by Sheila Hale
Charles VIII, King of France, 35, 67, 80, 112, 271, 764n8
Charles IX, King of France, 622, 667, 694
Chigi, Agostino, 105–6, 111, 236, 256, 543
Cicero, 9, 73, 451, 723, 740n9
Cima da Conegliano, 56, 120, 392, 744n2
Cimabue, 13, 51
Clement VII (Pope, 1523–34), 194, 220–1, 229, 237, 264, 268–9, 338, 350, 757–8n11
Clement VIII, (Pope, 1592–1605), 733
Codussi, Mario, 29
Cognac, League of, 222–3
Colonna, Isabella, 295, 296, 302
Colonna, Vittoria, Marchioness of Pescara, 250, 305, 306, 307, 309, 313, 371, 430, 431, 759n4
Conegliano, 16, 409, 635
Constable, John, 17, 277, 738n20
Constantinople, 30, 54, 207, 243, 399, 595, 663, 667, 709, 764n17; Fall of (1453), 32, 40, 65; Peace of (1573), 668
Contarini, Gasparo, Cardinal, 109, 110, 270, 281, 283, 387, 429, 430, 431, 478, 754n1; De magistratibus et republica venetorum, 109, 283
Cornaro, Alvise, 100
Cornaro, Andrea, Bishop of Brescia, 436, 745n8
Cornaro, Caterina, deposed Queen of Cyprus, 33, 142, 765n19
Cornovi della Vecchia, Antonio and Pietro, 563, 614
Correggio, 266, 279, 331, 463, 464, 479, 480, 512, 522, 533; Danaë, 463; Loves of Jupiter, 512
Cort, Cornelis, 618, 635, 636, 645, 671
Cortés, Hernán, 325
Costa, Lorenzo, 174, 260, 353
Counter-Reformation (also Catholic Reformation), xiv, 36, 158, 279, 280–1, 304, 309, 420, 429, 430, 432, 441, 462, 487, 574, 620, 626, 667, 675, 690, 764n3
Courtesans and prostitutes, 28, 35, 36, 37, 118, 128, 146, 147, 149, 184, 197, 236, 250, 304, 305, 309, 339, 340, 341, 343, 349, 372, 429, 452, 453, 462, 464, 476, 635, 690, 694, 734, 739n20, 762n12
Cranach, Lucas, 311, 528
Crasso, Niccolò, 616–7
Crépy, Treaty of (1544), 458
Crowe, J. A. & Cavalcaselle, G. B., xiv, xv, 150, 230, 278, 341, 396, 473, 616, 651, 738n14, 742n17, 749n25, 759n4, 767n18, 771n4, 771n10, 771–2n4, 775n2, 784n16, 784n26
Cyprus, War of (1570–73), 662
D’Alviano, Bartolomeo, 81, 82, 208, 390, 768n22
D’Anna family, Chiara, 561; Giovanni, 433–5, 487, 561, 614, 643, 650, 677, 781n16; Paolo, 674, 694, 730, 781n16, 784n17, 787n5
D’Aragona, Giulia, 274, 296, 302, 308, 315
D’Armagnac, George, Bishop of Rodez, 413
D’Avalos, Alfonso, Marquis of Pescara and Vasto, 305, 306, 315, 319, 321, 324, 331–2, 354 (see also Tunis, Conquest of), 387, 417, 418, 419, 434, 517, 759n4, 760n16, 768n28; death of, 471
Da Ponte, Giulia, 142, 584
Da Ponte, Paolo, 584, 585, 586, 758n18
Da Udine, Giovanni, 447, 770n13
Dalle Bande Nere, Giovanni (Medici), 234, 236–7, 238, 239, 241, 244, 371, 456, 457, 763n13
Dante, 1, 33, 103, 327, 670, 713, 739n11
De los Cobos, Francisco, 295, 296, 297, 298, 301, 303, 321, 330, 331, 332, 333, 351, 358, 362, 410, 761n13, 764n18
De Soria, Lope, 334, 336, 354, 355, 362, 379, 387, 409
De’ Barbari, Jacopo, 21–5, 31, 39–40, 42, 88, 115
De’ Franceschi, Andrea, 316, 394, 479, 760n17
