114. Denise Goolsby, “Dillon Scouted Waves for Ships at Normandy,” Desert Sun, March 7, 2010, p. B3.
CHAPTER 5: CRACKS IN FORTRESS EUROPE
1. Nigel Cawthorne, Fighting Them on the Beaches (London: Capella, 2002), p. 26.
2. Dennis Showalter, Patton and Rommel (New York: Berkley Caliber, 2005), pp. 336–40; Cawthorne, Beaches, p. 26; Dennis Showalter, “Throw Them Back,” in D-Day, ed. Jane Penrose (Oxford: Osprey, 2006), pp. 96–97; Martin Blumenson, The Battle of the Generals (New York: William Morrow, 1993), pp. 91–92; Douglas Botting, The D-Day Invasion (Alexandria: VA: Time-Life Books, 1978), p. 8; Alexander McKee, Last Round against Rommel (New York: Signet Books, 1966), p. 29; Henri Eberle, and Matthias Uhl, The Hitler Book (New York: Bristol Park Books, 2005), pp. 320, 326.
3. Blumenson, Generals, pp. 92–93; Showalter, Patton and Rommel, p. 340–41; “Disagreement in High Places: Rommel—Von Rundstedt,” The Wehrmacht in Normandy, http://www.batterie-merville.com/the-merville-battery/540-2/?lang=en (accessed April 4, 2017); Samuel W. Mitcham, Jr., The Desert Fox in Normandy (Westport, CT: Praeger, 1997), pp. 24–25; Günther Blumentritt, Von Rundstedt: The Soldier and the Man (London: Odhams Press, 1952), pp. 127, 194–95, 204; Stephen E. Ambrose, D-Day June 6, 1944 (London: Pocket Books, 1994), p. 65.
4. Showalter, Patton and Rommel, pp. 339–40; Blumenson, Generals, pp. 93–94.
5. Erwin Rommel, The Rommel Papers, ed. B.H. Liddell Hart (London: Hamlyn Paperbacks, 1953), p. 455.
6. Ibid.
7. Cawthorne, Beaches, p. 27; Blumenson, Generals, pp. 93–94; David Stafford, Ten Days to D-Day (New York: Little, Brown, 2003), p. 43;. Hans Speidel, We Defended Normandy (London: Herbert Jenkins, 1951), p. 76; Ambrose, D-Day, p. 117.
8. Carlo D'Este, Decision in Normandy (Old Saybrook, CT: Konecky & Konecky, 1994), p. 115; Samuel W. Mitcham, Jr., The Desert Fox in Normandy (Westport, CT: Praeger, 1997), pp. 26–27; Showalter, Patton and Rommel, pp. 243–44; Rommel, Papers, p. 469.
9. Rommel, Papers, p. 468 footnote; D'Este, Normandy, p. 116.
10. Larry Collins, The Secrets of D-Day (Beverly Hills, CA: Phoenix Books, 2006), p. 23.
11. Collins, D-Day, pp. 17–23; John Keegan, Six Armies in Normandy (New York: Penguin Books, 1994), p. 65.
12. Showalter, Patton and Rommel, p. 344; Mitcham, Desert Fox, pp. 28–31; D'Este, Normandy, p. 117; Heinz Magenheimer, Hitler's War (New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1997), p. 247.
13. Quoted in Stafford, D-Day, p. 26; Joshua Levine, Operation Fortitude (London: Collins, 2012), p. 4.
14. Quoted in Beevor, D-Day: The Battle for Normandy (New York: Penguin Books, 2009), p. 37; Paul Carrell, Invasion! They’re Coming! (New York: Bantam, 1964), p. 7.
15. Joseph Balkoski, Beyond the Beachhead (Mechanicsville, PA: Stackpole Books, 1999), p. 99.
16. Martin Blumenson, Breakout and Pursuit (Washington, DC: Office of the Chief of Military History, United States Army, 1961), p. 32.
