De humani corporis fabrica (Vesalius), 42–43
delirium cordis, 158
dementia, 25
De motu cordis (Harvey), 44–46, 113
Dennis, Clarence, 94
depression, 24, 127–28, 215, 237
Detroit, 94
DeVries, William, 192, 193
DeWood, Marcus, 143
diabetes, 4, 24, 53, 120, 121, 132, 234, 238–40
dialysis, 196, 212
diet, 115, 118, 121–23, 127–28, 231–32, 236–37
Diseases of the Circulatory System (Osler), 131
Ditzen, Gerda, 102, 103, 105, 106
diuretics, 180, 186
Dodrill, Forest, 94
Dominican order, 22
do-not-resuscitate orders, 197, 224
Dotter, Charles, 138–41, 144
Douglass, Frederick, 62
Down syndrome, 75
dreams, 210, 220–21, 223–24
drug abuse and addiction, 28, 77n, 131
earthquakes, 25–26, 145
Easter Island, 144
Ebers Papyrus, 38
echocardiograms, 24, 52, 55–61, 71, 132, 184, 203, 233; see also ultrasound
edema, 34, 82, 146, 180
Effler, Donald, 127
Egypt, 41; ancient, 11, 38
electrocardiograms (EKGs), 53–54, 73, 133, 137–38, 173, 180; in animal studies, 30, 167, 175
electrodes, 17, 19, 30, 158, 167–68, 172, 174–76, 179
electrophysiology, cardiac, 52, 153–55, 157, 161, 166, 171, 177–78, 205
Edler, Inge, 61
England, 43, 81, 87, 105, 109n, 115, 153, 166
endocarditis, 69–70, 98
endothelin blockers, 239
end-stage heart failure, 22, 36, 184, 186, 190–91, 196
enlarged heart, 77, 146
enzymes, 57, 132, 134
epidemiology, 115–16, 128; see also Framingham Heart Study
Equal Rights League, 62
evolution, 18, 93, 195
exercise, 122, 232, 234, 236–37, 241, 242
experimental physiology, 104
Expression of Emotion in Man and Animals, The (Darwin), 201
exsanguination, 26, 89–90
Fabric of the Human Body, The (Vesalius), 42–43
facial deformities, 75
Falloppio, Gabriele, 51
falsifiability, 40, 148
family history, 4, 9, 96, 119, 121
Fargo (North Dakota), 69, 88, 97
fatigue, 70, 150, 166, 184, 192
Favaloro, René, 97
Fear Heart (Barr), 6
Feigenbaum, Harvey, 61
femoral artery, 83, 101, 142
fight-or-flight reaction, 23, 30, 40, 124
Fischer, Georg, 63n
Flood, Lorraine, 207–209, 212–13, 215–16
Florence (Italy), 42
fludrocortisone, 223
fluid dynamics, 160n
“foam” cells, 134
Fogarty, John, 190
Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 143, 177, 194, 196
Forssmann, Walter, 103, 109
Forssmann, Werner, 102, 102–111, 134–35, 140, 141, 161
fosinopril, 180
Framingham Heart Study, 113, 116–23, 125, 133; risk factors determined in, 4, 117–18, 120–22, 132, 237, 240
France, 153, 174
Frankfurt State Hospital, 65–66, 66
Freedmen’s Hospital (Washington, D.C.), 65
free radicals, 133
Friedman, Meyer, 126–27
Friedreich’s ataxia, 184
Friesinger, Gottlieb, 172
Galen, 40–43, 45, 63
gap junctions, 10
Garfinkel, Alan, 160
General Motors, 94
genetic heart abnormalities, 212; see also congenital heart abnormalities
genetics, 35, 69, 123–24, 221, 234
Geneva, University of, 171
George III, King of England, 105
Georgia, 144
Germany, 65–68, 90, 102, 107–109, 140; in World War II, 173
Getting Over Garrett Delaney (McDonald), 17
Ghazali, al-, 41
Gibbon, John Heysham, 73, 86, 89–96
Glidden, Frances, 84, 85
Glidden, Gregory, 79–85
Glidden, Lyman, 80, 82, 85
gonorrhea, 105
grave robbing, 42
great arteries, transposition of, 81
Greatbatch, Wilson, 169–71, 174
Great Depression, 73
Greece, ancient, 38, 40
Green, Henry, 100
Groote Schuur Hospital (Cape Town), 186
Ground Zero, 201–205, 207, 210, 213
Gruentzig, Andreas, 140–44, 239
Guy’s Hospital (London), 87
Haecker, Rudolf, 68
Hahnemann Medical College, 163
Hall, Joan Lord, 21
hallucinations, 213, 223
Hamlet (Shakespeare), 23