De’ Gregoriis, Gregorio, 116, 743–4n27
Del Monte, Innocenzo del, see Pope Julius III
Del Sarto, Andrea, 201, 468; copy of Raphael’s Portrait of Leo X and his Cousins, 201
Del Vaga, Perino, 460, 465, 647, 713, 772n18
Della Casa, Giovanni, 407, 452, 453, 455, 458, 462, 482, 502, 519, 522, 538, 558, 770n1, 771n3, 771–2n4, 774n20
Della Rovere, Eleonora, see Gonzaga family, Eleonora
Della Rovere, Francesco Maria, Duke of Urbino, 118, 224, 266, 269, 309, 315, 321, 330, 336, 343, 345–8, 353, 366, 367, 391, 402, 761–2n5, 762n17
Della Rovere, Guidobaldo II, Duke of Urbino, 344, 363, 391, 413, 445, 459, 473, 486, 490, 552, 553, 680, 693, 706, 761–2n5, 762n12, 762n7, 770n11, 772n12
Dente, Girolamo, 130, 215, 297, 612, 631, 646, 679
Di San Fior, Celso, 552, 726–28, 730
Di Spilimbergo, Irene, 584–5
Dianti, Laura Eustochia, 183, 199, 751n18
Dolce, Lodovico, 6, 7, 12, 47, 49, 52, 55, 113, 119, 146, 159, 287, 364, 369, 374, 375, 389, 390, 391, 520, 529, 530, 534, 601, 607, 608, 737n5, 738n3, 738n4, 740n12, 776n20; L’Aretino, xiv, 44, 50–1, 369, 466, 544–5, 556, 642
Domenichino, 277
Don Carlos, 323, 511, 591, 652, 775n1
Don John of Austria, 483, 568, 651, 652, 664, 665, 720, 781n1
Donà, Francesco (Doge, 1545–53), 312, 389, 466–7, 478, 536, 766n28, 773n6
Donatello, 50, 93, 102, 103
Doni, Anton Francesco, 366, 371, 374, 375, 389, 535, 554–5, 558
Doria, Gian Andrea, 354, 398, 510, 595, 662
Dossi, Dosso, 170, 174, 175, 182, 183, 257
Dowries, 9, 10, 11, 36, 37, 41, 43, 60, 151, 152, 171, 256, 274, 300, 326, 341, 378, 404–5, 477, 491, 518, 519, 550, 551, 552, 659, 728, 730, 733, 765n19, 777n2, 777–8n3, 782n2
Dürer, Albrecht, 48, 53–4, 59, 93, 115, 135–6, 162, 311, 333, 601, 707, 739n18, 740n6, 769n7; Madonna of the Siskin, 135–6; Triumph of Maximilian, 115
Egmont and Hoorn, Counts of, 624–5, 652, 695
El Greco, 389, 738n7
Eliot, George, 651, 747n41
Elizabeth de Valois, 591, 594, 624, 652, 653, 775n1
Elizabeth I, Queen of England, 454, 510, 590
England, 20, 28, 46, 207, 271, 273, 410, 435, 503, 523, 538, 539, 540, 564, 567, 570, 590, 625, 667, 768n25; English Reformation, 221
Erasmus of Rotterdam, 14, 28, 32, 33, 131–2, 293, 327, 328, 373, 509, 558, 740n9
Escorial, 496, 514, 578, 618, 626, 628, 631, 634, 650, 691, 707, 708, 786n4
Este family, Alfonso I, Duke of Ferrara, 60, 82, 118, 148, 161–4, 169–76, 178, 179, 180, 181–5, 186, 187–8, 190–3, 194, 196–200, 203, 204, 205, 210, 211, 212, 214, 223, 239, 251, 256–8, 261, 263, 264, 268, 273, 274, 284, 287, 292, 302, 313, 332, 333, 351, 352, 364, 402, 416, 531, 577, 650, 706, 733, 746n7, 748n45, 748n50, 750n5, 750n7, 750n12, 751n2, 751n3, 751n18, 752n6, 752n8, 760–1n8, 761n13, 763n2, 772n6, 780n2, 787–8n7; Alfonso II, 577, 733, 748n50; Ercole I, 170, 179; Ercole II, 214, 223, 268, 332, 351–2, 760n4, 761n13, 764n17; Ippolito, 171, 172, 180, 181, 416, 582, 750n1; Isabella, 12, 57, 59, 163, 173, 174, 175, 183, 184, 200, 209, 224, 245, 259, 270, 274, 300, 301, 302, 346, 352, 353, 362, 752n20
