23 Cagle, Jess, “Gotham City’s New Boss: Joel Schumacher Has Come a Long Way—The ‘’Batman Forever’’ Director Has Made a Name for Himself,” Entertainment Weekly, July 21, 1995
24 Weinraub, Bernard, “Director Has Personal Batman Fascination / Profile: Veteran Schumacher, Haunted by Traumatic Childhood, Brings $80 Million Project in on Schedule,” The New York Times, Jun 16, 1995, p. L12
25 Busch, Anita M., “’Batman’ Lightens Up,” Daily Variety, May 5, 1995, p. 14
26 Ascher-Walsh, Rebecca, “Wholly Neophytes! An Exclusive Look at Batman Forever’s New Batface Val, His Pal, the Gal, Two-Face, and That Freak From ‘Ace’” Entertainment Weekly, Mar 10, 1995
27 Weinraub, Bernard, “Director Has Personal Batman Fascination / Profile: Veteran Schumacher, Haunted by Traumatic Childhood, Brings $80 Million Project in on Schedule,” The New York Times, Jun 16, 1995, p. L12
28 Brennan, Judy, “Batman Battles New Bat Villains: Jim Carrey and Tommy Lee Jones Confirmed While Robin Wright Still in Talks for Roles in the Next Installment in the Superhero Franchise,” Entertainment Weekly, Jun 3, 1994
29 Weinraub, Bernard, “Director Has Personal Batman Fascination / Profile: Veteran Schumacher, Haunted by Traumatic Childhood, Brings $80 Million Project in on Schedule,” The New York Times, Jun 16, 1995, p. L12
30 Eller, Claudia, “Holy Batman!” Daily Variety, May 19, 1992, p. 19
31 Ibid.
32 —, “Movies—`Batman 3’ Ready to Fly,” The Boston Herald, Jun 18, 1993, p. S.12
33 Fleming, Michael, “Another Life at WB for Catwoman and Burton?” Daily Variety, July 22, 1993, p. 1
34 —, “The Write Kind of Director,” Daily Variety, March 5, 1997, p. 42
35 Yip, Ben, “Brother-Eye Exclusive: An Interview With Batman Forever’s Janet Scott Batchler,” Brother-Eye website, http://www.brother-eye.net/forum/viewtopic.php?f=16&p=382, accessed 3/30/11
36 —, “The Write Kind of Director,” Daily Variety, March 5, 1997, p. 42, 44
37 Yip, Ben, “Brother-Eye Exclusive: An Interview With Batman Forever’s Janet Scott Batchler,” Brother-Eye website, http://www.brother-eye.net/forum/viewtopic.php?f=16&p=382, accessed 3/30/11
38 Ibid.
39 —, “The Write Kind of Director,” Daily Variety, March 5, 1997, p. 44
40 Ibid.
41 Shapiro, Marc, “Knightmare Master” Starlog magazine # 216, July 1985, p. 43
42 Yip, Ben, “Brother-Eye Exclusive: An Interview With Batman Forever’s Janet Scott Batchler,” Brother-Eye website, http://www.brother-eye.net/forum/viewtopic.php?f=16&p=382, accessed 3/30/11
43 Shapiro, Marc, “Knightmare Master” Starlog magazine # 216, July 1985, p. 43
44 Boucher, Geoff, “Akiva Goldsman on ‘Lobo,’ ‘Jonah Hex’ and the new ‘Swamp Thing,’” The Los Angeles Times, Oct. 19, 2009, http://herocomplex.latimes.com/2009/10/19/fringe-lobo-jonah- hex-and-the-new-swamp-thing/, accessed April 23, 2011
45 —, “The Write Kind of Director,” Daily Variety, March 5, 1997, p. 42
46 Shapiro, Marc, “Knight Moves: Screenwriter Akiva Goldsman Gets Into a ‘Batman & Robin’ Frame of Mind,” Starlog Presents Batman & Other Comic Heroes, 1997, p. 35