17. Ibid.
18. Quoted in Beevor, D-Day, p. 39.
19. Ibid., p. 37.
20. Keegan, Normandy, p. 62; Mitcham, Desert Fox, p. 25; Balkoski, Beachhead, p. 99; Alan Moorhead, Eclipse (London: Soho, 1988), pp. 94, 138–41; Beevor, D-Day, pp. 37–39; R. Ernest Dupuy and Tremor N. Dupuy, The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History (New York: Harper Collins, 1993), p. 1210.
21. Beevor, D-Day, pp. 38–39; Moorhead, Eclipse, pp. 138–41; Dupuy, Military History, p. 1210.
22. Allan R. Millett, “Blood upon the Risers,” in D-Day, ed. Jane Penrose (Oxford: Osprey, 2006), pp. 172–73; Blumentritt, Rundstedt, p. 175.
23. Balkoski, Beachhead, pp. 70–76; John C. McManus, The Dead and Those about to Die (New York: Caliber, 2014), pp. 53, 61.
24. Stafford, D-Day, pp. 254–55.
25. Quoted in Stafford, D-Day, p. 255; Barnett, Engage, p. 773; Mitcham, Desert Fox, p. 41.
26. Stafford, D-Day, pp. 230–32, 256; Kenneth Edwards, Operation Neptune (Sabon, UK: Fonthill, 1946), p. 39.
27. Rommel, Papers, p. 458.
28. Mitcham, Desert Fox, p. 18–21.
29. Ibid., p. 21.
30. Balkoski, Beachhead, pp. 76–77; Levine, Fortitude, p. 8; Stafford, D-Day, pp. 26–27; Mitcham, Desert Fox, pp. 18–21; Showalter, “Throw Them Back,” pp. 100–102; Millett, “Blood upon the Risers,” p. 173; Rommel, Papers, pp. 458–60; Ken Ford, Operation Neptune 1944 (Oxford: Osprey, 2014), p. 34; Hans Speidel, We Defended Normandy (London: Herbert Jenkins, 1951), pp. 205–206; Blumentritt, Rundstedt, pp. 205–206.
31. Showalter, “Throw Them Back,” p. 107.
32. Quoted in Levine, Fortitude, p. 266.
33. Showalter, “Throw Them Back,” pp. 107–108.
34. Carrell, Invasion, pp. 1–2.
35. Balkoski, Beachhead, p. 78.
36. Quoted in Blumenson, Generals, p. 94.
37. Quoted in William Weidner, Eisenhower and Montgomery at the Falaise Gap (New York: Xlibris, 2010), p. 112.
38. Quoted in Blumenson, Generals, p. 94.
39. Weidner, Eisenhower and Montgomery, p. 112.
40. Rommel, Papers, p. 470; Stafford, D-Day, p. 44; Mitcham, Desert Fox, p. 63.
41. Collins, D-Day, p. 83.
42. Quoted in Ibid.
43. Ibid., p. 85.
44. Stafford, D-Day, p. 43; Collins, D-Day, p. 85.
45. Collins, D-Day, p. 86.
46. Stafford, D-Day, p. 256; Collins, D-Day, pp. 82–87.
CHAPTER 6: THE “LONGEST DAY” COMES UP SHORT
1. Quoted in Deborah Cadbury, Princes at War (London: Bloomsbury, 2015), p. 302.
2. Correlli Barnett, Engage the Enemy More Closely: The Royal Navy in the Second World War (New York: W.W. Norton, 1991), p. 810.
3. W.S. Chalmers, Full Cycle: The Biography of Admiral Sir Bertram Home Ramsay (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1959), p. 223.
4. Craig L. Symonds, Neptune: The Allied Invasion of Europe and the D-Day Landings (New York: Oxford University Press, 2014), p. 250; Antony Beevor, D-Day: The Battle for Normandy (New York: Penguin Books, 2009), p. 76; Larry Collins, The Secrets of D-Day (Beverly Hills, CA: Phoenix Books, 2006), p. 122; Douglas Botting, The D-Day Invasion (Alexandria: VA: Time-Life Books, 1978), p. 94; Ken Ford, Operation Neptune 1944 (Oxford: Osprey, 2014), pp. 32–33.
