and Charles Lindbergh, 365
and United Brethren Church, 137
and Henry Weaver, 240
and Wright Cycle Company, 45
answer to critics, 265
as pilot, 150
at 1901 glider tests, 88
biography by Fred Kelly, 365
by Wright Flyer, 327
death of, 365
flight training for exhibition pilots, 359
flying at Fort Myer, 317, 320–22, 339
from Alexander Graham Bell, 319
from Hart Berg, 301
from Kate, 319, 320
from Wilbur, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 305, 310, 314, 319
injured, 321–25
in Paris, 268
maintaining equilibrium in Flyer, 236
1900 glider tests, 80, 81–85
printing business, 44
relationship with Wilbur, 88–92
to father and Kate, 184
to father (telegram), 194
to Kate about sand, 83–84,
to Kate, 149, 178
to Wilbur, 297
set altitude record in Berlin, 353
Wright, Reuchlin, 39, 40, 49
and family, 91, 92–93
Wright, Susan Koerner, 37, 40–41, 42, 43
Wright, Wilbur, 39
and bird study, 277
and Octave Chanute, 71, 122–23
and college, 41, 46
and Léon Delagrange, 280–81
and demonstration in France, 295–97, 301–2
and Cass Gilbert, 356–57
and Langley Medal, 358
as European fad, 338
and Louis Blériot, 301
and dihedral angle of wings, 165
and Henri Farman, 301
and Flyer flight tests in France, 305–8
and Hudson-Fulton Celebration, 344–53
and Samuel Langley’s desire to fly, 244
and Lilienthal, 70–71, 75–76, 106, 121, 122–25
and Maxim, 122
and Michelin Prize, 325, 335
and 1908 test, 285
and parents, 41–42
and patent infringement, 300–1
and Statue of Liberty, 351
and United Brethren Church, 136, 137–38
and Henry Weaver, 240
and Wright Cycle Company, 45
as hero, 336
at 1901 glider tests, 88
