Saving America's Cities

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Saving America's Cities Page 71

by Lizabeth Cohen

Irvine Company

  Island Nobody Knows, The (exhibition)

  “Is One Hundred Years Long Enough?”

  Italian Americans

  Italy

  Ithaca, Elm Street Housing in

  Jacobs, Jane; criticism of urban renewal; The Death and Life of Great American Cities; Logue and; on New Haven

  Jackson, Maynard

  Japan

  Jews; Boston; New Haven; New York

  Job Corps

  Johansen, John

  John Birch Society

  Johnson, Lyndon B.; Great Society programs; Model Cities program; urban agenda; War on Poverty

  Johnson, Philip; Roosevelt Island plan

  John XXIII, Pope

  Jones, Thomas R.

  Jonnes, Jill, South Bronx Rising

  Jordan Marsh

  Jordan, Vernon

  Joyce, Jean

  Joyce, W. Seavey

  juvenile delinquency

  Kahan, Richard

  Kahane, Lisa

  Kahn, Louis; Four Freedoms Park

  Kahn & Jacobs

  Kaiser Committee on Urban Housing

  Kallmann, McKinnell, and Knowles

  Kaufman, Herbert

  Keller, Albert Galloway

  Kelley, Florence

  Kelly & Grutzen

  Kennedy, John F.; urban agenda

  Kennedy, Robert F.

  Kerner Commission; report

  Ketchum, Morris

  Keyes, Langley Carleton, Jr.; The Rehabilitation Planning Games

  Kiley, Dan

  Kimball, Penn

  King, Martin Luther, Jr.

  King, Melvin

  Kissinger, Henry

  Kling, Vincent

  Koch, Carl

  Koch, Ed; ten-year housing plan

  Kostka, Sister Maria

  Kristof, Frank

  labor; affirmative action hiring; Logue’s activism in; New Haven; strikes; unions

  Ladejinsky, Wolf

  La Guardia, Fiorello

  Lally, Monsignor Francis “Frank”

  Lamster, Mark

  Lasswell, Harold

  Latinos

  Lawrence, David

  League of Women Voters

  “leased housing” program

  Lee, Rebecca

  Lee, Richard; Logue and; National Commission on Urban Problems hearings; as New Haven mayor; New Haven redevelopment plan; racial views; redeveloper role; retirement of

  Lee, Tunney

  Lefkowitz, Stephen

  liberalism; urban renewal and

  Liberator, The

  Liebman, Theodore

  Life

  Lilienthal, David

  Lindsay, John V.; Logue and; Rockefeller rivalry; UDC and

  literacy

  Litke, Robert

  live-ins

  Livingston, Max

  Llewelyn-Davies, Richard

  Local Initiatives Support Corporation (LISC)

  Lochrane, Brother Patrick

  Loewenstein, Louis K.

  Logue, Billy

  Logue, Edward J.; anti-communism of; Boston redevelopment plan; Boston mayoral campaign; BRA beginnings of; as BRA head; Charlotte Gardens project; childhood of; critics of; death of; dismissed by UDC; diverse community concept; downfall of; drinking of; Fair Share Housing program; fast-tracking schemes; fiscal mismanagement at UDC; human renewal and; in India; labor activism; last years of; legacy of; as liberal New Dealer; management style of; marriage of; masculine culture of urban renewal; modernist design and; Moreland Act Commission investigation of; National Commission on Urban Problems hearings; neighborhood renewal in Boston; network of urban renewal experts; new administrative structure; New Haven career of; New Haven redevelopment plan; New Town strategy; New York career; Nine Towns controversy; “$90 Million Development Program for Boston”; North Harvard project failure; as Philadelphia labor lawyer; physical appearance of; political ambitions of; political views of; prototype strategy; public-private funding approach; racial views of; recovery from UDC loss; redeveloper role of; religious views of; Roosevelt Island plan; as SBDO head; South Bronx redevelopment; total plan of; as UDC head; utopian idealism of; World War II and; at Yale College; at Yale Law School

