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The Tashkent Crisis
William Craig
To my wife,
Eleanor,
and to my children,
Ann, Richard, William and Ellen
A NOTE TO THE READER
Because the events in this book span three continents, the reader should be aware of the precise differences in time zones.
Like the United States, the Soviet Union also has several time zones. Soviet Central Asia is three hours ahead of Moscow. Moscow is two hours ahead of Western European cities, such as London, Geneva, and Paris. Western Europe is six hours ahead of cities in the eastern time zone of the United States, such as Washington and New York.
For example, when it is 11:18 P.M. in Washington, it is 5:18 A.M. in Paris, 7:18 A.M. in Moscow, and 10:18 A.M. in Tashkent, Soviet Central Asia.
MOSCOW EXOR MSG6
TO THE PRESIDENT OP THE UNITED STATES:
WE HEREBY DEMAND THE UNCONDITIONAL SURRENDER OF YOUR COUNTRY EFFECTIVE 72 HOURS FROM THIS TRANSMISSION. RESISTANCE TO THIS ULTIMATUM WOULD BE FOOLHARDY SINCE WE POSSESS A WEAPON OF UNUSUAL DESTRUCTIVE FORCE. FOR PROOF EXAMINE THE REMAINS OF THE ISRAELI ATOMIC RESEARCH CENTER WEST OF BEERSHEBA.
ANY OVERT MOVES AGAINST OUR COUNTRY WOULD RESULT IN THE NEEDLESS DEATHS OF MILLIONS OF YOUR PEOPLE.
THE SECRETARY OF THE PRAESIDIUM, UNION OF THE SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS
PROLOGUE
It was spring in Washington, D.C., and tourists thronged the esplanades around the Potomac basin, admiring the cherry trees in full bloom. Some wandered over to the memorials for Lincoln and Jefferson and recited the words the Presidents had left for future generations to ponder. Others went to the halls of Congress where their representatives were deliberating issues that affected their daily lives. They invaded the galleries of the Senate and House and saw the machinery of government running sluggishly in the chambers below. At the end of the dull sessions, the tourists dispersed through the stately corridors. A few brushed by a door in the Senate Building where a guard stood watching the visitors with bored detachment. None of the tourists stopped to ask the guard what he was defending. If they had, he would have said, “A closed door session of the Appropriations Committee,” and no one would have bothered to press the issue with him. The guard watched the last straggler pass by and shifted his tired feet while he waited for the senators to emerge and let him go home.
They had been inside for five hours, listening to Administration representatives stressing the urgency for increased funds. The senators were not hostile to these messengers from the White House. Horace Eubank, the white-maned chairman from Louisiana, had been a member of the Appropriations Committee for over thirty years. He was acknowledged to be a strong advocate of American military superiority over any potential enemies and had even been nicknamed among certain elements in the country as Attila the Reb.
Eubank did not worry about his enemies. Elected six times to the Senate, he hoped to retire to his bank in Baton Rouge after this term and leave affairs of state to younger men. But he did worry constantly that his country was falling into ruin after years of protest and rioting in the streets. Vietnam and the entire Southeast Asian debacle had caused convulsions in almost every segment of American public opinion. Most people were simply tired of the constant warfare on the frontiers. Some had succumbed to the incessant blandishments from the new left and radical groups and decided that the first order of business was to correct the inequities so apparent among the country’s more than 200 million inhabitants. Others had embarked on a campaign of repression against those who wanted to bring down the established order.
The result had been a new isolationism, a creeping withdrawal from foreign involvements and a gradual return to the concept of Fortress America, once only a slogan of the right.
Presidents were forced to tread carefully in the discharge of their duties. Often, against their better judgments, they retreated from decisions which only decades earlier would have been popular. In this atmosphere American influence lessened noticeably in sensitive areas of Europe and Asia.
For some Americans this was only good. For others it was a tragedy. Always before in world history, these people reasoned, the strongest had survived by staying strong. The weak were always present, anticipating the time when Goliath would let his guard down and fall to the jackals. It was national suicide, they believed, and yet they were nearly powerless to stop it.
Horace Eubank had tried. For several years he had managed to secrete large sums of money in his budget for research and development of strategic weapons systems. He had aided the White House as much as he could by burying these grants under innocuous classifications, and the White House had been properly grateful. But each year it had been more difficult to find the huge funds needed to keep the United States at least even with other countries in military hardware.
Horace Eubank could recall the long list of projects which had been regretfully shelved by the government till another day and another fresh wind of change blew down on Capitol Hill. He also had at hand intelligence reports describing Soviet research and knew that several systems, if perfected in time, could irrevocably alter the balance of power in the world. All of this was in Eubank’s mind as he looked over his horn-rimmed glasses and smiled graciously at Gerald Weinroth, the President’s scientific advisor.
“Professor, I think you know how kindly disposed this committee is toward your advisory board. We are always trying to help your little endeavors along to fruition, but,” and he shrugged his shoulders sadly, “we can only do so much. We get whittled back each year and have a devil of a time scraping up what we do get for you. With the nation in the shape it’s in now, I am not at all surprised at what’s been happening. Why, pretty soon some of these people will be insisting we turn the nation’s defenses over to the Black Panthers and the SDS.”
