Chapter 17: “I’m Running Out of Demons”
For the cultural and ideological aftermath of the Cold War, see Tom Engelhardt, The End of Victory Culture: Cold War America and the Disillusioning of a Generation (New York: Basic Books, 1995); Francis Fukuyama, “The End of History?,” National Interest 16 (Summer 1989): 3–18; John Williamson, “A Short History of the Washington Consensus,” in The Washington Consensus Reconsidered: Toward a New Global Governance, ed. Narcis Serra and Joseph E. Stiglitz (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008).
For Bush’s election and administration, see Michael Duffy and Dan Goodgame, Marching in Place: The Status Quo Presidency of George Bush (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992); Michael Schaller, Right Turn: American Life in the Reagan-Bush Era, 1980–1992 (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007); Steve Fraser and Gary Gerstle, epilogue to The Rise and Fall of the New Deal Order, 1930–1980 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1989); John Robert Greene, The Presidency of George Bush (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2000).
For the Gulf War and renewed militarism, see Andew J. Bacevich, The New American Militarism: How Americans Are Seduced by War (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005); Thomas M. Magstadt, An Empire If You Can Keep It: Power and Principle in American Foreign Policy (Washington, DC: CQ Press, 2004); James Mann, The Rise of the Vulcans: The History of Bush’s War Cabinet (New York: Viking, 2004).
Chapter 18: Triangulation
For Bill Clinton and the Clinton administration, see Bill Clinton, My Life (New York: Random House, 2004); James T. Patterson, Restless Giant: The United States from Watergate to Bush v. Gore (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005); Peter B. Levy, Encyclopedia of the Clinton Presidency (Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2002); Bob Woodward, The Agenda: Inside the Clinton White House (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994); Christopher Hitchens, No One Left to Lie To: The Triangulations of William Jefferson Clinton (London: Verso, 1999).
For health-care reform, see Theda Skocpol, Boomerang: Health Care Reform and the Turn Against Government (New York: Norton, 1996); Colin Gordon, Dead on Arrival: The Politics of Health Care in Twentieth-Century America (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2003).
For Newt Gingrich and other conservative opponents of Clinton, see Todd Gitlin, afterword to Reassessing the Sixties: Debating the Political and Cultural Legacy, ed. Stephen Macedo (New York: Norton, 1997); David Remnick, “Lost in Space,” New Yorker 70 (December 5, 1994): 79–86; Newt Gingrich, To Renew America (New York: HarperCollins, 1995).
For welfare reform, see Jill Quadagno, “Social Security Policy and the Entitlement Debate: The New American Exceptionalism,” Frances Fox Piven, “Welfare and the Transformation of Electoral Politics,” and Ronald Walters, “The Democratic Party and the Politics of Welfare Reform,” in Social Policy and the Conservative Agenda, ed. Clarence Y. H. Lo and Michael Schwartz (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 1998); James MacGregor Burns and Georgia J. Sorenson, Dead Center: Clinton-Gore Leadership and the Perils of Moderation (New York: Lisa Drew/Scribner, 1999).
For sex education, see Janice M. Irvine, Talk About Sex: The Battles over Sex Education in the United States (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002).
For immigration and immigrant rights, see Douglas S. Massey, Jorge Durand, and Nolan J. Malone, Beyond Smoke and Mirrors: Mexican Immigration in an Era of Economic Integration (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2002); Otis L. Graham Jr., Unguarded Gates: A History of America’s Immigration Crisis (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2004); Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., The Disuniting of America: Reflections on a Multicultural Society (New York: Norton, 1992).
For military spending and bases, see David E. Lockwood and George Siehl, Military Base Closures: A Historical Review from 1988 to 1995 (Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service, 2004); Chalmers Johnson, The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism, Secrecy, and the End of the Republic (New York: Henry Holt, 2004); Chalmers Johnson, Blowback: The Costs and Consequences of American Empire (New York: Henry Holt, 2000); William Greider, Fortress America: The American Military and the Consequences of Peace (New York: PublicAffairs, 1998).
For NATO expansion, see Peter Gowan, The Global Gamble: Washington’s Faustian Bid for World Dominance (London: Verso, 1999); Warren I. Cohen, America’s Failing Empire: U.S. Foreign Relations Since the Cold War (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2005).