47 Eller, Claudia, “Who Was That Masked Man? CAA’s Caped Crusader,” Daily Variety, March 23, 1993, p. 19
48 Fleming, Michael, “Roth Reels in Jerky boys; ICM, CAA in Battle of Benefits,” Daily Variety, Nov. 18, 1993, p. 15
49 Moerk, Christian, “Robin Tryouts Sunday,” Daily Variety, December 16, 1993, p. 24
50 Busch, Anita M., “’Batman’ Lightens Up,” Daily Variety, May 5, 1995, p. 14
51 Ibid.
52 Cox, Dan, “Possible Contradiction in ‘Batman’ Trial Vs. WB,” Daily Variety, Jan. 13, 1994, p. 7
53 Ibid.
54 Ibid.
55 Cox, Dan, “’Batman’ Plaintiffs Say Contract Shows Intent,” Daily Variety, Jan. 14, 1994, p. 4
56 Cox, Dan, “’Batman’ Case May Sting Suits,” Daily Variety, Jan. 26, 1994, p. 3
57 —, “Holy Bat Villains!,” Weekly Variety, Feb. 21, 1994, p. 10
58 —, “Holy Boy Wonder,” Weekly Variety, March 21-27, 1994, p. 8
59 —, “Bat Update,” Weekly Variety, May 16, 1994, p. 2
60 Nasr, Constantine, producer, “Shadows of the Bat: The Cinematic Saga of the Dark Knight—Reinventing a Hero,” Batman Forever DVD, New Wave Entertainment, © 2005 Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc.
61 Schaefer, Stephen, “Boy wonder: Straight-laced Chris O’Donnell Gets a Masked-Man Makeover,” Boston Herald, Jun 11, 1995, p. 41
62 Smith, Russel, “Chris O’Donnell’s Personal High,” Rolling Stone, Dec. 8, 2000
63 Vincent, Mal, “Robin the Boy Wonder Keeping Feet Grounded Chris O’Donnell Savors the Scent of the Spring That’s His Career,” Toronto Star, Apr 18, 1995, p. C4
64 Ibid.
65 Wells, Jeffrey, “O’Donnell Unmasked: Chris O’Donnell Increases His Sex Appeal—A Haircut and a Hot Body Change the Star’s Image as Robin in ‘’Batman Forever,’’’ Entertainment Weekly, June 16, 1995
66 Smith, Russel, “Chris O’Donnell’s Personal High,” Rolling Stone, Dec. 8, 2000
67 —, “Bat Update,” Weekly Variety, May 16, 1994, p. 2
68 Brennan, Judy, “Batman Battles New Bat Villains: Jim Carrey and Tommy Lee Jones Confirmed While Robin Wright Still in Talks for Roles in the Next Installment in the Superhero Franchise,” Entertainment Weekly, Jun 3, 1994
69 Greene, Jay, “’Batman’ Nabs Carrey as Riddler,” Daily Variety, May 24, 1994, p. 3
70 Murray, Will, “Riddler Forever?” Starlog magazine # 218, Sept. 1985, p. 27
71 Fleming, Michael, “Dish: More Bat-Developments,” Daily Variety, May 26, 1994, p. 15
72 Brennan, Judy, “Batman Battles New Bat Villains: Jim Carrey and Tommy Lee Jones Confirmed While Robin Wright Still in Talks for Roles in the Next Installment in the Superhero Franchise,” Entertainment Weekly, Jun 3, 1994
73 Fleming, Michael, “Banderas in ‘Mariachi’ Sequel; Whoopi Goes West,” Daily Variety, June 14, 1994, p. 47
74 —, “It’s Still a Riddle Why Keaton Didn’t Stay ‘Batman Forever’” The Los Angeles Times, Jul 8, 1994, p. 4
75 Ibid.
76 Gordinier, Jeff, “Next at Batman: Michael Keaton Dropping Out of the Comic Book Sequel Could Breathe New Life in the Franchise — or Maybe Not,” Entertainment Weekly, Jul 15, 1994
77 —, “It’s Still a Riddle Why Keaton Didn’t Stay ‘Batman Forever’” The Los Angeles Times, Jul 8, 1994, p. 4