5. Symonds, Neptune, p. 250; Beevor, D-Day, p. 51; Barrett Tillman, D-Day Encyclopedia (Washington, DC: Regnery History, 2014), pp. 3–4; Denise Goolsby, “Pilot Flew Troops over Enemy Territory,” Desert Sun, June 6, 2010, p. G8; Carlo D'Este, “The Eyes of the World,” in D-Day, ed. Jane Penrose (Oxford: Osprey, 2010), p. 259.
6. Quoted in Rick Atkinson, The Guns at Last Light, vol. 3, The Liberation Trilogy (New York: Henry Holt, 2013), p. 46.
7. Nigel Cawthorne, Fighting Them on the Beaches (London: Capella, 2002), pp. 100–101.
8. Allan R. Millett, “Blood upon the Risers,” in D-Day, ed. Jane Penrose (Oxford: Osprey, 2010), p. 184; Cawthorne, Beaches, pp. 100–101; David Stafford, Ten Days to D-Day (New York: Little, Brown, 2003), pp. 296–301; Jim DeFelice, Omar Bradley (Washington, DC: Regnery, 2011), pp. 196–97; Atkinson, Last Light, p. 50; John Keegan, Six Armies in Normandy (New York: Penguin Books, 1994), pp. 112–14; Philip Warner, World War Two: The Untold Story (London: Cassell, 1988), p. 231; Barrett Tillman, D-Day Encyclopedia (Washington, DC: Regency History, 2014), p. 339.
9. Warner, World War Two, pp. 230–31; Cawthorne, Beaches, pp. 102–105; Millett, “Blood upon the Risers,” in D-Day, pp. 177–80.
10. Collins, D-Day, p. 103; Joshua Levine, Operation Fortitude (London: Collins, 2012), pp. 271–73.
11. Hans Speidel, We Defended Normandy (London: Herbert Jenkins, 1951), pp. 93–95.
12. Samuel W. Mitcham Jr., The Desert Fox in Normandy (Westport, CT: Praeger, 1997), pp. 67–68.
13. Ibid.
14. Cawthorne, Beaches, pp. 101, 106–107; Collins, D-Day, p. 101; Samuel Eliot Morison, The Two-Ocean War: A Short History of the United States Navy in the Second World War (Atlantic Monthly Press, 1963), p
. 394; Tillman, D-Day Encyclopedia, p. 200; Mitcham, Desert Fox, pp. 66–68; Max Hastings, Overlord: D-Day and the Battle for Normandy (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1984), pp. 76–78; David Stafford, Ten Days to D-Day (New York: Little, Brown, 2003), p. 322; Russell Hart, “With Unbelieving Eyes,” in D-Day, ed. Jane Penrose (Oxford: Osprey, 2010), pp. 225–29; Speidel, We Defended Normandy, pp. 93–95; Richard Holmes, The Story of D-Day (New York: Metro Books, 2014), pp. 38, 44.
15. Erwin Rommel, The Rommel Papers, ed. B.H. Liddell Hart (London: Hamlyn Paperbacks, 1953), p. 470.
16. Quoted in Stafford, D-Day, ed. Jane Penrose (Oxford: Osprey, 2010), p. 322.
17. Williamson Murray, “A Visitor to Hell,” in D-Day, ed. Jane Penrose (Oxford: Osprey, 2010), p. 147; Symonds, Neptune, p. 251; Barnett, Engage, pp. 787, 812.
18. Denise Goolsby, “Co-Pilot of B-17 Bomber Crew Recalls Normandy,” Desert Sun, March 12, 2010, B3; Atkinson, Last Light, p. 55.