Famagusta, Siege of (1571), 662–3, 715, 783n6
Farnese family, Alessandro (see Pope Paul III); Alessandro, Cardinal (grandson of Pope Paul III), 436–7, 439, 447, 452, 461–3, 469, 482, 502, 522, 563, 638, 658, 770–1n3, 772n7, 776n1; Pier Luigi, Duke of Parma and Piacenza, 413, 441, 443, 461, 467, 469, 471, 772n14; Orazio, 441, 462, 469; Ottavio, 441, 443, 449, 461, 469, 470, 471, 472, 526, 543, 593, 770n5, 772n16; Ranuccio, 436, 437, 438, 439, 441, 448, 449, 462
Ferdinand of Aragon, 82, 323
Ferdinand of Austria, 705–6
Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria and King of Bohemia and Hungary (later Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor), 220, 267, 272, 327, 330, 335, 400, 485, 491, 492, 493, 499, 501, 521, 523
Fernandez Navarrette, Juan, 631–2
Ferrara, 42, 102, 113, 118, 148, 161, 162, 170–4, 176, 179–80, 182–3, 187, 188–91, 193, 194–8, 200, 204, 205, 210, 212, 213–14, 256–7, 258, 259, 261, 263, 264, 268, 273, 329, 332, 351, 352, 395, 439, 459, 642, 733, 742n11, 751n18, 752n17, 754n11, 754n13, 754n14, 756n9, 760n7, 763n18
Flanders, 20, 28, 222, 265, 267, 269, 446, 502, 510, 511, 573, 620, 625, 651, 667, 758n10
Florence, xiv, 48, 50, 115, 118, 119, 123, 165, 174, 222, 226, 239, 240, 256, 257, 264, 272, 282, 285, 338, 345, 349, 354, 367, 389, 428, 440, 456, 457, 464, 472, 591, 643, 722, 733, 757–8n11, 759n4, 763n13, 763n23, 767n14, 776n14, 779n7
Foix, Odet de, Seigneur de Lautrec, 162–3
Fontana, Giulio, 389, 390, 706
Fra Bartol
ommeo, 157, 174, 175, 746n9
Fra Germano, 159, 161, 216
France, 28, 67, 80–2, 83, 84, 85, 106, 108, 109, 113, 121, 124, 131, 170, 172, 173, 180, 191, 201, 205, 206, 207, 208, 220, 221, 222, 223, 228, 238, 239, 242, 263, 270, 273, 275, 280, 282, 319, 323, 325, 326, 327, 328, 346, 355, 356, 357, 358, 387, 399, 412, 413, 419, 441, 442, 444, 446, 469, 472, 492, 523, 538, 539, 545, 564, 567, 570, 590, 591, 621, 622, 651, 667, 694, 756n17, 772n16, 783n10; Franco-Ottoman Alliance (1536), 222, 356, 386, 399, 622; French Wars of Religion (1562–98), 622
Francia, Francesco, 353
Francis I, King of France, 131, 132, 161, 204, 208, 220, 224, 228, 238, 262, 268, 324, 325, 326, 332, 333, 342, 348, 355, 356, 357, 358, 368, 386, 389, 417, 442, 447, 458, 462, 497, 738n8, 754–5n5, 760n4, 763n10; capture at Pavia, 221–2; death of, 483
Franco, Niccolò, 374–5
Frederick I Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor, 76, 121, 123, 208, 390, 608, 765–6n9
Freud, Lucian, 149, 579
Frundsberg, George van, 223–4
Fugger family, 484, 489–90, 496, 499, 500, 528, 644–5, 647–9, 773n1, 774n12; Anton, 490; Fugger Bank, 325, 567