78 Ibid.
79 Brennan, Judy, “Batman Battles New Bat Villains: Jim Carrey and Tommy Lee Jones Confirmed While Robin Wright Still in Talks for Roles in the Next Installment in the Superhero Franchise,” Entertainment Weekly, Jun 3, 1994
80 Greene, Jay, “’Batman’ Nabs Carrey as Riddler,” Daily Variety, May 24, 1994, p. 3
81 Fleming, Michael, “’Batman’ Not Forever for Keaton; Kilmer In,” Daily Variety, July 1, 1994, p. 1
82 Vincent, Mal, “Keaton Takes A Flying Leap Into New Movie Role,” Virginian-Pilot, Norfolk, VA, Dec. 18, 1994, p. E7
83 —, “It’s Still a Riddle Why Keaton Didn’t Stay ‘Batman Forever’” The Los Angeles Times, Jul 8, 1994, p. 4
84 Bruni, Frank, “Conflicts with `Batman Forever’ put director Schumacher in corner,” Houston Chronicle, Jul 13, 1994, p. 6
85 Genola, Robert, “Johnny Depp Was Almost Batman In Batman Forever: Johnny Depp talks about how he almost played Batman in Batman Forever and that he is open to being The Riddler in ‘Batman 3,’” ComicBookMovie.com, http://www.comicbookmovie.com/fansites/CookiepussProduction/news/?a=12646, accessed 9/12/10
86 —, “It’s Still a Riddle Why Keaton Didn’t Stay ‘Batman Forever’” The Los Angeles Times, Jul 8, 1994, p. 4
87 Spelling, Ian, “Bat to the Past: Director Hopes to Take ‘Batman Forever’ Back to the Source,” The Sacramento (CA) Bee, Jun 11, 1995, p. EN 20
88 Gordinier, Jeff, “Next at Batman: Michael Keaton Dropping Out of the Comic Book Sequel Could Breathe New Life in the Franchise — or Maybe Not,” Entertainment Weekly, Jul 15, 1994
89 Nasr, Constantine, producer, “Shadows of the Bat: The Cinematic Saga of the Dark Knight—Reinventing a Hero,” Batman Forever DVD, New Wave Entertainment, © 2005 Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc.
90 Spelling, Ian, “Bat to the Past: Director Hopes to Take ‘Batman Forever’ Back to the Source,” The Sacramento (CA) Bee, Jun 11, 1995, p. EN 20
91 —, “Biography,” Official Website, Val Kilmer, Actor/Composer, http://www.valekilmer.com/bio.html, accessed April 29, 2011
92 Ascher-Walsh, Rebecca, “Cool Hero: Val Kilmer: Val Kilmer is the Latest Batman—Will This Role Finally Provide the Actor Star Power?” Entertainment Weekly, Jun 30, 1995
93 —, “Biography,” Official Website, Val Kilmer, Actor/Composer, http://www.valekilmer.com/bio.html, accessed April 29, 2011
94 Ascher-Walsh, Rebecca, “Cool Hero: Val Kilmer: Val Kilmer is the Latest Batman—Will This Role Finally Provide the Actor Star Power?” Entertainment Weekly, Jun 30, 1995
95 —, “Biography,” Official Website, Val Kilmer, Actor/Composer, http://www.valekilmer.com/bio.html, accessed April 29, 2011
96 Fleming, Michael, “’Batman’ Not Forever for Keaton; Kilmer In,” Daily Variety, July 1, 1994, p. 6
97 Laski, Beth, “Bullock Speeds to ‘While,’” Daily Variety, July 8, 1994, p. 18
98 Greene, Jay, “Kidman Says Yes to ‘Batman,’” Daily Variety, July 27, 1994, p. 21
99 Svetkey, Benjamin, “Seeing Red: Nicole Kidman is Ready to Take the Spotlight—Mrs. Cruise is Set to Make Her Mark With ‘Batman Forever’ and ‘To Die For,’” Entertainment Weekly, Jun 9, 1995
100 Weaver, Tom, “Gotham’s Finest” Starlog magazine # 216, July 1985, p. 40
101 Singer, Michael, Batman Forever: The Official Movie Book, © 1995 Modern Publishing, New York, p. 40
102 Interview with Ed Begley Jr., conducted September 23, 2010.
103 Popkin, Helen A.S., “Batman Unmasked Series: Xpress,” St. Petersburg Times, Jun 26, 1995, p. 1.D
104 Landis, Deborah Nadoolman, Costume Design, © 2003 Rotovision, East Sussex, England, p. 121
105 Popkin, Helen A.S., “Batman Unmasked Series: Xpress,” St. Petersburg Times, Jun 26, 1995, p. 1.D
106 Smith, Liz, “Val Kilmer Hotter Than You Think,” San Francisco Chronicle, Jun 6, 1995, p. E3
107 Schaefer, Stephen, “Boy wonder: Straight-laced Chris O’Donnell Gets a Masked-Man Makeover,” Boston Herald, Jun 11, 1995, p. 41
108 Weinraub, Bernard, “Director Has Personal Batman Fascination / Profile: Veteran Schumacher, Haunted by Traumatic Childhood, Brings $80 Million Project in on Schedule,” The New York Times, Jun 16, 1995, p. L12