For Clinton international economic policy, see Greg Grandin, Empire’s Workshop: Latin America, the United States, and the Rise of the New Imperialism (New York: Metropolitan Books, 2006); Michael Lind, “Conservative Elites and the Counterrevolution Against the New Deal,” in Ruling America: A History of Wealth and Power in America, ed. Steve Fraser and Gary Gerstle (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005).
For humanitarian interventions and human rights, see Samuel Moyn, The Last Utopia: Human Rights in History (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2010); David Rieff, At the Point of a Gun: Democratic Dreams and Armed Intervention (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2005); Samantha Power, “A Problem from Hell”: America and the Age of Genocide (New York: HarperCollins, 2002).
For the economy, see Robert Brenner, The Boom and the Bubble (London: Verso, 2002); Steven Hipple, “Worker Displacement in an Expanding Economy,” Monthly Labor Review 120 (December 1997): 26–39; Louis Uchitelle, The Disposable American: Layoffs and Their Consequences (New York: Random House, 2006); Dennis Rodkin, “The Richest Chicagoans of All Time,” Chicago 55 (April 2006): 81–83.
For the union movement, see Kim Moody, U.S. Labor in Trouble and Transition: The Failure of Reform from Above, the Promise of Revival from Below (London: Verso, 2007); John J. Sweeney, America Needs a Raise: Fighting for Economic Security and Social Justice (Boston: Replica Books, 1996).
Chapter 19: Living Large
For population and immigration, see Herbert S. Klein, A Population History of the United States (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004); United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, International Migration 2002 (New York: United Nations, 2002); Reed Ueda, Postwar Immigrant America: A Social History (Boston: St. Martin’s, 1994); Ruth Milkman, L.A. Story: Immigrant Workers and the Future of the U.S. Labor Movement (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2006); Marc J. Perry and Paul J. Mackun, Population Change and Distribution, 1990 to 2000 (Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau, 2001).
For suburban growth, see Joel Garreau, Edge City: Life on the New Frontier (New York: Anchor, 1991); David Brooks, On Paradise Drive: How We Live Now (and Always Have) in the Future Tense (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2004); Rosalyn Baxandall and Elizabeth Ewen, Picture Windows: How the Suburbs Happened (New York: Basic Books, 2000); Richard D. Alba et al., “Immigrant Groups in the Suburbs: A Reexamination of Suburbanization and Spatial Assimilation,” American Sociological Review 64 (June 1999): 446–60; Mike Davis, “The Inland Empire,” Nation 276 (April 7, 2003): 15–18; Elizabeth Blackmar, “Of REITS and Rights: Absentee Ownership in the Periphery,” in City, Country, Empire: Landscapes in Environmental History, ed. Jeffry M. Diefendorf and Kurk Dorsey (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2005).
For gated communities, see Setha Low, Behind the Gates: Life, Security and the Pursuit of Happiness in Fortress America (New York: Routledge, 2003); Edward J. Blakely and Mary Gail Snyder, Fortress America: Gated Communities in the United States (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 1997); Elena Vesselinov, “Members Only: Gated Communities and Residential Segregation in the Metropolitan United States,” Sociological Forum 23 (September 2008): 536–55.
For education spending, see State Higher Education Executive Officers, State Higher Education Finance, FY 2006 (Boulder, CO: State Higher Education Executive Officers, 2007).
For car usage and SUVs, see Tom Lewis, Divided Highways: Building the Interstate Highways, Transforming American Life (New York: Viking Penguin, 1997); Keith Bradsher, High and Mighty: SUVs—the World’s Most Dangerous Vehicles and How
They Got That Way (New York: PublicAffairs, 2002).
For retailing, see James B. Twitchell, Living It Up: Our Love Affair with Luxury (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2002); Naomi Klein, No Logo: Taking Aim at the Brand Bullies (New York: Picador, 1999).
For body size and diet, see Cynthia L. Ogden, Cheryl D. Fryar, Margaret D. Carroll, and Katherine M. Flegal, “Mean Body Weight, Height, and Body Mass Index, United States 1960–2002,” Advance Data from Vital and Health Statistics No. 347 (Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, 2004); Greg Critser, Fat Land: How Americans Became the Fattest People in the World (Boston: First Mariner Books, 2003); Harriet B. Pesser, “Toward a 24-Hour Economy,” Science 284 (June 11, 1999): 1778–79.