hardening of the arteries, see atherosclerosis
Harvard University, 27, 117, 172, 173
Harvey, William, 14, 43, 43–47, 63, 113
Hawaii, 123
heart attacks/myocardial infarctions, 7, 37–38, 96, 110, 114, 153–54, 185, 190; risk factors for, 4, 23–24, 118, 120–22, 127–28, 133, 231–32, 237; sudden death resulting from, see sudden cardiac death; survival of, 137–44, 169, 172, 196, 207, 211, 221, 239; symptoms of, 24–25, 74, 120, 224; see also cardiac arrest
heart block, 166–71
heart cells, 10, 24, 37n, 150–51, 160
heart failure, 9, 24, 94, 148–50, 157, 163, 240; end-stage, 22, 184, 186, 190–91, 196; transplants for, 185, 189, 191; treatments for, 191–92, 196, 239; see also congestive heart failure
heart-healthy lifestyle, 13, 121–22, 231–32
heart-lung machines, 70–73, 86, 88–97, 89, 95, 113, 187, 190; surgical alternatives prior to invention of, 74–75, 79–80, 83, 84–86, 168
heart transplantation, 163, 183, 186–89, 191, 192, 195, 238
heparin, 91n
herbal supplements, 148, 163, 181
hereditary disorders, 184, 212
Hertz, Carl Helmuth, 61
high blood pressure, see hypertension/high blood pressure
Hildegard of Bingen, 14
Hill, Luther, 68
Hinduism, 28–29, 185, 226–29, 234
HIV, 165
homeostasis, 125n
Honshu (Japan), 25
hopelessness, 30–31, 163, 214, 237
Hopkinson, Mary, 91–93
hormones, 124, 185–86
hospice, 164
House Appropriations Health Subcommittee, 190
Houston, 189–91
Howard University, 64
Hugo, Victor, 186
Hunter, John, 105
hypertension/high blood pressure, 37, 115, 125n, 238; as cardiovascular risk factor, 24, 54, 120–21, 129, 132, 137, 237, 240; emotional/psychosocial factors in, 23–29, 31, 124–28, 206, 220–21; methods for control of, 139–43, 231–32, 236–238, 240
hypothermia, 77–79, 82
IBM Corporation, 93
iliac artery, 140
Illness as Metaphor (Sontag), 7
immigrants, 48, 122–24, 234
immune system, 188
India, 7–9, 26, 35–36, 122, 227, 234, 243; partition of, 28–29, 129
infections, 75, 105, 139, 148, 189, 191, 194–95, 212; postsurgical, 84, 88, 168–69, 177; of transplant patients, 186, 188
infectious diseases, 29, 37, 62, 115–17
inferior vena cava, 63
inflammation, 96, 128, 132, 168
insulin resistance, 234
International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, 205
ischemia, 137
Israel, 174
Italy, 153, 195; Renaissance, 42
Ithaca (New York), 169
Jalife, José, 159
Japan, 24, 25, 188n;
immigrants in U.S. from, 123–24; in World War II, 114
Jarvik, Robert, 192, 194
Jarvik-7 artificial heart, 192–94
Jauhar, Mohan, 10, 184
Jauhar, Pia, 241
Jauhar, Rajiv, 4, 221–24, 226–29
Jauhar, Sonia, 57, 235
Jefferson Medical College, 88–89
Jesus, Sacred Heart of, 22
Jewish Hospital (Louisville), 195
Johns Hopkins University, 30, 70, 91n, 118, 172, 176
Johnson, Jacqueline, 77–78
Journal of the American Medical Association, 187
Journal of Thoracic Surgery, 99
Joyce, James, 140
Jude, James, 173
Julian, Desmond, 137
Justus, Wilhelm, 65–67
Kanpur (India), 7–9, 29, 242
Kanpur Agricultural College, 7, 20
Karp, Haskell, 190–91
Kent (England), 43
Kentucky, 195
kidney failure, 53, 193
kidneys, 11n, 59, 125n, 185–86; artificial, 73, 189
King of Hearts (Miller), 68
Kirklin, John, 94
Klinische Wochenschrift, 107–108
Knickerbocker, Guy, 172–73
Koch, Robert, 116n
Kolff, Willem, 189–90, 192
Kölliker, Rudolf Von, 19
Kouwenhoven, William, 172–73
Lancet, The, 114, 231
language problems, 96
learned helplessness, 214
Le Fanu, James, 73
left anterior descending (LAD) artery, 133, 142
Leonardo da Vinci, 41–42
leprosy, 117