109 Popkin, Helen A.S., “Batman Unmasked Series: Xpress,” St. Petersburg Times, Jun 26, 1995, p. 1.D
110 Ibid.
111 Ibid.
112 Ibid.
113 —, “Batman Forever Production Information,” Batman Forever Presskit, © 1995 Warner Bros., p. 11
114 Ibid., p. 14
115 Ibid., p. 15
116 Ibid., p. 14
117 Ibid., p. 15
118 Ibid., p. 15
119 Ibid., p. 16
120 Popkin, Helen A.S., “Batman Unmasked Series: Xpress,” St. Petersburg Times, Jun 26, 1995, p. 1.D
121 Ibid., p. 1.D
122 —, “Batman Forever Production Information,” Batman Forever Presskit, © 1995 Warner Bros., p. 16
123 Archerd, Army, “Just For Variety,” Daily Variety, Jan. 26, 1995, p. 4
124 Seiler, Andy, “Batman: Forever Bob Kane’s,” USA Today, Jul 6, 1995, p. 8.D
125 Ibid.
126 Shapiro, Marc, “Knightmare Master” Starlog magazine # 216, July 1985, p. 45
127 Ibid., p. 40
128 Ibid., p. 44
129 —, “Batman Forever Production Information,” Batman Forever Presskit, © 1995 Warner Bros., p. 13
130 Webster, Emma, “Top Speed Racers,” Daily Variety, Jan. 21, 1995, p. 22
131 —, “Batman Forever Production Information,” Batman Forever Presskit, © 1995 Warner Bros., p. 13
132 Weinraub, Bernard, “Director Has Personal Batman Fascination / Profile: Veteran Schumacher, Haunted by Traumatic Childhood, Brings $80 Million Project in on Schedule,” The New York Times, Jun 16, 1995, p. L12
133 Lauerman, Connie, “Rockin’ Robin: With three summer movies—including the hyped `Batman Forever’—Chris O’Donnell is truly Hollywood’s boy wonder,” Tulsa World, Jun 16, 1995, p. 14
134 Singer, Michael, Batman Forever: The Official Movie Book, © 1995 Modern Publishing, New York, p. 40
135 Weinraub, Bernard, “Director Has Personal Batman Fascination / Profile: Veteran Schumacher, Haunted by Traumatic Childhood, Brings $80 Million Project in on Schedule,” The New York Times, Jun 16, 1995, p. L12
136 Svetkey, Benjamin, “Seeing Red: Nicole Kidman is Ready to Take the Spotlight—Mrs. Cruise is Set to Make Her Mark With ‘Batman Forever’ and ‘To Die For,’” Entertainment Weekly, Jun 9, 1995
137 Rasine, Birgitte, “Twenty Cameramen Whose Aim Is True,” Daily Variety, Feb. 23, 1996, p. 38
138 Ascher-Walsh, Rebecca, “Cool Hero: Val Kilmer: Val Kilmer is the Latest Batman—Will This Role Finally Provide the Actor Star Power?” Entertainment Weekly, Jun 30, 1995
139 Popkin, Helen A.S., “Batman Unmasked Series: Xpress,” St. Petersburg Times, Jun 26, 1995, p. 1.D
140 Smith, Russel, “Chris O’Donnell’s Personal High,” Rolling Stone, Dec. 8, 2000
141 Interview with Ed Begley Jr., conducted September 23, 2010
142 Ibid.
143 Spelling, Ian, “Bat to the Past: Director Hopes to Take ‘Batman Forever’ Back to the Source,” The Sacramento (CA) Bee, Jun 11, 1995, p. EN 20
144 Murray, Will, “Riddler Forever?” Starlog magazine # 218, Sept. 1985, p. 28
145 Beck, Marilyn and Stacy Jenel Smith, “Holy Release Date! `Batman Forever’ Production Speeds Up,” Los Angeles Daily News, Feb. 15, 1995, p. L2
