Diamond, M. 1976. The American idea of man: The view from the founding. In The Americans: 1976. An Inquiry into Fundamental Concepts of Man Underlying Various U.S. Institutions. Vol. 2. I. Kristol and P. Weaver (eds.). Lexington, Mass.: Lexington Books, pp. 1-23.
Dillon, H. J. 1949. Early School Leavers: A Major Educational Problem. New York: National Child Labor Committee.
Dilts, S. W. (ed.). 1991. Peterson’s Guide to Four-Year Colleges. 21st ed. Princeton, N.J.: Peterson’s Guides.
Donlon, T. F. (ed.). 1984. The College Board Technical Handbook for the Scholastic Aptitude Test and Achievement Tests. New York: College Entrance Examination Board.
Donnelly, B. W., and Voydanoff, P. 1991. Factors associated with releasing for adoption among adolescent mothers. Family Relations 40:404-410.
Donohue, J. J., III, and Heckman, J. 1991. Continuous versus episodic change: The impact of civil rights policy on the economic status of blacks. J. of Econ. Literature 29:1603-1643.
Downs, A. 1957. An Economic Theory of Democracy. New York: Harper.
Drotar, D., and Sturm, L. 1989. Influences on the home environment of preschool children with early histories of nonorganic failure-to-thrive. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics 10:229-235.
Dubin, J. A., Osburn, H., and Winick, D. M. 1969. Speed and practice: Effects on Negro and white test performance. J. of Applied Psych. 53:19-23.
Dumaret, A., and Stewart, J. T. 1985. IQ, scholastic performance and behaviour of sibs raised in contrasting environments. J. of Child Psych., and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines 26:553-580.
Duncan, G. J. 1993. Economic deprivation and early-childhood development. Ann Arbor, Mich.: Social Science Research Center. Photocopy.
Duncan, G. J., and Hoffman, S. D. 1990. Welfare benefits, economic opportunities, and out-of-wedlock births among black teenage girls. Demography 27:519-535.
Duncan, G. J., and Laren, D. 1990. Neighborhood Correlates of Teen Births and Dropping Out: Preliminary Results from the PSID-Geocode File. Ann Arbor, Mich.: SSRC Working Group on Communities and Neighborhoods, Family Processes and Individual Development. Social Science Research Center.
Duncan, O. D. 1952. Is the intelligence of the general population declining? Am. Sociological Rev. 17:401-407.
Duncan, O. D. 1968. Ability and achievement. Eugenics Quarterly 15:1-11.
Dunnette, M. D. 1976. Aptitudes, abilities, and skills. In Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. M. D. Dunnette (ed.). Chicago: Rand McNally College Publishing Company, pp. 473-520.
Dyer, H. S. 1987. The effects of coaching for Scholastic Aptitude. NASSP Bull. 71:46-53.
Dyer, P. J. 1970. Effects of test conditions on Negro-white differences in test scores. Ph.D. dissertation, Columbia University.
E. F. Wonderlic & Associates, I. 1983. Wonderlic Personnel Test Manual. Northfield, Ill.: E. F. Wonderlic & Associates.
Eagle, E. 1988a. High School and Beyond: Educational Experiences of the 1980 Senior Class. Berkeley, Cal.: MPR Associates.
Eagle, E. 1988b. National Longitudinal Study 1972: Educational Experiences of the 1972 Senior Class. Berkeley, Cal.: MPR Associates.
Eberstein, I. W., and Parker, J. R. 1984. Racial differences in infant mortality by cause of death: The impact of birth weight and maternal age. Demography 21:309-321.
Eells, K., et al. 1951. Intelligence and Cultural Differences. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Egeland, B., Breitenbucher, M., and Rosenberg, D. 1980. Prospective study of the significance of life stress in the etiology of child abuse. J. of Consulting and Clinical Psych. 48:195-205.
Eggebeen, D. J., and Lichter, D. T. 1991. Race, family structure, and changing poverty among American children. Am. Sociological Rev. 56:801-817.
Elliot, R. 1988. Tests, abilities, race, and conflict. Intelligence 12:333-350.
Elliott, D. S., and Ageton, S. S. 1980. Reconciling race and class differences in self-reported and official estimates of delinquency. Am. Sociological Rev. 45:95-110.
Elliott, D. S., and Voss, H. 1974. Delinquency and Dropout. Lexington Mass.: Lexington Books.
Elliott, R. 1987. Litigating Intelligence: IQ Tests, Special Education, and Social Science in the Courtroom. Dover, Mass.: Auburn House.
Ellis, L., and Nyborg, H. 1992. Racial/ethnic variations in male testosterone levels: A probable contributor to group differences in health. Steroids 57:1-4.
