My Oxford college, St. Antony’s, is a model of reaching out across the frontiers that I describe in the introduction. I thank particularly its two wardens of the 1990s, Lord Dahrendorf and Sir Marrack Goulding, and the many colleagues and students who have commented on, or garnered information for, the essays in this book.
For financial support, I am grateful to the Körber Foundation, the European Cultural Foundation, and the Thyssen Foundation.
Finally, there are the friends and acquaintances across Europe who contributed in so many different ways: sometimes unknowingly but more often with deliberate generosity. This book would not merely have been impossible without them. It is, in a deeper sense, all about them.
PERMISSIONS
Grateful acknowledgment is made to the following for permission to reprint previously published material: Routledge, Inc., a Taylor & Francis Company for “Solution” from Bertolt Brecht: Poems 1913—1956 by Bertolt Brecht, translated by Derek Bowman. Copyright © 1976, 1979 by Methuen London. Reproduced by permission of Routledge, Inc., http://www.routledge-ny.com; HarperCollins Publishers, Inc., for an excerpt from “The Envoy of Mr. Cogito” from Mr. Cogito by Zbigniew Herbert, translated by John Carpenter and Bogdana Carpenter. © 1974 by Zbigniew Herbert. Translation © 1993 by John Carpenter and Bogdana Carpenter. Reprinted by permission; A. P. Watt, Ltd., excerpt from The White Man’s Burden by Rudyard Kipling. Reprinted by permission of A. P. Watt, Ltd., on behalf of The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty; Sony/ATV Music Publishing LLC: Excerpt from “Suzanne” by Leonard Cohen. Copyright © 1967 by Sony/ATV Songs LLC (Renewed). Excerpt from “Hey Jude” by John Lennon and Paul McCartney. Copyright © 1968 by Sony/ATV Songs LLC (Renewed). All rights administered by Sony/ATV Music Publishing, 8 Music Square West, Nashville, TN 37203. All rights reserved. Used by permission.
FIRST VINTAGE BOOKS EDITION, SEPTEMBER 2001
Copyright © 1999 by Timothy Gorton Ash
All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. Published in the United States by Vintage Books, a division of Random House, Inc., New York.
Vintage and colophon are registered trademarks of Random House, Inc.
The Library of Congress has cataloged the Random House edition as follows: Garton Ash, Timothy.
History of the present: essays, sketches, and dispatches from Europe in the 1990s / Timothy Garton Ash.
p. cm.
Originally published: New York: Random House, c1999.
eISBN: 978-0-307-53084-4
1. Europe—Politics and government—1989-2. Europe, Eastern—Politics
and government—1989-3. Europe, Eastern—Ethnic relations. 4. Europe—
Foreign relations—1989-I. Title.
D2009.G37 2000
940.55’9—dc21
2001026037
CIP
Author photograph © Caroline Forbes
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