19. Denise Goolsby, “His Bombing Mission Paved the Way for Troops on D-Day,” Desert Sun, June 24, 2012, B3.
20. Barnett, Engage, p. 814.
21. Ibid., p. 815.
22. Ibid., pp. 813–15; Symonds, Neptune, pp. 266–67.
23. Symonds, Neptune, p. 257.
24. Quoted in Cawthorne, Beaches, p. 195; Hart, “With Unbelieving Eyes,” pp. 230–35; Mitcham, Desert Fox, pp. 72–73; Symonds, Neptune, pp. 256–57; John C. McManus, The Dead and Those About to Die (New York: Caliber, 2014), pp. 68–69; Millett, “Blood upon the Risers,” p. 191; Cawthorne, Beaches, pp. 193–99; Collins, D-Day, pp. 127–29; Murray, “Visitor to Hell,” pp. 155–59.
25. Cawthorne, Beaches, p. 195.
26. Quoted in Hart, “With Unbelieving Eyes,” p. 224; Beevor, D-Day, p. 90.
27. Kenneth Edwards, Operation Neptune (Sabon, UK: Foothill, 1946), p. 167.
28. McManus, Dead, pp. 57–58; Cawthorne, Beaches, pp. 167–68; Mitcham, Desert Fox, p. 78; Symonds, Neptune, p. 272; Murray, “Visitor to Hell,” p. 154; Hart, “With Unbelieving Eyes,” p. 236; Edwards, Operation Neptune, p. 167.
29. Cawthorne, Beaches, p. 173; Warner, World War Two, pp. 232–33.
30. Cawthorne, Beaches, p. 173.
31. Warner, World War Two, p. 233; Symonds, Neptune, p. 268.
32. Quoted in Jonathan Mayo, D-Day, Minute by Minute (New York: Marble Arch, 2014), p. 215; Symonds, Neptune, pp. 263–64; Murray, “Visitor to Hell,” p. 155; Edwards, Operation Neptune, p. 136.
33. Cawthorne, pp. 174–75.
34. Ibid., p. 176.
35. Denise Goolsby, “Navy Man Faced Challenges Prior to D-Day,” Desert Sun, July 15, 2012, p. B3; Cawthorne, Beaches, pp. 174–78; Barnett, Engage, pp. 817–18; Symonds, Neptune, p. 268.
36. Quoted in Symonds, Neptune, p. 281.
37. Quoted in Chester Wilmot, The Struggle for Europe (London: Collins, 1952), p. 262; Botting, D-Day, p. 141.
38. Murray, “Visitor to Hell,” pp. 153–58; Paul Carrell, Invasion! They’re Coming! (New York: Bantam, 1964), pp. 90–91; Beevor, D-Day, p. 93; Joseph Balkoski, Beyond the Beachhead (Mechanicsville, PA: Stackpole Books, 1999), p. 149; Stephen E. Ambrose, D-Day June 6, 1944 (London: Pocket Books, 1994), p. 342; Stewart Bryant, “D-Day: German Infantry at Omaha Beach,” Jewish Virtual Library, 2002, http://jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/ww2/germandef.html (accessed April 4, 2017).
39. Quoted in Hastings, Overlord, p. 99.
40. Ibid., p. 98.
41. Cawthorne, Beaches, pp. 178–80; Hastings, Overlord, p. 98; Symonds, Neptune, pp. 290–95; Tillman, D-Day Encyclopedia, p. 153.
42. Ambrose, D-Day, p. 388.
43. Quoted in Symonds, Neptune, p. 300.
44. Quoted in Jonathan Mayo, D-Day: Minute by Minute (New York: Marble Arch, 2014), p. 215; Symonds, Neptune, pp. 285–86; Cawthorne, Beaches, pp. 181–83; Adrian R. Lewis, Omaha Beach: A Flawed Victory (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001), p. 284.