Gabrieli, Andrea, 665, 783n7
Gainsborough, Thomas, 277, 268n25
Gambara, Veronica, 270, 286
Gattinara, Mercurio de, 328, 491
Géricault, Théodore, 277, copy of Titian’s Death of St Peter Martyr, 277
Germany, xiii, xiv, 3, 4, 6, 16, 28, 30, 38, 47, 75, 81, 87, 88, 89, 92, 108, 113, 117, 122, 205, 223, 224, 248, 261, 269, 270, 271, 273, 274, 275, 280, 281, 288, 301, 318–9, 322, 325, 327, 328, 338, 358, 432, 443, 445, 446, 473, 474, 478, 481, 482, 483, 488, 489, 490, 492, 497, 502, 504, 509, 513, 528, 564, 565, 566, 567, 624, 625, 645, 648, 652, 689; Arts in, 54, 528, 548, 738n21, 739n14; Schmalkaldic League (see also Battle of Mühlberg), 319, 478, 482, 483–4
Giberti, Gianmatteo, Bishop of Verona, 237, 238, 281, 288, 370, 430, 432
Gilbert, Josiah, 255, 256
Giorgione, 6, 13, 16, 29, 39, 42, 49, 52, 56, 58, 64, 87, 90–8, 106, 114, 120, 134, 137, 138, 139, 141, 143, 145, 150, 159, 192–3, 285, 414, 643, 689, 711, 732, 740n14, 740n24, 742n4, 742n8, 742n12, 742n17, 747n33, 762n14, 768n22, 778n6; Portrait of a Man (‘Terris’ Portrait), 1506, 146; Portrait of Laura, 94; Tempesta, 95, 414; The Three Philosophers, 94; Young Man in a Lavender Jerkin, 747n33
Giotto, 13, 51, 102, 103, 105
Giovio, Paolo, 205, 270, 282, 350, 430, 434, 443, 454, 455, 475, 750n16, 772n7
Giustiniani, Tommaso, 108–9
Golden Fleece, Order of the, 323, 330, 496, 565, 623
Gómez de Silva, Ruy, Prince of Eboli, 696, 699
Gonzaga family, Eleonora, 343, 347, 761–2n5; Ercole, Cardinal, 360, 361, 364, 365, 432, 516, 775n7; Ferrante, 202, 209, 213, 224, 275, 295, 302, 312, 321, 324, 329, 352, 354, 355, 358, 471–2, 500, 518–9, 556, 774n17, 779n8; Francesco, 303, 364, 502; Giulia, 337, 339, 342, 430; Vincenzo, 733–4
Gonzaga, Federico, Marquis, then Duke of Mantua (see also Paleologo, Margherita and Maria), 174, 183, 199, 200–3, 234, 237, 238, 240, 258, 259, 261–2, 264, 265–8, 271, 274–5, 291, 292–3, 295–6, 297, 300–3, 305–8, 313, 321, 329, 330, 334, 336, 352, 355, 356, 357, 358, 360, 362, 363–4, 367, 402, 436, 463, 468, 512, 516, 654, 714, 734, 752n2, 752n19, 752n21, 756n16, 758n7, 759n4, 762n15, 778n6
Gozzi, Alvise, 178, 402
Grand Tour, 732, 786–7n11, 788n15
Grimani, Antonio (Doge, 1521–23), 111, 112, 196, 205, 206, 208, 211, 584, 630, 731, 753n4, 753n5, 777n7, 785n12
Grimani, Domenico, Cardinal, 228, 394
Gritti, Andrea (Doge, 1523–38), 101, 205–9, 211, 221, 223, 225–8, 234, 242, 243, 249, 263–4, 281, 282, 283, 284, 312, 313, 315, 345, 361, 367, 372, 380, 381–2, 386, 390, 397–8, 402, 478, 680, 731, 753n4, 758n16, 766n31, 777n2, 777n7
Guicciardini, Francesco, 232, 270, 282–2
Guzmán de Silva, Diego, 705, 707–08
Guzmán y Zúñiga, Antonio, Marquis of Ayamonte, 708, 720
Hazlitt, William, 18, 278, 738n24, 746n16
Henry II, King of France, 441, 462, 523, 582, 591, 593