Ellwood, D. 1986a. Targeting the “Would-Be” Long-Term Recipient: Who Should Be Served?. Princeton, N.J.: Mathematica Policy Research.
Ellwood, D. T. 1986b. The spatial mismatch hypothesis. In The Black Youth Employment Crisis. R. B. Freeman and H. J. Holzer (eds.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Ellwood, D. T. 1988. Poor Support: Poverty in the American Family. New York: Basic Books.
Ellwood, D., and Bane, M. J. 1985. The impact of AFDC on family structure and living arrangements. In Research in Labor Economics, Vol. 7. R. G. Ehrenberg (ed.). Greenwich, Conn.: JAI Press, pp. 137-207.
Ellwood, D. T., and Crane, J. 1990. Family change among black Americans: What do we know? J. of Econ. Perspectives 4:65-84.
Epstein, R. A. 1990. The paradox of civil rights. Yale Law and Policy Rev. 8:299-319.
Epstein, R. A. 1992. Forbidden Grounds: The Case against Employment Discrimination Laws. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
Ervin, L., Hogrebe, M. C., Dwinell, P. L., and Newman, I. 1984. Comparison of the prediction of academic performance for college developmental students and regularly admitted students. Psychological Reports 54:319-327.
Etzioni, A. 1975. Grade inflation. Science 190:101.
Eyferth, K. 1961. Leistungen verschiedener Gruppen von Besatzungskindern in Hamburg-Wechsler Intelligenztest für Kinder (HAWIK). Archiv für die gesamte Psychologie 113:222-241.
Eysenck, H. J. 1991. Raising I.Q. through vitamin and mineral supplementation: An introduction. Personality and Individual Differences 12:329-333.
Faculty of Arts and Sciences. 1960. Admission to Harvard College. Report by the Special Committee on College Admission Policy. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University.
Falconer, D. S. 1966. Genetic consequences of selection pressure. In Genetic and Environmental Factors in Human Ability. J. E. Meade and A. S. Parkes (eds.). Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd, pp. 219-232.
Falconer, D. S. 1989. An Introduction to Quantitative Genetics. 3d ed. New York: Wiley.
Fallows, J. 1980. The tests and the brightest: How fair are the College Boards? Atlantic Monthly (February): 37-48.
Fallows, J. 1985. The case against credentialism. Atlantic Monthly (December): 49-67.
Farrell, T. J. 1983. IQ and standard English. College Composition and Communication 34:470-484.
Farrington, D. P., and West, D. J. 1990. The Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development: A long-term follow-up of 411 London males. In Criminality: Personality, Behavior, Life History. H. J. Kerner and G. Kaiser (eds.). New York: Springer-Verlag, pp. 115-138.
Farver, A. S., Sedlacek, W. E., and Brooks, G. C. 1975. Longitudinal predictions of university grades for blacks and whites. Measurement and Evaluation in Guidance 7:243-250.
Featherstone, J. 1971. Schools Where Children Learn. New York: Liveright.
Federal Bureau of Investigation. 1993. Crime in the United States 1992: Uniform Crime Reports. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.
Feinberg, L. 1988. Black freshman enrollment rises 46% at U-Va. The Washington Post, Dec. 26, p. C1.
Field, T. M., Widmayer, S. M., Stringer, S., and Ignatoff, E. 1993. Teenage, lower-class, black mothers and their preterm infants: An intervention and developmental follow-up. Child Development 51:426-436.
Fierman, J. 1987. What it takes to be rich in America. Fortune, April 13, pp. 22-29.
Figueroa, R. A. 1983. Test bias and Hispanic children. J. of Special Education 17:431-440.
Figueroa, R. A., and Sassenrath, J. M. 1989. A Longitudinal Study of the Predictive Validity of the System of Multicultural Plura
listic Assessment (SOMPA). Psych. in the Schools 26:5-15.
Filer, R. K. 1981. The influence of affective human capital on the wage equation.
In Research in Labor Economics, vol. IV. R. Ehrenberg (ed.). Greenwich, Conn.: JAI Press, pp. 367-409.
Finch, F. E. 1946. Enrollment Increases and Changes in the Mental Level of the High School Population. Stanford, Cal.: Stanford University Press.
Finn, C. E., Jr. 1991. We Must Take Charge: Our Schools and Our Future. New York: Free Press.
Fisher, A. B. 1992. The new debate over the very rich. Fortune, June 29, pp. 42-54.
Fiske, E. B. 1984. Are they “dumbing down” the textbooks? Principal 64:44.
Fletcher, J. F., and Forbes, H. D. 1990. Education, occupation and vote in Canada, 1965-1984. Canadian Rev. of Sociology and Anthropology 27:441-461.
Fletcher, R. 1991. Intelligence, equality, character, and education. Intelligence 15:139-149.