For the environmental impact of living large, see Ted Steinberg, “Lawn and Landscape in World Context, 1945–2000,” OAH Magazine of History 19 (November 2005): 62–68; Victoria D. Markham, with Nadia Steinzor, U.S. National Report on Population and the Environment (New Canaan, CT: Center for Environment and Population, 2006).
For population control, see Matthew Connelly, Fatal Misconception: The Struggle to Control World Population (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008); Paul R. and Anne H. Ehrlich, “The Most Overpopulated Nation,” in Lindsey Grant, ed., Elephants in the Volkswagen: Facing Tough Questions About Our Overcrowded Country (New York: W. H. Freeman, 1992); United States Commission on Population Growth and the American Future, Population and the American Future (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1972).
Epilogue: America After 9/11
For al Qaeda, the 9/11 attacks, and their aftermath, see National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, The 9/11 Commission Report: Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2004); John W. Dower, Cultures of War: Pearl Harbor/ Hiroshima/9-11/Iraq (New York: Norton/New Press, 2010); Peter L. Bergen, The Longest War: The Enduring Conflict Between America and al-Qaeda (New York: Free Press, 2011); Christian Parenti, The Soft Cage: Surveillance in America from Slave Passes to the War on Terror (New York: Basic Books, 2003).
For the Iraq War, see Bob Woodward, Plan of Attack (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2004); George Packer, The Assassin’s Gate: America in Iraq (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2005); Craig Unger, The Fall of the House of Bush (New York: Scribner, 2007); Seymour M. Hersh, Chain of Command: The Road from 9/11 to Abu Ghraib (New York: HarperCollins, 2004); Rajiv Chandrasekaran, Imperial Life in the Emerald City: Inside Iraq’s Green Zone (New York: Knopf, 2007); Michael R. Gordon and Bernard E. Trainor, Cobra II: The Inside Story of the Invasion and Occupation of Iraq (New York: Pantheon, 2006); Special Inspector General, Iraq Reconstruction, Hard Lessons: The Iraq Reconstruction Experience (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2009).
For the Bush administration, see James Mann, The Rise of the Vulcans: The History of Bush’s War Cabinet (New York: Viking, 2004); Barton Gellman, Angler: The Cheney Vice Presidency (New York: Penguin, 2008); Julian E. Zelizer, ed., The Presidency of George W. Bush: A First Historical Assessment (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2010); Robert Draper, Dead Certain: The Presidency of George W. Bush (New York: Free Press, 2007); Frank Rich, The Greatest Story Ever Sold: The Decline and Fall of Truth from 9/11 to Katrina (New York: Penguin, 2006); Jed Horne, Breach of Faith: Hurricane Katrina and the Near Death of a Great American City (New York: Random House, 2006).
For the economy, see Dean Baker, Plunder and Blunder: The Rise and Fall of the Bubble Economy (Sausalito, CA: PoliPoint Press, 2009); Robert Brenner, “What Is Good for Goldman Sachs Is Good for America: The Origins of the Current Crisis,” Center for Social Theory and Comparative History, UCLA, April 18, 2009; Menzie D. Chinn and Jeffry A. Frieden, Lost Decades: The Making of America’s Debt Crisis and the Long Recovery (New York: Norton, 2011).
Index
The page numbers in this index refer to the printed version of this book. To find the corresponding locations in the text of this digital version, please use the “search” function on your e-reader. Note that not all terms may be searchable.