Henry III, King of France and Poland, 435, 694
Henry VIII, King of England, 228, 232, 264, 271, 294, 325, 410, 429, 442, 483, 538
Hernández, García, 573, 575, 582, 593, 596–8, 627–8, 629, 630, 631, 633, 661
Hope, Charles, 731, 738n11, 740n5, 742n3, 742n22, 751n2, 754n14, 755n2, 755n5, 755n15, 759n9, 761n5, 762n17, 763n10, 767n17, 770n16, 772n1, 774n17, 775n7, 778n6, 779n7, 780n20, 786n18, 787n5, 787n17
Huguenots, 591, 622, 651
Hurtado de Mendoza, Diego, 362, 376, 409, 486, 542, 601
Hurtado de Mendoza, Juan, 522, 523, 533
Hypnerotomachia Polifili, 34, 749n11
Index of Prohibited Books, 519, 558, 559
Inflation, xiii, 37, 43, 110, 255, 283, 327, 398, 567–8, 621, 624, 690, 777n2, 779n3
Inquisition, 281, 431, 432, 478, 495, 511, 519, 559, 616, 624, 690, 691, 771n6, 778n12
Isabella of Portugal, 324, 325–6, 379, 383, 444, 481, 482, 486, 487, 496, 511, 512, 528, 548, 558, 566, 568, 770n8, 774n9
James, Henry, 61–2
John Frederick, Landgrave and Elector of Saxony (see also Germany, Schmalkaldic League), 319, 48–5, 493, 497, 528
John XXIII, Pope (1958–63), 592
Juana of Austria, Princess of Portugal, 326, 511, 548, 568, 594
Julius II (Pope, 1503–13), 80, 82, 117, 119, 120, 171, 172, 178, 191, 201, 345, 350, 473, 645, 733, 772m12, 787n7
Julius III (Pope, 1550–55), 371, 473, 525, 538, 553, 667
Kitaj, R. B., 718
Kossof, Leon, 718
Lampsonius, Dominique, 638–9
Lando, Pietro (Doge, 1539–45), 398, 399, 417, 758n16, 767n18, 769n7, 773n6, 777n7
Leo X (Pope, 1513–21), xiii, 106, 109, 117, 118, 161, 173, 183, 191, 201, 220, 234, 236, 325, 345, 733
Leonardi, Gian Giacomo, 343–5, 347, 490–1, 762n17, 780n2
Leonardo da Vinci, xiii, 12, 16, 47, 119, 123, 174, 182, 260, 285, 287, 333, 738n8, 750n14; Battle of Anghiari, 389; Last Supper, 419, 760n15; On painting and sculpture, 128, 142, 143
Leoni, Gian Francesco, 436, 437, 438
Leoni, Leone, 247, 328, 436, 497, 513, 527, 779n7, 779n8; attempt on Orazio’s life, 571–5, 583, 595; Fury in Chains at the Foot of the Emperor, 497; Triumph of Ferrante Gonzaga over Envy, 779n8
Lepanto, Battle of (1571), 483, 664–8, 678, 689, 693, 705, 706, 709, 766n12, 783n11
Levant, 3, 4, 20, 28, 30, 40, 41, 45, 84, 91, 110, 220, 386, 407, 664
Leyva, Antonio de, 331, 355
Livy, 670
Lomazzo, Giovanni Paolo, vii, 17, 127
Lombardo, Alfonso, 329–30, 643, 760–1n8
Lombardo, Pietro, 29
Lope de Soria, 334, 336, 354, 355, 362, 379, 387, 409
Loredan, Leonardo (Doge, 1501–21), 58, 84, 124, 196
Loredan, Pietro (Doge, 1567–70), 660
Lorraine, Jean de, Cardinal, 342, 344, 452, 762n12, 762n13
Lotto, Lorenzo, 56, 119, 127, 177, 226, 315, 548, 645, 648; Portrait of Andrea Odoni, 1532, 648; St Nicholas in Glory, 1529, 548
Louis XII, King of France, 80, 82, 124, 131, 208, 268, 325, 346, 351, 760n4
Louise of Savoy, 222, 264 (see also Cambrai, Ladies’ Peace)