leukemia, 77n
Lewis, John, 77–78
lidocaine, 60, 101
Life magazine, 139
lifestyle, 13, 121–23, 231–32, 234, 241
Lifestyle Heart Trial, 231
“Life You Save May Be Your Own, The” (O’Connor), 69
Lillehei, C. Walton, 73–77, 79–86, 94–96, 145, 168–69, 171, 187, 239
Lima (Peru), 105
lipoprotein(a), 233–34
liver, 37n, 40, 43, 45, 57
Lolita (Nabokov), 114
London (England), 87, 109n, 115–16
London Daily Mirror, 84–85
London Medical Society, 116
Lost Art of Healing, The (Lown), 26–27, 206
Louisville (Kentucky), 195, 196
Lower, Richard, 187
low-fat diets, 231, 232
Lown, Bernard, 26, 173, 205–207
Loy, Una, 194
Lund, University of, 61
lung cancer, 142, 144, 237
macrophages, 37n, 133–34
MacWilliam, John Alexander, 157, 160, 219
magnets, 19, 146–50, 163, 179, 180, 211
“Maintenance of Life During Experimental Occlusion of the Pulmonary Artery Followed by Survival, The” (Gibbon), 92
Malaria Control in War Areas, U.S. Office of, 117
Malpighi, Marcello, 44n
Marcus Aurelius, 40
Marmot, Michael, 123, 124, 126
Massachusetts, University of, 117
Massachusetts General Hospital (Boston), 93
Mayo Clinic, 94
Mayo-Gibbon oxygenator, 94
McDonald, Abby, 17
McGill University, 153, 161
McIntire, Admiral Ross, 114
McLean, Jay, 91n
McMichael, John, 109n
McQuarrie, Irvine, 81–82
Meadors, Gilcin, 118–19, 122
Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study, 123n
meditation, 207, 217, 232, 235, 241
Mediterranean diet, 232
Medtronic, 170, 175, 179
memory deficits, 96, 221
mental lassitude, 184
metaphorical heart, 13–14, 20–23, 25–26, 31, 128, 241; history of, 40–42, 45, 130
metastatic cancer, 77n, 144
Miami, American Heart Association conference in, 142
midazolam, 177
Middle Ages, 11n, 21, 40
Miller, G. Wayne, 68
mind-body interactions, 205
Mines, George, 153, 153–59, 161, 166
Minneapolis, 73, 80, 84, 171
Minneapolis Tribune, 78
Minnesota, 88, 168; University of, 74, 77, 80, 94, 168, 187
Minnesota Medicine, 95
minority groups, 62, 64, 122, 124, 157, 234
Mirowski, Michel, 173–77, 211, 239
misdiagnosis, 94
mitral valve, 69, 88, 193
Montgomery (Alabama), 68
Montreal, 153
morbidity, 138, 168
Morgagni, Giovanni Battista, 58
morphine drip, 197
Morristown (New Jersey), 232, 235–38
mortality rates, 90, 93, 113, 138, 168, 211; for cardiac wounds, 63, 68; reduction in, 96, 130, 157, 238–39
Mountin, Joseph, 117, 118
Mount Zion Hospital (San Francisco), 126
Mower, Morton, 174–75
Müller, Heinrich, 19
multi-organ failure, 193
multivariate analysis, 120
Munch, Edvard, 16
Muslims, 28–29
Mustard, William, 93
myocardial infarctions, see heart attacks/myocardial infarctions
myocardial wire, 168–69
myopericarditis, 132–33
Nafis, Ibn al-, 41
National Guard, 202
National Heart Act (1948), 115
National Heart Institute (NHI), 115, 119–20, 123
National Institutes of Health, 87, 115, 117, 123n
National Society of Professional Engineers, 171
natural catastrophes, 25–26, 28, 145
natural healers, 147, 165
Nature, 159
nausea, 150, 184, 192
negative affectivity, 127; see also anxiety; depression
neuroscience, 53, 124, 231, 240
New Delhi (India), 9, 243
New England Journal of Medicine, 176, 232, 239
New York City, 51, 63, 64, 161, 234–35; hospitals in, 109, 207 (see also Bellevue Hospital); 9/11 terrorist attack on, 3, 201–205, 207, 210, 216–17
New York Times, 78, 84, 194
nightmares, 210, 219–21, 223–24
Niigata Prefecture (Japan), 25–26
9/11 terrorist attack, 3, 201–205, 207, 210, 216–17
nitroglycerin, 4
Nixon, Richard M., 121