  Logue, Ellen

  Logue, Frank

  Logue, Gordon

  Logue, John

  Logue, Kathy

  Logue, Margaret; career in education; love of modern design; marriage of

  Logue Development Company

  London

  Look

  Los Angeles

  Loshbough, Bernard

  Lowe, Jeanne

  Lowell, Ralph

  Lower Roxbury, Community Corporation (LRCC)

  low-income housing; Boston neighborhood renewal; diverse community concept; Fair Share Housing; New Haven; New York; prototype strategy; see also specific cities, neighborhoods, programs, projects, and agencies

  Low-Income Housing Tax Credits (LIHTC)

  luncheonettes

  Lydon, Christopher

  Lynch, Kevin

  Lysander, see Radisson, New Town of

  Macy’s

  Madison Park High School

  Maletz, Esther

  Malley’s

  Mansfield, Harvey Claflin

  Marcus Garvey Park Village, Brooklyn

  Marris, Peter

  Marshall Plan

  Martha’s Vineyard

  masculine culture of urban renewal

  Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority

  Massachusetts Department of Public Works

  Massachusetts Racial Imbalance Act (1965)

  Massachusetts Turnpike

  mass transit; Boston; New York

  Mass Transportation Assistance Act (1974)

  Mayer, Albert

  McCarthy, Pat

  McCarthyism

  McCormack, John

  McDougal, Myres

  McGovern, George

  McGrath, William

  McKinnell, N. Michael

  McMorrow, John P.

  Mead, Margaret

  Meet the Press

  Meier, Richard

  Meltzer, Jack

  Menino, Thomas M.

  Merritt Parkway

  Metropolitan Council for Educational Opportunity (METCO)

  Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA)

  Michaelian, Edwin D.

  Michetti, Felice

  Mid Bronx Desperadoes (MBD)

  middle class; African American

  Mies van der Rohe

  Milford, Connecticut

  Miller, Anita

  Miller, William Lee

  Mills, C. Wright

  Milton Keynes, New Town of

  MIT

  Mitchell, John

  Mitchell, Robert

  Mitchell-Lama program

  Mitton, Edward

  Model Cities

  model homes

  Moderate Middle (MM)

  modernism; architecture; Boston; Logue and; New Haven; New York; separation of functions

  modular construction

  Moore, Paul, Jr.

  Moreland Act (1907)

  Moreland Act Commission investigation; report

  Morgan Guaranty Trust Company

  Mory’s, New Haven

  Mosca, Gaetano

  Moses, Robert; Logue and

  Moskof, Howard

  Moss, Robert

  Mothers for Adequate Welfare (MAW)

  Murphy, Janet

  Murphy, Russell D.

  Muschamp, Herbert

  Museum of Modern Art, New York

  Mussolini, Benito

  NAACP

  Nathan, Jason R.

  Nation, The

  National Commission on Urban Problems; Building the American City

  National Historic Preservation Act (1966)

  National League of Cities

  National Review

  Navy, U.S.

  “Negro removal”

  Nehru, Jawaharlal<
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  Neighborhood Legal Services

  neighborhood renewal, in Boston

  Newark

  New Boston Committee

  Newburgh, New York

  New Communities Act (1968)

  New Deal

  New Delhi

  New Haven; adapting to a paradigm shift; architecture; Boston vs.; CAC; cars; Chapel Square Mall; Church Street Project; citizen input; City Plan Commission; Columbus Mall; CPI; Crawford Manor elderly housing; deterioration of; Dixwell; Elm Haven Housing; Fair Haven; federal funding for redevelopment; Florence Virtue Homes; Green; highways; human renewal; immigrants; industrialization; Jews; labor; Long Wharf; Louis’ Lunch; map of; marginalization of small local retailers; median income; modernism; National Commission on Urban Problems hearings; “Negro removal”; network of urban renewal experts in; new administrative structure; in 1950s; Oak Street project; parking; planning department; politics; population decline; pro-growth coalition; public housing; race relations; real estate developers; redeveloper role; redevelopment plan; relocated households; riots; schools; separation of functions; shopping districts; suburbs; taxes; Temple Street Parking Garage; total plan; University Towers project; urban renewal; Wooster Square; see also specific neighborhoods, buildings, agencies, and projects