45. Quoted in Collins, D-Day, p. 140.
46. Quoted in Mayo, D-Day, p. 267; Collins, D-Day, pp. 140–41; Cawthorne, Beaches, pp. 182–84.
47. Cawthorne, Beaches, p. 184.
48. Botting, D-Day, pp. 152–53.
49. Ibid., p. 153.
50. Barnett, Engage, p.815; Edwards, Operation Neptune, pp. 139–40.
51. Botting, D-Day, pp. 152–53; Barnett, Engage, pp. 814, 818–19; Keegan, Normandy, p. 131; Cawthorne, Beaches, pp. 147–53; Ambrose, D-Day, p. 527; Warner, World War Two, p. 233; Murray, “Visitor to Hell,” p. 159; Mitcham, Desert Fox, p. 81.
52. Mitcham, Desert Fox, p. 81; Keegan, Six Armies in Normandy, p. 131.
53. Barnett, Engage, p. 822; Murray, “Visitor to Hell,” pp. 159–60; Keegan, Normandy, p. 131; Beevor, D-Day, pp. 133–35; Edwards, Operation Neptune, pp. 139–40.
54. Quoted in Ambrose, D-Day, p. 545.
55. Murray, “Visitor to Hell,” p. 160; Barnett, Engage, p. 822; Cawthorne, Beaches, p. 139; Beevor, D-Day, p. 135.
56. Beevor, D-Day, p. 136.
57. Quoted in Symonds, Neptune, p. 281; Murray, “Visitor to Hell,” p. 160; Beevor, D-Day, p. 136; Barnett, Engage, p. 815; Symonds, Neptune, p. 287; Collins, D-Day, p. 133.
58. Collins, D-Day, p. 133; Barnett, Engage, p. 822; Cawthorne, Beaches, pp. 109–19.
59. Ambrose, D-Day, pp. 515–17.
60. Botting, D-Day, p. 158.
61. Murray, “Visitor to Hell,” pp. 160–61; Ambrose, D-Day, pp. 516–17; Peter Caddick-Adams, Monty and Rommel: Parallel Lives (New York: Overlook, 2011), p. 378; Botting, D-Day, pp. 158–60.
62. Mitcham, Desert Fox, p. 84; Cawthorne, Beaches, p. 106.
63. Quoted in Mitcham, Desert Fox, p. 79.
64. Quoted in Collins, D-Day, p. 157.
65. Mayo, D-Day, p. 222.
66. Günther Blumentritt, Von Rundstedt: The Soldier and the Man (London: Odhams Press, 1952), p. 226.
67. Liddell Hart, The Other Side of the Hill (London: Pan Books, 1948), p. 406.
68. Quoted in Mitcham, Desert Fox, p. 87.
69. Quoted in Carrell, Invasion, p. 106; Symonds, Neptune, p. 282.
70. Hastings, Overlord, p. 117; Botting, D-Day, pp. 160–61; Carrell, Invasion, pp. 107–108; Alexander McKee, Last Round against Rommel: Battle of the Normandy Bridgehead (New York: Signet, 1966), pp. 57–61; Carlo D'Este, Decision in Normandy (Old Saybrook, CT: Konecky & Konecky, 1994), pp. 139–40.
71. Quoted in Alexander McKee, Caen: Anvil of Victory (New York: Dorset, 1964), p. 63.
72. Mayo, D-Day, p. 264.
73. Adolf Galland, The First and the Last (New York: Ballantine Books, 1957), p. 213; Atkinson, Last Light, p. 85; Mitcham, Desert Fox, p. 71; Hart, “With Unbelieving Eyes,” pp. 238–39.
74. Quoted in Beevor, D-Day, p. 150.
75. Quoted in Mitcham, Desert Fox, p. 87.
76. Atkinson, Last Light, p. 84; Stafford, D-Day, p. 332; William Weidner, Eisenhower and Montgomery at the Falaise Gap (New York: Xlibris, 2010), p. 28; Barnett, Engage, p. 825; Botting, D-Day, p. 161; Bertram Ramsay, Year of D-Day, eds. Robert W. Love, Jr. and John Mayor (Hull, UK: University of Hull Press, 1994), p. 84.