Abdul-Jabbar, Kareem, 125–26
abortion, 139, 238, 264, 340, 341, 368–70, 409, 427–28, 446, 464–65, 474
Abu Ghraib, 473
academic life, 89–90
Acheson, Dean, 52, 63, 66, 81, 87, 94, 100, 101, 246
Adelman, Kenneth, 469
Afghanistan, 415, 439, 466–68, 473, 475
Soviet invasion of, 332, 333, 390–92, 396, 402, 407, 439
AFL, 39, 47–48, 55, 73, 441
AFL-CIO, 213, 217–18, 270, 285, 417, 430–31, 436, 441
Africa, 171, 226, 325, 391–92, 404
African Americans, 6, 14–18, 23, 31, 33–35, 37, 38, 48, 54, 152, 159, 316
Black Power movement and, 247–48, 250, 258–59, 273, 316
employment and, 133, 135, 140–41, 145–46, 184, 271–73, 348, 349, 441
GI Bill and, 33–34
housing and, 15, 23, 34, 98, 129–30, 133, 145–46, 198, 214–16, 272, 369
incarceration and, 339
migration to North, 6, 38, 133, 144, 152
military and, 15–16, 18, 35, 74, 75
political officeholders, 259
residential segregation and, 135, 257
slavery and, 12, 14
in South, 14–18
at universities, 256, 258
voting by, 14, 35, 37, 38, 77, 145, 152, 156, 161, 180, 204, 206, 207, 209, 326
welfare and, 426
see also civil rights
Agnew, Spiro, 250, 252, 279, 289, 290, 293
agriculture, 22, 77, 78, 116, 117, 131–32, 134, 295–96, 375, 449
cotton, 12–13, 15, 20, 131–32
in Midwest, 3–4, 7
in Northeast, 11
in South, 12–13
in Southwest, 19–20
in West, 23–24
AIDS, 388–89
airlines, 262–63, 360
air traffic controllers, 377, 382, 387
Alaska, 21, 22, 74, 157–58
Ali, Muhammad, 327
Alinscough, Horace, 120
Allbaugh, Joe M., 476
Allen, Anita Lafrance, 257–58
Allen, Paul, 362
Allende, Salvador, 281
Allison, John, 84
al Qaeda, 439, 466, 468, 469, 471, 473
Americans for Democratic Action, 72
American Veterans Committee, 72–73
Anderson, John, 320, 372
Anderson, Marian, 162
Angola, 325–26
Apple, 362–63
Arbenz, Jacobo, 170, 171
Archibald, Katherine, 24
Armey, Dick, 422, 424
Armitage, Richard, 466
arts, 213
Asian Americans, 22–23, 35, 145, 157
Attlee, Clement, 60, 84
automobile industry, 5–6, 115, 116, 133, 347–49, 351, 360, 463–64
automobiles, 136–39, 211–12, 378
large, 455–57, 462, 463, 465
Baker, Charles, 181
Baker, James, 404, 434
Baker, Ella, 160
Bakker, Jim, 315, 384
Baldwin, James, 265
Balkans, 438
Baltimore, Md., 305
banks, 8–9, 10, 357–58, 380, 384, 479, 480
Baraka, Amiri, 259
Barnett, Ross, 182
Bartley, Robert L., 371
Baruch, Bernard, 56, 63–64
Bates, Daisy, 159
Baum, L. Frank, 4
Beats, 189–90, 235
Beck, Dave, 122
Bentley, Elizabeth, 94–9
5
Bernanke, Ben, 479
Bernstein, Carl, 288
Berry, Chuck, 191
bin Laden, Osama, 439, 466–68
birth control, 236, 237–38, 263, 446, 464–65
birth rate, 119, 446
Bishop, Maurice, 397–98
Boesky, Ivan, 383
Bork, Robert, 401
Bosnia, 438
Boulware, Lemuel, 368
Bowles, Chester, 322
Bozell, L. Brent, 196
Bradley, Tom, 259
Bremer, L. Paul, 470
Brewster, Kingman, 313
Brezhnev, Leonid, 280–82, 392, 402
Bricker, John, 76, 91, 104–5
Bricker Amendment, 104–5, 107
Brinkley, David, 252
Britain, 49–51, 54, 56, 58, 62, 65–67, 69–70, 80, 84, 168–69, 302, 333
Iran and, 60–61, 167
Brooks, David, 455
Brown, Edmund, 187
Brown, Linda, 149
Brown, Michael, 476
Brown, Norman O., 189
Brown, Oliver, 149
Brown, Pat, 217
Brown, Ron, 436
Brownell, Herbert, 156
Bryant, Anita, 341–42
Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 390
Buchanan, Pat, 443
Buckley, William F., 197
buffalo, 450
Bundy, Harvey, 54
Bundy, McGeorge, 54
Bundy, William, 54
Burford (Gorsuch), Anne, 376, 380–81
Burger, Warren E., 257
Burke, Edmund, 368
Bush, George H. W., 11, 371, 409–15
Gulf War and, 411–15, 418
in 1992 election, 417–19
Soviet Union and, 402–3
Bush, George W., 11
counterterrorism and, 471–72, 475
economy and, 474–79
in election of 2000, 442–44
financial crisis and, 476–79
Hurricane Katrina and, 475–76
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