  New Haven Central Labor Council

  New Haven Civic Improvement Association

  New Haven Human Relations Council

  New Haven Redevelopment Agency; citizen input and; masculine culture of; National Commission on Urban Problems hearings; network of experts in; new administrative structure; Progress Pavilion; race and; role of; urban renewal as liberal project; wives

  New Left

  Newman, Oscar, Defensible Space

  New Republic, The

  New Schools for New Haven Initiative

  Newsweek

  New Towns; diverse community concept; history of; New York; Roosevelt Island; UDC

  New York City; architects; architecture; Bedford-Stuyvesant plan; deterioration of; diverse community concept; Harlem State Office Building controversy; high-rise public housing; historic preservation; immigrants; industrialization; low-income housing; map of; mid-1970s recession; modernism; New Town strategy; of 1970s–80s; Penn Station; politics; public housing; race and; real estate developers; Roosevelt Island plan; schools; South Bronx redevelopment; Stuyvesant Town; subsidized housing; suburbs; transportation; urban renewal; West Village; see also specific neighborhoods, buildings, boroughs, and agencies

  New York City Department of Housing Preservation and Development

  New York City Housing Partnership

  New York City Planning Department

  New York Project Finance Agency

  New York State; bonds; diverse community concept; Fair Share Housing program; federal funding for redevelopment; highways; industrialization; map of; mid-1970s recession; New Town strategy; of 1970s–80s; politics; public-private funding for redevelopment; race relations; relocation efforts; school; suburbs; taxes; transportation; UDC agenda; urban renewal; see also specific cities, projects, and agencies

  New York State Urban Development Corporation (UDC); achievements of; affirmative action policy; architects; bonding strategy; creation of; diverse community concept; downfall of; Fair Share Housing; fast-tracking strategy; federal funding and; fiscal mismanagement and crisis; Harlem State Office Building controversy; high-rise public housing; HUDC and; live-ins; Logue dismissed from; Logue as head of; Moreland Commission investigation; New Towns; Nine Towns controversy; Nixon funding cutbacks; Operation Breakthrough; prototype strategy; public-private funding approach; racial initiatives; Roosevelt Island plan; structure and staff of; technological innovation

  New York Times, The

  New York Times Magazine, The

  New York World’s Fair (1939)

  Niemeyer, Oscar

  Nighthawk gang

  Nilokheri

  NIMBYism

  Nine Towns controversy

  Nixon, Richard; resignation of; urban agenda and cutbacks

  Nolan, Martin

  nonprofit organizations

  Nyman, R. Carter

  O’Brion, Frank

  O’Connell, Cardinal William

  Olmsted, Frederick Law, Jr.

  OPEC oil embargo

  overcrowding

  Pakistan

  Pangaro, Anthony

  Paolillo, Anthony

  Papa, Stephen J.

  Pareto, Vilfredo

  Paris

  parking; Boston; New Haven

  parks and recreation

  Pasanella, Giovanni

  Paul VI, Pope

  pedestrians

  Pei, I. M.; Boston Government Center

  Philadelphia; “Better Philadelphia Exhibition” (1947); Logue as labor lawyer in; politics; urban redevelopment

  philanthropy

  Pierce, Samuel

  Pilot, The

  pilot houses

  Pittsburgh; urban renewal

  planners, see city planners

  “planning with people” slogan

  pluralism, and urban renewal

  Point Four Program

  polio

  Polsby, Nelson; Community Power and Political Theory

  Polshek, James Stewart

  Poorvu, William

  Port Authority of New York and New Jersey

  poverty; Boston; National Commission on Urban Problems hearings; New Haven; New York

  Powers, John

  Powledge, Fred

  prefabrication

  Prentice & Chan, Ohlhausen

  presidential elections: of 1948; of 1960; of 1972; of 1976; of 1984

  press; African American; Boston; Catholic; Logue and; New Haven; New York; on Nine Towns controversy; on UDC crisis; urban renewal and; see also specific publications

  private-market funding approach; Boston; Charlotte Gardens; Logue’s legacy and; New York; UDAG program