Luther, Martin, xiii, 109, 118–9, 216, 224, 235, 280, 318, 328, 371, 374, 483, 485, 528; Lutheranism and Lutherans, 109, 205, 223, 224, 240, 280, 281, 318, 319, 370, 466, 484, 497, 519, 524, 557, 565, 568, 574, 591, 764n5
Machiavelli, Niccolò, xiii, 80, 172, 230, 232, 387, 411, 461, 558, 670, 767n16
Madrid, xiv, 221, 222, 334, 365, 417, 493, 499, 510, 624–6, 666, 734, 735, 740–1n29, 770n8, 773n4, 775n2, 776n14; Treaty of (1526), 222, 264, 324
Madruzzo, Cristoforo, Cardinal, 411, 488
Maffei, Bernardino, 448–9
Maffei, Nicola, Count, 301, 315, 335, 355
Malaspina, Cornelia, 295, 302, 410, 758n10
Malatesta, Giacomo, 262, 266, 2
68, 292, 335
Malatesta, Giambattista, 199–200, 209, 210, 262, 752n21
Malchiostro, Broccardo, 177, 402
Manet, Édouard, 97, 341; Olympia, 341
Mansueti, Giovanni, 68, 74, 253
Mantegna, Andrea, 12, 55, 102, 115, 157, 174, 182, 183, 259, 260, 750n14
Manutius Press, 32–3, 454, 771n8
Marcolini, Francesco, 231, 366, 370, 371, 374, 379, 418, 455, 527, 555
Margaret of Austria, 325, 441, 461, 471, 472, 593, 623–4, 638, 770n5, 772n16
Margaret of Austria, dowager Duchess of Savoy and Regent of the Netherlands, 264, 323, 744n28
Maria of Portugal, 510, 539, 652
Marignano, Battle of (1515), 131, 161, 163, 208
Mary of Hungary, 444, 493, 499, 501, 509, 513, 514, 522, 524, 529, 534, 540, 545, 548, 564, 565, 570, 623, 636
Mary Tudor, 538, 539, 540, 545, 564, 570, 590, 760n4
Massolo, Lorenzo, 453, 630, 632, 782n5; Elisabetta Querini, 453, 630
Maurice, Duke of Saxony, 484, 485, 493
Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, 6, 80–1, 92, 311, 390, 404, 489
Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor, 333, 485, 491, 499, 510, 523, 524, 525, 646, 648, 649, 653, 661, 684, 706, 760n2
Medici family, Alessandro, Duke of Florence, 251, 272, 338, 342–3, 755n17, 770n5; Catherine, 223, 591, 622; Cosimo, Duke of Florence, 237, 439, 455, 456, 473, 504, 525, 552, 555, 643, 644, 676, 755n1, 767n16; Giovanni (see Giovanni dalle Bande Nere); Giovanni (see Pope Leo X); Giulio (see Pope Clement VII); Ippolito, Cardinal, 223, 320, 321, 336, 337–8, 339, 341, 342, 349, 416
Mehmet II, Sultan, ‘The Conqueror’, 54, 65
Melanchthon, Philipp, 524
Méndez de Quijada, Don Luis, 564, 568, 569
Metz, Battle of (1553), 538, 564
Michelangelo, xiii, xiv, 7, 51, 52, 59, 60, 93, 115, 119, 120, 123, 133, 134, 143, 159, 172, 173, 182, 201, 226, 227, 249, 256, 257, 258, 278, 285, 287, 305, 306, 314, 368–70, 371, 375, 389, 402, 420, 427, 430, 436, 437, 449, 464–6, 472, 475, 520–1, 533, 536, 602, 605, 613, 630, 677, 711, 722, 743n10, 768n30, 769n3, 781n13, 787n16; Battle of Cascina, 211, 752n2; Christ the Redeemer, 779n7; Doni Tondo, 105; Leda and the Swan, 756n8; Pietà, 721; Rebellious Slave, 190; Sistine Chapel, xiii, 91, 105, 279, 441, 480, 494, 558, 713–4, 744n1, 764n4