The remark brought laughter, but Eubank was suddenly grim. “Seriously, Professor, this government is so paralyzed by the reluctance of the American people in general and the crackpot radicals in particular that I am getting scared to death at what will happen. We congressmen have to answer to the people at home and the word is out: ‘Screw the military. They screwed us in Indochina and everywhere else.’ So when you ask for money for items which I consider essential to the continued security of the country, I fear the worst. I am convinced we are in the midst of a retreat from reality. And some day we’ll wake up dead.”
Gerald Weinroth sat nodding his head vigorously in agreement. He waited to see whether Eubank had anything more to add, then hunched forward in his chair and addressed the five-man committee in a low, passionate voice:
“Mister Chairman, when I took over this job, I analyzed our position vis-à-vis the other side and concluded that we were at least even in most important areas. But it’s also my job to predict the future and here I’m in terrible trouble. Because with the funds drying up, I can’t even begin to fulfill the essential research work on systems we know the Russians already have off the drawing boards. And you all know that the real function of my group is to keep the other fellow from ever being able to get the drop on this country.”
Weinroth smiled ruefully at his friends on the panel. “And I now have an ulcer to prove I have great trouble sleeping nights worrying over just such a calami
ty.”
An oppressive silence followed. Finally, Horace Eubank looked at his watch. “Well, sir, we’ll get you something for your pet projects but nothing like what you really need. Meanwhile, gentlemen, why don’t we adjourn to my office and see if we can’t calm the professor down with a shot of Jack Daniels.”
The chairman rose, put a folder marked TOP SECRET under his arm, and marched out of the committee room. Gerald Weinroth popped a white pill into his mouth for his nerves and joined the safari to Eubank’s whiskey oasis.
Monday, September 9
At 6:30 A.M., the lobby of the Metropole Hotel was almost deserted. A middle-aged Russian woman sat behind the reception desk and watched John Brandon indifferently as he struggled with his heavy bags toward the door. Two porters sweeping the floor did not even look up as he passed.
Brandon was in a hurry. His plane was leaving at 8 A.M., and he had forgotten just how long it took to get to Moscow’s international airport.
In front of the hotel, he put his bags down and looked for a taxi. Only one car was on the ramp, a private one, which now rolled suddenly toward the American. The door opened and a smiling man in a lumpy gray suit emerged.
“Mr. Brandon?”
“That’s right.”
“Jump in. I’m going your way.”
The confused American got in with his luggage and the car moved away from the hotel. The driver was pleasant and gregarious.
“You’ve finished your research here?”
Brandon nodded.
“How did it go?” The man had no trace of an accent. His English was impeccable.
Though still puzzled by the stranger’s familiarity, Brandon began to talk about his summer’s stay in the Soviet Union, during which he had spent weeks in the Archives rummaging through records of the Napoleonic campaign against the Russian people in 1812. Brandon had been pleasantly surprised by the cooperation of the Soviet authorities in giving him access to materials no Western scholar had seen before. He knew that he had in his briefcase the ingredients of a book that would establish him in the academic world and guarantee commercial success as well. Brandon told all this to the stranger as the car left the center of Moscow and headed out into the country toward Sheremetyevo Airport.
A few tracks were on the highway, and a few people waited patiently at bus stops along the route. Otherwise, the summer landscape was almost deserted except for the two men conversing animatedly in the little car.
The stranger introduced himself. “I’m Grigor Rudenko, Mr. Brandon, and I work for Tass. I’ve known about your work here, and I thought maybe some day we might get the opportunity to meet. Perhaps this is the best way.” Rudenko smiled almost to himself, as he said this. Brandon wondered suddenly if Rudenko had something more in mind.
Rudenko continued, “You know, I grew up in Philadelphia.” He looked at Brandon for a reaction. John Brandon just stared back through the haze of his cigarette smoke. “My family came to America in the twenties and I went to high school there. But then the war came with Germany, and I guess the old loyalty to the motherland had never died because I decided to fight the Fascists myself. This was all before Pearl Harbor, and so I applied to the government for permission to join the Red Army, and it was granted. I spent the rest of the war in the cavalry and wound up picking my way through the streets of Berlin in 1945.” Brandon was astounded but did not interrupt.
Rudenko lighted a short nonfilter cigarette and inhaled deeply.
“Then instead of going back to America, I stayed on with my adopted countrymen and renounced the evils of capitalism forever.” At this remark, Rudenko laughed uproariously and winked at Brandon. “At the press agency, I have since contributed my talents to keeping the cold war cold.” Rudenko waited for a response.
Brandon was extremely careful by now. All during his time in Russia, he had expected trouble. In talking to people who had studied in the Soviet Union or spent any length of time there on business, he had learned that, not infrequently, the Soviet Committee of State Security, the KGB, tried to compromise foreigners by involving them in unpleasant little intrigues, which ended in blackmail against the individual or international repercussions from a spy scandal. For the first time during his stay, he felt himself in the presence of such a situation. So he picked his words slowly.