Flinn, C. J., and Heckman, J. J. 1983. Are unemployment and out of the labor force behaviorally distinct labor force states? J. of Labor Economics 1:28-42.
Flynn, J. R. 1980. Race, IQ, and Jensen. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
Flynn, J. R. 1984. The mean IQ of Americans: Massive gains 1932 to 1978. Psychological Bull. 95:29-51.
Flynn, J. R. 1987a. Massive IQ gains in 14 nations: What IQ tests really measure. Psychological Bull. 101:171-191.
Flynn, J. R. 1987b. The ontology of intelligence. In Measurement, Realism, and Objectivity. J. Forge (ed.). New York: D. Reidel, pp. 1-40.
Flynn, J. R. 1989. Rushton, evolution and race: An essay on intelligence and virtue. Psychologist 2:363-366.
Flynn, J. R. 1991. Asian Americans: Achievement beyond IQ. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Flynn, T. M. 1984. Counterstatement: Responses to Thomas J. Farrell, “IQ and standard English” (with a reply by Thomas J. Farrell). College Composition and Communication 35:455-479.
Fogel, R. W. 1992. Egalitarianism: The economic revolution of the twentieth century. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University. Photocopy.
Ford, J. K., Kraiger, K., and Schechtman, S. L. 1986. Study of race effects in objective indices and subjective evaluations of performance: A meta-analysis of performance criteria. Psychological Bull. 99:330-337.
Forrest, D. W. 1974. Francis Galton: The Life and Work of a Victorian Genius. New York: Taplinger.
Fossett, M. A., and Kiecolt, K. J. 1993. Mate availability and family structure among African Americans in U.S. metropolitan areas. J. of Marriage and the Family 55:288-302.
Frederiksen, N. 1986. Toward a broader conception of human intelligence. Am. Psychologist 41:445-452.
Freeman, R. B. 1976. The Overeducated American. New York: Academic Press.
Freeman, R. B. 1983. Crime and unemployment. In Crime and Public Policy. J. Q. Wilson (ed.). San Francisco: Institute for Contemporary Studies, pp. 89-106.
Freeman, R. B. 1984. Affirmative action: Good, bad, or irrelevant? New Perspectives 16:23-27.
Friedman, M. 1962. Capitalism and Freedom. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Friedman, S. B., and Morse, C. W. 1974. Child abuse: A 5-year follow-up of early case finding in the emergency department. Pediatrics 54:404-410.
Friedman, T., and Williams, E. B. 1982. Current use of tests for employment. In Ability Testing: Uses, Consequences, and Controversies, Vol. 2. A. K. Wigdor and W. R. Garner (eds.). Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, pp. 99-169.
Frydman, M., and Lynn, R. 1989. The intelligence of Korean children adopted in Belgium. Personality and Individual Differences 10:1323-1325.
Fryer, D. 1922. Occupational-intelligence standards. School and Society 16:273-276.
Fuchs, D., and Fuchs, L. S. 1986. Test procedure bias: A meta-analysis of examiner familiarity effects. Rev. of Educational Research 56:243-262.
Furstenberg, F. F., Jr., Morgan, S. P., Moore, K. A., and Peterson, J. L. 1987. Race differences in the timing of adolescent intercourse. Am. Sociological Rev. 52:511-518.
Gabriel, P. E. 1991. A comparison of the occupational distributions of native-and foreign-born males: An immigration consideration. Am. J. of Econ. and Sociology 50:351-364.
Galton, F. 1869. Hereditary Genius: An Inquiry into Its Laws and Consequences. 1892 ed. London: Macmillan.
Galton, F. 1883. Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development. London: Macmillan.
Galton, F. 1888. Co-relations and their measurement, chiefly from anthropological data. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 45:135-145.
Gamble, T. J., and Zigler, E. 1989. The Head Start synthesis project: A critique. J. of Applied Developmental Psych. 10:267-274.
Garbarino, J., and Crouter, A. 1978. Defining the community context for parent-child relations: The correlates of child maltreatment. Child Development 49:604-616.
Garber, H. L. 1988. The Milwaukee Project: Preventing Mental Retardation in Children at Risk. Washington, D.C.: American Association on Mental Retardation.
Garber, H. L., and Hodge, J. D. 1991. Understanding intervention, inoculation, and risk for intellectual deceleration: A reply to Locurto. Intelligence 15:317-325.
Gardner, H. 1983. Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. New York: Basic Books.
Gergen, K. J., and Ullman, M. 1977. Socialization and the characterological basis of political activism. In Handbook of Political Socialization. S. A. Renshon (ed.). New York: Free Press, pp. 411-442.
Ghiselin, M. T., and Scudo, F. M. 1986. The bioeconomics of phenotypic selection. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9:194-195.
Ghiselli, E. E. 1966. The Validity of Occupational Aptitude Tests. New York: Wiley.