77. Mitcham, Desert Fox, pp. 83, 93–95; Weidner, Eisenhower and Montgomery, p. 113; Heinz Magenheimer, Hitler's War (New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1997), p. 251; Murray, “Visitor to Hell,” p. 153; Rommel, Papers, p. 474.
78. Hastings, Overlord, p. 121.
79. D'Este, Normandy, p. 149; Bernard Law Montgomery, Normandy to the Baltic (Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 1948), pp. 116–34.
80. D'Este, Normandy, p. 144.
81. Quoted in DeFelice, Bradley, p. 203.
82. Quoted in Botting, D-Day, p. 155.
83. Quoted in Collins, D-Day, p. 161.
84. Mayo, D-Day, p. 162.
CHAPTER 7: WHO WAS IN CONTROL?
1. Richard Langworth, Churchill by Himself: The Definitive Collection of Quotations (New York: Public Affairs, 2011), p. 577.
2. Bertram Ramsay, Year of D-Day, eds. Robert W. Love, Jr. and John Mayor (Hull, UK: University of Hu
ll Press, 1994), p. 84; Ronald J. Drez, “Their Road Will Be Long and Hard,” in D-Day, ed. Jane Penrose (Oxford: Osprey, 2010), p. 197; Douglas Botting, The D-Day Invasion (Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books, 1978), p. 183; Robert A. Miller, August 1944: The Campaign for France (Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 1996), p. 8; Carlo D'Este, Decision in Normandy (Old Saybrook, CT: Konecky & Konecky, 1994), pp. 150, 161; Bernard Fergusson, The Watery Maze (London: Collins, 1961), p. 349; Antony Beevor, D-Day: The Battle for Normandy (New York: Penguin Books, 2009), p. 175; Diary notes, in Stephen Brooks, ed., Montgomery and the Battle of Normandy (Stroud, UK: History Press, 2008), p. 118; Jonathan W. Jordan, Brothers, Rivals, Victors (New York: Caliber, 2011), p. 327.
3. Keith Grint, Leadership, Management and Command: Rethinking D-Day (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007), p. 105.
4. William Weidner, Eisenhower and Montgomery at the Falaise Gap (New York: Xlibris, 2010), p. 115; Botting, D-Day, p. 187; Martin Blumenson, The Battle of the Generals (New York: William Morrow, 1993), p. 95; John Keegan, Six Armies in Normandy (New York: Penguin Books, 1994), pp. 155–58; D'Este, Normandy, p. 157.
5. Quoted in “‘Agent Garbo,’” The Spy Who Lied about D-Day,” NPR, July 7, 2012, http://www.npr.org/2012/07/07/156189716/agent-garbo-the-spy-who-lied-about-d-day.
6. Quoted in Larry Collins, The Secrets of D-Day (Beverly Hills, CA: Phoenix Books, 2006), p. 196; Dennis E. Showalter and Harold C. Deutsch, If the Allies Had Fallen (New York: MJF Books, 2010), pp. 251–52.
7. Paul Carrell, Invasion! They’re Coming! (New York: Bantam, 1964), pp. 134–36; Keegan, Normandy, pp. 148–49.
8. Erwin Rommel, The Rommel Papers, ed. B.H. Liddell Hart (London: Hamlyn Paperbacks, 1953), p. 477; Hans Speidel, We Defended Normandy (London: Herbert Jenkins, 1951), p. 96; B.H. Liddell Hart, The German Generals Talk (New York: Quill, 1979), p. 244.
9. Weidner, Eisenhower and Montgomery, p. 144; Max Hastings, Overlord: D-Day and the Battle for Normandy (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1984), p. 125; Carrell, Invasion, pp. 146–50.
10. Beevor, D-Day, pp. 182–83; Keegan, Normandy, pp. 150–51; Weidner, Eisenhower and Montgomery, p. 264; Speidel, We Defended Normandy, p. 100.
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