Nobel Prize, 76, 205; in Physiology and Medicine, 109–10, 134
Normandy, landing of Allied troops in, 114
North Dakota, 69, 88, 97, 221
Northwestern University Medical School, 62
Null, Gary, 147, 149, 165
nutraceuticals, 148, 163, 181
Nyström, Gunnar, 90
NYU Medical Center (New York City), 207
obesity, 237, 238
O’Connor, Flannery, 69
“On Dynamic Equilibrium in the Heart” (Mines), 158
“On the Nature of Turbulence” (Ruelle and Takens), 160n
open-heart surgery, 34, 61, 65, 76, 85, 136, 187; alternatives to, 142, 242; with cross-circulation, 80, 168; with heart-lung machines, 94–96
Oregon, University of, 138
organ harvesting, 187–88
organ rejection, 186, 188
Ornish, Dean, 231–32, 235–38
“Oroya fever,” 105
Oscar Mayer Company, 121
oscilloscopes, 17, 19, 139
Osler, William, 70, 84, 98, 131, 133; Harveian Oration of, 46
oxygenation, 73–74, 86, 91, 93–94
pacemakers, 34, 53, 130, 167–71, 173, 176, 230; external, 167, 190; natural, 151–52, 152
Padua, University of, 42, 43
Pagenstecher, Sanitatsrath, 67–68
pain, 9, 22, 113, 139, 141, 147, 196–97, 227; absence of r
esponse to, 188; chest, 24–25, 54, 114, 131–33, 164, 204, 224; of implanted defibrillator shocks, 208, 210, 212, 214
Pakistan, 28
palpitations, 210; see also arrhythmias; ventricular fibrillation
parasympathetic nervous system, 30–31, 59, 106
Parkinson’s disease, 221–23
Pavlovian response, 209
Pearl Harbor, Japanese bombing of, 114
Pearson, Karl, 23
Pennsylvania, 94; University of, 124
pericarditis, 132–33
pericardium, 56, 60, 62–65, 72, 242
Persia, 41
Peru, 105
Peter Bent Brigham Hospital (Boston), 90n
“phantom shock,” 208
Philadelphia, 73, 86, 163
physical activity, see exercise
placebo effect, 148
Plainview Hospital (Plainview, New York), 224
plaque, 110, 133, 177, 231–33, 236, 242; atherosclerotic, 37, 42, 118, 129, 134, 221; visualization of, 4–5, 113, 121, 137, 142
platelets, 37
Plato, 38
pneumonia, 77, 84, 193
Poland, 173–74
Popper, Karl, 148
post-traumatic stress disorder, 207, 210, 213
potassium, 72–73, 97
Prague, 138
precordial thumps, 138
premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), 206, 233, 241
pressure-volume loops, 129
Prévost, Jean Louis, 171
Princeton University, 89
“Probing the Right Ventricle of the Heart” (Forssmann), 107
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 160
processed foods, 123
Provident Hospital (Chicago), 61–62
Prussian State Library, 41
psychosocial risk factors, 24, 119–20, 123–25, 129, 231, 236, 240
Public Broadcasting System (PBS), 10
Public Health Service, U.S., 115, 117, 118
pulmonary embolectomy, 89–90
pulmonary function tests, 3
pulse deficit, 55
“pump head,” 96
Punjab (India), 9, 28, 34, 129
quality-of-life issues, 125, 237
radio-frequency ablative procedure, 52, 211, 217
Radio Shack, 147
rapamycin, 144
rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, 221
Reconstruction, 62
“reentry,” 154, 154–59, 161
reflex arc, 53
refractory period, 151–55, 159
Rehn, Ludwig, 65–68, 77
REM sleep, see rapid eye movement (REM) sleep
Renaissance, 20, 41
respiratory failure, 193
restitution, 160
resuscitation, see cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Richards, Dickinson, 99, 109
Richter, Curt, 30–31, 59, 214
Richter scale, 25
risk factors, 4, 54, 132, 232, 233, 240; epidemiology of, see Framingham study; ethnic differences in, 122–24, 233–234; psychosocial, 24, 119, 123, 124, 127–30, 206; of heart attack survivors, 176, 211–12, 237, 239
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