  Progressive, The

  Progressive Architecture

  Progressivism

  Protestants

  prototype strategy

  Prouvé, Jean

  Prudential Insurance Company

  public housing; Boston; demolition of; federal funding; high-rise; National Commission on Urban Problems hearings; New Haven; New York; poor maintenance; Nixon cutbacks; prototype strategy; relocation; see also specific cities, agencies, projects, and funding

  public-private funding model; South Bronx

  Public Works Administration

  Puerto Ricans

  Queens, New York

  Raab, Jennifer

  race; Boston and; diverse community concept; Fair Share Housing; National Commission on Urban Problems hearings; “Negro removal”; New Haven and; New York and; quotas; riots; school desegregation; UDC policies; urban renewal and; at Yale

  Radisson, New Town of

  Rae, Douglas

  railroads

  Rappaport, Jerome Lyle

  Ravitch, Richard

  Raymond, George

  Reagan, Ronald; urban agenda

  real estate developers; Boston; New Haven; New York; role in urban renewal

  Reconstruction Finance Corporation

  Record American

  Reilly, Arthur

  Rein, Martin

  relocation; Boston; New Haven; New York; 221(d)(3) program

  “rent certificate”

  Republican Party

  Reuther, Walter

  revenue sharing

  Ribicoff, Abraham

  Richardson, Henry

  Riemer, Peter

  Rivera, David

  Robinson, Jackie

  Roche, Kevin

  Rochester, New York

  Rockefeller, David

  Rockefeller, Nelson; as governor; Lindsay rivalry; Logue and; Pocantico estate; resigns as governor; urban policy; use of authorities

  Rockefeller Center

  Rockefeller Foundation

  Rodell, Fred

 
Rohatyn, Felix

  Rome

  Romney, George

  Roosevelt, Franklin D.

  Roosevelt Island; bulk metering; diverse community concept; Four Freedoms Park; high-rise competition; original buildings; race and; schools; UDC plan

  Rostow, Eugene

  Rotival, Maurice

  Rouse, James W.

  Route 91 (Connecticut)

  Route 128 (Boston)

  Roxbury Clergy Committee on Renewal

  Rudolph, Paul; Logue and; Shoreline Apartments; State Service Center; Temple Street Parking Garage

  Russia

  Ryan, John

  Ryan, Robert H.

  Ryan, Dr. William

  Ryder, Sharon Lee

  Saarinen, Eero

  Safdie, Moshe

  Salvucci, Frederick

  Sandorf, Julie

  San Francisco

  Sargent, Francis

  Saturday Evening Post, The

  Saturday Review

  Savitt, Robert R.

  Scagnoli, Henry

  Schell, Orville H., Jr.

  Scher, Allen “Bud”

  Scheuer, James H.

  schools; Boston; busing; Catholic; community; desegregation; New Haven; New York; private

  Scully, Vincent

  Sears, David

  Sears, John Winthrop

  Sears Roebuck

  Section 8 subsidies

  Section 221(d)(3) projects

  Section 235 subsidy program

  Section 236 subsidy program

  segregation; Boston; New Haven; school

  Self-Help Organization of Charlestown (SHOC)

  Seligmann, Werner

  separation of functions

  Sert, Josep Lluís

  Seymour, Charles

  Sharratt, John

  Shartenberg’s

  Shattuck, Henry

  Shepley, Henry

  Shoolman, Theodore

  shopping districts: Boston; marginalization of small local retailers; New Haven; shift to suburbs

  Simon, Robert E.

  Simonian, Kane

  single-family homes; Charlotte Gardens

  Skidmore, Owings & Merrill

  Slavet, Joseph

  Slayton, William

  slum clearance; Boston; New Haven

  Smeal, Frank

  Smith, Chloethiel Woodard

  Smith, Ralph

  Smith, Reverend William J.

  Smith College

  Smolinsky, Shirley

  Snowden, Muriel and Otto

  social renewal

  Soltren, Danny

  Somerville, Massachusetts

  South Bronx; Catholic Church and; Charlotte Gardens; community collaborations; deterioration of; economy; industrialization; Koch’s ten-year housing plan; race relations; subsidized housing; urban renewal

  South Bronx Development Organization (SBDO); agenda; Charlotte Gardens; community collaborations; creation of; economic development; private funding; public-private funding; Red Book; redevelopment plan; structure and staff; successes and failures of

 

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