“It’s about time the cold war between our countries ended, don’t you think? I must say, I’ve felt a great sadness while in this country at the thought that America and Russia might some day kill each other over one thing or another. It’s a damn shame …”
Rudenko nodded vigorously and added, “I’m glad you feel that way because I, too, am discouraged at the prospects for survival.” Rudenko’s voice was suddenly tense, his manner subdued. He stubbed out his cigarette and watched a sign coming up which pointed the way into the airport. “Brandon, I want you to do me a favor.”
Here it comes, Brandon thought. The overture is ended and the curtain is going up.
As the car slowed down, Rudenko steered it into the parking lot in front of the terminal building. He parked in an area where no cars were within fifty feet.
Turning to his passenger, he said, “When you get to New York, stay long enough to call a man named Karl Richter at the State Department in Washington. Tell him you were contacted by me and that you have something for him.” Rudenko drew a bulky manila envelope from his inside suit pocket, Brandon stared at it in disbelief. He was being offered the bait that would land him in jail. “Make sure you deliver this into his hands within forty-eight hours of your arrival. That’s all you have to do, believe me.” He could see the turmoil in Brandon’s face. “Don’t worry, Brandon. You have nothing to fear. I’m not trying to trick you into something. What I’m giving you is vital to what we just talked about. Richter can act on it and prevent something far bigger than the Cuban missile crisis back in 1962.”
Brandon suddenly said, “No, no, I won’t do it. I’m not the type to get involved in these things.”
“Brandon, don’t talk nonsense. We’re discussing something far more important than either of us. Why do you think I met you this morning? I know you’re afraid that you’ll be stopped by the customs men, but it won’t happen. They know you and won’t touch you. You’re from Winnetka, Illinois. You’re a bachelor. You have two brothers and a sister. Your parents are dead. You were in the U.S. Army during Korea … you were a sergeant in a rifle company. You later went to Purdue, and today you teach history at Lake Forest College. You’re clean as far as the KGB is concerned. You have no ties to the U.S. intelligence community. Correct?”
Brandon nodded in wonder at this verbal dossier.
Rudenko looked at his watch. “You have about forty minutes to plane time. Take this envelope, please.” His voice was urgent, almost pleading. Brandon reached for it and thought, Jesus, here I go into the bottomless pit. He took the package, put it into his jacket, and opened the door and started to get out. Rudenko leaned over and repeated, “Karl Richter at the State Department. He’ll know what to do.” Rudenko smiled and put out his hand. “Relax, Mr. Brandon, and thanks for trusting me.” Brandon shook his hand perfunctorily. He wished the man had never come into his life.
He took his luggage on into the building. At the customs desk, he filled out a form declaring how much money he had spent in the Soviet Union. He also changed his few Russian rubles into dollars. Then he brought his baggage and the declaration to the desk. His luggage was weighed and put on a pile to be taken to the Pan American plane. It was not inspected.
In the waiting room, Brandon paced up and down, waiting for the call to board. When it came, he went down a long corridor to a final checkpoint, where Russian soldiers examined boarding passes and passports. The phone at the desk kept ringing constantly, and, each time, Brandon wondered if the listener would turn and beckon him into oblivion. The minutes passed. Then the gate was opened, and Brandon and a crowd of passengers were led down a ramp to a waiting bus. Out on the runway, he saw the familiar bl
ue Pam Am emblem rising from the tail of a Boeing 747 in the September sunshine.
When he entered the plane, a smiling hostess, an American girl, welcomed him into the long tunnel of seats. Brandon realized how long it had been since he had actually talked to an American woman, all fresh and made-up and distinctly mid-western. He smiled back and went to a window on the right side where he sagged into a chair, putting his briefcase under it. He wanted to smoke badly but the No-Smoking sign prevented that. In a few minutes the motors started, and slowly the jet moved off the runway to the takeoff position. Brandon looked around at his fellow passengers. The plane was only half-filled, and he found it difficult to type his companions. He tried to imagine who might be a secret policeman, but no one stood out in the group. Then Brandon caught himself and tried to analyze the situation. He had passed customs. No one was suspicious. If anyone had been, he would not have made it this far. And certainly, the Russians would not have put a secret policeman in a seat on an American plane just to follow him all over the world. They would get him while he was still in their camp. At this point in his analysis, John Brandon relaxed. The envelope in his pocket still intruded on his thinking, but he knew that he had gotten through the final barrier. While he watched, the ground rushed by him and Pan Am Flight Number 101 was airborne to New York.
He waited impatiently for the No-Smoking sign to blink off and then he lit the most delicious cigarette in his entire life. Beneath the jet the lush countryside receded below the clouds.
A huge lunch was served as the plane passed west of Norway and headed over the North Atlantic. The menu included chilled turkey slices followed by a fileted steak. John Brandon devoured the entrée, left the apple strudel dessert, and drank two cups of coffee. When the movie began, he watched for a few moments, then dozed off with his headset tuned to Beethoven’s Eroica Symphony. He slept for over an hour.
The Tashkent Crisis Page 1