Ghiselli, E. E. 1973. The validity of aptitude tests in personnel selection. Personnel Psych. 26:461-477.
Ghiselli, E. E., and Brown, C. W. 1947. Learning in accident reduction. J. of Applied Psych. 31:580-582.
Gifford, B. R. (ed.). 1989. Test Policy and the Politics of Opportunity Allocation: The Workplace and the Law. Boston: Kluwer Academic.
Gil, D. 1970. Violence Against Children. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
Gilder, G. 1986. Men and Marriage. Gretna, La.: Pelican Publishing.
Gionfriddo, J. J. 1985. The Dumbing Down of Textbooks: An Analysis of Six Textbook Editions during a Twelve Year Span. Ph.D. dissertation, Kean College.
Glass, G. V. 1976. Primary, secondary, and meta-analytic research. Educational Researcher 5:3-8.
Glass, G. V., McGaw, B., and Smith, M. L. 1981. Meta-Analysis in Social Research. Beverly Hills, Cal.: Sage Publications.
Glazer, N. 1988. The Limits of Social Policy. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
Goddard, H. H. 1914. Feeble-Mindedness. Its Causes and Consequences. New York: Macmillan.
Goldman, R. D., and Hewitt, B. N. 1976. Predicting the success of black, Chicano, Oriental and white college students. J. of Educational Measurement 13:107-117.
Goldman, R. D., and Richards, R. 1974. The SAT prediction of grades for Mexican-American versus Anglo-American students at the University of California, Riverside. J. of Educational Measurement 11:129-135.
Goldman, R. D., and Widawski, M. H. 1976. An analysis of types of errors in the selection of minority college students. J. of Educational Measurement 13:185-200.
Goodman, P. 1962. Growing Up Absurd: Problems of Youth in the Organized Society. New York: Vintage Books.
Goodnow, J. J., Cashmore, J., Cotton, S., and Knight, R. 1984. Mothers’ developmental timetables in two cultural groups. International J. of Psych. 19:193-205.
Gordon, R. A. 1984. Digits backward and the Mercer-Kamin Law: An empirical response to Mercer’s treatment of internal validity of IQ tests. In Perspectives on “Bias in Mental Testing.” C. R. Reynolds and R. T. Brown (eds.). New York: Plenum Press, pp. 357-506.
Gordon, R. A. 1987. SES versus IQ in the race-IQ-delinquency model. International J. of Sociology and Social Policy 7:30-96.
Gordon, R. A. 1976. Prevalence: The rare datum i
n delinquency measurement and its implications for the theory of delinquency. In The Juvenile Justice System. M. W. Klein (ed.). Beverly Hills, Cal.: Sage Publications, pp. 201-284.
Goring, C. 1913. The English Convict: A Statistical Study. London: Darling and Son.
Gottfredson, L. S. 1986. Societal consequences of the g factor in employment. J. of Vocational Behavior 29:379-410.
Gottfredson, M. R., and Hirschi, T. 1990. A General Theory of Crime. Stanford, Cal.: Stanford University Press.
Gottfried, A. W. 1984. Home environment and early cognitive development: Integration, meta-analyses, and conclusions. In Home Environment and Early Cognitive Development. A. W. Gottfried (ed.). Orlando, Fla.: Academic Press, pp. 329-342.
Gould, S. J. 1978. Morton’s ranking of races by cranial capacity. Science 200:503-509.
Gould, S. J. 1981. The Mismeasure of Man. New York: W. W. Norton.
Gould, S. J. 1984. Human equality is a contingent fact of history. Natural History, November, pp. 26-33.
Gove, P. B. (ed.). 1964. Webster’s Third New International Dictionary of the English Language Unabridged. Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam.
Granberg, D., and Holmberg, S. 1990. The intention-behavior relationship among U.S., and Swedish voters. Social Psych. Quarterly 53:44-54.
Griliches, Z. 1970. Notes on the role of education in production functions and growth accounting. Education, Income and Human Capital 35:71-127.
Grossman, M. 1975. The correlation between health and schooling. In Household Production and Consumption. N. E. Terleckyj (ed.). New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 147-211.
Guilford, J. P. 1967. The Nature of Human Intelligence. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Guion, R. M. 1983. Comments on Hunter. In Performance Measurement and Theory. Frank Landy, S. Zedeck, and J. Cleveland (eds.). Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 267-275.
Gustafsson, J.-E. 1992. The “Spearman hypothesis” is false. Multivariate Behavioral Research 27:265-267.
Guterman, S. S. 1979. IQ tests in research on social stratification: The cross-class validity of the tests. Sociology of Education 52:163-173.
Guttman, L. 1992. The irrelevance of factor analysis for the study of group differences. Multivariate Behavioral Research 27:175-204.
The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life Page 95