146 Ibid.
147 Singer, Michael, Batman & Robin: The Making of the Movie, © 1997 Rutledge Hill Press, Nashville, TN, p. 11
148 Stalter, Katharine, “F/X Houses Promo Work,” Daily Variety, May 31, 1995, p. 3
149 Spelling, Ian, “Bat to the Past: Director Hopes to Take ‘Batman Forever’ Back to the Source,” The Sacramento (CA) Bee, Jun 11, 1995, p. EN 20
150 Beck, Marilyn and Stacy Jenel Smith, “Holy Release Date! `Batman Forever’ Production Speeds Up,” Los Angeles Daily News, Feb. 15, 1995, p. L2
151 Shapiro, Marc, “Knightmare Master” Starlog magazine # 216, July 1985, p. 40-41
152 Weinraub, Bernard, “Director Has Personal Batman Fascination / Profile: Veteran Schumacher, Haunted by Traumatic Childhood, Brings $80 Million Project in on Schedule,” The New York Times, Jun 16, 1995, p. L12
153 Weinraub, Bernard, “Visual Flair, A Hip Sensibility And a Past,” The New York Times, Jun 11, 1995, p. 2.15
154 Singer, Michael, Batman & Robin: The Making of the Movie, © 1997 Rutledge Hill Press, Nashville, TN, p. 125
155 Sullivan, Jim, “`Batman’ Flies Without Many Of Its Original Tunes,” Los Angeles Daily News, Jun 19, 1995, p. L.17
156 Silberman, Jeff, “’Friends’ Paints a Rosy Picture for Rembrandts,” Daily Variety, June 26, 1995, p. 8
157 Brown, Mark, “Pop Life: Is this way of selling out?” The Orange County Register, Sep 22, 1995, p. 51
158 Young, Paul F., “Hollywood Helmers Opt for Soft Gore,” Weekly Variety, Aug. 14-20, 1995, p. 1
159 Busch, Anita M., “’Batman’ Lightens Up,” Daily Variety, May 5, 1995, p. 14
160 Weinraub, Bernard, “Director Has Personal Batman Fascination / Profile: Veteran Schumacher, Haunted by Traumatic Childhood, Brings $80 Million Project in on Schedule,” The New York Times, Jun 16, 1995,
p. L12
161 Busch, Anita M., “’Batman’ Lightens Up,” Daily Variety, May 5, 1995, p. 14
162 Ibid.
163 Ibid.
164 Ibid.
165 Persall, Steve, “McDonald’s throws a curve with `Batman’ promotions Series: On Screen,” St. Petersburg Times, Jun. 9, 1995, p. 6
166 Travers, Peter, “Batman Forever: Review,” Rolling Stone, June 16, 1995
167 Smith, Liz, “Did You Hear About Batman?” The Los Angeles Times, May 22, 1995, p. 2
168 Ascher-Walsh, Rebecca, “Cool Hero: Val Kilmer: Val Kilmer is the Latest Batman—Will This Role Finally Provide the Actor Star Power?” Entertainment Weekly, Jun 30, 1995
169 Busch, Anita M., “’Batman’ Lightens Up,” Daily Variety, May 5, 1995, p. 14
170 —, “An Internet Site For ‘Batman,’ The New York Times, May 19, 1995, p. D2
171 Barboza, David, “The Media Business: Advertising; The Frontier in Movie Promotion is—You Guessed It—the Internet. But Will it Help the Box Office?” The New York Times, Aug. 22, 1995, http://www.nytimes.com/1995/08/22/business/media-business-advertising-frontier-movie-promotion-you-guessed-it-internet-but.html?pagewanted=2&src=pm, accessed Sept. 20, 2011
172 Murray, Steve, Eleanor Ringel and Tom Sabulis, “Movie Buzz: ‘Batman’ junket is partial to TV,” The Atlanta Constitution, May 7, 1995, p. M2
173 Smith, Liz, “Val Kilmer Hotter Than You Think,” San Francisco Chronicle, Jun 6, 1995, p. E3
174 Ehrman, Mark, “There Was No Robbin’ Fans of a Bat Time,” The Los Angeles Times, Jun 12, 1995, p. 2
175 Ibid.
176 Ibid.
177 Miller, Abigail D. and Cesar G. Soriano, “Fans Wanted to See Batman,” Washington Times, Jun 16, 1995, p. C14
178 Horn, John, “The Movie Pols a Bipartisan Turnout for ‘Batman’ Screening,” The Buffalo (NY) News, Jun 23, 1995, p. G.23
179 Ibid.
180 Belluck, Pam, “A Bigger Stage for a Senator,” The New York Times, Jul 12 2008, p. A.9
181 Miller, Abigail D. and Cesar G. Soriano, “Fans Wanted to See Batman,” Washington Times, Jun 16, 1995, p. C14
182 Zuckman, Jill, “Washington Notebook: Leahy Savors Role in Batman’s Shadow,” The Boston Globe, Jun 17, 1995, p. 3
183 Lowry, Brian, “Film Review: Batman Forever,” Daily Variety, June 14, 1995, p. 4
Billion Dollar Batman Page 48
